Filters
total: 862
filtered: 794
Search results for: HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT
-
THEORETICAL POTENTIAL OF HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM TEXTILES WASTES IN POMERANIAN REGION BY MEANS OF DARK FERMENTATION
PublicationModel has been developed for calculating theoretical mass of hydrogen produced from textile wastes by mean of dark fermentation. As vegetable fibres wastes were chosen two mostly used — cotton and linen (flax). As the synthethic carbohydrate rich fiber was chosen viscose. In the background there were introduced: problems of dark fermentation, characteristics of textile material structure. Additionally pathways of the process...
-
Effect of Linear Energy and Microstructure on the Content of Residual Hydrogen in Welded Joints made of Superduplex Steels
PublicationThe article presents tests concerning the content of retained hydrogen present in FCAW and SAW welded joints made of superduplex steel. The use of various welding technologies resulted in the obtainment of welds having different microstructures and ferrite contents. Measurements of retained hydrogen present in joints (performed using the complete combustion method) revealed various contents of hydrogen in the base material and...
-
INVESTIGATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF A LOWEMISSION GAS TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OPERATING ON A MIXTURE OF NATURAL GAS AND HYDROGEN
PublicationT his article is devoted to the investigation of the characteristics of a low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber, which can be used in Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) vessels and operates on a mixture of natural gas and hydrogen. A new approach is proposed for modelling the processes of burning out a mixture of natural gas with hydrogen under preliminary mixing conditions in gaseous fuel with an oxidizer...
-
Properties of Oxygen Vacancy and Hydrogen Interstitial Defects in Strontium Titanate: DFT + Ud,p Calculations
PublicationThis work presents extensive theoretical studies focused on the mixed ion-electron transport in cubic strontium titanate (STO). A new approach to the description of this difficult system was developed within the framework of linear-scaling Kohn–Sham density functional theory, as realized in the ONETEP program. The description we present is free of any empirical parameters and relies on the Hubbard U and Hund’s J corrections applied...
-
Interplay between Aryl···Perfluoroaryl and Hydrogen Bonding Interactions in Cocrystals of Pentafluorophenol with Molecules of Trigonal Symmetry
PublicationCocrystals of seven star-shaped triaryl compounds with pentafluorophenol (pfp) were prepared and structurally characterized by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. Cocrystallization of pfp with planar (or almost planar) compounds gave six 3:1 molecular complexes with well-defined layered structures. The layers are composed of alternating pfp3 trimers, linked by hydrogen bonding, and triaryl molecules held together in planes...
-
Formation of OH Radicals as Evidence of Intramolecular Hydrogen Migration in Cation-Induced Dissociation of Furan Molecules
PublicationWe present the experimental results on a hydrogen atom migration preceding fragmentation of the furan molecules induced by the H3+ and C+ impact. The excited OH(A2Σ+) radical has been detected among the furan decomposition products using collision-induced emission spectroscopy. However, the OH moiety is absent in the furan ring skeleton, so detecting the OH(A2Σ+→X2Π) luminescence indicates the intramolecular H atom relocation prior...
-
Kinetic analysis of the reduction of a ternary system of Bi, Sb and Te oxides by hydrogen for BiSbTe3 synthesis
PublicationReduction in a hydrogen atmosphere of Bi2O3, Sb2O3 and TeO2 mixes oxides for the synthesis of BiSbTe3 was analysed. The reduction reactions of Sb2O3 and Sb2O4 oxides, as well as Bi2O3+Sb2O3 and Sb2O3+3TeO2 mix- tures, were also evaluated. The reduction of Sb2O4 is investigated for the first time. The reactions of the mixed oxides systems also were not the subject of research so far despite being used for synthesis of the (Bi,Sb)2Te3...
-
Optimization of the Relative Humidity of Reactant Gases in Hydrogen Fuel Cells Using Dynamic Impedance Measurements
PublicationWater management is a key factor affecting the efficiency of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The currently used monitoring methods of PEMFCs provide limited information about which processes or components that humidity has a significant impact upon. Herein, we propose the use of a novel approach of impedance measurements using a multi-sinusoidal perturbation signal, which enables impedance measurements under dynamic...
-
Hydrogen Bonds in Blends of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), Poly(N-ethylacrylamide) Homopolymers, and Carboxymethyl Cellulose
PublicationRecently, it was reported that the physical crosslinking exhibited by some biopolymers could provide multiple benefits to biomedical applications. In particular, grafting thermoresponsive polymers onto biopolymers may enhance the degradability or offer other features, as thermothickening behavior. Thus, different interactions will affect the different hydrogen bonds and interactions from the physical crosslinking of carboxymethyl...
-
Activity of Patents in Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Production in the Context of Passenger Car Fleet in the V4 Countries
PublicationThe hydrogen market in the world today is capable ovule and em-pirical evidence on activity of patents in fuel cells and hydrogen production islimited so far. Patent applications in zero-emission mobility in the aspect of fuelcells include: DAFC/DMFC&DMFC, PEMFC, SOFC, AFC, PAFC. As for thepatents relating to the hydrogen production, they concern low carbon, electrol-ysis and inorganic. The purpose of the study was to investigate...
-
Exploring hydrogen energy systems: A comprehensive review of technologies, applications, prevailing trends, and associated challenges
PublicationExploring hydrogen energy and its associated technologies is a pivotal pathway towards achieving carbon neutrality. This article comprehensively reviews hydrogen production technologies, storage technologies, and end-use applications of hydrogen, based on the input energy source, operating conditions, conversion efficiency, energy density, and unit investment cost. The review also highlights the advantages, disadvantages, and technological readiness...
-
Determination of carbon monoxide, methane and carbon dioxide in refinery hydrogen gases and air by gas chromatography
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono metodę oznaczania śladowych zawartości tlenku węgla, metanu oraz dwutlenku węgla w rafineryjnych gazach wodorowych oraz powietrzu; granica oznaczalności metody wynosi odpowiednio 0,15, 0,15 oraz 0,20 mikro-gram/litr. Zaprezentowano w pracy prostą modyfikację chromatografu gazowego wyposażonego w detektor płomieniowo-jonizacyjny (FID). Zastosowano kolumnę typu PorapakQ, dodatkowo połączono szeregowo z krótką...
-
Supramolecular Assemblies of Hydrogen Bonded Carboxylic Acid Dimers Mediated by Phenyl-Pentafluorophenyl Stacking Interactions.
PublicationKwas pentafluorobenzoesowy tworzy heterodimery z kwasami benzoesowym i 2,4,6-trimetylobenzoesowym w wyniku oddziaływań typu pi-pi reszt fenylowych i pentafluorofenylowych. Otrzymane kokryształy wymienionych kwasów z 1,4-bisarylobutadiynami zawierały homodimery tworzone przez cząsteczki kwasów, pomiędzy którymi znajdowały się cząsteczki diarylodiacetylenów.
-
Cubane Like Structure of a Silanethiol Primary Amine Assembly a Novel, Unusual Hydrogen Bond Pattern.
PublicationMetodą rentgenowskiej analizy strukturalnej wyznaczono struktury krystaliczne i cząsteczkowe trzech soli amoniowych: (t-BuO)3SiS(-)H3N(+)Bu-t, (i-PrO)3SiS(-)H3N(+)Bu-t i (t-BuO)3SiS(-)H3N(+)(CH2)2CH(CH3)2. Wszystkie trzy związki w ciele stałym tworzą tetramery w których atomy S i N wyznaczają w przybliżeniu naroża sześcianu. Trwałość tych agregatów, oprócz sił elektrostatycznego przyciągania, zapewnia sieć wiązań wodorowych N-H
-
Collagen and hyaluronic acid hydrogel in water-in-oil microemulsion delivery systems
PublicationThe efficacy of microemul-sion in dermal and transdermal delivery of active ingredients. Here, we assessed the water-in-oilmicroemulsion capacity to incorporate two natural polymers, i.e. collagen and hyaluronic acid withlow and high molecular weight. Systems were extensively characterized in terms of conductivity, phaseinversion studies, droplet diameter, polydispersity index and rheological properties. The results of thisresearch...
-
Review: synthetic polymer hydrogels for biomedical applications
PublicationSynthetic polymer hydrogels constitute a group of biomaterials, used in numerous biomedical disciplines, and are still developing for new promising applications. The aim of this study is to review information about well known and the newest hydrogels, show the importance of water uptake and cross-linking type and classify them in accordance with their chemical structure.
-
Molecular dynamics studies of polyurethane nanocomposite hydrogels
PublicationPolyurethane PEO-based hydrogels have a broad range of biomedical applicability. They are attractive for drug-controlled delivery systems, surgical implants and wound healing dressings. In this study, a PEO based polyurethane hydrogels containing Cloisite R 30B, an organically modified clay mineral, was synthesized. Structure of nanocomposite hydrogels was determined using XRD technique. Its molecular dynamics was studied by means...
-
Hydrogels Based on Natural Polymers for Cardiac Applications
PublicationIn this work agar- and borax-based hydrogels with and without the addition of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) at different concentrations were synthesized. Hydrogels were modified by the same amount of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) which exhibits antithrombotic properties. The effect of modification by ASA on the properties of hydrogels was analyzed.
-
Hydrogen permeation through welded joints of S690QL steels at cathodic polarisation in sea water in the presence of SRB
PublicationPrezentowane są wyniki badan metodą Devanathana- Stachurskyego przenikania wodoru w wodzie morskiej w obecności bakterii redukujących siarczany i w warunkach sterylnych. Badania wykonano na stali S690QL poddanej symulowanym obróbkom cieplnym prowadzącym do struktur modelujących strefy wpływu ciepła. Stwierdzono dodatni wpływ obecności bakterii na przenikanie wodoru. Różnice między poszczególnymi próbkami były minimalne.
-
Niszczenie wodorowe złączy spawanych ze stali S355 = Hydrogen degradation of welded joints of S355 steel
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono ocenę podatności na niszczenie wodorowe złączy spawanych ze stali S355. Jako parametry niszczenia wodorowego wybrano względne wartości energii zniszczenia, wydłużenia, przewężenia i wytrzymałości na rozciąganie. Parametry te wyznaczono w próbie odkształcania z małą prędkością na próbkach okrągłych, gładkich. Stwierdzono, że stal S355w środowisku kwaśnym podczas polaryzacji katodowej, jest bardziej skłonna...
-
Toward an Understanding of the Chemiluminescence Accompanying the Reaction of 9-Carboxy-10-methylacridinium Phenyl Ester with Hydrogen Peroxide
Publication -
MOF/TiO2 erythrocyte-like heterostructures decorated by noble metals for use in hydrogen photogeneration and pollutant photodegradation
PublicationVarious metal–organic framework (MOF)/TiO2 heterostructures can be obtained by the partial hydrolysis or calcination of Ti-based MOFs. By adjusting the hydrolysis and calcination steps of NH2-MIL-125 (Ti), a novel photoactive material composed of a MOF (NH2-MIL-125 (Ti)) and TiO2, with a unique “erythrocyte” shape, was developed. Furthermore, modification of the composition prepared by the partial hydrolysis of NH2- MIL-125 (Ti)...
-
Lanthanide-organic-frameworks modified ZnIn2S4 for boosting hydrogen generation under UV–Vis and visible light
PublicationNovel Ln-MOF with microrods shape were successfully combined with ZnIn2S4 (ZIS) microsphere and used for photocatalytic hydrogen generation under UV–Vis and visible light. The Ln-MOFs/ZIS system comprises lanthanide-carboxylate coordination networks (Tm and Gd as metal ions, and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (BTC) as the organic linker) deposited on ZnIn2S4 microspheres. Effect of the amount of ((Tm,Gd)-BTC) (1, 5, 10 wt%) on...
-
Remarkable visible-light induced hydrogen generation with ZnIn2S4 microspheres/CuInS2 quantum dots photocatalytic system
PublicationA new and active material in the form of ZnIn2S4 microspheres decorated by CuInS2 quantum dots have been obtained by hydrothermal method for the first time. The optimum amount of CuInS2 quantum dots (1.13 wt.%) introduced into rection medium during ZnIn2S4 microspheres synthesis increased the photocatalytic H2 generation rate by 2.5 times than that of bare ZnIn2S4 photocatalysis under visible light irradiation. This sample exhibited...
-
Evaluation of hydrogen degradation susceptibility of high-strength weldable steel subjected to cathodic polarization in sea-water
PublicationOcenę podatności stali spawalnych o wysokiej wytrzymałości ich złączy spawanych na kruchość wodorową przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem próby rozciągania ze stałą, niską szybkością odkształcenia w środowisku wody morskiej przy polaryzacji katodowej. Wykonano próby elektrochemiczne przenikania wodoru w wodzie morskiej dla oceny dyfuzji i pułapkowania wodoru. Badano wpływ bakterii redukujących siarczany na absorpcję wodoru w środowisku...
-
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION OF DISSIMILAR AUSTENITIC 316L AND DUPLEX 2205 STAINLESS STEELS WELDED JOINTS
PublicationThe paper describes structure and properties of dissimilar stainless steels welded joints between duplex 2205 and austenitic 316L steels. Investigations were focused on environmentally assisted cracking of welded joints. The susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and hydrogen embrittlement was determined in slow strain rate tests (SSRT) with the strain rate of 2.2 × 10–6 s–1. Chloride-inducted SCC was determined in the...
-
Mechanical, structural and diffusion studies of hydrogel polyurethane nanocomposites containing modified montmorillonite
PublicationW pracy zaprezentowano wyniki badań hydrożeli poliuretanowych zawierających poli(tlenek etylenu) oraz montmorylonit. Otrzymane układy scharakteryzowano z użyciem technik XRD, DMA, badań mechanicznych oraz wyznaczono chłonność wody i parametry dyfuzji.
-
Mechanical, Structural and Diffusion Studies of Hydrogel Polyurethane Nanocomposites Containing Modified Montmorillonite
Publication -
Study of Phase Transformation Processes Occurring in the Nanocrystalline Iron/Ammonia/Hydrogen System by the Magnetic Permeability Measurement Method
Publication -
A Comparison of Hydrogen Storage in Pt, Pd and Pt/Pd Alloys Loaded Disordered Mesoporous Hollow Carbon Spheres
Publication -
Nickel Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanofibers as Excellent Bifunctional Catalyst for Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Processes
Publication -
Superior synergy of g-C3N4/Cd compounds and Al-MOF-derived nanoporous carbon for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Publication -
Stabilization of N-, N,N-, N,N'-Methylated and Unsubstituted Simple Amidine Salts by Multifurcated Hydrogen Bonds
PublicationIn the light of the usefulness of amidines in medicinal chem., this paper considers the effects on biol. properties and chem. reactivities of org. mols. affected by intramol. interactions. The study of chem. shifts has been an important source of information on the electronic structure of amidine salts and their ability to form non-covalent bonds with nucleic acids. The NMR and IR results demonstrate that hydrogen bonds are...
-
Sustainable Conversion of Mixed Plastics into Porous Carbon Nanosheets with High Performances in Uptake of Carbon Dioxide and Storage of Hydrogen
Publication -
Selective and efficient catalytic and photocatalytic oxidation of diphenyl sulphide to sulfoxide and sulfone: the role of hydrogen peroxide and TiO2 polymorph
Publication -
Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution by co-catalyst-free TiO2/C bulk heterostructures synthesized under mild conditions
Publication -
Epoxidation of natural limonene extracted from orange peels with hydrogen peroxide over Ti-MCM-41 catalyst
Publication -
Enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction on highly stable titania-supported PdO and Eu2O3 nanocomposites in a strong alkaline solution
PublicationIn this work, PdO/TiO2 and Eu2O3/TiO2 nanocomposites (NCs), were synthesized using a new facile, template-free and one-step solvothermal approach, and characterized by several instrumentation techniques. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies revealed the presence of oxidised form of the Pd and Eu nanoparticles within the nanocomposite materials (PdO and Eu2O3). The two catalysts exhibited remarkable activity for the HER...
-
Effective yttrium based coating for steel interconnects of solid oxide cells: Corrosion evaluation in steam-hydrogen atmosphere
PublicationThis work describes manufacture, analysis and test of a new well conducting corrosion-protection coating that can be applied on steel types with high chromium content. Electrolytic deposition of yttrium salts is used to form thin (<100 nm) coatings on both flat steel sheets (material: Crofer 22 APU) and its properties are proven on woven wire-meshes (materials from two different sources: SUS316 and SUS316L). The oxide scale on...
-
Chiral and achiral crystals, charge-assisted hydrogen-bond patterns and self-organization of selected solid diaminium thiosulfates
PublicationAbstract A series of diaminium thiosulfates, derivatives of diamines: NH2CH2CH(CH3)NH2 (1) and NH2(CH2)nNH2, n = 3-6 (2-5 respectively)and thiosulfuric acid were prepared and their structures determined by crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds 1, 2 and 4 turned out to be hydrates. The crystal structure of 1,2-proylenediaminium thiosulfate is chiral and exhibits spontaneous resolution. Crystals for both enantiomers...
-
Urchin-like TiO2 structures decorated with lanthanide-doped Bi2S3 quantum dots to boost hydrogen photogeneration performance
PublicationThe formation of heterojunctions between wide- and narrow-bandgap photocatalysts is commonly employed to boost the efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen generation. Herein, the photoactivity of urchin-like rutile particles is increased by decorating with pristine as well as Er- or Yb-doped Bi2S3 quantum dots (QDs) at varied QD loadings (1–20 wt%) and doping degrees (1–15 mol%), and the best hydrogen evolution performance is achieved at...
-
Technological solutions for boosting hydrogen role in decarbonization strategies and net-zero goals of world shipping: Challenges and perspectives
PublicationFacing the problems concerning greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from international ocean shipping has meant that the latest regulations of the International Maritime Organization, issued on 1st January 2023, have come into force, with the aim of reducing GHG emissions from maritime activities. Hydrogen has been suggested as an alternative fuel to achieve decarbonization ambitions in the near future. Although hydrogen has been investigated...
-
Optimisation of cooperation of hybrid renewable energy sources with hydrogen energy storage toward the lowest net present cost
PublicationThe paper presents the results of a technical and economic analysis of the power supply for a model industrial facility based on intermittent renewable energy sources in the form of wind turbines and photovoltaic modules, supplemented with hydrogen energy storage. The adopted power supply strategy assumed the maximisation of self-consumption of self-produced electricity. Six variants were considered, including two with an energy...
-
Palladium versus Platinum: The Metal in the Catalytic Center of a Molecular Photocatalyst Determines the Mechanism of the Hydrogen Production with Visible Light
PublicationTo develop highly efficient molecular photocatalysts for visible light-driven hydrogen production, a thorough understanding of the photophysical and chemical processes in the photocatalyst is of vital importance. In this context, in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopic (XAS) investigations show that the nature of the catalytically active metal center in a (N^N)MCl2 (M=Pd or Pt) coordination sphere has a significant impact on the...
-
Weak hydrogen bonding interaction S-H···O=C studied by FT-IR spectroscopy and DFT calculations
PublicationInteractions between the thiolate group of tri-tert-butoxysilanethiol (TBST) and carbonyl group of acetone are studied with the use of FT-IR spectroscopy and DFT calculations.
-
Dual functionality of amphiphilic 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ionic liquids: surfactants with catalytic function
PublicationA series of amphiphilic 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ionic liquids were synthesized. Acidic hydrogen sulfate ionic liquids with the alkyl chains C6–C14 are characterized by good surface properties. Their surface properties (adsorption and micellization parameters, degree of ionization of micelles, Krafft temperatures and thermodynamic parameters) were determined. Synthesized ionic liquids were applied as a co-catalyst...
-
Flexible syngas-biogas-hydrogen fueling spark-ignition engine behaviors with optimized fuel compositions and control parameters
PublicationThis paper presents the results research on the optimal fuel compositions and the control parameters of the spark ignition engine fueled with syngas-biogas-hydrogen for the purpose of setting up a flexible electronic control unit for the engine working in a solar-biomass hybrid renewable energy system. In syngas-biogas-hydrogen mixture, the optimal content of hydrogen and biogas is 20% and 30%, respectively. Exceeding these thresholds,...
-
Modification of TiO2 nanotubes by graphene–strontium and cobalt molybdate perovskite for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic medium
PublicationHerein, we demonstrate that modification of TiO2 nanotubes with graphene–strontium and cobalt molybdate perovskite can turn them into active electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). For this purpose, a simple method of hydrothermal synthesis of perovskites was developed directly on the TiO2 nanotubes substrate. Moreover, the obtained hybrids were also decorated with graphene oxide (GO) during one-step hydrothermal...
-
Towards Computer-Aided Graphene Covered TiO2-Cu/(CuxOy) Composite Design for the Purpose of Photoinduced Hydrogen Evolution
PublicationIn search a hydrogen source, we synthesized TiO2-Cu-graphene composite photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution. The catalyst is a new and unique material as it consists of copper-decorated TiO2 particles covered tightly in graphene and obtained in a fluidized bed reactor. Both, reduction of copper from Cu(CH3COO) at the surface of TiO2 particles and covering of TiO2-Cu in graphene thin layer by Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) were...
-
Effect of the Catalytic Center on the Electron Transfer Dynamics in Hydrogen-Evolving Ruthenium-Based Photocatalysts Investigated by Theoretical Calculations
PublicationThe light-induced relaxation pathways in the molecular photocatalyst [(tbbpy)2Ru(tpphz)PtCl2]2+ are investigated with time-dependent density functional theory calculations together with the Marcus theory of electron transfer (ET). The calculations show that metal (Ru) to ligand (tpphz) charge transfer (MLCT) triplet states are populated following an excitation in the longer wavelength range of the absorption spectrum, but that an...