Filtry
wszystkich: 3660
wybranych: 3283
wyświetlamy 1000 najlepszych wyników Pomoc
Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: thermal degradation mechanism
-
Phototransformation of Amlodipine: Degradation Kinetics and Identification of Its Photoproducts
PublikacjaNowadays, monitoring focuses on the primary compounds and does not include degradation products formed during various biological and chemical processes. Transformation products may have the same effects to human health and the environment or sometimes they can be more toxic than the parent compound. Unfortunately, knowledge about the formation of degradation products is still limited, however, can be very important for the environmental...
-
Removal of diphenols using pine biochar. Kinetics, equilibrium, thermodynamics, and mechanism of uptake
PublikacjaThermal pyrolysis synthesized activated biochar from the Pinus elliottii sawdust (PS) at 600° C. The obtained activated biochar (PB600) was used for the removal of three diphenols, catechol (CAT), resorcinol (RES), and hydroquinone (HYD), which are utilized mainly in different industries. The PB600 was characterized by several analytical techniques. The BET surface area of 1473 m2.g−1 and a total pore volume of 0.707 cm3 g−1 was...
-
The methodology of design of satellite working mechanism of positive displacement machine
PublikacjaIn this paper is described a methodology of design of satellite mechanism consisting of two noncircular gears (externally toothed rotor and internally toothed curvature) and circular gears (satellites). In the presented methodology is assumed that the rotor pitch line is known, and the curvature pitch line is necessary to designate. The presented methodology applies to mechanisms for which the number of the curvature humps is at...
-
Review of Methods for Diagnosing the Degradation Process in Power Units Cooperating with Renewable Energy Sources Using Artificial Intelligence
PublikacjaThis work is based on a literature review (191). It mainly refers to two diagnostic methods based on artificial intelligence. This review presents new possibilities for using genetic algorithms (GAs) for diagnostic purposes in power plants transitioning to cooperation with renewable energy sources (RESs). The genetic method is rarely used directly in the modeling of thermal-flow analysis. However, this assignment proves that the...
-
Thermal Biomass Conversion: A Review
PublikacjaIn this paper, the most important methods of thermal conversion of biomass, such as: hydrothermal carbonization (180–250 °C), torrefaction (200–300 °C), slow pyrolysis (carbonization) (300–450 °C), fast pyrolysis (500–800 °C), gasification (800–1000 °C), supercritical steam gasification, high temperature steam gasification (>1000 °C) and combustion, were gathered, compared and ranked according to increasing temperature. A comprehensive...
-
Structure and thermal expansion of liquid bismuth
PublikacjaExperimental structural data for liquid Bi were used for estimation of the main structure parameters as well as the thermal expansion coefficient both in supercooled and superheated temperature ranges. It was shown that the equilibrium melt had a positive thermal expansion coefficient within a temperature range upon melting and a negative one at higher temperatures. The former was related to structure changes upon melting, whereas...
-
Thermal and mechanical properties of polyurethanes modified with L-ascorbic acid
PublikacjaIn this study we report the thermal and mechanical properties of polyurethanes modified with ascorbic acid (AA). Ascorbic acid was used as a modifier at concentration of 1 or 2 mass%. The antioxidative properties of AA may improve the biocompatibility of the obtained materials, which were designed for biomedical applications. In this paper we describe characterization of obtained unmodified and ascorbic acid modified polyurethanes...
-
Bias-Dependent Dynamics of Degradation and Recovery in Perovskite Solar Cells
PublikacjaDegradation of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is often found to be partially or fully reversible when the cells are allowed to recover in the dark. Unlike the dynamics of degradation, knowledge about the dynamics of PSC cell recovery is very limited. Here, we demonstrate that the PSC recovery strongly depends on the electrical bias conditions during the light-induced degradation and that it can be manipulated by applying an external...
-
Modification of microporous polyurethane elastomers with different types of ash—morphological, mechanical, and thermal studies
PublikacjaIncorporation of wood ash particles from wood gasification into microporous polyurethane elastomers has been investigated and compared to addition of commercially available microspheres resulting from coal burning. Samples were modified with 3 and 6 wt% of fillers. Structure, mechanical, and thermal properties of obtained elastomers were investigated. Incorporation of both types of ash particles decreased the density of polyurethanes...
-
Enzymatic activities behind degradation of glucosinolates
PublikacjaMyrosinase (thioglucosidase, EC 3.2.1.147) is the enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of glucosinolates (GLs). In plant tissue, myrosinase and GLs are sequestered in separate cellular compartments. As a result of cell disruption, e.g., after pathogen attack or on chopping or grinding during food preparation, the myrosinase comes into contact with GLs and catalyzes the hydrolysis of thioglucosidic bond in GL structure. Consequently,...
-
Study of excitation energy transport and degradation in aqueous solution of FMN
PublikacjaStudy of excitation energy transport and degradation in aqueous solution of FMN
-
Self-assembled concentric stripes of diamond particles by a pinning-depinning mechanism
PublikacjaWe describe the novel mechanism of spontaneous formation of the concentric stripe patterns of microdiamonds via gradual solvent evaporation from a suspension confined in a teardrop well. The self-organized patterns exhibit a series of arcs with regular spacings varying between hundreds of micrometers and millimeters. They result from an interplay between the directional forced circulation of the solvent and a stick-slip movement...
-
Evaluation of a sat-type fairness mechanism implemented in a dual-ring network
PublikacjaThe fairness problem was presented. Popular fairness concepts and measures were shown. The RPR fairness mechanism and the SAT mechanism were described. A modification of the SAT algorithm, adapted to the possibilities of Ethernet cards used for implementation of a dual-ring RPR-based network, was proposed. Performance of the proposed modification was measured. Jain's and Chen's fairness indexes were calculated. Effectiveness comparison...
-
IR-THERMAL IMAGING IN CARDIOSURGERY
PublikacjaA method for monitoring the state of the myocardium during cardiosurgical interventions based on thermal IR imaging is presented. These methods called Static Thermography and Active Dynamic Thermography (ADT) uses information about distribution of temperature on the surface and an external excitation source to induce thermal transient processes in a tested object. Recording time series of thermograms allows to calculate parametric...
-
Investigation of the Few‐Layer Black Phosphorus Degradation by the Photonic Measurements
PublikacjaFew-layer black phosphorus (FLBP) is a 2D material that gains worldwide interest for its possible applications, mainly in electronics and optoelec-tronics. However, as FLBP is prone to a degradation process under envi-ronmental conditions, there is a need for a monitoring method allowing investigation of its surface quality. Among many techniques, optoelectronic ones have unique advantages of fast response, non-contact, and non-invasive...
-
Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Microporous Polyurethanes Modified with Reduced Graphene Oxide
PublikacjaMicroporous polyurethanes (MPU) were modified by adding 0.25%–1.25 wt% of reduced graphene oxide (RGO). The materials were prepared without solvent via in situ polymerization. From a technological point of view, it is very important to obtain functional materials by using reacting compounds only. The thermal characteristics of obtained MPU were investigated using TGA, DSC, and DMA techniques. In comparison to nonmodified microporous...
-
The impact of material degradation on the resistance and reliability of truss structures
PublikacjaThe paper analyses limit load-carrying capacity and buckling load of truss towers used to support high voltage power lines. The analysed typical structure was subjected to characteristic loads and their combinations. The results were applied to assess structural resistance with regard to steel corrosion in the long-term operation. The extent of structural deterioration was assessed due to Young's modulus decrement in the course...
-
Peroxymonosulfate-assisted photocatalytic degradation of artificial sweeteners in water
PublikacjaIn the present study, peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation was proposed for efficient photocatalytic degradation of aspartame, acesulfame, saccharin, and cyclamate - artificial sweeteners frequently present in wastewaters and surface waters worldwide. The TiO2 nanosheets with exposed {0 0 1} facets were synthesised using the fluorine-free lyophilisation technique as a green concept for the synthesis and used for the photodegradation...
-
Minimising the Churn Out of the Service by Using a Fairness Mechanism
PublikacjaThe paper proposes an algorithm of bandwidth distribution, ensuring fairness to end-users in computer networks. The proposed algorithm divides users into satisfied and unsatisfied users. It provides fairness in terms of quality of experience (QoE) for satisfied users and quality of service (QoS) for unsatisfied users. In this paper, we present detailed comparisons relevant to service providers to show the advantages of the proposed...
-
Ozone nanobubble technology as a novel AOPs for pollutants degradation under high salinity conditions
PublikacjaConventional water treatment systems frequently exhibit diminished efficiency at high salinity - a significant issue especially for real industrial effluents - mostly due to the creation of intricate structures between pollutants and salts. One of the primary obstacles associated with high salinity conditions is the generation of by-products that pose additional hurdles for treatment. In this work, we have investigated the novel...
-
Environmental degradation of titanium alloy in artificial saliva
PublikacjaThe titanium and its alloys are potentially prone to hydrogen embrittlement, including those proposed for dental implants. The research has been aimed to assess a susceptibility to environment-enhanced degradation of the Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy in artificial saliva with or without hydrofluoric acid, subject or not to cathodic polarisation. The results have shown that even if artificial saliva is safe environment, both cathodic polarization...
-
Novel composite of Zn/Ti-layered double hydroxide coupled with MXene for the efficient photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceuticals
PublikacjaIn the present study, a hybrid photocatalyst of Zn/Ti layered double hydroxide (LDH) coupled with MXene – Ti3C2 was synthesized for the first time and applied in photocatalytic degradation of acetaminophen and ibuprofen, two commonly present in the natural environment and prone to accumulate in the aquatic ecosystem pharmaceuticals. The effect of MXene content (0.5 wt%, 2.5 wt%, and 5 wt%) on the photocatalytic activity of LDH/MXene...
-
AITP - AI Thermal Pedestrians Dataset
PublikacjaEfficient pedestrian detection is a very important task in ensuring safety within road conditions, especially after sunset. One way to achieve this goal is to use thermal imaging in conjunction with deep learning methods and an annotated dataset for models training. In this work, such a dataset has been created by capturing thermal images of pedestrians in different weather and traffic conditions. All images were manually annotated...
-
Effect of sisal fiber filler on thermal properties of bio-based polyurethane composites
PublikacjaThis work is mainly focused on study of thermal and thermomechanical properties of obtained bio-based polyurethane (coded as bio-PU) composites via using different types of bio-components (bio-glycol, modified soybean oil and sisal fiber) in the procedure. The chemical structure, morphology and mechanical properties were also investigated and described in this manuscript in order to know more perfect characterization of produced...
-
An approach for estimation of water wall degradation within pulverized-coal boilers
PublikacjaThe main aim of this paper is to estimate the lifetime of water walls of pulverized-coal boilers at nominal conditions as well as after degradation of water tubes. An approach for a pulverized-coal chamber degradation process has been formulated based on operational and experimental data. This model was formulated using on-line state monitoring of a pulverized coal burner with aim of preventing the fireplace screens from high degradation...
-
Experimental and numerical identification of corrosion degradation of ageing structural components
PublikacjaThe study presents experimental and numerical identification of corrosion degradation of thin-walled structural components employing guided wave propagation. The steel structural components are subjected to through-thickness varying corrosion degradation levels. The developed approach using the non-destructive guided wave-propagation quantifies the equivalent average corrosion degradation level by exploring a limited number of...
-
Foamed Polyurethane Composites With Different Types of Ash – Morphological, Mechanical and Thermal Behavior Assessments
Publikacjancorporation of two types of ash particles into flexible polyurethane foams has been investigated, wood ash from gasification process and fly ash resulting from coal burning in power plant. Samples were modified with 5, 10 and 15 wt% of fillers. Structure, mechanical and thermal properties of obtained foams were investigated. Incorporation of both types of ash particles resulted in materials showing...
-
A Set of Experience-Based Smart Synergy Security Mechanism in Internet of Vehicles
PublikacjaIn this article, we introduce a novel security mechanism, the Smart Synergy Security (3S). The mechanism uses the Set of Experience Knowledge Structure (SOEKS) and the synergy of security methods in different domains to provide the global optimal security strategy. The proposed strategy is taking into account the characteristics of information security (i.e. confidentiality, integrity, availability, controllability, and reviewability)...
-
Evaluation of reformer tubes degradation after long term operation
PublikacjaPurpose of this paper is to show the effect of long-term service at elevated temperatures on microstructural changes of cast steel reformer tubes made of the alloy IN-519 (24%Cr, 24%Ni, Nb). The relationship between mechanical properties and microstructure degradation is discussed. Investigations were performed on five tubes taken from ammonia reformer furnace. Tubes worked at temperature of 880C and 3,2 MPa pressure. The operation...
-
Thermal and physical properties of ZrO2–AlO(OH) nanopowders synthesised by microwave hydrothermal method
PublikacjaIndustrially relevant nanopowder was synthesised by microwave hydrothermal synthesis to obtain well-controlled composition (ZrO2–AlO(OH) system) which was found to determine a number of physical and thermal characteristics. This study reports variation of particle size, density, specific surface area (SSABET), as well as thermal behaviour of nanopowder mixtures of ZrO2–AlO(OH) in the whole range of compositions. It was found that...
-
Extremal thermal loading of a bifurcation pipe
PublikacjaThe subject of considerations is a spherical bifurcation pipe of a live steam made of steel P91, which is an element of a block of coal-fired power plant working with a 18K370 turbine. As experience shows, it is a very sensitive element of the boiler pipelines. An extreme work scenario for such a block has been adopted, in which the turbine is shutting down to a warm state three times in 24 hours. This is an action dictated by...
-
Active IR-Thermal Imaging in Medicine
PublikacjaIn this paper we summarize results of several research projects devoted to development of new diagnostic methods and procedures based on quantitative infrared thermography in medical applications. First, basics of active dynamic thermography are presented. Described are both, instrumentation and software comprising measurement procedures including collection of series of IR-images after external excitation, data treatment with...
-
Influence of geometrical and operational parameters on tooth wear in the working mechanism of a satellite motor
PublikacjaThis article describes the phenomena affecting the wear of the rotor of the working mechanism in a hydraulic satellite motor. The basic geometrical relationships that allow the calculation of the coordinates of the points of contact between the satellite and the rotor and the curvature are presented. A method for calculating the number of contacts of the satellite teeth with the rotor teeth and of the satellite teeth with the curvature...
-
The excitation controller with gain scheduling mechanism for synchronous generator control
PublikacjaThe power systems, including the synchronous generators and power systems networks, are complex nonlinear systems with configuration and parameters which change through time. That leads to electromechanical oscillations occurring in that system. Thus synchronous generator excitation controller must be capable of providing appropriate stabilization signal over broad range of operating conditions and disturbances. In this paper,...
-
Thermal Imaging in Wound Healing Diagnostics
PublikacjaResults of a project searching for objective, quantitative evaluation of postoperative wound healing in cardiosurgery are presented. We propose simple thermal models of the healing processes after cardiosurgery interventions as objective descriptors allowing classification of patients for extraction and following recovery at home or for prolonged treatment in a hospital. Classification of healing as the normal process or as a process...
-
Indoor accelerated controlled corrosion degradation test of small- and large-scale specimens
PublikacjaThe work presented here is a part of a long-term project analysing the structural behaviour of ageing marine structures. An accelerated corrosion degradation set-up was developed to reproduce corroded marine structural specimens of different degrees of degradation, controlling various natural factors, i.e., temperature, oxygen content, salinity, and flow velocity. The nine stiffened plates of 1.2 m length and 30 small scale specimens...
-
A self-optimization mechanism for generalized adaptive notch smoother
PublikacjaTracking of nonstationary narrowband signals is often accomplished using algorithms called adaptive notch filters (ANFs). Generalized adaptive notch smoothers (GANSs) extend the concepts of adaptive notch filtering in two directions. Firstly, they are designed to estimate coefficients of nonstationary quasi-periodic systems, rather than signals. Secondly, they employ noncausal processing, which greatly improves their accuracy and...
-
Viscous versus electromagnetic damping – amplification in a neighbourhood of a mechanism singular position
PublikacjaIn the paper, damping of vibrations are considered and compared in a mechanical and in a electromechanical system. In the system, a continuous beam is considered as the main vibrating element. The compared dissipations methods are based on: viscous dampers and DC generators. To increase the possible damping effectiveness, velocity amplification is proposed, i.e., a mechanism is introduced between the beam and the damping element....
-
Heat transfer enhancement of modular thermal energy storage unit for reversible heat pump cooperation
PublikacjaThe following article presents experimental comparison research on a hexagonal shelland-tube latent thermal energy storage (TES). Such shape of a shell was deliberately chosen instead of a cylindrical one due to its high modularity and with intent for future applications in automobiles (EV and PHEV) air conditioning systems (HVAC). Two geometries of helical coils, acting as tubes, were studied in this article. One was a simple...
-
Rheological properties, oxidative and thermal stability, and potential application of biopolyols prepared via two-step process from crude glycerol
PublikacjaIn this work, previously synthesized biopolyols were analyzed in terms of their rheological and thermal properties, very important from the technological point of view. For better evaluation of performed synthesis, the influence of its time and temperature on the properties of biopolyols was determined. In the end, obtained materials were used to prepare rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate (PUR-PIR) foams, to evaluate their potential...
-
Combination of hydrodynamic cavitation and SR-AOPs for simultaneous degradation of BTEX in water
PublikacjaHydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is an emerging technology gaining interest in water treatment for use in elimination of a wide range of organic pollutants. The energy released during cavitation phenomenon has number of applications and, particularly, it can be utilized for activation of persulfate (PS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS). In the present study, hybrid techniques: HC combined with persulfates – HC-PS and HC-PMS were tested...
-
Bio‑derived polyurethanes obtained by non‑isocyanate route using polyol‑based bis(cyclic carbonate)s—studies on thermal decomposition behavior
PublikacjaNon-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) constitute one of the most prospective groups of eco-friendly materials based on their phosgene-free synthesis pathway. Moreover, one of the steps of their obtaining includes the use of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), which allows for the promotion of the development of carbon dioxide capture and storage technologies. In this work, non- isocyanate polyurethanes were obtained via three-step synthesis...
-
Effect of ground tire rubber on structural, mechanical and thermal properties of flexible polyurethane foams
PublikacjaFlexible polyurethane foams were modified with two kinds of ground tire rubber, untreated and thermo-mechanically reclaimed. A reclamation process was performed in auto-thermal conditions, which reduced the cost of the process and decreased the environmental impact of devulcanization (e.g., emission of gases). The reclamation process was carried out in a continuous manner using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The foams were...
-
Application of nanofluids in thermal technologies
PublikacjaNanofluids it is a relatively new category of thermal fluids that can serve as coolants, both in single- and two phase systems. However application of nanofluids in industrial applications requires faultless their thermophysical properties. Existing models originally developed for liquid/solid particles mixtures (slurries) fail in case of nanofluids. Moreover correlations used to calcuate heat transfer coefficients of conventional...
-
The influence of amorphous macrodiol, diisocyanate type and l-ascorbic acid modifier on chemical structure, morphology and degradation behavior of polyurethanes for tissue scaffolds fabrication
PublikacjaStudies described in this work were related to the bulk synthesis and characterization of polyurethanes (PURs) obtained with the use of cyclic 4,4′-methylene bis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) (HMDI) or linear 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), amorphous α,ω-dihydroxy(ethylene-butylene adipate) macrodiol (PEBA), 1,4-butandiol (BDO) chain extender and dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) catalyst. Obtained PURs were modified with l-ascorbic...
-
Mechanism of Osmolyte Stabilization–Destabilization of Proteins: Experimental Evidence
PublikacjaIn this work, we investigated the influence of stabilizing (N,N,N-trimethylglycine) and destabilizing (urea) osmolytes on the hydration spheres of biomacromolecules in folded forms (trpzip-1 peptide and hen egg white lysozyme─hewl) and unfolded protein models (glycine─GLY and N-methylglycine─NMG) by means of infrared spectroscopy. GLY and NMG were clearly limited as minimal models for unfolded proteins and should be treated with...
-
High temperature corrosion of evaporator tubes with thermal sprayed coatings
PublikacjaDegradation examinations of outer surface of low-emission steam boiler evaporator tubes are presented in the paper. Metallographic evaluation of scale morphology, its micro sites chemical composition analysis and distribution of elements on cross sections have been performed. Water-wall tubes were exposed in steam boiler for up to two years period. Common tubes made of 16Mo3 steel suffered sulphide and molten salts corrosions....
-
The Role of Thermal Monitoring in Cardiosurgery Interventions
PublikacjaThe results of a research project devoted to the analysis of the value of IR-thermal imaging in monitoring the quality of cardiosurgery interventions are presented. The role of the ADT is underlined.
-
Synthesis and thermal studies of flexible polyurethane nanocomposite foams obtained using nanoclay modified with flame retardant compound
PublikacjaThis work presents thermal studies of nanocomposites based on the flexible polyurethane (PU) matrix and filled using montmorillonite organically modified with organophosphorus flame retardant compound. Flexible PU nanocomposite foams were prepared in the reaction carried out between reactive alcoholic hydroxyl and isocyanate groups with the ratio of NCO to OH groups equal to 1.05. The amount of an organoclay ranging from 3 to 9...
-
Nondestructive corrosion degradation assessment based on asymmetry of guided wave propagation field
PublikacjaThe article presents the results of numerical and experimental investigation of guided wave propagation in steel plates subjected to corrosion degradation. The development of novel procedures allowing for the assessment of the corrosion degradation level is crucial in the effective diagnostics of offshore and ship structures that are especially subjected to aggressive environments. The study’s main aim is to investigate the influence...