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Simultaneous removal of heavy metals and dyes in water using a MgO-coated Fe3O4 nanocomposite: Role of micro-mixing effect induced by bubble generation
PublikacjaThis study focused on the development of a nano-adsorbent for contaminant removal without the use of any external energy. An eco-friendly Fe3O4@MgO core-shell nanocomposite was synthesized and tested for the removal of a heavy metal, lead (Pb2+) and a dye, rhodamine B (RhB). The addition of H2O2 into the system enabled the self-mixing of the aqueous solution containing Fe3O4@MgO through the generation of bubbles. This system showed...
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Polyethylene as a small vessel's building material
PublikacjaThe most common use of polyethylene we can notice nowadays are areas like water supply systems, gas industry (esp. gas piping), food industry, small-scale, light and consumer goods industries. That material has far more applications. One of them is shipbuilding - especially small inland or offshore vessels.
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Kinetics of cyclohexane removal by Candida subhashii and Fusarium solani
Dane BadawczeDataset presents cyclohexane biodegradation in gas phase using two species of microorganisms: Candida Subhashii and Fusarium solani. Biodegradation was carried out in sealed chambers with a capacity of 1000 ml. In each of them there are two discs inhabited with microorganisms, made of polyurethane foam, 80 mm in diameter and 20 mm thick.
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Exergetic Analysis of the nCO2PP Cycle with Particular Reference to the Exergy Destruction of Sewage Sludge Due to Gasification
PublikacjaAn exergy analysis is carried out on the negative CO2 emission gas power plant (nCO2PP), which integrates the process sections of fuel preparation, power generation and carbon capture. Processes of exergy destruction are studied with particular focus on the process in the gasification unit of the fuel preparation section, where a large amount of exergy is destroyed in various chemical reactions from sewage sludge to producer gas...
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Spectroscopic study of atmospheric pressure 915 MHz microwave plasma at high argon flow rate
PublikacjaIn this paper results of optical emission spectroscopic (OES) study of atmospheric pressure microwave 915 MHz argon plasma are presented. The plasma was generated in microwave plasma source (MPS) cavity- resonant type. The aim of research was determination of electron excitation temperature Texc gas temperature Tg and electron number density ne. All experimental tests were performed with a gas flow rate of 100 and 200 l/min and...
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Hysteresis curves and loops for harmonic and impulse perturbations in some non-equilibrium gases
PublikacjaEvolution of sound in a relaxing gas whose properties vary in the course of wave propagation, is studied. A relaxing medium may reveal normal acoustic properties or be acoustically active. In the first case, losses in acoustic energy lead to an increase in internal energy of a gas similarly as it happens in Newtonian fluids. In the second case, acoustic energy increases in the course of sound propagation, and the internal energy...
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Subcritical bifurcation of free elastic shell of biological cluster
PublikacjaIn this paper we will investigate symmetry-breaking bifurcation of equilibrium forms of biological cluster. A biological cluster is a two-dimensional analogue of a gas balloon. The cluster boundary is connected with its kernel by elastic links. The inside part is filled with compressed gas or fluid. Equilibrium forms of biological cluster can be found as solutions of a certain second order ordinary functional-differential equation...
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Investigation of sensing mechanism of Nasicon electrocatalytic sensors in nitrogen dioxide and ammonia
PublikacjaIn this paper a sensing mechanism of Nasicon electrocatalytic sensor in nitrogen dioxide and ammonia is investigated. Both gases are environmentally hazardous and contain nitrogen atom in the molecule. However, it seems that their sensing mechanism in electrocatalytic sensor could be totally different. Namely, the maximum sensitivity for each gas was obtained at different temperatures. Also, different auxiliary layers are formed...
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OPTIMIZATION OF NASICON PREPARATION METHOD
PublikacjaNasicon is a solid conductor which has an ability to conduct Na+ ions and it is used in solid gas sensors. In this article a method of Nasicon preparation appropriate for gas sensing application by solgel technique is presented. Influence of the fabrication process parameters on properties of obtained samples was determined. Results of X-Ray diffraction, density, porosity, conductivity, and activation energies measurement are presented.
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Urządzenie do wytwarzania gazowych mieszanin wzorcowych z wykorzystaniem procesu barbotażu oraz permeacji
PublikacjaReference gas mixtures are classified to reference materials and are mainly used for quality monitoring and identification of impurities in atmospheric air. They can be also used for calibration of measuring devices. Nowadays, there is a need to develop a new techniques for the preparation of reference gas mixtures [1, 2]. In this paper the design and the operating principles of instrument based on the use of barbotage and permeation...
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Interaction of Acoustic and Thermal Modes in the Vibrationally Relaxing Gases. Acoustic Cooling
PublikacjaThe dynamic equation which governs an excess temperature associated with the thermal mode in vibrationally relaxing gas is derived. The nonlinear transfer of acoustic energy to the energy of the thermal mode in a relaxing gas causes slow variation of temperature with time. The nal dynamic equation is instantaneous. All types of sound, including aperiodic, may be considered as an acoustic source of corresponding heating or cooling....
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MAGNETOACOUSTIC HEATING AND STREAMING IN A PLASMA WITH FINITE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
PublikacjaNonlinear effects of planar and quasi-planar magnetosound perturbations are discussed. Plasma is assumed to be an ideal gas with a finite electrical conductivity permeated by a magnetic filed orthogonal to the trajectories of gas particles. the excitation of non-wave modes in the filed of intense magnetoacoustic perturbations, i.e., magnetoaciustic heating and streaming, is discussed. The analysis includes a derivation if instantaneous...
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Effects of liquid phase modification on the performance of biotrickling filters
Dane BadawczeDataset presents the effects of liquid phase modification on the biotrickling filtration (BTF) performance of air polluted with toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and styrene.
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The influence of climate change on the life insurance in the EU: A panel data approach
PublikacjaThe financial sector, as one of the most sensitive economic sectors, is alert to all trends and changes in the environment. The aim of the article is to study the impact of climate change on the life insurance market using panel data from 28 countries of the European Union (EU) for the last 9 years. This study is based on a panel model, where the amount of premiums under life insurance contracts is defined as a function of the...
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Research of chitosan coatings deposited by electrophoretic deposition method at various voltage and time parameters
PublikacjaThe aim of this research is to estimate the electrophoretic deposition main parameters, such as voltage and time duration, that will provide optimal characteristics of the surface layer. Chitosan coatings were synthesized on biomedical Ti13Zr13Nb alloys at 20 V and 30 V and with deposit times of 2min, 5 min, 10 min, and 15 min. Evaluation of the coating was performed by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-Dispersive...
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Maturity Mismatch in the Polish Banking System and its Impact on the Economy
PublikacjaIn the article maturity mismatch in the Polish banking system is estimated based on the publicly available data. Then the impact on the economy is discussed. Based on Polish central bank’s data it may be estimated that between 1996 and 2012 the maturity gap increased significantly – average residual maturity of assets exceeds 6 years in 2012 (less than 2 years in 1996), while that of liabilities remains below 1 year. The gap...
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Wykorzystanie tomografii komputerowej przy analizie jakości zacementowania - migracja gazu
PublikacjaArtykuł przedstawia opis zjawiska znanego w wiertnictwie otworowym jako migracja gazu. Opisano główne przyczyny powstawania tego negatywnego zjawiska polegającego na przepływie gazów a także płynów w zaczynie cementacyjnym lub kamieniu cementowym. Przygotowano próbki imitujące zacementowany odcinek rur okładzinowych. Skupiono się na wykorzystaniu tomografii komputerowej, oraz analizie zrekonstruowanego trójwymiarowego obrazu, w...
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Haemocompatibility of Modified Nanodiamonds
PublikacjaThis study reports the interactions of modified nanodiamond particles in vitro with human blood. Modifications performed on the nanodiamond particles include oxygenation with a chemical method and hydrogenation upon chemical vapor deposition (CVD) plasma treatment. Such nanodiamonds were later incubated in whole human blood for different time intervals, ranging from 5 min to 5 h. The morphology of red blood cells was assessed along...
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Alternative cogeneration thermodynamic cycles for domestic ORC
PublikacjaThe Organic Flash Cycle (OFC) is suggested as a vapor power cycle that could potentially improve the efficiency of utilization of the heat source. Low and medium temperature finite thermal sources are considered in the cycle. Additionally the OFC’s aim is to reduce temperature difference during heat addition. The study examines 2 different fluids. Comparisons are drawn between the OFC and an optimized basic Organic Rankine Cycle...
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Doped Nanocrystalline Diamond Films as Reflective Layers for Fiber-Optic Sensors of Refractive Index of Liquids
PublikacjaThis paper reports the application of doped nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films—nitrogen-doped NCD and boron-doped NCD—as reflective surfaces in an interferometric sensor of refractive index dedicated to the measurements of liquids. The sensor is constructed as a Fabry–Pérot interferometer, working in the reflective mode. The diamond films were deposited on silicon substrates by a microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition...
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Diamond Structures for Tuning of the Finesse Coefficient of Photonic Devices
PublikacjaFinesse coefficient is one of the most important parameters describing the properties of a resonant cavity. In this research, a mathematical investigation of the application of diamond structures in a fiber-optic Fabry–Perot measurement head to assess their impact on the finesse coefficient is proposed. We present modeled transmission functions of cavities utilizing a nitrogen-doped diamond, a boron-doped diamond, nanocrystalline...
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Application of thin diamond films in low-coherence fiber-optic Fabry Pérot displacement sensor
PublikacjaThe novel fiber-optic low coherence sensor with thin diamond films is demonstrated. The undoped and boron-doped diamond films were elaborated by the use of the microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (μPE CVD) system. The optical signal from the Fabry–Pérot cavity made with the application of those thin films is sensitive to displacement. The sensor characterization was made in the range of 0–600 μm. The measurements...
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Nitrogen-Doped Diamond Film for Optical Investigation of Hemoglobin Concentration
PublikacjaIn this work we present the fabrication and characterization of a diamond film which can be utilized in the construction of optical sensors for the investigation of biological samples. We produced a nitrogen-doped diamond (NDD) film using a microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MWPECVD) system. The NDD film was investigated with the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman...
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Linear antenna microwave chemical vapour deposition of diamond films on long-period fiber gratings for bio-sensing applications
PublikacjaThe growth processes of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) thin films on fused silica optical fibers with UV-induced long-period gratings (LPGs) were investigated with regard to biosensing applications. The films were deposited using a linear antenna microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system, which allows for the growth of diamond at temperatures below 350°C. The films exhibited a high refractive index n = 2.32, as...
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Simplified method of water cooled exhaust system design.
PublikacjaThe water cooled exhaust systems are not often used onboard ships. Prime goal is to lower temperature of exhaust gas from main propulsion and auxiliary engines to the defined limit. The design of such systems require detailed analysis of propulsion system operational parameters to meet designer expectations. The paper outlines the cooled exhaust system design problems in specific application. The simplified method of evaluation...
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Evaluation of the influence of the opening pressure of a marine Diesel engine injector on the results of numerical simulation of the working cycle and their comparison with the results of the laboratory experiment
PublikacjaThe article presents the results of a numerical simulation of the working process carried out in a diesel engine. In the applied utility program DIESEL-RK, the laboratory engine Farymann Diesel type D10 was implemented. A selected inoperability of its functional fuel supply system - reduced opening pressure of the injector pinj - was introduced. The values of adequate diagnostic parameters were determined: working gas temperature...
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Femtosecond laser ablated trench array for improving performance of commercial solid oxide cell
PublikacjaThe performance of electrode-supported solid oxide cells (SOCs) is limited adversely by gas diffusion impedance in thick and porous support. This work focuses on the improvement of gas transport properties of commercial Ni-YSZ anode-supported SOFC by femtosecond laser-based micromachining where micro-holes of identical depth but different hole separations pitches with minimal heated affected zones were imposed. The polarization...
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Graphene Production and Biomedical Applications: A Review
PublikacjaGraphene is a two-dimensional nanomaterial composed of carbon atoms with sp2 hybrid orbitals. Both graphene and graphene-based composite have gained broad interest among researchers because of their outstanding physiochemical, mechanical, and biological properties. Graphene production techniques are divided into top-down and bottom-up synthesis methods, of which chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is the most popular. The biomedical...
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Charge-based deep level transient spectroscopy of B-doped and undoped polycrystalline diamond films
PublikacjaThe undoped and B-doped polycrystalline diamond thin film was synthesized by hot filament chemical vapor deposition and microwave plasma, respectively. The structural characterization was performed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The electrical properties of synthesized diamond layer were characterized by dc-conductivity method and charge deep level transient spectroscopy. The B-doped...
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Low energy elastic electron scattering from benzonitrile (C6H5CN)
PublikacjaWe present experimental differential elastic scattering cross sections (DCSs) for low energy electron scattering from benzonitrile along with integral and momentum-transfer cross sections that are determined from these DCSs. The measurements of DCSs are obtained using the relative flow method with helium as the standard gas, in a crossed electron-molecular gas beam arrangement. Our measurements are made at incident electron energies...
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Evaluation of the Electronic Nose Used for Monitoring Environmental Pollution
PublikacjaAir pollution is a one of the major concern of civilized world, which has a significant impact on human health and the environment. Recent studies highlight that the exposure to polluted air can increase the incidence of diseases and deteriorate the quality of life. Hence, it is necessary to develop tools for real-time air quality monitoring. Electronic-nose systems based on sensors are an interesting and promising technology in...
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Graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide and composite thin films NO2 sensing properties
PublikacjaA graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxytiophene)-reduced graphene oxide (PEDOT-RGO composite) gas sensors were successfully fabricated using an electrodeposition method. The electrodeposition was carried out in aqueous GO dispersions. To obtain RGO and PEDOT-RGO, the electrochemical reduction of GO and PEDOT-GO was carried out in 0.1 M KCl at a constant potential of −0.85 V. The GO, RGO and PEDOT-RGO...
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Forecast of basic fuel prices in imports to Poland (constant prices in USD in 2007)
Dane BadawczeThis dataset presents price growth forecasts for conventional energy sources. It should be noted that the Ministry of Economy forecasts a more than two-fold increase in oil prices (although these forecasts may be greatly underestimated) over 23 years, an almost two-fold increase in natural gas prices and a 40% increase in coal prices.
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Recent Applications of 1D GC-MS and 2D GC-MS in Foodomics Studies
PublikacjaGas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and food chemistry have been tightly linked since the 1960s. This setup is also an integral part of the omics studies when it comes to low mass metabolites. Therefore, the marriage of GC-MS and foodomics is obvious. Two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry fits perfectly within the latest trends in foodomics, since it is tailored for holistic food analysis....
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Nitrogen dioxide sensing properties of PEDOT polymer films
PublikacjaThis work presents a simple and fully electrochemical route for the polymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxytiophene) (PEDOT) films for fabricating a NO2 gas sensor prepared by electropolymerization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer in lithium perchlorate/acetonitrile solution. The main aim of this study is to determine the sensing properties of conductive polymer at elevated temperatures. The effects of the humidity,...
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Isothermal turbines − New challenges. Numerical and experimental investigations into isothermal expansion in turbine power plants
PublikacjaThe efficiency of power plants with steam or gas turbines depends on the efficiencies of a thermodynamic cycle and devices implementing this cycle. In the case of high power outputs, we cannot expect a significant increase in the efficiency of individual devices. Therefore, what remains is to increase the efficiency of the implemented thermodynamic cycle - the complex Rankine cycle in the case of steam turbines or the extended...
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Fuel, Oils and Greases, W, E, sem.01, zimowy 22/23
Kursy OnlineDivision and origin of fuels. Fossil energy resources in Poland and in the world. Production and structure of fuel consumption. Main directions of crude oil processing. Classification and physical properties of gaseous and liquid fuels - natural gas, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, heating oil. Classification and characteristic indicators of solid fuels - hard coal, lignite, peat. Fuel contaminants and methods of their removal....
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Energy Systems Stations, W, ET, sem.7, zimowy 22/23 (PG_00042106)
Kursy OnlineInternal combustion engines - principle of operation and classification. Heat balance of the engine. Uniform and combined propulsion systems.The main comonents of the propulsion system. Power plant efficiency and waste heat utilization. Cooling water system, lubricating oil system, fuel oil systeml, gaseos fuel system (LNG), compressed air system, exhaust gas system. Fittings and accessories of pipeline systems in the power plant....
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Application of atmospheric pressure microwave plasma source for hydrogen production from ethanol
PublikacjaIn contrast to conventional technologies of hydrogen production like water electrolysis or coal gasification we propose a method based on the atmospheric pressure microwave plasma. In this paper we present results of the experimental investigations of the hydrogen production from ethanol in the atmospheric pressure plasma generated in waveguidesupplied cylindrical type nozzleless microwave (915 MHz and 2.45 GHz) plasma source (MPS)....
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Influence of reactive oxygen species during deposition of iron oxide films by high power impulse magnetron sputtering.
PublikacjaIron oxide films were deposited using high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) of an iron cathode in an argon/oxygen gas mixture at different gas pressures (0.5~Pa, 1.5~Pa, and 5.0~Pa). The HiPIMS system was operated at a repetition frequency $f = 100$~Hz with a duty cycle of 1~\%. A main goal is a comparison of film growth during conventional and electron cyclotron wave resonance-assisted HiPIMS. The deposition plasma...
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Poland’s energy dependence - economic context
Dane BadawczePoland does not have vast resources of non-renewable energy and no nuclear power plant, therefore the issue of the energy dependence of the state, which affects the level of energy security of the country, is an extremely important factor. It depends on both the volume of imports of energy raw materials and the policy of diversification of sources of...
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Miscanthus × giganteus growth and photosynthetic rate measurements
Dane BadawczeThis data set contains the findings of the growth development, gas exchange, and specific leaf area of the plants during the experiment in which straw and wood chips-based biochars were used as soil amendment for Miscanthus × giganteus (M×g) cultivation.
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PROBLEMS WITH CORROSION PROTECTION STEEL STACKS IN FGD SYSTEMS
PublikacjaThis paper presents problems associated with corrosion of steel stacks and changes in philosophy of corrosion protection when implemented into flue gas desulphurization systems. In-situ tests were taken by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at a stack which discharges flue gas before wet lime/limestone desulphurization. A very rapid soaking of spherical infill vinylester coating with electrolyte has been observed....
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Standing Waves in a Rectangular Resonator Containing Acoustically Active Gases
PublikacjaThe distribution of perturbations of pressure and velocity in a rectangular resonator is considered. A resonator contains a gas where thermodynamic processes take place, such as exothermic chemical reaction or excitation of vibrational degrees of a molecule’s freedom. These processes make the gas acoustically active under some conditions. We conclude that the incident and reflected compounds of a sound beam do not interact in the...
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Modelling of saturated, subcooled and post-dryout flow boiling with the energy dissipation based semi-empirical model
PublikacjaA comprehensive semi-empirical model for saturated, subcooled and post dryout heat transfer is presented based on considerations of energy dissipation in the flow. The fundamental hypothesis in the model is the fact that heat transfer during flow boiling can be treated as a sum of two contributions constituting the total energy dissipation in the flow, namely the energy dissipation due to the shearing flow without the bubbles and...
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The possibility of estimating the height of the ionospheric inhomogeneities based on TEC variations maps obtained from dense GPS network
PublikacjaA state of the ionosphere can be effectively studied using electromagnetic signals received from global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). Utilization of the dual frequency observations allows estimating values of the total electron content (TEC). They can be used for a number of scientific studies such as detection and monitoring of traveling ionospheric disturbances or plasma bubbles. Moreover, maps of TEC variations allow...
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Post processing and selecting data obtain with parametric sub-bottom profiler SES-2000 Standard during sounding the Gulf of Gdansk
PublikacjaThe main goal of the paper is to describe the results of sounding the Gulf of Gdansk seabed using a parametric sub-bottom profiler SES-2000 Standard. Quality of obtained during trials data depends inter alia on proper location of antenna to reduce influence of pitch, roll, heave and ship noise (bubbles from propeller and a hull flow, vibration from main engine and peripheral devices). Furthermore calibration of complementary units...
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Double-stage ORC system based on various temperature waste heat sources of the negative CO2 power plant
PublikacjaAnalysed is the modification of the thermodynamic cycle with the negative CO2 power plant concept by its combination with the organic Rankine cycle. The analysed power plant operates on a gas produced from the gasification of sewage sludge. The negative emission term comes from the aggregated CO2 balance resulting from the capture of the CO2, while the sewage sludge is one of the inevitable environmental sources of CO2 to be avoided....
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Properties of Barium Cerate Thin Films Formed Using E-Beam Deposition
PublikacjaThis article focuses on the properties of the BaCeO3 thin films formed by electron-beam vapor deposition and investigates the formation of barium cerates on supports with different thermal expansion coefficients (Stainless Steel, Invar, Glass Sealing, and Inconel substrates) and the influence of the technological parameters on the properties of the formed thin films with an emphasis on the stability of the films. Morphology and...
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New insights of nanomaterials usage toward superhydrophobic membranes for water desalination via membrane distillation: A review
PublikacjaMembrane distillation (MD) is a promising technology for seawater desalination due to the ability to process high-salinity waters and the ability to be driven by low-grade or waste heat. However, practical applications of MD membranes are limited by the low vapor flux and fouling problem. Recently, there is a growing interest in developing novel MD membrane materials with enhanced hydrophobicity to improve the efficiency of desalination...