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Search results for: SOLID STATE REACTIONS
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Study of the High-Pressure Superconducting State in H3Se at 300 GPa
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Characteristics of the s–Wave Symmetry Superconducting State in the BaGe3 Compound
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Present state and future of wetland technology in environmental protection in Poland
Publication: Polish experience with implementation and operation of constructed wetland systems are presented. Wetland technology can be applied for the removal of contaminants from aerial sources, point sources and for utilization of sewage sludge.From 1994-2002 monitoring of three different facilities for water protection was carried out. Substantial im-provement of water quality after implementation of the facilities was observed.From...
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On intermolecular potential determination via equations of state and by acoustic data
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Disposable pipette tips extraction: Fundamentals, applications and state of the art
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"Ash" [æ] sound then and now: an overview of the current state of knowledge
PublicationThe objective of this article is to review the existing studies on the British Received Pronunciation “ash” [æ] sound, as well as its variations outside the United Kingdom. It starts with a short analysis of sociolinguistic aspects of the Received Pronunciation accent, then it points out the most conspicuous differences between the Received Pronunciation and General American vowel systems. Then, it presents the early beginnings...
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Substituent Effect in the First Excited Singlet State of Monosubstituted Benzenes
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Parameter selection of an adaptive PI state observer for an induction motor
PublicationThe paper discusses problems connected with the parameters selection of the proportional-integral observer, designed for recon- struction of magnetic fluxes and angular speed of an induction motor. The selection is performed in several stages that are focused on different criteria. The first stage consists in selecting observer’s gains and provides desired dynamical properties, taking into consideration immunity to disturbances and...
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Recycling of Photovoltaic Solar Cells and Modules - Te State - Of - Art
PublicationIn comparison to other energy producing techniques, photovoltaics (PV) is one of the most promising options: no emission of any matter into the environment during operation; extremely long operation period (estimated average: 25 years), minimum maintenance, robust technique, aesthetic aspects. The use of photovoltaics is rapidly increasing, and the respective market is developing accordingly. Although PV manufacturing equipment...
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State of the art and prospects of methods for determination of lipophilicity of chemical compounds
PublicationLipophilicity of the compounds is useful to (i) explain their distribution in biological systems, which is different in plant and in animal organisms, (ii) predict the possible pathways of pollutant transport in the environment, and (iii) support drug discovery process and select optimal composition in terms of bioactivity and bioavailability. The lipophilic properties can be determined by two main approaches, experimental, which...
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PU Polymers, Their Composites, and Nanocomposites: State of the Art and New Challenges
PublicationThe chapter is a review of the polyurethane(PU)-based composites and nanocomposites. The chapter details different components in the manufacturing of PU polymers, composites, and nanocomposites. The different types of glycols, isocyanates, and catalysts that are used for the synthesis of different polyurethanes are discussed. The applications and specialties of polyurethane composites and nanocomposites are also elaborated on.
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Seismic Pounding Between Bridge Segments: A State-of-the-Art Review
PublicationEarthquake-induced structural pounding in bridge structures has been observed in several previous seismic events. Collisions occur at the expansion joints provided between adjacent decks or between the deck and abutment. Pounding between the structural elements may lead to severe damages and even to the unseating of the bridge in certain cases. Several investigations have been performed to study pounding in bridges under uniform...
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Disaster Resilience of Optical Networks: State of the Art, Challenges, and Opportunities
PublicationFor several decades, optical networks, due to their high capacity and long-distance transmission range, have been used as the major communication technology to serve network traffic, especially in the core and metro segments of communication networks. Unfortunately, our society has often experienced how the correct functioning of these critical infrastructures can be substantially hindered by massive failures triggered by natural...
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Investigation of rotational state-changing collisions of C2N− ions with helium
PublicationThe cross sections for rotational inelastic collisions between atoms and a molecular anion can be very large, if the anion has a dipole moment. This makes molecular anions very efficient in cooling atomic gases. We address rotational inelastic collisions of Helium atoms with the molecular anion C2N–. Here we present preliminary calculations of the potential energy surface.
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THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN TAXATION. POLISH TAX POLICY AFTER 2015
PublicationThis article is an attempt to present and evaluate tax policy Polish of the years 2015-2020, i.e. the period which resulted in formulating the new government. These time was a period of tax reforms, the introduction of new taxes and public tributes, as well as new mechanisms to control tax collection. Moreover, the policies introduced also concern changes in the level of fiscalism and tax redistribution. The research methods adopted...
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The state of the art in the field of decrease the pollution in the South Baltic area
PublicationVarious form of human activity such as maritime transports, industrial activities, busy traffic, intensive farming and animal husbandry can have negative impact on natural marine environment. Baltic Sea catchment area is characterized by the high river water flux and wastewater treatment plants discharges. Additionally, the limited shallow connection to the North Sea results in little water exchange and residence time of approximately...
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Constitutive models for technical woven fabric state of the art and futuretrends.
PublicationPrzedstawiono główne kierunki rozwoju nieliniowych praw konstytutywnych służących do opisu zachowania tkaniny technicznej z uwzględnieniem niesprężystych właściwości wątku i osnowy. Praca zawiera krótki rys historyczny rozwoju praw oraz omówienie typowych prób laboratoryjnych służących do identyfikacji parametrów materiałowych.
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Liquid water. Analytical equation of state and acoustic parameters evaluation.
PublicationRównanie stanu dla ciekłej wody zaproponowane przez Jefferya - Austina zastosowano do obliczeń prędkości dźwięku oraz parametru nieliniowości B/A. Parametry akustyczne są porównywane z danymi doświadczalnymi.
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Shielded HMSIW-based frequency-tunable self-quadruplexing antenna using different solid/liquid dielectrics
PublicationThis article proposes a frequency-tunable self-quadruplexing antenna based on a shielded half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (S-HMSIW). In order to reduce the size of the HMSIW cavity resonator and to obtain quad-band characteristics, a modied E-shaped slot is engraved on the top of the metal. The experimental validation is carried out after analyzing the data using a circuit model. Flexibility of each resonant frequency is...
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Direct solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography – Mass spectrometry for the determination of biogenic amines in wine
PublicationA direct method based on immersion solid phase microextraction (DI-SPME) gas chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) was optimized and validated for the determination of 16 biogenic amines in Polish wines. In the analysis two internal standards were used: 1,7-diaminoheptane and bis-3-aminopropylamine. The method allows for simultaneous extraction and derivatization, providing a simple and fast mode of extraction and enrichment....
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Adaptation of the arbitrary Lagrange–Euler approach to fluid–solid interaction on an example of high velocity flow over thin platelet
PublicationThe aim of this study is to analyse the behaviour of a thin plate with air flow velocities of 0.3–0.9 Ma. Data from the experiment and numerical tools were used for the analysis. For fluid–solid interaction calculations, the arbitrary Lagrange–Euler approach was used. The results of the measurements are twofold. The first one is the measurement of the flow before and after vibrating plate, i.e. pure flow plate, and the second consists...
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Low temperature processed MnCo2O4 and MnCo1.8Fe0.2O4 as effective protective coatings for solid oxide fuel cell interconnects at 750 °C
PublicationIn this study two materials, MnCo2O4 and MnCo1.8Fe0.2O4 are studied as potential protective coatings for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell interconnects working at 750 °C. First powder fabrication by a modified Pechini method is described followed by a description of the coating procedure. The protective action of the coating applied on Crofer 22 APU is evaluated by following the area specific resistance (ASR) of the scale/coating for 5500...
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Analytical ‘Steady-State’-Based Derivation and Clarification of the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy Condition for Pipe Flow
PublicationThis article addresses the problem of choosing the optimal discretization grid for emulating fluid flow through a pipeline. The aggregated basic flow model is linearized near the operating point obtained from the steady state analytic solution of the differential equations under consideration. Based on this model, the relationship between the Courant number (μ) and the stability margin is examined. The numerically set coefficient...
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Analytical studies on the environmental state of the Svalbard archipelago - critical source of information about anthropogenic global impact
PublicationThe Svalbard archipelago differs from other polar regions due to its specific environmental conditions and geographic location which make the area gather pollution from long-range transport. Due to the recent development in analytical techniques it is possible to determine the concentration of pollutants at the level present there. This paper collates and discusses the information from the literature about: pollutants present in...
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Comprehensive stabilization of all streams of solid residues formed during sewage sludge thermal treatment – Case study
PublicationModern wastewater treatment plants are currently struggling with the problem of processing and ecological management of sewage sludge. Thermal utilization is a frequently used practice of excess sludge utilization especially in large wastewater treatment plants, which seems to be a quite promising concept. However, during thermal treatment, fractions of ashes and dusts are generated. Such wastes, especially the dust fraction, can...
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Gasification of Densified Biomass (DB) and Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Using HTA/SG Technology
PublicationThe necessity of economical and rational use of natural energy sources caused a rapid development of research on the possibilities of using non‐conventional energy resources. Taking the above into account, a new technological process of thermochemical conversion of biomass and communal waste, commonly known as High Temperature Air/Steam Gasification (HTA/SG) and Multi‐Staged Enthalpy Extraction Technology (HTAG‐MEET), was developed....
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Is it possible to create a unified urban greenery management system (UGMS) on a national scale? The concept for EU Member State of Poland
PublicationMotives: Currently developed urban greenery management systems (UGMS) are limited in scope and profiled towards solving particular issues. Moreover, due to the lack of common standards and solutions, UGMS implementation requires considerable financial effort, which is only feasible for wealthy urban centres. There is a need for universal, cost-effective technological solutions which could constitute a common urban green infrastructure...
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Solid and liquid fractionation of sugarcane and Agave bagasse during ozonolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis: Impact on biohydrogen and biogas production
PublicationSustainable and cost-efficient lignocellulosic biomass-to-energy bioprocesses require assessing the main components released during biomass fractionation. This study assessed the mesophilic biochemical potential of biohydrogen (BHP) and methane production (BMP) from sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and cooked (CAB) and uncooked (UAB) Agave bagasse. A systematic comparative analysis was performed for the liquid and solid fractions derived...
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Sum-over-state expressions including second-order Herzberg–Teller effects for the calculation of absorption and resonance Raman intensities
PublicationThe sum-over-state expressions are derived to calculate the second-order Herzberg–Teller (HT) effects in absorption and resonance Raman spectroscopies. These effects depend on the second derivatives of the transition dipole moment with respect to the vibrational coordinates. The method is applied to the molecule of 1,3-butadiene using density functional theory calculations. It is found that the second-order HT effects are significant...
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Bifunctional sulfur-silicon podands as new nucleophilic ionophores in acyl transfer reactions. Influence of monovalent cations on the reaction kinetics
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FTIR, NMR and kinetic studies of proton transfer reactions from nitro-substituted diarylmethanes to N-bases with guanidine character
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Multisine impedimetric probing of biocatalytic reactions for label-free detection of DEFB1 gene: How to verify that your dog is not human?
PublicationAlbert is a dog (Canis familiaris), but he does not realize this. Albert loves human food (and beer), watching movies on the internet, sleeping in bed, and more. But he should not do all these things. To convince him that, we have desinged a test procedure. The DEFB1 gene is unique to human species. Detecting its presence from saliva and in short periods may offer an advantage in the field of forensic medicine, and influence Albert’s...
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Solid Phase Micro-Extraction, a Versatile and Handy Tool in Environmental Trace Organic Analysis, Gets a New Class of Coatings, Polymeric Ionic Liquids
PublicationSolid phase microextraction (SPME) fundamentals, characteristics and application are described. The special stress is put on characteristics of sorbents used as SPME fiber coatings. Description of commercially available fibers and the present-day trends in development of new sorbents for SPME are given. Discussion is focused on possibility of application of ionic liquids (IL) and polymeric ionic liquids (PIL) as SPME fiber coatings....
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Vulnerability of municipal solid waste: An emerging threat to aquatic ecosystems
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Evaluation of sorption capabilities of biopolymeric microspheres by the solid-phase extraction
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Terminal and hindered settling of solid particles in O/W emulsions
PublicationProwadzono badania szybkości opadania swobodnego cząstek stałych w emulsjach typu O/W oraz sedymentacji zawiesin ciało stałe - emulsja. Zbadano wpływ stężenia zawiesiny na szybkość sedymentacji. Opracowano zależność na prędkość opadania cząstek stałych w zawiesinacjh w emulsjach O/W w zakresie ruchu laminarnego.
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Solid-Phase Microextraction for the Determination of Inorganic Ions: Applications and Possibilities
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Porous, High Capacity Coatings for Solid Phase Microextraction by Sputtering
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The effect of surfactants mixtures composition on wetting of different solid materials
PublicationThe wetting properties of surfactants mixtures were investigated. Three types of compounds were used: nonionic gemini α, α'-[2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diyl]bis[ω-hydroxyl-olioxyethylene] (S-10), anionic sodium dodecyl sulphates (SDS) and cationic dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB). The materials used in wetting experiments were steel and methyl polymethacrylate. These materials differ...
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Metal Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells - Selected Aspects
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań nad tlenkowymi ogniwami paliwowymi zbudowanymi na stalowym interkonektorze.
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Fabrication and characterization of anode supported solid oxide fuel cells
PublicationW tej pracy, napylanie aerozolowe zawiesiny proszków jest oceniane jako metoda osadzania cienkich elektrolitów tlenkowych ogniw paliwowych. Metoda ta jest tania, prosta i mam zalety w stosunku do szeroko stosowanej metody sitodruku. Wpływ parametrów osadzania: stężenie zawiesiny, ciśnienie robocze są w artykule omawiane.
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Magnetic hyperfine modulation of charge photogeneration in solid films of Alq3.
PublicationZewnętrzne pole magnetyczne (B=100mT) zwiększa fotoprzewodnictwo w hydro-sychinolinowym kompleksie aluminium (Alq3) o 6%. W silniejszych polach magnetycznych (B>100mT) wielkość efektu osiąga stałą wartość. Zaobserwowane wyniki doświadczalne wyjaśniono biorąc pod uwagę magnetyczno-polową modulację oddziaływań nadsubtelnych singletowych i trypletowych par elektron-dziurawy tworzonych w procesie fotogeneracji ładunku.
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Single chamber solid oxide fuel cell - investigation of cathodes
PublicationSporo uwagi w ostatnim okresie przykuwają jednokomorowe ogniwa w związku z potencjalnym uroszczeniem konstrukcji w porównaniu z konwencjonalnymi ogniwami. W pracy zbadano wpływ warunków syntezy różnych materiałów katodowych na wydajność ogniw. Ogniwa zbudowane zostały z typowych materiałow stosowanych na ogniwa: stabilizowanego tleneku cyrkonu jako elektrolit, cermetu niklowego jako anody oraz samaru kobaltanu domieszkowanego strontem,...
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Low-temperature processed anode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
PublicationPrzygotowano i przebadano kompozytową anode Ni/YSZ, która została przygotowana z wykorzystaniem technologii net shape. Wyniki potwierdziły, że kompozyt może być wykorzystany jako potencjalna anoda w tlenkowych ogniwach paliwowych.
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Monitoring of solid behaviour during gravitational flow in rectangular silo
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów zmian koncentracji w protokątnym modelu silosu. Omówiono przyczyny błędów pomiarowych w modelu protkątnym, zarówno dla danych surowych, jak rózniez danych zrekonstruowanych.
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Excitation energy transport and trapping in concentrated solid solution of flavomononucleotide
PublicationW pracy analizowano bez promienisty transfer energii w stężonych stałych roztworach (folie polimerowe) FMN. W w/w roztworach występują świecące dimery FMN. Pokazano, że jedynie uwzględnienie powrotnego transferu energii pozwala zadowalająco wyjaśnić mechanizm przenoszenia energii w badanych układach.
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Excitation energy transport and trapping in concentrated solid solutions offlavomononucleotide.
PublicationPraca dotyczy właściwości transportu i pułapkowania energii wzbudzenia w układzie monomer dimer dla flawomononukleotydu rozpuszczonego w filmach alkoholu poliwinylowego. Pokazano, że w tym przypadku wydajność kwantowa i depolaryzacja nie dają się opisać w ramach teorii nie uwzględniającej powrotnego przekazywania energii i że znacznie lepsza zgodność uzyskanych wyników doświadczalnych zachodzi z teorią, w której fluoryzujące...
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Physical and sealing properties of BaO–Al2O3–SiO2–CaO–V2O5 glasses for solid oxide fuel cell applications
PublicationIn this study, the properties of BaO–Al2O3–SiO2 (SAB) glasses incorporated with CaO and V2O5 as the network modifier and additive, respectively, are evaluated. The electrical resistivities of the glasses decrease upon the addition of CaO but increase upon increasing their V2O5 content because the V5+ species lower the ionic mobility of the glasses. The addition of V2O5 improves the wettability of the glasses on the Crofer 22 APU...
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Tuning Electrochemical Performance by Microstructural Optimization of the Nanocrystalline Functional Oxygen Electrode Layer for Solid Oxide Cells
PublicationFurther development of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) oxygen electrodes can be achieved through improvements in oxygen electrode design by microstructure miniaturisation alongside nanomaterials implementation. In this work, improved electrochemical performance of an La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-d (LSCF) cathode was achieved by the controlled modification of the La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-d (LSC) nanocrystalline interlayer introduced between a porous...
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Improvement of Oxygen Electrode Performance of Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Cells by Spray Pyrolysis Deposited Active Layers
PublicationIntermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells oxygen electrodes are modified by active interfacial layers. Spray pyrolysis is used to produce thin (≈500 nm) layers of mixed ionic and electronic conductors: Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3−δ (SSC), La0.6Sr0.4CoO3−δ (LSC), La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (LSCF), and Pr6O11 (PrOx) on the electrode–electrolyte interface. The influence of the annealing temperature on the electrode polarization (area specific...