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Search results for: dissolved inorganic nitrogen
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A new approach to designing control of dissolved oxygen and aeration system in sequencing batch reactor by applied backstepping control algorithm
PublicationThe Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) is a very complex system, due to its nonlinearity, time-variance, and multiple time scales in its dynamics among others. The most important control parameter in a WWTP is the Dissolved Oxygen (DO) concentration. The tracking problem of the DO concentration is one of the most fundamental issues in biological wastewater treatment. Proper DO concentration control is necessary to achieve adequate...
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Nitrogen pathways during sewage treatment in constructed wetlands in temporary climate
PublicationThe objectives of this paper is to estimate the role and quantity of the unit process responsible for removal or/and retention of nitrogen in different types of constructed wetlands in vegetation season and outside vegetation season. To estimate the role of the plant two objects inhabited one with willow and the other with reed were selected to assessment. Among anthers it was indicated that the concentrations of contamination...
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Nitrogen-Doped Diamond Film for Optical Investigation of Hemoglobin Concentration
PublicationIn this work we present the fabrication and characterization of a diamond film which can be utilized in the construction of optical sensors for the investigation of biological samples. We produced a nitrogen-doped diamond (NDD) film using a microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MWPECVD) system. The NDD film was investigated with the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman...
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Combined effect of nitrogen-doped functional groups and porosity of porous carbons on electrochemical performance of supercapacitors
PublicationIn this work, nitrogen-doped porous carbons obtained from chitosan, gelatine, and green algae were investigated in their role as supercapacitor electrodes. The effects of three factors on electrochemical performance have been studied— of the specific surface area, functional groups, and a porous structure. Varying nitrogen contents (from 5.46 to 10.08 wt.%) and specific surface areas (from 532 to 1095 m2g−1) were obtained by modifying...
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Role of nitrogen in optical and electrical band gaps of hydrogenated/hydrogen free carbon nitride film
PublicationWe report the optical and electrical band gap energy of amorphous hydrogenated carbon nitride (a-HCNx) and carbon nitride (a-CNx) as a function of nitrogen concentration (N/C). The optical band gap of a-HCNx and a-CNx films has been determined by means of Ellipsometry and UV-VIS. Both optical and electrical band gaps increase with elevated nitrogen concentration. Experimentally obtained electrical band gap is compared with the...
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Biomass-Derived Nitrogen Functionalized Carbon Nanodots and Their Anti-Biofouling Properties
PublicationThe prevalence of the antibiotic resistant bacteria remains a global issue. Cheap, sustainable and multifunctional antibacterial membranes are at the forefront of filtrating materials capable of treating multiple flow streams, such as water cleansing treatments. Carbon nanomaterials are particularly interesting objects shown to enhance antibacterial properties of composite materials. In this article, amino-functionalized, photoluminescent...
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Application of mechanistic and data-driven models for nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment systems
PublicationIn this dissertation, the application of mechanistic and data-driven models in nitrogen removal systems including nitrification and deammonification processes was evaluated. In particular, the influential parameters on the activity of the Nitrospira activity were assessed using response surface methodology (RSM). Various long-term biomass washout experiments were operated in two parallel sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with a different...
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Effect of Functionalization of Reduced Graphene Oxide Coatings with Nitrogen and Sulfur Groups on Their Anti-Corrosion Properties
PublicationElectrophoretic production of anticorrosion carbonaceous coatings on copper could be successfully performed by anodic oxidation of negatively charged graphene platelets suspended in an aqueous solution. The various platelets were synthesized by Hummer’s method followed by a hydrothermal reduction in the presence of NH4SCN which was expected to substitute some parts of graphene structure with nitrogen and sulfur groups. X-ray photoelectron...
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MODELING THE pH EFFECTS ON NITROGEN REMOVAL IN THE ANAMMOX-ENRICHED GRANULAR SLUDGE
PublicationThe aim of the study was to determine the pH effects on nitrogen removal in the anammox-enriched 10 granular sludge. The experimental data were extracted from a 4L completely-mixed batch reactor with the 11 granular sludge at different initial pH values (6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, 10, 10.5) and constant temperature 12 T=30℃. Simulations were run in GPS-X 6.4 using a comprehensive mechanistic model Mantis2. Two 13 kinetic parameters,...
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Modeling the pH effects on nitrogen removal in the anammox-enriched granular sludge
PublicationThe aim of the study was to determine the pH effects on nitrogen removal in the anammox-enriched granular sludge. The experimental data were extracted from a 4L completely-mixed batch reactor with the granular sludge at different initial pH values (6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, 10, 10.5) and constant temperature T=30℃. Simulations were run in GPS-X 6.4 using a comprehensive mechanistic model Mantis2. Two kinetic parameters, including...
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Coupling transformation of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur in a long-term operated full-scale constructed wetland
PublicationThe coupling transformation of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur compounds has been studied in lab-scale and pilot-scale constructed wetlands (CWs), but few studies investigated full-scale CW. In this study, we used batch experiments to investigate the potentials of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur transformation in a long-term operated, full-scale horizontal subsurface flow wetland. The sediments collected from the HSFW were incubated for...
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Mathematical Modeling of Dissolved Matter Transport with Biodegradation in Activated-Sludge Systems
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono problem matematycznego modelowania transportu substancji rozpuszczonej z biodegradacją w systemach z osadem czynnym. Przedstawione zostały główne równania opisujące proces transportu adwekcyjno-dyspersyjnego wraz z modelem biokinetycznym ASM2d, opisującym procesy przemian pod wpływem osadu czynnego. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki symulacji numerycznych odtwarzających testy laboratoryjne przeprowadzone w nieprzepływowych...
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Solid-Phase Microextraction for the Determination of Inorganic Ions: Applications and Possibilities
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Immobilization of Pb and Cu by organic and inorganic amendments in contaminated soil
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Impacts of inorganic/organic pollutants on agroecosystems and eco-friendly solutions
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Reduced graphene oxide and inorganic nanoparticles composites – synthesis and characterization
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Manufacture of photovoltaic cells with hybrid organic–inorganic bulk heterojunction
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Salt melt synthesis of curved nitrogen-doped carbon nanostructures: ORR kinetics boost
PublicationImplementing metal-free electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and revealing crucial chemical or topographical parameters driving their activity are vital for the development of power cells. The carbon-based catalysts are very often synthesized through carbonization of biopolymers, in particular, those one containing nitrogen groups such as chitosan. Unfortunately, the resulting carbonaceous materials usually...
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Electrocatalytic nitrogen dioxide sensor.
PublicationOpisano konstrukcję i właściwości elektrokatalitycznego czujnika gazów na bazie domieszkowanego samarem tlenku ceru. Pomiary przeprowadzono w mieszaninie syntetycznego powietrza i dwutlenku azotu. Kształt odpowiedzi prądowo - napięciowej zależy od stężenia NO2.
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An advanced synergy of partial denitrification-anammox for optimizing nitrogen removal from wastewater: A review
PublicationAnammox is a widely adopted process for energy-efficient removal of nitrogen from wastewater, but challenges with NOB suppression and NO3− accumulation have led to a deeper investigation of this process. To address these issues, the synergy of partial denitrification and anammox (PD-anammox) has emerged as a promising solution for sustainable nitrogen removal in wastewater. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent developments...
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Role of nitrogen in evolution of sp2/sp3 bonding and optical band gap in hydrogenated carbon nitride
PublicationDrastic changes in the bonding are found in amorphous hydrogenated carbon nitride (a-CNx:H) film as a function of nitrogen concentration (or N/C ratio). The total C-sp3 fraction and hardness shows a sharp decrease (at N/C = 0.40) whereas optical band gap and resistivity shows a gradual increase as nitrogen concentration increases from 0.07 to 0.58. Raman spectrum of a-CNx:H film is fitted with both Gaussian (integrated intensity...
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Influence of composition of raw wastewater on removal of nitrogen compounds in multistage treatment wetlands
PublicationInfluence of composition of raw wastewater on the efficiency of organic matter and nitrogen removal in multistage treatment wetlands has been examined. Commonly used indicators, like COD/BOD5 and BOD5/TN ratio, determining wastewater susceptibility to biodegradation in conventional treatment technologies were assessed. It was confirmed that multistage treatment wetland may be used for treatment of wastewater with high loads of...
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Temperature Impact of Nitrogen Transformation in Technological System: Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland and Polishing Pond
PublicationThe article describes the results of the research, purpose of which was to evaluate influence of the temperature on the effectiveness of nitrification and denitrification in the sewage treatment system consisting of vertical flow constructed wetland and polishing pond. During the analysed period, the efficiency of removing total nitrogen was low and amounted to 12.7%. In the polishing pond in the summer period, content of total...
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Nitrogen-Incorporated Boron-Doped Nanocrystalline Diamond Nanowires for Microplasma Illumination
PublicationThe origin of nitrogen-incorporated boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond (NB-NCD) nanowires as a function of substrate temperature (Ts) in H2/CH4/B2H6/N2 reactant gases is systematically addressed. Because of Ts, there is a drastic modification in the dimensional structure and microstructure and hence in the several properties of the NB-NCD films. The NB-NCD films grown at low Ts (400 °C) contain faceted diamond grains. The morphology...
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Sources and composition of chemical pollution in Maritime Antarctica (King George Island), part 2: Organic and inorganic chemicals in snow cover at the Warszawa Icefield
PublicationThe study area is located on King George Island, where 90% of the area is permanently glaciated. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the inorganic and organic chemistry of snow cover in the icefield and a comparison against previous results obtained in fresh water. Snow samples were collected in the summer of 2017 in the Warszawa Icefield area. Sampling points are located along two transects: between the Arctowski Polish...
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The effect of nitrogen on the structure and thermal properties of beryllium-containing Na-(Li)-Si-O-N glasses
PublicationTwo oxynitride glass series with the composition of 35Na2O-5BeO-(60-x)SiO2-xSi3N4 and 9Li2O- 27Na2O-5BeO-(59-x)SiO2-xSi3N4, were prepared. The glasses' topography and structure were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The composition was analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer, SEM-EDS and nitrogen and oxygen elemental analyzer. Na-(Li)-Be-silicate glasses were found to contain...
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Fabrication and photoactivity of organic-inorganic systems based on titania nanotubes and PEDOT containing redox centres formed by different Prussian Blue analogues
PublicationHerein, the heterojunction composed of an inorganic substrate: ordered hydrogenated titania nanotubes (H-TiO2NTs) and a deposited organic film: poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is reported. The conducting polymer is modified with different transition metal haxacyanoferrates (Mehcf), wherein as metal: copper, iron, cobalt and nickel are introduced. The presence of various metal centres provides characteristic redox activity...
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Influence of dissolved organic matter in natural and simulated water on the photochemical decomposition of butylparaben
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Do we need a catalyst in the determination of dissolved organic carbon in environmental samples?
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Interactions of dissolved dsDNA with intercalating drug by anodic voltammetry and spectroscopy. Influence of pH
PublicationOddziaływanie związku przeciwnowotworowego C-1305 z DNA było badane przy pomocy impulsowej voltametrii różnicowej oraz spektroskopii UV/Vis. Triazoloakrydon C-1305 oddziałuje z DNA na dwóch drogach: przez interkalacje pomiedzy pary zasad oraz przez wiązanie sie w małym rowku helisy. W fizjologicznym pH (7,4) stałe wiązania wynoszą: K1=3,36E+5 i K2=0,18E+5 [1/M] a wielkość miejsca wiązania: n1=2,5 i n2=4,0, odpowiednio dla pierwszego...
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Nitrogen mass balance and mathematical model of a Structured- Bed Reactor (SBRRIA)
PublicationAn up-flow structured-bed reactor subjected to recirculation and intermittent aeration (SBRRIA) was operated under varying influent conditions. The influent COD/N ratio was adjusted by maintaining a stable organic loading rate (average of 1.07 kgCOD m-3 d-1) and changing the nitrogen loading rate from 0.1 to 0.4 kg N m-3. Therefore, three different COD/N ratios were tested: 9.7±1 (Scenario 1); 7.6±1 (Scenario 2) and 2.9±1 (Scenario...
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Investigation of the Electrokinetic Properties of Paraffin Suspension. 1. In Inorganic Electrolyte Solutions
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Influence of inorganic fillers on the degradation of polypropylene membranes during membrane distillation
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Assessment of atmospheric inorganic pollution in the urban region of Gdańsk, Northern Poland
PublicationProjekt wykonano w przemysłowej części Gdańska w celu zidentyfikowania głównych źródeł zanieczyszczeń. Próbki suchego oraz żywego (w hodowli hydroponicznej) mchu eksponowano równolegle w celu określenia ich właściwości kumulacji w aspekcie badań biomonitoringowych. Analizę chemiczną składu próbek mchu wykonano dzięki zastosowaniu techniki aktywacji neutronowej i reaktorze badawczym w Delft (Holandia). Uzyskane wyniki wskazują,...
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Inorganic pollutants deposition in Gdańsk Region in relation to the critical load cencept
PublicationBadano depozycję kwaśnych zanieczyszczeń poprzez pomiar stężenia siarczanów, azotanów, azotu amonowego w opadach atmosferycznych zbieranych na terenie stacji monitoringowej w leśnictwie Stara Piła. Wyznaczono depozycję suchą i mokrą. Wyniki uzyskane w okresie od 1994 do 2001 roku porównano z krytycznym ładunkiem dla siarki i azotu określonym dla rejonu gdańskiego.
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Application of analytical procedure based on accelerated solvent extraction and ion chromatography technique for determination of thiocyanate and other inorganic ions in human placenta samples
PublicationExposure of a pregnant woman during pregnancy is a special case of exposure to toxic substances. Samples of placenta collected for the studies had been prepared with the technique of accelerated solvent extraction and later analyzed for the presence of thiocyanate ion and other inorganic ions, with the use of the technique of ion chromatography. The concentration of thiocyanate ion in placenta samples collected from active smokers...
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Photoelectrochemical characterization of nitrogen-modified TiO2
PublicationTrzy próbki tlenku tytanu(IV) o różnej zawartości azotu i różnych właściwościach fotokatalitycznych zostały wybrane do charakterystyki fotoelektrochemicznej. Efektem finalnym jest określenie położenia pasma wzbronionego i pasma przewodzenia w otrzymanych półprzewodnikach.
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Potential and limits of landfill leachate treatment in a multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetland – evaluation of organics and nitrogen removal
PublicationConstructed wetlands have potential of treating wastewater of poor biodegradability. The performance of a multistage sub-surface flow wetland treating municipal landfill leachate was assessed during three years of operation. During the study three research periods with different operation conditions were established. The hydralic loads, operation mode of vertical flow beds and type of treated wastewater (raw leachate – leachate...
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Removal of organic matter and nitrogen in an horizontalsubsurface flow (HSSF) constructed wetland undertransient loads
PublicationA monitoring campaign in a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland under the influence of transient loads of flow-rate, organic matter, nitrogen and suspended solids showed an irregular removal of COD and TSS and lower both removal efficiencies and mass removal rates than the ones observed in other studies for similar operating conditions. This circumstance is associated to the presence of large amount of particulate organic...
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Optical emission spectroscopy study for nitrogen–acetylene–argon and nitrogen–acetylene–helium 100 kHz and dc discharges
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Near-Infrared-Triggered Nitrogen Fixation over Upconversion Nanoparticles Assembled Carbon Nitride Nanotubes with Nitrogen Vacancies
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Fabrication of anti-corrosion nitrogen doped graphene oxide coatings by electrophoretic deposition
PublicationThis work assesses anti-corrosion properties of graphene and N-doped graphene coatings deposited on copper by an electrophoretic method. Graphene oxide (GO) precursor was synthesized by an improved Hummers' method, whereas N-doping was performed hydrothermally in the presence of ammonia. After nitrogenation, doped graphene oxide samples (NGO) contained a reduced amount of oxygen and about 9% w/w nitrogen as pyridinic, pyrrole,...
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Respiration rate estimation for model predictive control of dissolved oxygen in wastewater treatment plant
PublicationRespiration rate is very important parameter for biological processes in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The sequential algorithm for estimate the respiration rate is proposed and investigated. The Kalman filter (KF) is used. Simulation tests for the benchmark WWTP are presented.Respiracja jest bardzo ważnym parametrem dla prawidłowego przebiegu procesów biologicznych w oczyszczalni ścieków. W artykule przedstawiono i zbadano...
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Genetic Hybrid Predictive Controller for Optimized Dissolved-Oxygen Tracking at Lower Control Level
PublicationA hierarchical two-level controller for dissolvedoxygenreference trajectory tracking in activated sludge processeshas been recently developed and successfully validated on a realwastewater treatment plant. The upper level control unit generatestrajectories of the desired airflows to be delivered by theaeration system to the aerobic zones of the biological reactor. Anonlinear model predictive control algorithm is applied to designthis...
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Novel hierarchical nonlinear control algorithm to improve dissolved oxygen control in biological WWTP
PublicationWastewater treatment is a problem known to humankind for centuries. The quality of treated sewage determines the condition of reservoirs around the world. Control of such a complex and nonlinear system as a wastewater treatment plant requires thorough knowledge of the process. The paper presents a hierarchical control system of a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) in Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) taking into account a model based...
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Influence of hydrochloric acid concentration and type of nitrogen source on the electrochemical performance of TiO2/N-MoS2 for energy storage applications
PublicationIn this work, nitrogen-doped molybdenum sulfide was directly deposited on titanium dioxide nanotubes substrate (TiO2/N-MoS2) during hydrothermal synthesis. The study focuses on the influence of hydrochloric acid concentration used for the synthesis, with the results indicating its essential role in thioacetamide hydrolysis and thus in the effectiveness of the N-MoS2 deposition. The electrode material itself is characterized by...
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Impact of influent wastewater quality on nitrogen removal rates in multistage treatment wetlands
PublicationNitrogen removal in treatment wetlands is influenced by many factors, and the presence of electron donors (biodegradable organic matter) and electron acceptors (nitrate ions) is the main limiting one; for obtaining these conditions, multistage treatment wetlands (MTWs) are required, where an extensive nitrification can be obtained in the first stages under aerobic conditions leaving then to the following anoxic/anaerobic stages...
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Organic-inorganic materials for fast charging-discharging processes in energy storage devices
PublicationPraca dotyczy materiału kompozytowego złożonego z poli(3,4-etylenodioksytiofenu) i heksacyjanokobaltanu żelaza. Materiał został otrzymany elektrochemicznie bezpośrednio na elektrodzie tytanowej metodą jednoetapowa z zawiesiny zawierającej monomer (EDOT) oraz Fe3[Co(CN)6]2 w postaci proszku. Warstwy pEDOT/FehcCo otrzymane potencjostatycznie ładunkiem od 0,6 do 1,5 C/cm2 charakteryzują się różną grubością (od 1,9 do 4 μm) zależną...
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Fe local structure in Pt-free nitrogen-modified carbon based electrocatalysts: XAFS study
PublicationThe paper presents a new results on the bonding environment (coordination number and geometry) and on oxidation states of Fe in nitrogen-modified Fe/C composites used as Pt-free catalysts for oxygen reduction in Direct Hydrogen Fuel Cells. Starting from glucose or fructose, two catalysts displaying different electrochemical performance were prepared and studied in the form of pristine powder and thin catalytic layer of electrode...
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Integrating conventional nitrogen removal with anammox in wastewater treatment systems: Microbial metabolism, sustainability and challenges
PublicationThe various forms of nitrogen (N), including ammonium (NH4+), nitrite (NO2−), and nitrate (NO3−), present in wastewaters can create critical biotic stress and can lead to hazardous phenomena that cause imbalances in biological diversity. Thus, biological nitrogen removal (BNR) from wastewaters is considered to be imperatively urgent. Therefore, anammox-based systems, i.e. partial nitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (PN/anammox)...