Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: OPTIMAL CONTROL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT, SBR
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Sensorless Control of Induction Motor Based on Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Observer With Speed Convergence Improvement
PublikacjaThe super twisting sliding-mode observer (ST-SMO) has been proposed to achieve an effective method for alleviating low-order harmonics of measured quantities, issues related to DC drift, and suppression of chattering due to low-frequency sampling. The conventional ST-SMO, on the other hand, suffers from control delay in the convergence trajectory due to the system disturbance, resulting in decreased anti-disturbance capability...
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Differentiating patients with obstructive sleep apnea from healthy controls based on heart rate-blood pressure coupling quantified by entropy-based indices
PublikacjaWe introduce an entropy-based classification method for pairs of sequences (ECPS) for quantifying mutual dependencies in heart rate and beat-to-beat blood pressure recordings. The purpose of the method is to build a classifier for data in which each item consists of two intertwined data series taken for each subject. The method is based on ordinal patterns and uses entropy-like indices. Machine learning is used to select a subset...
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Adaptive Optimal Discrete-Time Output-Feedback Using an Internal Model Principle and Adaptive Dynamic Programming
PublikacjaIn order to address the output feedback issue for linear discrete-time systems, this work suggests a brand-new adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) technique based on the internal model principle (IMP). The proposed method, termed as IMP-ADP, does not require complete state feedback, merely the measurement of input and output data. More specifically, based on the IMP, the output control problem can first be converted into a stabilization...
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COMPARISON OF THE CONVENTIONAL AND ALTERNATIVE GRANULAR MATERIALS FOR DUAL-MEDIA FILTRATION OF GROUNDWATER: PILOT PLANT TESTING
PublikacjaNowadays, occurrence of abnormal mineral or organic natural (geogenic) compounds concentrations, in ground and infiltration water, but also quite often in surface waters, is now a common problem encountered in Poland, Europe and many other countries throughout the world. The most concern is usually paid on the removal of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) as well as anthropogenic compounds (in particular referring to the organic compounds...
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Incorporation of the sulfur cycle in sustainable nitrogen removal systems - A review
PublikacjaIn wastewater treatment systems, sulfur (S) removal processes are generally based on heterotrophic sulfate (SO42−) reduction by sulfate reducing bacteria and S-dependent autotrophic denitrification by sulfur oxidizing bacteria. A combination of either two cycles (N and S) or three cycles (N, S and C) appears to be a viable approach to sustainable wastewater treatment, resulting in energy savings and reduction of sludge production....
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REVIEW ON COMPETITION АОB AND NОВ AS AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT FOR COST EFFECTIVE METHODS OF REMOVING NITROGEN FROM WASTEWATER
PublikacjaThe aim of this paper is analysis of process principles and possible factors used to induce inhibition of nitrite oxidation by NOB (Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria) which could be obtained during not very well understood processes: so called “shortcut” or “partial” nitrification as well deammonification, by qualitative/quantitative studies of AOB (Ammonium Oxidizing Bacteria) and NOB populations in activated...
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Detection of the Oocyte Orientation for the ICSI Method Automation
PublikacjaAutomation or even computer assistance of the popular infertility treatment method: ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) would speed up the whole process and improve the control of the results. This paper introduces a preliminary research for automatic spermatozoon injection into the oocyte cytoplasm. Here, the method for detection a correct orientation of the polar body of the oocyte is presented. Proposed method uses deep...
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Influence of Cement Replacement with Sewage Sludge Ash (SSA) on the Heat of Hydration of Cement Mortar
PublikacjaThe amount of fly ash from the incineration of sewage sludge is increasing all over the world, and its utilization is becoming a serious environmental problem. In the study, a type of sewage sludge ash (SSA) collected directly from the municipal sewage treatment plant was used. Five levels of cement replacement (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 20%) and unchanged water-to-binder (w/b) ratio (0.55) were used. The purpose of the study was...
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Self-optimizing narrowband interference canceller - can reference signal help?
PublikacjaSONIC (Self-Optimizing Narrowband Interference Canceller) is an acronym of the recently proposed active noise control algorithm with interesting adaptivity and robustness properties. SONIC is a purely feedback controller, capable of rejecting nonstationary sinusoidal disturbances (with time-varying amplitudes and/or frequencies) in the presence of plant (secondary path) uncertainties. We show that even though SONIC can work reliably...
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Performance evaluation and model-based optimization of the mainstream deammonification in an integrated fixed-film activated sludge reactor
PublikacjaThis study aimed to model and optimize mainstream deammonification in an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) pilot plant under natural seasonal temperature variations. The effect of gradually decreasing temperature on the performance was evaluated during a winter season and a transition period to summer conditions, and the correlation of the performance parameters was investigated using principal component analysis (PCA)....
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Singlet oxygen-dominated peroxymonosulfate activation by layered crednerite for organic pollutants degradation in high salinity wastewater
PublikacjaAdvanced oxidation processes have been widely studied for organic pollutants treatment in water, but the degradation performance of radical-dominated pathway was severely inhibited by the side reactions between the anions and radicals, especially in high salinity conditions. Here, a singlet oxygen (1O2)-dominated non-radical process was developed for organic pollutants degradation in high salinity wastewater, with layered crednerite...
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Design and Analysis of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Models for Achieving Self-Sustainability in Sanitation
PublikacjaThe present study investigates the potential of using fecal ash as an adsorbent and demonstrates a self-sustaining, optimized approach for urea recovery from wastewater streams. Fecal ash was prepared by heating synthetic feces to 500 °C and then processing it as an adsorbent for urea adsorption from synthetic urine. Since this adsorption approach based on fecal ash is a promising alternative for wastewater treatment, it increases...
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Photocatalysts for Solar Energy Conversion
PublikacjaPhotocatalytic oxidation over suspended solid photocatalysts (e.g., titanium dioxide) has been proposed as a sustainable process for treatment and purification of water and wastewater as well as the process for photoconversion of solar energy to hydrogen, methane, and other low hydrocarbons. Solar radiation could be used to drive heterogeneous electrochemical reactions at the surface of an optically active photocatalyst (e.g.,...
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Electrochemical Production of Sodium Hypochlorite from Salty Wastewater Using a Flow-by Porous Graphite Electrode
PublikacjaThe production of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) from salty wastewater using an electrochemical cell has several advantages over other methods that often require hazardous chemicals and generate toxic waste, being more sustainable and environmentally friendly. However, the process of producing sodium hypochlorite using an electrochemical cell requires careful control of the operating conditions, such as the current density, flow rate,...
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The role of EMG module in hybrid interface of prosthetic arm
PublikacjaNearly 10% of all upper limb amputations concern the whole arm. It affects the mobility and reduces the productivity of such a person. These two factors can be restored by using prosthetics. However, the complexity of human arm makes restoring its basic functions quite difficult. When the osseointegration and/or targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) are not possible, different modalities can be used to control the prosthesis. In...
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Application analysis of a hybrid solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine system for marine power plants
PublikacjaThe results of theoretical studies of the possibilities of using hybrid solid oxide fuel cell–gas turbine (SOFC-GT) systems for marine power plants are presented. A 500 kW auxiliary marine power plant scheme using stacks of SOFCs in combination with a regenerative gas turbine operating with over-expansion based on our recent patent application is proposed. The results of mathematical modelling showed the opportunity to obtain a...
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Diagnostic PCR assay for Microsporum and Trichophyton infections
PublikacjaWe have previously described a highly sensitive 5-hour PCR test for the rapid diagnosis of onychomycosis which detects any dermatophyte and species-identify T. rubrum from patient specimens. We have subsequently developed and evaluated new PCR tests for detection of Trichophyton and Microsporum canis/audouinii infections.58 dermatophyte isolates (21) Microsporum spp. (4 different species), 35 Trichophyton spp (10 different species)...
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Selected aspects of performance of organic Rankine cycles incorporated into bioenergy with carbon capture and storage using gasification of sewage sludge
PublikacjaThe study aims to investigate the application of the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) in the bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) using gasification of sewage sludge. The tool used in the investigation is the Aspen Plus software with REFPROP property methods for calculating fluid properties. The reason for this study is that a detailed analysis of the proposed BECCS process flow diagram indicates that a certain amount of...
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Polish experience in operation of sludge treatment reed beds
PublikacjaSludge Treatment Reed Beds (STRBs) is the technology of sludge treatment, which is based on natural processes occurring in the environment, in specially designed and operated facilities to achieve benefits for the environment. Integrated dewatering and stabilization occur in reed systems. For economic and environmental reasons it is an attractive solution, especially in rural areas where there are no appropriate facilities. In...
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Assessment of diversity and composition of bacterial community in Sludge Treatment Reed Bed systems
PublikacjaDue to their low emission of odours and lack of the need to apply additional chemical agents, sludge treatment reed beds (STRBs) constitute an economically feasible and eco-friendly approach to sewage sludge management. Correctly designed and operated STRBs ensure effective reduction of the dry matter content coupled with the mineralisation of organic compounds. Successful operation of STRBs relies on complex interactions between...
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Changes of microbiological quality of water in distribution system. Zmiany mikrobiologicznej jakości wody w sieci dystrybucyjnej.
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono mikrobiologiczną jakość wody podziemnej uzdatnianej w dwóch stacjach oczyszczania wody (WTP I i WTP II), w sieci dystrybucyjnej. Obie stacje uzdatniania stosują dezynfekcję za pomocą dwutlenku chloru. Badania wykazały wzrost ogólnej liczby bakterii w miarę zwiększania się odległości od stacji uzdatniania.In the paper microbiological quality of water in distribution system produced in two ground water treatment...
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Comparable analysis of PID controller settings in order to ensure reliable operation of active foil bearings
PublikacjaIn comparison to the traditional solutions, active bearings offer great operating flexibility, ensure better operating conditions over a wider range of rotational speeds and are safe to use. In order to ensure optimum bearing performance a bearing control system is used that adapts different geometries during device operation. The selection of optimal controller parameters requires the use of modern optimization methods that make...
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Maximizing SDN resilience to node‐targeted attacks through joint optimization of the primary and backup controllers placements
PublikacjaIn Software Defined Networks (SDN) packet data switches are configured by a limited number of SDN controllers, which respond to queries for packet forwarding decisions from the switches. To enable optimal control of switches in real time the placement of controllers at network nodes must guarantee that the controller-to-controller and switch-to-controller communications delays are bounded. Apart from the primary controllers that...
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Process Control of Biogas Purification Using Electronic Nose
PublikacjaNowadays, biogas produced from landfills and wastewater treatment plants or lignocellulosic biomass is important sustainable and affordable source of energy. Impurities from biogas stream can cause a serious odor problem, especially for residents of areas immediately adjacent to production plants. Therefore, biogas pre-treatment is necessary to protect engines that convert biogas into energy and in order to increase the specific...
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Robust identification of quadrocopter model for control purposes
PublikacjaThe paper addresses a problem of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (so-called X4-flyer or quadrocopter) utility model identification for control design purposes. To that goal the quadrotor model is assumed to be composed of two abstracted subsystems, namely a rigid body (plant) and four motors equipped with blades (actuators). The model of the former is acquired based on a well-established dynamic equations of motion while the...
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Human Factors and Functional Safety Analysis in Designing the Control Rooms of Industrial Hazardous Plants
PublikacjaIn this work some aspects of human factors and functional safety analysis in designing the control rooms of industrial hazardous plants are presented. The “defence in depth” (D-in-D) concept is outlined. Some designing issues of the alarm system (AS) with regard to human factors to be supported using the human reliability analysis (HRA) are discussed. The AS and decision support system (DSS), when properly designed, would contribute...
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Physicochemical Properties and Application of Silica-Doped Biochar Composites as Efficient Sorbents of Copper from Tap Water
PublikacjaThis article concerns research on new sorption materials based on silica-doped activated carbon. A two-stage synthesis involved pyrolysis of plant material impregnated in a water glass solution , followed by hydrothermal activation of the pyrolysate in KOH solution. The resulting composite can be used as a sorbent in drinking water filters. The proposed method of synthesis enables the design of materials with a surface area...
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Hybrid SONIC: joint feedforward–feedback narrowband interference canceler
PublikacjaSONIC (self-optimizing narrowband interference canceler) is an acronym of a recently proposed active noise control algorithm with interesting adaptivity and robustness properties. SONIC is a purely feedback controller, capable of rejecting nonstationary sinusoidal disturbances (with time-varying amplitude and/or frequency) in the presence of plant (secondary path) uncertainty. We show that although SONIC can work reliably without...
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Model-Free Controller Tuning Based on DFT Processing: Application to Induction Motor Drives
PublikacjaIn this paper, we present a new approach based on discrete Fourier transform (DFT) analysis for controller tuning of the closed-loop system with unknown plant. The DFT analysis is used to process the closed-loop measurements collected online to derive the frequency response of an initial closed-loop system that does not provide a good performance. Based on the closed-loop frequency response data, we propose two methods for tuning PID...
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Optymalizacja efektywności hamowania odzyskowego w transporcie szynowym przez sterowanie czasem przyjazdu na stację
PublikacjaArtykuł nawiązuje do poprzednich prac autorów, w których przedstawiono model organizacji ruchu kooperujących pociągów z uwzględnieniem optymalizacji wykorzystania energii zwracanej do sieci jezdnej. W przedstawionej pracy zmodyfikowano model zmieniając główną zmienną sterującą, mającą wpływ na efektywne wykorzystanie energii, z czasu odjazdu na czas przyjazdu pociągu na stację lub przystanek. Optymalizacja dokonywana jest przez...
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Cellulose and its derivatives, coffee grounds, and cross-linked, β-cyclodextrin in the race for the highest sorption capacity of cationic dyes in accordance with the principles of sustainable development
PublikacjaIn this study, seven different materials were analyzed and includes coffee grounds (CG), two types of cellulose (CGC and CC), two types of modified cellulose (CT and CTCD), and cross-linked β-cyclodextrin (CD-1 and CD-2) were tested as adsorbents for the removal of dyes from the wastewater. The composition, morphology, and presence of functional groups in the obtained sorption materials were characterized by elemental analysis,...
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Influence of Phosphorus Speciation on Its Chemical Removal from Reject Water from Dewatering of Municipal Sewage Sludge
PublikacjaThe aim of the presented research was the assessment of phosphorus speciation impact on the precipitation of phosphorus in reject water using Ca(OH)2. To achieve this, phosphorus speciation (organic and inorganic phosphorus in suspension and in dissolved form) in reject water that is produced during sludge dewatering, after methane digestion in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), was determined. This study covered the materials...
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Behavior Based Complete Coverage Task of Unknown Area by an Autonomous Mobile Robot SCORPION with Static Obstacles in Environment
PublikacjaIn the paper the behavior based control system of an autonomous mobile robot SCORPION is presented to execute the one of the most difficult navigation task, which is the complete coverage task of unknown area with static obstacles in the environment. The main principle assumed to design control system was that the robot should cover all area only once, if it possible, to optimize the length of path and energy consumption. All commercial...
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Purification of model biogas from toluene using deep eutectic solvents
PublikacjaBiogas from landfills and wastewater treatment facilities typically contain a wide range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), that can cause severe operational problems when biogas is used as fuel. Among the contaminants commonly occur aromatic compounds, i.e. benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene and xylenes (BTEX). In order to remove BTEX from biogas, different processes can be used. A promising process for VOCs removal is their absorption...
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The Occurrence and Role of Tetrasphaera in Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal Systems
PublikacjaThe application of enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has commonly been utilized worldwide. However, the optimum efficiency has not been realized over the past decades, prompting many studies and publications. The limitations, especially comprehension of the abundance and actual potential of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs), are not fully understood. Recently identified...
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Cognitive engineering and functional safety technology for reducing risks in hazardous plants
PublikacjaCognitive engineering is considered nowadays as interesting multidisciplinary domain that focuses on improving the relations between humans and the systems that are supervised and operated. The industrial automation and control systems (IACS) in hazardous plants are increasingly computerized and perform various safety functions. These are designed and implemented according to the functional safety concept. The objective is to maintain...
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Patch size setup and performance/cost trade-offs in multi-objective EM-driven antenna optimization using sequential domain patching
PublikacjaPurpose This paper aims to assess control parameter setup and its effect on computational cost and performance of deterministic procedures for multi-objective design optimization of expensive simulation models of antenna structures. Design/methodology/approach A deterministic algorithm for cost-efficient multi-objective optimization of antenna structures has been assessed. The algorithm constructs a patch connecting extreme Pareto-optimal...
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Ongoing progress on novel nanocomposite membranes for the separation of heavy metals from contaminated water
PublikacjaMembranes, as the primary separation element of membrane-based processes, have greatly attracted the attention of researchers in several water treatment applications, including wastewater treatment, water purification, water disinfection, toxic and non-toxic chemical molecules, heavy metals, among others. Today, the removal of heavy metals from water has become challenging, in which chemical engineers are approaching new materials...
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Selective Harmonic Elimination PWM For a Cascaded Multi-level Inverter
PublikacjaThis paper deals with the selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation (SHE-PWM) technique. This technique is used for the elimination of selected dominant low order harmonics in the multi-level inverter output voltage. The presence of these harmonics is the essential drawback of such kind of inverters; especially when it is used for the control of different AC drivers. The SHE-PWM is based...
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Asynchronous Charge Carrier Injection in Perovskite Light-Emitting Transistors
PublikacjaUnbalanced mobility and injection of charge carriers in metal-halide perovskite light-emitting devices pose severe limitations to the efficiency and response time of the electroluminescence. Modulation of gate bias in methylammonium lead iodide light-emitting transistors has proven effective in increasing the brightness of light emission up to MHz frequencies. In this work, a new approach is developed to improve charge carrier...
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Nontoxic Goiter (NTG) and Radioiodine: What Do Patients Think About It? Quality of Life in Patients with NTG Before and After 131-I Therapy
PublikacjaObjective Despite numerous publications regarding nontoxic goiter (NTG) treatment and an increasing interest in patients’ quality of life, few studies present the outcome of 131-I treatment from the patients’ perspective. Our study’s main aim was to verify whether there is any improvement in life quality following 131-I treatment. Materials and methods Thirty-five patients with NTG qualified to participate in the study. All patients...
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The difficulties in polybrominated diphenyl ethers identification by GC-EI-MS technique
PublikacjaAwareness about the harmful effects of brominated flame retardants on living organisms increases mainly due to link their presence in the human environment with health disorders. Therefore is a need to conduct research aimed at content control of these chemicals in the environment. Recent improvements in injection techniques and mass spectrometer ionization methods have led to a variety of options to determine PBDEs in environmental...
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High Performance Control of AC Drives with Matlab/ Simulink
PublikacjaExplore this indispensable update to a popular graduate text on electric drive techniques and the latest converters used in industry. The Second Edition of High Performance Control of AC Drives with Matlab®/Simulink delivers an updated and thorough overview of topics central to the understanding of AC motor drive systems. The book includes new material on medium voltage drives, covering state-of-the-art technologies and challenges...
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Brain circuit imprints of developmental 17α-Ethinylestradiol exposure in guppies (Poecilia reticulata): Persistent effects on anxiety but not on reproductive behaviour
PublikacjaThe effects of endocrine disruptors may vary with the timing of exposure. The physiological implications of adult exposure are present during and shortly after exposure while embryonic exposure can imprint changes manifested in adulthood. In this study, guppy (Poecilia reticulata) embryos were exposed to 2 and 20 ng/L of 17α-ethinylestradiol during development via the mother and reared in clean water from gestation until 6 months...
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Application of the near-infrared spectroscopy in the pharmaceutical technology
PublikacjaNear-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is currently the fastest-growing and the most versatile analytical method not only in the pharmaceutical sciences but also in the industry. This review focuses on recent NIR applications in the pharmaceutical technology. This article covers monitoring, by NIR, of many manufacturing processes, such as granulation, mixing or drying, in order to determine the end-point of these processes. In this...
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Approach to security assessment of critical infrastructures' information systems
PublikacjaThis study presents an approach to the security assessment of the information systems of critical infrastructures. The approach is based on the faithful reconstruction of the evaluated information system in a computer security laboratory followed by simulations of possible threats against the system. The evidence collected during the experiments, stored and organised using a proprietary system InSAW, may later be used for the creation...
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Integrated safety and security analysis of hazardous plants and systems of critical infrastructure
PublikacjaThis article addresses an integrated safety and security analysis approach of hazardous industrial plants and systems of critical infrastructure. Nowadays due to new hazards that emerge there are opinions among experts that these issues require an integrated approach in life cycle, from the design concept, through the design and operation of the plant, to its decommissioning. It is proposed to start from an interesting methodology...
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Synteza układu sterowania statkiem morskim dynamicznie pozycjonowanym w warunkach niepewności
PublikacjaNiniejsza monografia obejmuje zagadnienia związane z syntezą układu dynamicznego pozycjonowania statku w środowisku morskim z zastosowaniem wybranych nieliniowych metod sterowania. W ramach pracy autorka rozważała struktury sterowania z zastosowaniem wektorowej adaptacyjnej metody backstep oraz metod jej pokrewnych, takich jak regulatory MSS (ang. multiple surface sliding), DSC (ang. dynamic surface control), NB (ang. neural backstepping)....
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Impact of Cultivation Conditions, Ethylene Treatment, and Postharvest Storage on Selected Quality and Bioactivity Parameters of Kiwifruit “Hayward” Evaluated by Analytical and Chemometric Methods
PublikacjaOrganic, semiorganic, and conventional “Hayward” kiwifruits, treated with ethylene for 24 h and stored during 10 days, were assessed by UV spectrometry, fluorometry, and chemometrical analysis for changes in selected characteristics of quality (firmness, dry matter and soluble solid contents, pH, and acidity) and bioactivity (concentration of polyphenols via Folin-Ciocalteu and p-hydroxybenzoic acid assays). All of the monitored...
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Natural Products Counteracting Cardiotoxicity during Cancer Chemotherapy: The Special Case of Doxorubicin, a Comprehensive Review
PublikacjaCardiotoxicity is a frequent undesirable phenomenon observed during oncological treatment that limits the therapeutic dose of antitumor drugs and thus may decrease the effec-‐‑ tiveness of cancer eradication. Almost all antitumor drugs exhibit toxic properties towards cardiac muscle. One of the underlying causes of cardiotoxicity is stimulation of oxidative...