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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: differentiated srvices
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Behavior of residual current devices at frequencies up to 50 kHz
PublikacjaThe use of residual current devices (RCDs) is obligatory in many types of low-voltage circuits. They are devices that ensure protection against electric shock in the case of indirect contact and may ensure additional protection in the case of direct contact. For the latter purpose of protection, only RCDs of a rated residual operating current not exceeding 30 mA are suitable. Unfortunately, modem current-using equipment supplied...
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Integrated information and prediction Web Service WaterPUCK General concept
PublikacjaIn this paper, general concept of a new method as ‘Integrated information and prediction Web Service WaterPUCK’ for investigation influence of agricultural holdings and land-use structures on coastal waters of the southern Baltic Sea is presented. WaterPUCK Service is focused on determination of the current and future environmental status of the surface water and groundwater located in the Puck District (Poland) and its impact...
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The Multiplatform Environment for Simulation and Features Estimation of Mixed-Signal Devices
PublikacjaThe use of simulation laboratories is gaining popularity in thedomains of engineering programs. However, the experience in teaching showsthat the simulation itself is not very effective in didactic processes. Teachingprocesses in thefield of specialist subjects, designed for students of technicaluniversities, should be based on direct operations performed by the student onreal devices. At the same time, at the later stages of didactic...
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Remarks on the Subject of Back-Up Protection of Residual Current Devices
PublikacjaResidual current devices without integral overcurrent protection (RCCBs) are back-up protected by fuses or miniature circuit-breakers (MCBs). If the latter are used, special attention must be given to the coordination between an RCCB and an MCB. This paper indicates probable cases of the aforementioned devices coordination, in which back-up protection of the RCCB is not adequate. A laboratory test has shown that depending on the...
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Criteria for evaluation and selection of the best offer for the Contract Engineer service
PublikacjaThe purpose of the legal regulations regarding public procurement in EU countries is to ensure effective funds' spending. When assessing and selecting the best offer, the contracting entities have at their disposal many different criteria, including non-price criteria. Their proper selection and application is necessary to ensure the high quality of the ordered product, delivery or service. Making an order for intellectual services,...
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Supraglottic airway devices as a method of airway management in prehospital setting
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Practical application of in motion charging: Trolleybuses service on bus lines
PublikacjaNight charging and fast charging are currently the two most common systems for charging electric buses. Despite the fact that numerous trial installations were started, neither of these two systems has obtained unqualified approval of the users. The alternative is to charge vehicles in motion (the so-called In Motion Charging), which combines the advantages of trolleybus transport and of electric buses: the main supply source are...
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Mobile devices and computing cloud resources allocation for interactive applications
PublikacjaUsing mobile devices such as smartphones or iPads for various interactive applications is currently very common. In the case of complex applications, e.g. chess games, the capabilities of these devices are insufficient to run the application in real time. One of the solutions is to use cloud computing. However, there is an optimization problem of mobile device and cloud resources allocation. An iterative heuristic algorithm for...
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Analysis of ship's magnetic field with consideration of inner ferromagnetic devices
PublikacjaThis paper presents computer simulations of ship’s magnetic signatures. The influence of ship’s inner ferromagnetic devices on the signature was presented. The magnetic fields of the ship’s model were calculated in Opera 3D 18R2. The model was built from thin plates. The new, thin plate boundary condition was introduced on all ship’s surfaces.
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Interactive Application for Visualization of the Basic Phenomena in RF and Microwave Devices
PublikacjaAn interactive computer application visualizing the basic phenomena in RF and microwave devices is presented. Such kind of educational package can be a very helpful tool for the students as well as for the teachers (of electronics and related fields). This paper is focused on three exemplary problems only and involves: movement of electric charge, filtering of electromagnetic waves and interference phenomena in antenna arrays. The...
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Nonreciprocal Devices Utilizing Longitudinally Magnetized Ferrite Coupled Lines
PublikacjaThis chapter presents authors’ recent research on the nonreciprocal devices utilizing longitudinally magnetized ferrite coupled line (FCL) junction. The principle of operation of FCL junction is explained and the hybrid techniques of analysis are shown. Numerical and experimental results concerning the nonreciprocal devices utilizing the different configurations of FCL junctions are presented and discussed.
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WIKI-WS as a C2 NIWA Web Service Management Platform
PublikacjaThe Wiki-WS platform was implemented within the C2 NIWA project for production purposes. Wiki-WS stands for developing, managing and maintaining web services. The production deployment needed implementation of several functional improvements and establishing a strong security 7 safety policy. The WikiWS platform has to be used as an educational environmement for developing web sevices and production environment for execution of...
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The properties of reduced Bi-Ge-O glasses for thermoelectric devices
PublikacjaThe bismuth-germanate glasses have been investigated to examine their applicability for thermoelectric devices. In order to increase their electrical conductivity, the 25Bi2O3–75GeO2 glass samples have been reduced at 340-380°C for 10 hours in hydrogen. It has been shown that such heat treatment in H2 leads to the reduction of metal ions Bi3+ and Ge4+ into neutral atoms and the formation of metal grains both in an amorphous glass...
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The properties of reduced Ge-Sb-O glasses for thermoelectric devices
PublikacjaThe structural and electrical properties of germanium-antimonate glasses after heat treatment in hydrogen have been determined. In the case of 50GeO2-50Sb2O3 glass reduced at 340°C even for less than 1 hour a continuous layer of antimony granules is formed and its electrical properties determine the surface conductivity of the reduced sample. The bulk electrical conductivity at 100°C of this sample was determined as 1000 Scm-1...
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The effect of current delay angle on tripping of residual current devices
PublikacjaPower electronics converters applied in domestic or similar installations may utilize current delay (phase) angle control to change the level of transferred power. Due to application of such types of converters, earth fault current in the installation may be strongly distorted. The current distortion level depends on a value of current delay angle. This delay angle also influences the tripping threshold of residual current devices....
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Behavior of the exhaust valve cladding face under the service conditions
PublikacjaPodczas eksploatacji silnika okrętowego kluczowym problemem jest trwałośc zaworów wylotowych a w szczególności wąskiego fragmentu - przylgni grzybka zaworu, która decyduje o szczelności zaworu.Przylgnia wykonana przez laserowe napawanie stopu kobaltu została poddana badaniom w warunkach normalnej eksploatacji silnika L22 przez 2 lata. W tym czasi silnik był zasilany zarówno paliwem lekkim jak i biopaliwem. Po zdemontowaniu głowicy...
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Low-temperature processing of thin-film electrolyte for electrochemical devices.
PublikacjaPrzygowanie filmów elektrolitu jest jednym z najbardziej istotnych procesów technologicznych wytworzenia urządzeń elektrochemicznych takich jak ogniwa paliwowe. Zmniejszenie grubości filmu jest powiązane ze zmniejszeniem rezystancji elektrolitu, co bardzo korzystnie wpływa na wydajność ogniw paliwowych. W pracy tej przedstawiono niskotemperaturową (<1000C) metodę wytwarzenia filmów elektrolitu z tlenku cyrkonu stabilizowanego itrem...
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Hybrid inductance-thyristor short-circuit current limiting devices
PublikacjaDla wartości prądu w gałęzi w której zainstalowane jest urządzenie jest mniejsza od prądu w dławiku urządzenia, dławik jest zwarty gałęzią z tyrystorem. Impedancja bieguna urządzenia hybrydowego jest praktycznie równa zero. W chwili wzrostu prądu w gałęzi z urządzeniem ograniczającym ponad tę wartość, do obwodu głównego wtrącona zostaje impedancja kolejno dwóch dławików, ograniczając bezzwłocznie dynamikę i amplitudę prądu zwarciowego....
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Application of residual current devices in electrical installations with frequency converters
PublikacjaW instalacjach elektrycznych, w których znajdują się przemienniki częstotliwości mogą pojawić się prądy zwarcia doziemnego o różnej częstotliwości lub stałe. Większość wyłączników różnicowoprądowych nie reaguje na tego typu prądy, co powoduje, że ochrona przeciwporażeniowa jest nieskuteczna. W obwodach z przemiennikami częstotliwości mogą pojawiać się przejściowe i ustalone prądy upływowe o znacznych wartościach. Prądy te znacząco...
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General Guidelines for the Selection and Use of Filtering Respiratory Protective Devices
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Performance of Noise Map Service Working in Cloud Computing Environment
PublikacjaIn the paper a noise map service designated for the user interested in environmental noise subject is presented. It is based on cloud computing. Noise prediction algorithm and source model, developed for creating acoustic maps, are working in cloud computing environment. In the study issues related to noise modeling of sound propagation in urban spaces are discussed with a special focus on road noise. Examples of results obtained...
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Towards Safety Case Integration with Hazard Analysis for Medical Devices
PublikacjaSafety case is one of system safety lifecycle products and should be consistent with other lifecycle products like hazard analysis results. In this paper we present a method of safety case integration with hazard tables based on the use of parametrized argument patterns. We describe a hazard table metamodel, a safety argument pattern and a mechanism of pattern instantiation using a linking table which represents references to system...
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Using FreeFEM open software for modelling the vibrations of piezoelectric devices
PublikacjaModelling vibrations of piezoelectric transducers has been a topic discussed in the literature for many decades. The first models - so-called one-dimensional - describe the vibrations only near operating frequency and near its harmonics. Attempts to introduce two-dimensional models were related to the possibility of one transducer working at several frequencies, including both thickness vibrations and those resulting from the transducer...
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Time-current tripping curves of arc fault detection devices
PublikacjaTripping curves of arc fault detection devices, in accordance with PN-EN 62606 “General requirements for arc fault detection devices” have been presented in the paper. Consequently the most fundamental differences in arc fault detection devices tripping compared to circuit-breakers and residual current devices have been indicated.
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Towards Digital Anti-Corruption Typology for Public Service Delivery
PublikacjaDigital anti-corruption refers to a family of digital technology tools that are used to fight corruption. Many such tools have not performed well in practice due to their non-alignment with forms of corruption they are supposed to fight against and persistence of corruption-enabling conditions. The aim of this paper is to contribute to filling this gap by offering a typology of digital anti-corruption in public service delivery...
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Assessment of Environmental Loads in the Life Cycle of a Retail and Service Building
PublikacjaIn order to achieve the European Union’s climate and energy goals, investments are required, mainly in the areas of energy efficiency, renewable energy sources and infrastructure. Buildings are responsible for almost half of total energy consumption, and nearly 80% of them are energy and ecologically inefficient. The policy of European countries is increasingly more focused on facilities with the highest potential in the areas...
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Structure of the SME sector by economy sectors in Poland and the EU-28
Dane BadawczeEurostat data show that almost 75% of SMEs in Poland are trade and services, and every seventh enterprise conducts activities related to construction, and every eight - in industry. Comparing the industry structure of Polish companies with the structure of enterprises operating in EU countries, it should be noted that we are characterized by a greater...
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Characteristics of Emergencies in the Workplace from the Perspective of the Emergency Medical Services: A 4-Year Case-Control Study
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Improving methods to calculate the loss of ecosystem services provided by urban trees using LiDAR and aerial orthophotos
PublikacjaIn this paper we propose a methodology for combining remotely sensed data with field measurements to assess selected tree parameters (diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree species) required by the i-Tree Eco model to estimate ecosystem services (ES) provided by urban trees. We determined values of ES provided by trees in 2017 in Racibórz (a city in South Poland) and estimated the loss of ES from January 1, 2017 to March 5, 2017,...
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From user satisfaction to customer loyalty: addressing economic values in user-centered design of on-line services
Publikacjaartykuł omawia czynniki ekonomiczne wpływające na satysfakcję użytkownika w usługach on-line, a zwłaszcza te, które wpłacają w dłuższej perspektywie na kształtowanie lojalności klienta w stosunku do dostawcy określonych usług on-line. Przeprowadzono oceny eksperckie oraz badania z udziałem użytkowników, które pozwoliły na wskazanie preferencji użytkowników odnośnie czynników ekonomicznych. wykazano, że czynnikiem krytycznych dla...
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Rozproszone usługi obliczeniowe na klastrach TASK z dostępem przez WWW i Web Services.
PublikacjaArtykuł omawia architekturę i doświadczenia wstępnych faz specyfikacji wymagań i analizy projektu, który umożliwi zdalne wykorzystanie równoległych klastrów i/lub superkomputerów sieci TASK przez użytkowników z rozproszonych geograficznie lokalizacji. System zapewni dotychczasowym i nowym użytkownikom klastrów i superkomputerów TASK zdalne uruchamianie i zarządzanie aplikacjami, bibliotekami równoległymi i sekwencyjnymi poprzez...
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Forecast of basic fuel prices in imports to Poland (constant prices in USD in 2007)
Dane BadawczeThis dataset presents price growth forecasts for conventional energy sources. It should be noted that the Ministry of Economy forecasts a more than two-fold increase in oil prices (although these forecasts may be greatly underestimated) over 23 years, an almost two-fold increase in natural gas prices and a 40% increase in coal prices.
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Data on LEGO sets release dates and worldwide retail prices combined with aftermarket transaction prices in Poland between June 2018 and June 2023
PublikacjaThe dataset contains LEGO bricks sets item count and pricing history for AI-based set pricing prediction. The data spans the timeframe from June 2018 to June 2023. The data was obtained from three sources: Brickset.com (LEGO sets retail prices, release dates, and IDs), Lego.com official web page (ID number of each set that was released by Lego, its retail prices, the current status of the set) and promoklocki.pl web page (the retail...
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Bimolecular excited species in optical emission from organic electroluminescent devices
PublikacjaW pracy dokonano przeglądu dwu-molekularnych stanów wzbudzonych emitujących światło (ekscymery, ekscypleksy, elektromery, elektropleksy) w organicznych diodach EL
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Investigations of nonreciprocal devices employing cylindrical ferrite coupled line junction
PublikacjaArtykuł opisuje wykorzystanie cylindrycznej sekcji ferrytowych linii sprzężonych do realizacji układów niewzajemnych. W artykule opisano proces projektowy izolatora ferrytowego wykorzystującego badaną sekcję oraz planarne układy zasilające. Uzyskane z symulacji wyniki zostały zweryfikowane eksperymentalnie.
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Quality assessments of electrochromic devices: the possibleuse of 1/f current noise
PublikacjaElementy wykorzystujące zjawisko elektrochromizmu, potrafiące zmieniać przezroczystość za pomocą ładowania/rozładowania ładunkiem elektrycznym, wykonano na bazie laminatów pokrytych porowatą strukturą tlenków Ni oraz tlenków Wi-V. Oba laminaty, na które naniesiono przewodzącą warstwę In2O3, przedzielono warstwą elektrolitu. Obserwowano szumy typu 1/f w prądzie I płynącym w trakcie rozładowywania urządzenia. Gęstość widmowa mocy...
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Operational loads of power systems of bucket dredgers in main service states
PublikacjaW artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań eksploatacyjnych silników spalinowych układów energetycznych pogłębiarek wieloczerpakowych. Badania dotyczyły obciążeń silników głównych i pomocniczych w podstawowych stanach eksploatacji pogłębiarki wieloczerpakowej.
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New Thiophene Imines Acting as Hole Transporting Materials in Photovoltaic Devices
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Neural Networks in the Diagnostics Process of Low-Power Solar Plant Devices
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Reliability Testing of Wind Farm Devices Based on the Mean Time to Failures
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Experiences from operation of various expansion devices in small scale ORC
PublikacjaThe main aim of this paper was to present various expansion devices for an application in the small scale ORC system. The investigations were carried out in two parallel directions. One direction was to design and construct a device dedicated to the analyzed ORC system. The second direction was to adapt existing expansion devices for the needs of the analyzed ORC system. Four various devices were described and presented together...
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Medical Students' Voluntary Service During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland
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Quality of Service in ASON/GMPLS Network with Hierarchical Control Plane Structure
PublikacjaThe paper presents the problem of quality of service for hierarchical control plane structure of Automatically Switched Optical Network (ASON) utilizing Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS). The approach is implemented to control the multidomain network with required quality of service, in a use case of incomplete domain network information. The authors examine different factors, including resource reservation algorithms...
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Silicon Oxycarbide-Graphite Electrodes for High-Power Energy Storage Devices
PublikacjaHerein we present a study on polymer-derived silicon oxycarbide (SiOC)/graphite composites for a potential application as an electrode in high power energy storage devices, such as Lithium-Ion Capacitor (LIC). The composites were processed using high power ultrasound-assisted sol-gel synthesis followed by pyrolysis. The intensive sonication enhances gelation and drying process, improving the homogenous distribution of the graphitic...
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Wideband Signal Generation for Jamming Radio-Controlled Improvised Explosive Devices
PublikacjaThis paper focuses on modelling operation of a wideband jamming signal generator, considering the effects present in real device which influence the shape of transmitted signal’s spectrum. Introduction is followed by a brief overview of AEGIS project, aim of which is to develop a mobile generator of electromagnetic curtain. Next, simulation model is described which includes the factors...
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Optimization of Train Energy Cooperation Using Scheduled Service Time Reserve
PublikacjaThe main aim of the paper was to develop an innovative approach to the preliminary estimation possibility of train energy cooperation based on data from timetables, without traction calculations. The article points out the need to strive for sustainable and environmentally friendly transport. It was pointed out that rail transport using electric traction is one of the more ecological branches of transport. It also offers a number...
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Comparative Analysis of Reactive Power Compensation Devices in a Real Electric Substation
PublikacjaA constant worldwide growing load stress over a power system compelled the practice of a reactive power injection to ensure an efficient power network. For this purpose, multiple technologies exist in the knowledge market out of which this paper emphasizes the usage of the flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) and presents a comparative study of the static var compensator (SVC) with the static synchronous compensator...
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Study on VR Application Efficiency of Selected Android OS Mobile Devices
PublikacjaCurrently, the number of scenarios for using VR (Virtual Reality) technology grows every year. Yet, there are still issues associated with it, related with the performance of the mobile device itself. The aim of this work is to perform an analysis of the effectiveness of virtual reality applications in case of mobile platforms. We put the main emphasis on examining the performance and efficiency of four different hardware and software...
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Behavior of residual current devices at earth fault currents with DC component
PublikacjaLow-voltage electrical installations are increasingly saturated with power electronic converters. Due to very high popularity of photovoltaic (PV) installations and the spread of electric vehicles (EV) as well as their charging installations, DC–AC and AC–DC converters are often found in power systems. The transformerless coupling of AC and DC systems via power electronic converters means that an electrical installation containing...
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Forms of expressing anger in hospitalised Ukrainian post-deployed™ service members
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