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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: CIVIL ENGINEERING.
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Design of reverse curves adapted to the satellite measurements
PublikacjaThe paper presents a new method for designing railway route in the direction change area adapted to the Mobile Satellite Measurements technique. The method may be particularly useful in the situations when both tangents cannot be connected in an elementary way using a circular arc with transition curves. Thus, the only solution would be the application of two circular arcs of opposite curvature signs, that is, the use of an inverse...
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Moment resistance of I-section end-plate roof girder splices; a case study
PublikacjaThis article deals with the problem of determining the resistance of end-plate connections. A nonlinear FEM model of the joint was constructed in order to predict its carrying capacity. A standard code procedure was done as well. The analyses have been done to assess atypical end-plate joints designed and constructed as a part of roof structures.
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Dome over the Gdynia seaport building
PublikacjaThe paper presents the description of structure and the selected problems of the technical condition, as well as the strength analysis of the thin-walled reinforced concrete shell which has been making a covering of the main hall of the Gdynia Seaport Building through the last 80 years. The rectangle projection of four single curvature shells of the dome was shaped out of mutual perpendicular intersection of two cylindrical shells. The...
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Sensitivity analysis of buckling loads of bisymmetric I-section columns with bracing elements
PublikacjaWyznaczono pierwsza wariacje siły krytycznej wyboczenia słupa o przekroju bisymetrycznym otwartym przy wariacji sztywnosci i połozenia stezen. Przyjeto załozenia klasycznej teorii pretów cienkosciennych o nieodkształcalnym przekroju poprzecznym. Analizowano zarówno stezenia boczne jak i stezenia ograniczajacespaczenie oraz skrecenie przekroju poprzecznego. Stezenia modelowano jako podpory sprezyste. W przykładzie numerycznym zbadano...
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Multipoint Ultrasonic Diagnostics System of Prestressed T-Beams
PublikacjaThis paper is devoted to the application of ultrasonic wave propagation phenomena for the diagnostics of prestressed, concrete, bridge T-beams. A multi-point damage detection system is studied with use of numerically obtained data. The system is designed to detect the presence of the material discontinuities as well as their location.
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Application of guided wave propagation in diagnostics of steel bridge components
PublikacjaEarly detection of potential defects and identification of their location are necessary to ensure safe, reliable and long-term use of engineering structures. Non-destructive diagnostic tests based on guided wave propagation are becoming more popular because of the possibility to inspect large areas during a single measurement with a small number of sensors. The aim of this study is the application of guided wave propagation in...
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DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF FORUM GDANSK STRUCTURE DUE TO RAIL TRAFFIC
PublikacjaThe paper presents the study of the impact of vibration induced by the movement of the railway rolling stock on the Forum Gdańsk structure. This object is currently under construction and is located over the railway tracks in the vicinity of the Gdańsk Główny and Gdańsk Śródmieście railway stations. The analysis covers the influence of vibrations on the structure itself and on the people within. The in situ measurements on existing...
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Damage Analysis of Tensioning Cable Anchorage Zone of a Bridge Superstructure, Using CDP Abaqus Material Model
PublikacjaNumerical analysis of the tensioning cables anchorage zone of a bridge superstructure is presented in this paper. It aims to identify why severe concrete cracking occurs during the tensioning process in the vicinity of anchor heads. In order to simulate the tensioning, among others, a so-called local numerical model of a section of the bridge superstructure was created in the Abaqus Finite Element Method (FEM) environment. The...
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Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Bracket Strengthening
PublikacjaThe aim of the research is laboratory investigation of aluminium brackets employed to fasten lightweight curtain walls to building facilities. Tensile loads perpendicular to end plates (vertical) were applied here. The author focused on the solutions intended to increase the load-carrying capacity of aluminium brackets applying the plain washer form A (DIN 125; ISO 7089), plain washer with an outer diameter about 3d (DIN 9021;...
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Risk assessment for tram traffic on tramway bridges
PublikacjaMiejski transport szynowy wielu miastach stanowi istotny element systemu transportowego i jest przestrzennie rozwijającym się systemem zapewniającym mieszkańcom codzienną obsługę transportową. Bezpieczeństwo pasażerów transportu szynowego i użytkowników dróg jest jednym z najważniejszych czynników, który należy uwzględnić w trakcie projektowania infrastruktury oraz w ocenie operacyjnej systemu miejskiego transportu tramwajowego....
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Case study of water vapour transmission properties of EPDM façade membranes
PublikacjaThis research aimed to investigate the water vapour transmission properties of chosen EPDM membranes applied in façade and window systems under laboratory tests. The applied procedure included in national and international standards utilized for the laboratory tests of water vapour transmission properties of EPDM membrane is described. Two main types (outside and inside types) of EPDM membranes are laboratory tested. The authors...
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Evaluating the convenience and safety effects of bicycle lanes in Gdańsk
PublikacjaBicycle lanes are lanes marked on a road and dedicated for exclusive use for cyclists.. Because they combine bike and motor traffic they provide directness and flow. However, a shared use of streets could result in bicycle-car accidents. Following up on the good practice Western countries have in planning cycle infrastructure, Gdańsk has recently introduced bike lanes on a few streets. The aim of the research was to assess the...
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Study on the prevalence of mobile phone use by car drivers – the case of Poland
Publikacja: Distracted driving is a significant factor affecting road safety and it can occur as a result of using mobile phones while driving. The aim of the current research is to present the prevalence of mobile phone use by Polish car drivers, based on the roadside and online survey. The field study showed that 11.6% of 1867 drivers were using mobile phones while being in motion and 26.1% of 203 drivers when stopped in front of traffic...
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Determination of vertical displacements by using the hydrostatic levelling systems with the variable location of the reference sensor,
PublikacjaAbstract: In this paper, the author proposed a new method for determination of vertical displacements with the use of hydrostatic levelling systems. The traditional method of hydrostatic levelling uses a rule in which a position of reference sensor is stable. This assumption was not adapted in the proposed method. Regarding the issue mentioned above, the reference sensor is treated in the same way as the others sensors that measure...
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Numerical analysis on axial capacity of steel built-up battened columns
PublikacjaThis paper deals with the numerical analysis aimed at study the bearing capacity of pinended steel built-up columns under axial compression. Finite element (FE) models were performed for the columns presented in the literature. The main problem discussed in the article is the shape and magnitude of geometric imperfections introduced into the numerical FE model, necessary to obtain the load capacity consistent with the experimental...
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Tensile validation tests with failure criteria comparison for various GFRP laminates
PublikacjaThe paper studies the mechanical properties of glass fibre reinforced polymers (GFRP) with various types and orientation of reinforcement. Analyzed specimens manufactured in the infusion process are made of polymer vinyl ester resin reinforced with glass fibres. Several samples were examined containing different plies and various fibres orientation [0, 90] or [+45, –45]. To assess the mechanical parameters of laminates, a series...
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Safety at railway level crossings and Vision Zero
PublikacjaIn this work, safety analysis at the railway level crossings is presented using advanced mathematical modelling. Resistivity of track subgrade panels is taken into account. The analysis does not refer to the assessment of the current regulations. Specific cases of generalized dynamic system are considered by introducing operations S=Δ, S=P defined in space C(N) of real sequences. In this model, generalized discrete exponential...
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Cable-stayed bridges. Basic static schemes
PublikacjaThe paper presents an overview of shaping of cable-stayed bridges. Historical background, basic static sketches and overview of selected bridges are included. Selected natural solutions and interesting unrealized projects were presented. Basic ideas and most important principals are discussed. The examples and sketches were given an author's comment. Static diagrams of two pylon structures with three variants of the arrangement...
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On analysis of double-impact test of 1500-kg vehicle into w-beam guardrail system
PublikacjaEvery day on roads many scenarios of accidents may occur. One of the measures to minimize their consequences is road safety barriers. Finite Element analyses are being increasingly used to support the physical testing of these devices. The paper addresses the issue of a secondary impact into the previously damaged w-beam guardrail system. This situation belongs to one of the most dangerous which can happen on roads and may cause...
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Numerical and Analytical Investigation of Aluminium Bracket Strengthening
PublikacjaThis paper focuses on an analytical and numerical investigation of aluminium brackets used to fasten light-weight curtain walls to building facilities. The authors propose a solution to increase the load capacity of aluminium brackets by means of additional cover plates (straps). This paper also includes a short survey of literature and material properties concerning the EN AW-6060 T6 aluminium alloy. This paper suggests an initiation...
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Assessment of the application of CEM III with exposed aggregate as an alternative to CEM I for road pavements
PublikacjaThe article presents a results of study on the impact of replacing CEM I SR3/NA by CEMIII/A LH/HSR/NAon the mechanical properties and durability of pavement concrete with exposed aggregate. Was used granite aggregate and washed sand. Water/cement () ratio in the tested concretes constituted 0.35 and 0.4 and part of the cement was replaced with a 5% addition of natural pozzolana – zeolite. Compressive strength tests were performed...
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Optimal reshaping and stress controlling of double-layer spherical structures under vertical loadings
PublikacjaOptimal reshaping and stress controlling of double-layer spherical structures under vertical loadings
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Influence of soil anisotropic stiffness on the deformation induced by an open pit excavation.
PublikacjaIn this paper, the problem of deformation induced by an open pit excavation in anisotropic stiff soils is analysed by FE modelling. The presented research is focused on the influence of material model with anisotropic stiffness on the accuracy of deformation predictions as compared with the field measurements. A new hyperelastic-plastic model is applied to simulate anisotropic mechanical behaviour of stiff soils. It is capable...
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Settlement of a historic building due to seepage-induced soil deformation
PublikacjaThe research paper reviews issues associated with the impact of groundwater flow on soil characteristics and parameters, hence, the entire structure of a building set on it. Water seepage through the ground, building subsoil or structural elements of buildings made of soil affects the soil skeleton and may lead to changes in the arrangement of individual grains relative to each other, i.e., a modified soil structure. Soil solid...
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Monte Carlo simulations of the fracture resistance degradation of asphalt concrete subjected to environmental factors
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of laboratory tests of SCB (semi-circular beam) samples of asphalt concrete, subjected to the destructive effect of water and frost as well as the aging processes. The determined values of material parameters show significant dispersions, which makes the design of mixtures difficult. Statistical analysis of the test results supplemented by computer simulations made with the use of the proprietary...
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Influence of cyclic frozen and defrost on mechanical properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-coated woven fabrics
PublikacjaThis research aims to determine the influence of the cyclic process of freezing and defrosting on the mechanical properties of the chosen glass fibres and PTFE-coated woven fabrics. The specimens were subjected to freezing at about −20 °C for 4 h and thawing by full immersion into the water at about +20 °C for 4 h. The fabric samples after 25 and 50 frozen cycles were air-dried at room temperature for one week and then subjected...
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Corrosion monitoring as a factor increasing the safety of hydrotechnical infrastructure
PublikacjaWater distribution systems at KGHM S.A. are of great importance for the efficient production of copper and environmental protection. For failures leading to perforation and leakage, the corrosion processes are responsible. This paper aims to assess corrosion on the basis of the analysis of the exposure of the Hydrotechnical Plant pipelines. To this end, the system of transfer and deposition of post-flotation waste as well as the...
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Effects of full displacement pile installation on the stress and deformation state of surrounding soil: review
PublikacjaSeveral field and model tests have been conducted to investigate the impact of pile installation on bearing capacity. However, little is known about how piles behave during installation, how they interact with the surrounding soil, and how this affects sandy soil properties. This review paper investigates the effect of pile driving on surrounding sandy soil as it compacts sandy soil near to the pile. For this purpose, various related...
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Verification of punching shear outside the shear cap by the direct method
PublikacjaThe proposition of a method to verify the punching resistance for very large supports based on the EN 1992-1-1 standard is described in this paper. The present standard guidelines for the calculation of the punching resistance for large supports are also summarised. The proposed direct method is compared with other standard methods using an example taken from design practice. This method consists of a direct check of the shear...
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Inverse Analysis as a Key Element of Safety Assessment under the Snow Load For The Large Suspension Roofs Structure
PublikacjaThe paper presents a concept and realization of monitoring system for the Silesian Stadium in Chorzow. The idea of the system lies in fusion of structure monitoring with a calibrated numerical FEM model [1]. The inverse problem is solved. On the base of measured selected displacements, the numerical FEM model of the structure combined with iterative method, develops the current snow load distribution. Knowing the load, we can calculate...
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Mechanical Behavior of Plastic Strips-Reinforced Expansive Soils Stabilized with Waste Marble Dust
PublikacjaExpansive soil needs to undergo treatment to be used as safe foundation soil for roads and buildings. From an environmental conservation and economical point of view, the usage of agricultural and industrial wastes is the best option. In this study, the effects of utilizing plastic waste and marble waste dust on the engineering properties of expansive soils were examined. Various laboratory tests were carried out on sampled expansive...
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Shear resistance of low height precast concrete lintels
PublikacjaThe scope of the paper is to investigate analytically and determine experimentally the shear resistance of low height reinforced precast concrete lintels. The chosen procedures included in national and international standards applied for the design of structural concrete elements to an estimation of shear behaviour of reinforced concrete elements are described. The characteristic and designed shear strength of precast concrete...
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Improving the procedure of probabilistic load testing design of typical bridges based on structural response similarities
PublikacjaThis paper concerns load testing of typical bridge structures performed prior to operation. In-situ tests of a two-span post-tensioned bridge loaded with three vehicles of 38-ton mass each formed the input of this study. On the basis of the results of these measurements, an advanced FEM model of the structure was developed for which the sensitivity analysis was performed for chosen uncertainty sources. Three uncorrelated random...
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DETERMINATION OF VERTICAL DISPLACEMENTS IN RELATIVE MONITORING NETWORKS
PublikacjaThe problem of determining displacements of objects is an important and current issue, in particular in terms of operational safety. This is a requirement that covers geodetic, periodic control measurements in order to determine horizontal and vertical displacements. The paper is focused on the analysis of vertical displacements. Geodetic measurements and their interpretation allow to reduce the risk of possible structural catastrophes....
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Mesoscopic modelling of strain localization in concrete
PublikacjaArtykuł omawia obliczenie lokalizacji odkształceń w elementach betonowych poddanych zginaniu. Obliczenia wykonano dla betonu na poziomie mezo przy zastosowaniu modelu zniszczeniowego z degradacją sztywności rozszerzonego o nielokalność. Zbadano wpływ zagęszczenia kruszywa, wielkość kruszywa, kształtu kruszywa oraz długości charakterystycznej na szerokość lokalizacji.
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FE-analysis of spacing of localized zones in reinforced concrete bars under tension using elasto-plasticity with non-local softening
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono wyniki numerycznej analizy lokalizacji odkształceń w pręcie żelbetowym poddanym rozciąganiu. Obliczenia wykonano przy zastosowaniu metody elementów skończonych i sprężysto-plastycznego modelu z nielokalnym osłabieniem. Pokazano wpływ różnych parametrów na nośność pręta i rozstaw lokalizacji.
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Modelling of size effects in concrete using elasto-plascity with non-local softening
PublikacjaArtykuł przedstawia numeryczne symulacje MES efektów skali w materiałach kruchych takich jak beton , wykonane w warunkach płaskiego stanu odkształceń. Materiał był modelowany w ramach sprężysto-plastyczności z izotropowym wzmocnieniem i osłabieniem. W obszarze ściskania przyjęto liniowe kryterium Druckera-Pragera z niestowarzyszonym prawem płynięcia a w obszarze rozciągania liniowe kryterium Rankina ze stowarzyszonym prawem płynięcia....
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Effect of different ventilation systems on air quality, heat consumption and psycho-physical comfort in modern residential buildings
PublikacjaArtykuł omawia wpływ różnych systemów wentylacji na jakość powietrza, zużycie ciepła i komfort psychiczno-fizyczny w nowoczesnych domach mieszkalnych na terenie Niemiec. Badania wykonano na kompleksie domków jednorodzinnych. Zbadano wpływ 4 systemów wentylacji.
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Numerical simulations of granular material flow in silos with and without insert
PublikacjaArtykuł omawia wyniki naporu materiału sypkiego podczas przepływu w silosach z i bez wkładek. Obliczenia wykonano wykorzystując sformułowanie ale na bazie prawa sprężysto-plastycznego według druckera-pragera. Zbadano wpływ kształtu i położenia wkładki na wielkość naporu i rodzaj przepływu.
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A two-scale numerical approach to granular systems
PublikacjaW artykule zaprezentowano wyniki dwuskalowego numerycznego podejścia do materiałów granulowanych. Na poziomie mikro materiał był modelowany przy zastosowaniu metody elementów dyskretnych, natomiast na poziomie makro przy zastosowaniu metody elementów skończonych na bazie macierzy sztywności wyznaczonej na podstawie naprężeń i odkształceń na poziomie mikro.
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Numerical investigations of effect of indoor air quality on thermal comfort in residential buildings.
PublikacjaArtykuł przedstawia wyniki numeryczne MES odnośnie wpływu koncentracji CO2 w lokalnej strefie powietrza w budynkach mieszkalnych naturalnie wentylowanych na zachowanie mieszkańców. Obliczenia wykonano w 2 wymiarach. Zbadano wpływ położenia mieszkańców i prędkości wchodzącego powietrza.
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ANALYSIS OF WIND CONDITIONS AROUND A BUILDING DEVELOPMENT AS A PART OF ITS FORM DESIGNING PROCESS, A CASE STUDY
PublikacjaAerodynamic phenomena that occurs around building developments exert a significant impact on the quality of climate in cities. Environmental wind engineering is a dynamically developing field of knowledge that offers a chance to study and, in consequence, regulates the air flow around buildings and complexes of building developments. The following paper discusses the issue of wind conditions that may be experienced on pedestrian...
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Thermal and Strength Properties of Lightweight Concretes with Variable Porosity Structures
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Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the Effect of Curing Conditions on the Temperature Rise of Concrete
PublikacjaThis paper presents experimental and numerical studies investigating the impact of three curing conditions on temperature evolution in concrete cubes. The tests were performed on samples of the same volume (3.375 dm3) under different curing conditions: room temperature, insulation boxes, and adiabatic calorimeter. Various cements (Portland cement, Portland composite cement, and blast furnace slag cement) and aggregates (gravel...
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Results of the “DPDT-Auger” Research Project on Screw Displacement Piles
PublikacjaThe main objective of the “DPDT-Auger” research project was to test the prototype DPDT auger for forming screw displacement piles in the ground (patented in Poland in 2020). An additional aim was to develop design methods and rules for the making of such piles. The augers and piles were first tested on a model scale, and then more extensively in the real scale on experimental field plots. The results found the overall functionality...
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INTRODUCING GREENERY INTO A BUILDING BASED ON ITS IMPACT ON HUMAN WELLBEING - REVIEW OF THEORIES AND METHODS IN ARCHITECTURE
PublikacjaGreenery around and within buildings is an integral part of architectural space. Although science is providing more and more knowledge about the impact of greenery on human well-being, there is still a lack of guidelines on how to apply this knowledge in architectural design. The purpose of this review article is to prepare the ground for further research on how to support architectural design in integrating greenery as a co-creative...
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Adjoint approach sensitivity analysis of thin-walled beams and frames.
PublikacjaArtykuł omawia zastosowanie metody układów sprzężonych w numerycznej analizie wrażliwości belek i ram zbudowanych ze stalowych profili cienkościennych poddanych skręceniu lub skręceniu ze zginaniem. Przedstawiono wyniki analizy wrażliwości przemieszczeń i sił wewnętrznych na zmianę parametrów geometrycznych konstrukcji.
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Isothermal Calorimetry and Compressive Strength Tests of Mortar Specimens for Determination of Apparent Activation Energy
PublikacjaThe hydration process of cementitious materials involves a thermally activated reaction that depends on the composition of the mixture and the curing temperature. The main parameter affecting the temperature variation of cast-in-place concrete is the apparent activation energy, which can be used for the efficient prediction of the temperature evolution and maturity index of hardening concrete. This paper discusses two methods to...
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Stress strain relations and modulus of elascity of two stage concrete.
PublikacjaOmówiono badania doświadczalne przeprowadzone dla betonu dwuetapowego. Beton wykonano z trzech różnych kruszyw przy zastosowaniu trzech różnych proporcji w/c i c/p. Wyznaczono związki pomiędzy naprężeniami i odkształceniami. Na drodze statystycznej opracowano wzory umożliwiające wstępne szacowanie wartości siecznego modułu Younga. Ponieważ metoda dwuetapowa pozwala na zachowanie kontaktu pomiędzy poszczególnymi elementami kamiennego...
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Reliability of imperfect structures (simple non-linear models)
PublikacjaPrzyjęto proste modele prętów umożliwiających analizę układów o niestatecznych i statecznych punktach bifurkacji. Wykorzystano symulacyjną metodę wyznaczania niezawodności. Zastosowano metodę Monte Carlo i równania 3 poziomu dokładności. Uzyskano rozkłady prawdopodobieństwa obciążenia granicznego nieliniowych modeli konstrukcji z losowymi imperfekcjami. Wykazano, że histogramy siły granicznej modelu statecznego i niestatecznego...