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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: NON-ISOTHERMAL CHARACTERISTICS
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Non-isothermal effects in condensation inside tubes
PublikacjaWrzenie i kondensacja w przepływie są zjawiskami symetrycznymi, aczkolwiek ich opis za pomocą jednej korelacji w konfrontacji z eksperymentem nie dawał dobrych rezultatów. W pracy zmodyfikowano naprężenia styczne na granicy rozdziału faz w ten sposób, że uwzględniono wymianę pędu na granicy rozdziału faz i możliwym stała się adaptacja wcześniej zaproponowanego przez autorów modelu wrzenia w przepływie do obliczeń wymiany ciepła...
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Isothermal Vulcanization and Non-Isothermal Degradation Kinetics of XNBR/Epoxy/XNBR-g-Halloysite Nanotubes (HNT) Nanocomposites
PublikacjaThe effect of several concentrations of carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR) functionalized halloysite nanotubes (XHNTs) on the vulcanization and degradation kinetics of XNBR/epoxy compounds were evaluated using experimental and theoretical methods. The isothermal vulcanization kinetics were studied at various temperatures by rheometry and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results obtained indicated that the...
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Decomposition of Acoustic and Entropy Modes in a Non-Isothermal Gas Affected by a Mass Force
PublikacjaDiagnostics and decomposition of atmospheric disturbances in a planar flow are considered in this work. The study examines a situation in which the stationary equilibrium temperature of a gas may depend on the vertical coordinate due to external forces. The relations connecting perturbations are analytically established. These perturbations specify acoustic and entropy modes in an arbitrary stratified gas affected by a constant...
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Study of Slip Effects in Reverse Roll Coating Process Using Non-Isothermal Couple Stress Fluid
PublikacjaThe non-isothermal couple stress fluid inside a reverse roll coating geometry is considered. The slip condition is considered at the surfaces of the rolls. To develop the flow equations, the mathematical modelling is performed using conservation of momentum, mass, and energy. The LAT (lubrication approximation theory) is employed to simplify the equations. The closed form solution for velocity, temperature, and pressure gradient...
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Non-isothermal effects in a common method for calculation of heat transfer coefficient in flow boiling and flow condensation in minichannels
PublikacjaW pracy przestawiono efekty nieizotermiczne w metodzie wyznaczania współczynnika przejmowania ciepła podczas wrzenia w przepływie oraz kondensacji w przepływie w minikanałach. Wyniki obliczeń porównano z badaniami eksperymentalnymi z literatury, uzyskując dobrą zgodność.
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Heteroleptic cadmium(II) complex, potential precursor for semiconducting CdS layers. Thermal stability and non-isothermal decomposition kinetics
PublikacjaW ramach pracy zweryfikowano stabilność termiczną [Cd{SSi(OBut)3}(S2CNEt2)]2 - potencjalnego prekursora do otrzymywania warstw półprzewodnikowych CdS. Równocześnie przeprowadzono analizę kinetyki rozkładu za pomocą różnych metod izokonwersyjnych zaproponowanych przez Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose i Friedmanna w wyniku czego wyznaczono całkowity tryplet kinetyczny dla omawianego kompleksu.
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In-situ FTIR study of reaction mechanism and chemical kinetics of a Xundian lignite during non-isothermal low temperature pyrolysis
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Thermal decomposition of some aromatic azomonoethers. Part II. Non-isothermal study of three liquid crystals in dynamic air atmosphere
PublikacjaW ramach pracy zweryfikowano stabilność termiczną trzech barwników azowych o właściwościach ciekłokrystalicznych - potencjalnych prekursorów do otrzymywania warstw stosowanych w optyce nieliniowej. Zarejestrowano przebiegi TG, DTG, DTA oraz DSC jak również analizowano skład gazów powstających podczas rozpadu za pomocą przystawki FTIR. Przeprowadzono analizę kinetyki rozkładu, wyznaczając energię aktywacji procesu.
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Modelling of Hydraulic Fracturing in Rocks in Non-isothermal Conditions Using Coupled DEM/CFD Approach with Two-Phase Fluid Flow Model
PublikacjaSkała łupkowa jest materiałem silnie niejednorodnym, nieciągłym i porowatym. W warunkach nieizotermicznych ruch płynu w układzie porów i kapilar jest silnie sprzężony z przenoszeniem ciepła. Przebieg szczeliny hydraulicznej silnie zależy od stopnia nasycenia skały. Opracowano innowacyjny model termo-hydro-mechaniczny oparty na modelu DEM w celu szczegółowego śledzenia frakcji ciecz/gaz w porach i pęknięciach pod kątem ich różnej...
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Design of IIR digital filters with non-standard characteristics using differential evolution algorithm
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono zastosowanie algorytmu ewolucji różnicowej do projektowania filtrów cyfrowych o niestandardowych charakterystykach. Przy użyciu tego algorytmu zaprojektowano trzy filtry z charakterystykami amplitudowymi: liniowo narastającą, liniowo opadającą i nieliniowo narastającą. Filtry uzyskane tą metodą są stabilne i ich charakterystykispełniają wszystkie założenia projektowe.
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NON-LINEAR MASTIC CHARACTERISTICS BASED ON THE MODIFIED MSCR (MULTIPLE STRESS CREEP RECOVERY) TEST
PublikacjaMastic containing asphalt in its composition is an example of a viscoelastic material. It is an effective binder in asphalt. It consists of a filler (<0.063 mm) and asphalt mixed in the right proportions. Just like in asphalt, its response depends on the temperature level, the load and stress time. Changing the stress stiffness of the mastic affects the non-linear course of the stress-strain relationship. Modelling of the non-linear...
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Low-Cost Open-Hardware System for Measurements of Antenna Far-Field Characteristics in Non-Anechoic Environments
PublikacjaExperimental validation belongs to the most important steps in the development of antenna structures. Measurements are normally performed in expensive, dedicated facilities such as anechoic chambers, or open-test sites. A high cost of their construction might not be justified when the main goal of antenna verification boils down to demonstration of the measurement procedure, or rough validation of the simulation models used for...
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Joint Genomic and Proteomic Analysis Identifies Meta-Trait Characteristics of Virulent and Non-virulent Staphylococcus aureus Strains
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Design and optimization of IIR digital filters with non-standard characteristics using continuous ant colony optimization algorithm
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono metodę projektowania i optymalizacji stabilnych filtrów cyfrowych IIR o niestandardowych charakterystykach amplitudowych, przy zastosowaniu ''mrówkowego'' algorytmu optymalizującego ACO. W proponowanej metodzie (nazwanej ACO-IIRFD), wprowadzono dynamiczne zmiany parametrów. Dzięki tym zmianom parametrów filtru cyfrowego możliwe jest uzyskanie małych odchyłek charakterystyk między założonymi i aktualnymi....
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Chemometric approach to correlations between retention parameters of non-polar HPLC columns and physicochemical characteristics for ampholytic substances of biological and pharmaceutical relevance
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Novel insights into conjugation of antitumor-active unsymmetrical bisacridine C-2028 with glutathione: characteristics of non-enzymatic and glutathione S-transferase-mediated reactions
PublikacjaUnsymmetrical bisacridines (UAs) are a novel potent class of antitumor-active therapeutics. A significant route of phase II drug metabolism is conjugation with glutathione (GSH), which can be non-enzymatic and/or catalyzed by GSH-dependent enzymes. The aim of this work was to investigate the GSH-mediated metabolic pathway of a representative UA, C 2028. GSH supplemented incubations of C-2028 with rat, but not with human, liver...
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Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) as a diagnostic tool in detection of infectious diseases
PublikacjaLoop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a gene amplification method which amplifies DNA with high specificity and efficiency under isothermal conditions. Because of its rapidity and simplicity, it is a valuable diagnostic tool in the early detection and identification of infectious diseases. LAMP method is based on the use of a set of four to six specially designed primers spanning six to eight distinct sequences on the...
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Subcritical Thermodynamic Cycles with Organic Medium and Isothermal Expansion
PublikacjaThe efffciencies of the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) are not very high and only very seldom do they exceed 20%. The increase and optimization of initial parameters and certain modifications of the thermodynamic cycle make it possible to overcome these drawbacks. A new modified cycle has been described and analyzed in detail in the paper. Similarly to the Ericsson cycle for gas turbines, isothermal expansion in the turbine is suggested...
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Organic Supercritical Thermodynamic Cycles with Isothermal Turbine
PublikacjaOrganic Rankine cycles (ORC) are quite popular, but the overall efficiencies of these plants are rather very low. Numerous studies have been conducted in many scientific centers and research centers to improve the efficiency of such cycles. The research concerns both the modification of the cycle and the increase in the parameters of the medium at the inlet to the turbine. However, the efficiency of even these modified cycles rarely...
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Cure kinetics of epoxy/MWCNTs nanocomposites: Isothermal calorimetric and rheological analyses
PublikacjaA combinatorial route has been applied in cure kinetics study of epoxy nanocomposites containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) based on differential scanning calorimetry and rheokinetic analyses under isothermal conditions. Pristine and amine-modified MWCNTs bearing primary and secondary amines were used at very low concentrations (0.1 and 0.3 wt.% based on epoxy weight). Model-free and model-fitting methods were applied...
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Natural convective heat transfer from isothermal cuboids
PublikacjaThe paper presents results of theoretical and experimental investigations of the convective heat transfer from isothermal cuboid. The analytical solution was performed taking into account complete boundary layer length and the manner of its propagation around isothermal cuboid. It arises at horizontal bottom surface and grows on vertical lateral surface of the block. After changing its direction, the boundary layer occurs above...
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A study of a reduction of a micro- and nanometric bismuth oxide in hydrogen atmosphere
PublikacjaA reduction of bismuth oxide in hydrogen atmosphere was investigated. The reaction was performed with a material in various structural forms: powder: with micrometric grains, powder with nanometric grains and powder pressed into pellets. The process was performed in both isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. An activation energy of the reaction calculated with Friedman method was found to be about 85 kJ/mol for the reduction...
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Effects of subfilter velocity modelling on dispersed phase in LES of heated channel flow
PublikacjaA non-isothermal turbulent flow with the dispersed phase is modelled using the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approach for fluid, one-way coupled with the equations of point-particle evolution. The channel is heated at both walls and isoflux boundary conditions are applied for fluid. Particle velocity and thermal statistics are computed. Of particular interest are the r.m.s. profiles and the probability density function of particle...
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Influence of low-temperature physical hardening on stiffness and tensile strength of asphalt concrete and stone mastic asphalt
PublikacjaThis paper presents laboratory testing of stiffness modulus and indirect tensile strength of three asphalt concrete (AC) and three stone mastic asphalt (SMA) mixes after isothermal storage at temperature of -20oC, at different time intervals up to 16 days. The tests under repeated dynamic loading showed physical hardening of all tested mixes which was manifested by an evident increase of their stiffness moduli after isothermal...
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Isothermal Calorimetry and Compressive Strength Tests of Mortar Specimens for Determination of Apparent Activation Energy
PublikacjaThe hydration process of cementitious materials involves a thermally activated reaction that depends on the composition of the mixture and the curing temperature. The main parameter affecting the temperature variation of cast-in-place concrete is the apparent activation energy, which can be used for the efficient prediction of the temperature evolution and maturity index of hardening concrete. This paper discusses two methods to...
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Thermoplastic polyurethane/(organically modified montmorillonite) nanocomposites produced by in situ polymerization
PublikacjaA series of polyurethane nanocomposites were synthesized from thermoplastic polyurethanes (with different hard segment ratios) and two types of organically modified montmorillonites (OMMT) - Cloisite® 10A and Cloisite® 20A. The thermal behavior was examined by non-isothermal thermogravimetry (TG, DTG), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Dynamic-Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA). The results of X-ray analyses showed that...
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Kinetics of cross-linking processes of fast-curing polyurethane system
PublikacjaThis work focuses on the application of thermal analysis and kinetics investigations to analyze chemical processes during cross-linking of the complex fast-curing polyurethane system. Non-isothermal Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measurements were performed for both stoichiometric mixtures of polyol and isocyanate component and for mixture with large isocyanate excess. Isoconversional methods were used to calculate initial...
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Novel Analytic-Numerical Model of Free Convection: with Leading Edge Considered
PublikacjaA novel solution of the free convection boundary problem is represented in analytical form for velocity and temperature for an isothermal vertical plate, as an example. These fields are built as a Taylor Series in the x coordinate with coefficients as functions of the vertical coordinate (y). We restrict ourselves by cubic approximation for both functions. The basic Navier-Stokes and Fourier-Kirchhoff equations and boundary conditions...
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Improved model of isothermal and incompressible fluid flow in pipelines versus the Darcy–Weisbach equation and the issue of friction factor
PublikacjaIn this article, we consider the modelling of stationary incompressible and isothermal one-dimensional fluid flow through a long pipeline. The approximation of the average pressure in the developed model by the arithmetic mean of inlet and outlet pressures leads to the known empirical Darcy–Weisbach equation. Most importantly, we also present another improved approach that is more accurate because the average pressure is estimated...
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Comparitive study of heat transfer and pressure drop during flow boiling and flow condensation in minichannels
PublikacjaIn the paper a method developed earlier by authors is applied to calculations of pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient for flow boiling and also flow condensation for some recent data collected from literature for such fluids as R404a, R600a, R290, R32,R134a, R1234yf and other. The modification of interface shear stresses between flow boiling and flow condensation in annular flow structure are considered through incorporation...
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Theoretical consideration of free convective heat transfer from a round isothermal plate slightly inclined from the vertical
PublikacjaA semi-analytical solution of simplified Navier-Stokes and Fourier-Kirchhoff equations describing free convective heat transfer from a round isothermal surface slightly inclined from the vertical is presented. The solution is based on the assumption, typical for natural convection, that the velocity component normal to the surface is negligibly small in comparison to the tangential one. Next we neglect the nonlinear inertia force...
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A study of the kinetics of bismuth telluride synthesis by an oxide reduction method
PublikacjaThe kinetics of a reduction of bismuth and tellurium oxides in a hydrogen atmosphere, leading to the formation of thermoelectric bismuth telluride is investigated. The evaluation of the reaction kinetics was based on a thermogravimetric analysis performed in non-isothermal conditions. A non-parametric analysis method and the Friedman method were used for the evaluation of the data. Additionally, for a better understanding of the...
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Double-diffusive natural convection energy transfer in magnetically influenced Casson fluid flow in trapezoidal enclosure with fillets
PublikacjaThe prime motive of this disquisition is to deal with mathematical analysis of natural convection energy transport driven by combined buoyancy effects of thermal and solutal diffusion in a trapezoidal enclosure. Casson fluid rheological constitutive model depicting attributes of viscoelastic liquids is envisioned. The influence of the inclined magnetic field governed by Lorentz field law is also considered. To raise the essence...
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Thermodynamic Studies of Interactions between Sertraline Hydrochloride and Randomly Methylated β-Cyclodextrin Molecules Supported by Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy and Molecular Docking Results
PublikacjaThe interaction between sertraline hydrochloride (SRT) and randomly methylated β-cyclodextrin (RM β CD) molecules have been investigated at 298.15 K under atmospheric pressure. The method used—Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) enabled to determine values of the thermodynamic functions like the enthalpy (DH), the entropy (DS) and the Gibbs free energy (DG) of binding for the examined system. Moreover, the stoichiometry coefficient...
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Infrared techniques for natural convection investigations in channels between two vertical, parallel, isothermal and symmetrically heated plates
PublikacjaThe effect of the gap width between two symmetrically heated vertical, parallel, isothermal plates on intensity of natural convective heat transfer in a gas (Pr = 0.71) was experimentally studied using the balance and gradient methods. In the former method heat fluxes were determined based on measurements of the voltage and electric current supplying the heaters placed inside the walls. In the latter, heat fluxes were calculated...
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Real-time isothermal DNA amplification monitoring in picoliter volumes using an optical fiber sensor
PublikacjaRolling circle amplification (RCA) of DNA can be considered as a great alternative to the gold standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR), especially during this pandemic period, where rapid, sensitive, and reliable test results for hundreds of thousands of samples are required daily. This work presents the first research to date on direct, real-time and label-free isothermal DNA amplification monitoring using a microcavity in-line...
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Cure kinetics of epoxy/MWCNTs nanocomposites: Nonisothermal calorimetric and rheokinetic techniques
PublikacjaNonisothermal calorimetric and isothermal rheokinetic analyses were used to study cure kinetics of epoxy/anhydride systems containing very low concentration of pristine and amine-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Isoconversional methods were applied in calorimetric modeling of cure kinetics. Eα vs. α dependency and autocatalytic nature of curing were identified for both types of nanocomposites by isoconversional...
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The Interaction of Heptakis (2,6-di-O-Methyl)-β-Cyclodextrin with Mianserin Hydrochloride and Its Influence on the Drug Toxicity
PublikacjaOne tetracyclic antidepressant, mianserin hydrochloride (MIA), has quite significant side effects on a patients’ health. Cyclodextrins, which are most commonly used to reduce the undesirable features of contained drugs within their hydrophobic interior, also have the potential to alter the toxic behavior of the drug. The present paper contains investigations and the characteristics of interaction mechanisms for MIA and the heptakis...
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Possibility of thermal imaging use in studies of natural convection heat transfer on the example of an isothermal vertical plate.
PublikacjaA new method of infrared (IR) camera use in convective heat transfer studies has been presented. Until now, IR cameras were utilized for temperature field visualizations of flat heated surfaces of solid objects only. Because liquids and gasses do not emit radiation in the infrared range of wave lengths, detection of temperature field in the air was conducted with the use of plastic mesh, which, after heating by hot air, emits infrared...
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Correlation between Compressive Strength and Heat of Hydration of Cement Mortars with Siliceous Fly Ash
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of calorimetric and strength tests of mortars with ordinary Portland cement and two substitution rates (10 and 20%) of cement by siliceous fly ash. The prepared samples were cured under isothermal conditions at four different temperatures: 23, 33, 43 and 53 °C. Heat of hydration was measured using an isothermal calorimeter dedicated to monitor the hydration process of cementitious composites such...
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The Product of Matrix Metalloproteinase Cleavage of Doxorubicin Conjugate for Anticancer Drug Delivery: Calorimetric, Spectroscopic, and Molecular Dynamics Studies on Peptide–Doxorubicin Binding to DNA
PublikacjaMatrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are extracellular matrix degradation factors, promoting cancer progression. Hence, they could provide an enzyme-assisted delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) in cancer treatment. In the current study, the intercalation process of DOX and tetrapeptide-DOX, the product of the MMPs' cleavage of carrier-linked DOX, into dsDNA was investigated using stationary and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-Vis...
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Method of reconstructing two-dimensional velocity fields on the basis of temperature field values measured with a thermal imaging camera
PublikacjaThis paper describes a novel numerical reconstruction procedure (NRP) of the velocity field during natural convective heat transfer from a two-sided, isothermal, heated vertical plate based only on the known temperature field obtained, e.g. with a thermal imaging camera. It has been demonstrated that with a knowledge of temperature distributions, the NRP enables the reconstruction of velocity fields by solving the Navier-Stokes...
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Numerical analysis of vacuum drying of a porous body in the integrated domain
Publikacjan the present study, the vacuum drying process of an apple slice is numerically modeled based on a control volume method. Transient two-dimensional Navier– Stokes, energy, moisture, and Luikov equations are solved by numerical coding (Fortran) to simulate the simultaneous heat and mass transfer in the ambient and apple slice, respectively. The privilege of using Luikov's model is that the capillary forces are considered, and a...
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A Novel Cryptic Clostridial Peptide That Kills Bacteria by a Cell Membrane Permeabilization Mechanism
PublikacjaThis work reports detailed characteristics of the antimicrobial peptide Intestinalin (P30), which is derived from the LysC enzyme of Clostridium intestinale strain URNW. The peptide shows a broader antibacterial spectrum than the parental enzyme, showing potent antimicrobial activity against clinical strains of Gram-positive staphylococci and Gram-negative pathogens and causing between 3.04 ± 0.12 log kill for Pseudomonas aeruginosa...
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High temperature corrosion evaluation and lifetime prediction of porous Fe22Cr stainless steel in air in temperature range 700–900 °C
PublikacjaThis work describes a high temperature corrosion kinetics study of ~30% porous Fe22Cr alloys. The surface area of the alloy (~0.02 m2 g-1) has been determined by tomographic microscopy. The weight gain of the alloys was studied by isothermal thermogravimetry in the air for 100 hours at 700 - 900 °C. Breakaway oxidation was observed after oxidation at 850 °C (~100 hours) and 900 °C (~30 hours). The lifetime prediction shows the...
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Wpływ wybranych właściwości maszyny badawczej na wynik eksperymentu tribologicznego z tarciem ślizgowym
PublikacjaNiniejsza monografia stanowi podsumowanie przekrojowych badań związanych z wpływem właściwości stanowiska badawczego (tribometru) na przebieg i rejestrowane wyniki eksperymentu tribologicznego z tarciem ślizgowym ciał stałych smarowanych cieczą w warunkach tarcia bez efektów smarowania hydrodynamicznego. Autor przedstawia wyniki kompleksowych analiz właściwości dynamicznych stanowiska badawczego w kontekście efektów obserwowanych...
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Application of surface active amino acid ionic liquids as phase-transfer catalyst
PublikacjaFive structurally related morpholinium derived ionic liquids containing N-acetyl-glycinate anion were synthesized and their thermal stability, surface properties and activity as phase transfer catalysts investigated. The thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, while the adsorption at the air/water interface and micellization behavior was analyzed by surface tension measurements, conductometry and isothermal...
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On analytical solution of stationary two dimensional boundary problem of natural convection
PublikacjaApproximate analytical solution of two dimensional problem for sta- tionary Navier-Stokes, continuity and Fourier-Kirchho equations describ- ing free convective heat transfer from isothermal surface of half innite vertical plate is presented. The problem formulation is based on the typ- ical for natural convection assumptions: the uid noncompressibility and Boussinesq approximation. We also assume that orthogonal to the plate component...
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Measurements of the Hydraulic Fluids Compressibility
PublikacjaPerformance of the hydrostatic high-pressure drive systems is affected by the changes of working fluid’s volume. Presence of air bubbles in the fluid cause this problem to be even more serious. To study this phenomenon precise measurements of fluid’s bulk modulus are necessary. Differ-ent measurement methods are applied, but they are either limited to low pressure range or give inaccurate results. To solve the problem the new...
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A model of liquid film breakdown formed due to impingement of a two-phase jet on a horizontal surface
PublikacjaThe present work aims to provide an explanation to the phenomenon of breakdown of the thin liquid film created by impinging two-phase, liquid-gas jet. Existing in the literature models describe merely thebreakdown of single phase liquid films. The model presented here is based on examination of mass and energy equations under the applied criterion of the minimum of total energy. That allows to determinethe minimum thickness of...