Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: concrete technology
-
Dome over the Gdynia seaport building
PublikacjaThe paper presents the description of structure and the selected problems of the technical condition, as well as the strength analysis of the thin-walled reinforced concrete shell which has been making a covering of the main hall of the Gdynia Seaport Building through the last 80 years. The rectangle projection of four single curvature shells of the dome was shaped out of mutual perpendicular intersection of two cylindrical shells. The...
-
Durability of Asphalt Concrete Subjected to Deteriorating Effects of Water and Frost
PublikacjaThe paper presents testing of the detrimental effects of water and frost on asphalt pavements. It included laboratory testing of 5 fatigue life of asphalt concrete that was subjected to action of water and frost and field testing of damages caused by water and frost on 6 existing asphalt pavements, such as stripping, raveling, and potholes. Laboratory simulation of water and frost action was based on the 7 original AASHTO T283...
-
Composite Beams with glass and reinforced or prestressed concrete - early stage of a theorethical and experimental analysis of a shear zone
PublikacjaThe aim of this article is to present a forgoing preparation for a theoretical and experimental analysis of a shear zone of a composite beams with glass and reinforced or prestressed concrete. Authors present their current knowledge, achievements and predicted challenges in later stages of the research. Properties of component materials are presented in the context of compensating weaknesses of one material with strengths of the...
-
Comparison of Absorbed and Intercepted Fractions of PAR for Individual Trees Based on Radiative Transfer Model Simulations
PublikacjaThe fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR) is a key parameter for estimating the gross primary production (GPP) of trees. For continuous, dense forest canopies, fAPAR, is often equated with the intercepted fraction, fIPAR. This assumption is not valid for individual trees in urban environments or parkland settings where the canopy is sparse and there are well-defined tree crown boundaries. Here, the distinction...
-
DESIGN ERRORS CAUSE AN EMERGENCY OF THE REINFORCED CONCRETE TANK FOR COKE
PublikacjaThe quality of the developed design documentation and the maintenance of the technological regime during construction works have a decisive impact on the subsequent safety of the structure, as well as the safety of use of the building. The paper describes the defects and damages of an open, rectangular reinforced concrete tank for hot process water, which failed during a short period of operation. The article also presents the...
-
Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the Effect of Curing Conditions on the Temperature Rise of Concrete
PublikacjaThis paper presents experimental and numerical studies investigating the impact of three curing conditions on temperature evolution in concrete cubes. The tests were performed on samples of the same volume (3.375 dm3) under different curing conditions: room temperature, insulation boxes, and adiabatic calorimeter. Various cements (Portland cement, Portland composite cement, and blast furnace slag cement) and aggregates (gravel...
-
Predicting Performance of Lightweight Concrete with Granulated Expanded Glass and Ash Aggregate by Means of Using Artificial Neural Networks
PublikacjaLightweight concrete (LWC) is a group of cement composites of the defined physical, mechanical, and chemical performance. The methods of designing the composition of LWC with the assumed density and compressive strength are used most commonly. The purpose of using LWC is the reduction of the structure’s weight, as well as the reduction of thermal conductivity index. The highest possible strength, durability and low thermal conductivity...
-
On some problems in determining tensile parameters of concrete model from size effect tests
PublikacjaThe paper presents results of numerical simulations of size effect phenomenon in concrete specimens. The behaviour of in-plane geometrically similar notched and unnotched beams under three-point bending is investigated. In total 18 beams are analysed. Concrete beams of four different sizes and five different notch to depth ratios are simulated. Two methods are applied to describe cracks. First, an elasto-plastic constitutive law...
-
Diagnostics and monitoring of the longest span extradosed bridge in Europe
PublikacjaThe article presents complex diagnostic procedures applied for the purpose of behavior analysis of the extradosed bridge with the longest span in Europe that was built in 2018 in Poland. The system of health monitoring was used to: register internal forces in temporary supports, monitor concrete bonding, perform in situ diagnostics and operation tests. The bridge is a continuous four-span structure with spans theoretical lengths...
-
The vibration-based assessment of the influence of elevated temperature on the condition of concrete beams with pultruded GFRP reinforcement
PublikacjaConcrete beams reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars subjected to elevated temperature have been experimentally studied. The influence of high temperatures on GFRP-reinforced concrete beams condition has been check both, destructively and nondestructively. The nondestructive tests foresaw vibration-based tests to obtain the natural frequency values after exposure to varying temperatures. The vibration-based...
-
Ultra Low Noise Poroelastic Road Surfaces
PublikacjaNoise is one of the most important environmental problems related to road traffic. During the last decades, the noise emitted by the engines and powertrains of vehicles was greatly reduced and tires became a clearly dominant noise source. The article describes the concept of low noise poroelastic road surfaces that are composed of mineral and rubber aggregate bound by polyurethane resin. Those surfaces have a porous structure and...
-
Poroelastic Low Noise Road Surfaces
PublikacjaNoise is one of the most important problems related to road traffic. During the last decades, noise emitted by engine and powertrain of vehicles was greatly reduced and tyres became a clearly dominant noise source. The paper describes the concept of low noise poroelastic road surfaces that are composed with mineral and rubber aggregate bound by polyurethane resin. Those surfaces have a porous structure and are much more flexible...
-
The bridge over Regalia River in Szczecin - design and construction.
PublikacjaNowoclowa Route is the largest projekt in Szczecin, that consists of 11 km of roads 3,3 km bridges and viaducts, including three parallel bridges across Regalica River (the east arm of Odra River), 535 m long, with the spans: 59+90+90+116+116+64m. The bridge structure consist of two steel plate girders composite with reinforced concrete deck slab. The design and the construction of the bridge are described in the paper.
-
Experimental tests of reinforced concrete deep-beams
PublikacjaThe paper presents results of experimental research of the reinforced concrete deep beam with a spatial arrangement. Tested structural elements consist of the cantilever deep beam loaded on the height and transverse deep beam with hanging on it another one. The analysis includes crack morphology, effort of steel and load distribution. The article verified effectiveness of two different kind of reinforcement in both tested deep...
-
Production of self-compacting concrete using limestone powder
PublikacjaAlthough there are visible signs of its gradual acceptance in North Africa through its limited use in construction, Libya has yet to explore the feasibility and applicability of self-compacting concrete (SCC) in new construction. The current study revolves around SCC made of locally available materials and the harsh environmental conditions. This paper deals with the investigation into the effect of the water to powder ratio and...
-
Verification of the criteria for evaluation of water and frost resistance of asphalt concrete
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of field investigation - condition survey of existing pavements and the results of laboratory tests on water and frost resistance of samples cored from the these pavements. The purpose of testing was to verify the criteria for evaluation of the resistance of asphalt concrete to the action of water and frost by way of comparing the results of field and laboratory tests, followed by evaluation of their...
-
Some Aspects of Shear Behavior of Soft Soil–Concrete Interfaces and Its Consequences in Pile Shaft Friction Modeling
PublikacjaThis paper examines the stiffness degradation and interface failure load on soft soil–concrete interface. The friction behavior and its variability is investigated. The direct shear tests under constant normal load were used to establish parameters to hyperbolic interface model which provided a good approximation of the data from instrumented piles. Four instrumented piles were used to obtain reference soil–concrete interface behavior....
-
Non-uniqueness of fracture parameter choice in simulations of concrete cracking at mesoscale level
PublikacjaIn the paper a non-uniqueness of fracture parameter choice in simulations of cracking process in plain concrete specimens at mesoscale level under monotonic static loading is analysed. The Finite Element Method is used, where cracks are defined in a discrete way using interface cohesive elements with nonlinear material law including softening. The concrete mesostructure (such as: cement matrix, air voids, aggregates, and Interfacial...
-
Non-Linear Analysis of Inter-Story Pounding between Wood-Framed Buildings during Ground Motion
PublikacjaPounding between adjacent buildings during ground motion may result in structural damage or lead to total destruction of structures. The research on the phenomenon has recently been much advanced; however, the analyses have been carried out only for concrete, steel, and masonry structures, while pounding between wooden buildings has not been studied so far. The aim of this paper is to show the results of detailed non-linear seismic...
-
Investigating the effects of structural pounding on the seismic performance of adjacent RC and steel MRFs
PublikacjaAn insufficient separation distance between adjacent buildings is the main reason for structural pounding during severe earthquakes. The lateral load resistance system, fundamental natural period, mass, and stiffness are important factors having the influence on collisions between two adjacent structures. In this study, 3-, 5- and 9-story adjacent reinforced concrete and steel Moment Resisting Frames (MRFs) were considered to investigate...
-
Retrievable strain measuring system in screw displacement piles - readings and results interpretation problems
PublikacjaStatic load tests on foundation piles are generally carried out in order to determine load – displacement characteristic of the pile. For more detailed information, e.g. force distribution along the shaft, load transfer mechanism and characteristics of soil-structure interaction (unit resistance curves t-z, q-z) additional pile instrumentation is required. Most popular techniques focus on direct concrete strain measurements and...
-
Problematyka konstrukcyjna zabytkowego obiektu przywracanego do użytkowania na przykładzie kamienicy przy ul. Staromiejskiej w Olsztynie = Structural aspects in restoring historical buildings for re-use: the case of a tenement building on Staromiejska Street in Olsztyn
PublikacjaThe paper discusses the issue of introducing structural changes into a historical building referring to the example of conservation work carried out in the tenement house at 6 Staromiejska in Olsztyn. Building work involved a general renovation. The paper reviews actions carried out in the restoration work, including strengthening and deepening of the foundations, introducing a post and beam system, and putting...
-
Experimental tests of steel double-type balcony connections
PublikacjaThe paper presents analysis and results of experimental tests of full scale prefabricated balcony sets with dimensions (width × length × height): 2.0 m × 2.78 m × 0.186 m (in slope to 0.17 m). The sets consists of reinforced concrete slabs (balcony and ceiling) connected with each other by double-type balcony connections. The paper analyses the impact of variable parameters on the load carry capacity of elements. Additionally...
-
ENTERPRISE ACTIVITIES MODELING BY BPMN NOTATION
PublikacjaDepending on the process behavior, available know-how and organizational goals, different techniques and tools can be used for business process modeling. We concentrate on e-commerce, and try to find the best marketing strategy for the sales process improvement. In the paper we present the multilayer approach to define enterprise scenarios. This allows us to collect the suitable knowledge necessary for enterprise analysis and improvement....
-
Study of displacements of a bridge abutment using FEM
PublikacjaSteel sheet piles are often used to support excavations for bridge foundations. When they are left in place in the permanent works, they have the potential to increase foundation bearing capacity and reduce displacements; but their presence is not usually taken into account in foundation design. In this article, the results of finite element analysis of a typical abutment foundation, with and without cover of sheet piles, are presented...
-
Analytical approach for membrane action in laterally-restrained reinforced concrete square slabs under uniformly distributed loads
PublikacjaLaterally-restrained reinforced concrete slabs can mobilise compressive membrane action and subsequent tensile membrane action under extreme loading conditions, thereby enhancing the load resistance under uniformly distributed loads. Previous analytical study focuses primarily on tensile membrane action in simply-supported slabs. This paper describes an analytical approach for membrane action in laterally-restrained square slabs....
-
Pavement ageing influence on tyre/road noise
PublikacjaRoad surface should be constructed in a way that ensures safe and comfortable traffic conditions, not only when it is newly paved but also during its entire lifetime. An important factor in the asphalt mixture design process is also the expected pavement durability and stability of pavement properties over time. In many countries, road surface starts to play a significant role in traffic noise reduction actions. Selecting a particular...
-
The use of GFRP tubes as load-bearing jackets in concrete-composite columns
PublikacjaThe paper presents the fields of applications of polymer composites in building structures. The use of composite glass fibre tubes is discussed in more detail. The laboratory methods used to test the mechanical properties of these pipes are presented. An original research program is presented, including six concrete-filled glass fibre tubes. The cylinders and columns made in this way were tested for their axial load capacity. Conclusions...
-
On the influence of the acceleration recording time on the calculation of impact severity indexes
PublikacjaThe paper concerns with the analysis of normative requirements pertaining to experimental setup of a crash test and its numerical modelling. An overview of parameters describing the collision of a vehicle with a road restraining system is presented. A short description of a concrete road safety barrier is presented. A brief description of numerical modelling procedures for crash tests is given as well. The parametric influence...
-
Numerical studies on the influence of selected construction features and road conditions on the performance of road cable barriers
PublikacjaCable barriers are commonly used on Polish roads, including motorways and local roads. Their main elements are pre-stressed wire ropes, which are usually anchored at two ends in concrete blocks buried in the soil. In this work numerical studies concerning the influence of selected construction features and parameters of the vehicle motion on the performance of cable barriers were performed. Numerical simulations are a useful tool...
-
Chained machine learning model for predicting load capacity and ductility of steel fiber–reinforced concrete beams
PublikacjaOne of the main issues associated with steel fiber–reinforced concrete (SFRC) beams is the ability to anticipate their flexural response. With a comprehensive grid search, several stacked models (i.e., chained, parallel) consisting of various machine learning (ML) algorithms and artificial neural networks (ANNs) were developed to predict the flexural response of SFRC beams. The flexural performance of SFRC beams under bending was...
-
Data-Driven Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete: A Critical Review
PublikacjaFiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) is extensively used in diverse structural engineering applications, and its mechanical properties are crucial for designing and evaluating its performance. The compressive, flexural, splitting tensile, and shear strengths of FRCs are among the most important attributes, which have been discussed more extensively than other properties. The accurate prediction of these properties, which are required...
-
Machine learning-based prediction of preplaced aggregate concrete characteristics
PublikacjaPreplaced-Aggregate Concrete (PAC) is a type of preplaced concrete where coarse aggregate is placed in the mold and a Portland cement-sand grout with admixtures is injected to fill the voids. Due to the complex nature of PAC, many studies were conducted to determine the effects of admixtures and the compressive and tensile strengths of PAC. Considering that a prediction tool is needed to estimate the compressive and tensile...
-
Field investigation of low-temperature cracking and stiffness moduli on selected roads with conventional and high modulus asphalt concrete
PublikacjaHigh Modulus Asphalt Concrete (HMAC) was introduced in Poland as a one of the solutions to the problem of rutting, type of deterioration common in the 1990s. After first encouraging trials in 2002 HMAC was widely used for heavily loaded national roads and motorways. However some concerns were raised about low-temperature cracking of HMAC. This was the main reason of the studies presented in this article were started. The article...
-
Stiffness of cold-recycled mixtures under variable deformation conditions in the IT-CY test
PublikacjaStiffness modulus belongs to the most important properties describing the cold-recycled mixtures (CRM) in terms of their usability in road pavement structures. Previous research proved that this property is strongly dependent on the scheme and conditions of the test (temperature and time of loading) and the time that has passed since the compaction of the specimen or pavement layer. It is a result of the influence of two different...
-
The Influence of Binding Agents on Stiffness of Mineral-cement-emulsion Mixtures
PublikacjaThis paper attempts to determine the behavior of mineral-cement-emulsion mixture (MCE) under load, whether is it similar to asphalt mixtures (viscoelastic behavior) or to cement treated materials (elastic behavior). To answer this question nine mineral- cement-emulsion mixtures with different combinations of cement and emulsion content were tested in laboratory using Simple Performance Test (SPT). For each mixture stiffness moduli...
-
Machine learning-based prediction of preplaced aggregate concrete characteristics
PublikacjaPreplaced-Aggregate Concrete (PAC) is a type of preplaced concrete where coarse aggregate is placed in the mold and a Portland cement-sand grout with admixtures is injected to fill the voids. Due to the complex nature of PAC, many studies were conducted to determine the effects of admixtures and the compressive and tensile strengths of PAC. Considering that a prediction tool is needed to estimate the compressive and tensile strengths...
-
The innovative approach for using pavement as a fire prevention measure in tunnels
PublikacjaThe paper consists of two main parts: first presents study regarding the typically used pavement structures in tunnels and the second part: the first fire trials of the poroelastic SEPOR (Safe, Eco-friendly POroelastic Road Surface) mixture which was designed to be used among other uses in tunnels. In the first part of the paper different pavement materials, such as cement concrete, asphalt concrete, stone mastic asphalt and porous...
-
GPR simulations for diagnostics of a reinforced concrete beam
PublikacjaThe most popular technique for modelling of an electromagnetic field, the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, has recently become a popular technique as an interpretation tool for ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements. The aim of this study is to detect the size and the position of damage in a reinforced concrete beam using GPR maps. Numerical simulations were carried out using the finite differ-ence time domain...
-
Lightweight structures in architecture: scenarios for the future
PublikacjaLightweight structures - structures with a reduced weight, which otherwise retain the qualities necessary for the building performance, ensuring a proper durability and strength, safety, indoor environmental quality and energy efficiency; stuctures which strive for the optimization of structural systems - are in tune with current trends and socio-economic, environmental and technological factors. The growing interest in the lightweight...
-
Effect of polymer fibres reinforcement on selected properties of asphalt mixtures
PublikacjaThe paper presents selected results of the research program concerning fibre reinforced asphalt concrete. Aramid-polyalphaolefin fibres was used in this study. Selected properties responsible for low temperature cracking and resistance to permanent deformation are presented in this paper. Low temperature cracking susceptibility was evaluated with the results obtained from bending test of rectangular beams with constant rate of...
-
Machine-learning methods for estimating compressive strength of high-performance alkali-activated concrete
PublikacjaHigh-performance alkali-activated concrete (HP-AAC) is acknowledged as a cementless and environmentally friendly material. It has recently received a substantial amount of interest not only due to the potential it has for being used instead of ordinary concrete but also owing to the concerns associated with climate change, sustainability, reduction of CO2 emissions, and energy consumption. The characteristics and amounts of the...
-
Noise Analysis of Continuous GPS Time Series of Selected EPN Stations to Investigate Variations in Stability of Monument Types
PublikacjaThe type of monument that a GPS antenna is placed on plays a significant role in noise estimation for each permanent GPS station. In this research 18 Polish permanent GPS stations that belong to the EPN (EUREF Permanent Network) were analyzed using Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). The antennae of Polish EPN stations are placed on roofs of buildings or on concrete pillars. The analyzed data covers a period of 5 years from 2008...
-
Methods of estimating the cost of traffic safety equipment’s life cycle
Publikacjan the article, the authors discuss the preliminary information necessary to determine the scope and direction of further research conducted within the project called “The influence of time and operating conditions on the durability and functionality of road safety elements”. The main objective of the project is to develop the concept of a method for optimizing the life cycle costs of road safety devices. The authors draw attention...
-
Wave propagation in damage assessment of ground anchors
PublikacjaThe inspection possibilities of ground anchors are limited to destructive test such as pull-out test. Guided wave propagation gives an opportunity to develop an inspection system dedicated to determine the condition of inspected element without violation of their integrity. In this paper the experimental study on wave propagation in laboratory models of ground anchors are presented. Experiments were conducted for different bonding...
-
DETECTION OF DEBONDING IN STEEL BARS EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE USING GUIDED WAVE PROPAGATION
PublikacjaThe paper presents a non-destructive diagnostic technique based on guided wave propagation phenomenon used to assess the adhesive bonding between a steel bar and a concrete cover. Double-layered cylindrical specimens with different levels of debonding and its location were investigated. The influence of bonding length on the excitation of multiple modes of longitudinal guided waves was analysed. Numerical simulations of guided...
-
Numerical modeling of GPR field in damage detection of a reinforced concrete footbridge
PublikacjaThe paper presents a study on the use of the ground penetrating radar (GPR) method in diagnostics of a footbridge. It contains experimental investigations and numerical analyses of the electromagnetic field propagation using the finite difference time domain method (FDTD). The object of research was a reinforced concrete footbridge over a railway line. The calculations of the GPR field propagation were performed on a selected cross-section...
-
Analysis of load carrying capacity and destruction mechanism of an intermediate anchorage steel plate for pillar jib crane
PublikacjaPillar jib cranes are often mounted to existing floors with the use of an intermediate anchorage steel plate instead of using independent foundations, what is shown in the figure. Standards for steel design provide only basic rules for the design of such an intermediate plate. This study presents a simple design approach by using a numerical model in order to analyze different parameters that have significant influence in the anchorage...
-
Experimental Study of Dapped-End Beams Subjected to Inclined Load
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the reinforced concrete (RC) dapped-end beams loaded with inclined forces, compared to identical ones loaded with vertical forces only. Such a load may occur in, for example, Gerber's joints or in dapped-end beams supported on corbels, where the vertical gravitation force is additionally completed with horizontal forces caused by temperature differences, shrinking,...
-
Improvement of the load capacity of the road overpass as a result of repairs after breakage caused by vehicle impacts
PublikacjaDamage of spans of the overpass caused by impact of underpassing vehicles are a frequent case. Objects that use prefabricated load-bearing elements that are not designed for such impacts are particularly exposed. After impact, such parts suffer extensive damage that need repair. Taking advantages of this recovery actions it is worth to perform strengthening that will protect object against possible future impacts. In this study...