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Search results for: biomass%20conversion
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Optimization of a three-bed adsorption chiller by genetic algorithms and neural networks
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Iron filled carbon nanostructures from different precursors
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Comparative study on purity evaluation of singlewall carbon nanotubes
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Two-phase flow phenomena assessment in minichannels for compact heat exchangers using image analysis methods
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Design and thermodynamic and thermoeconomic analysis of an organic Rankine cycle for naval surface ship applications
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The investment risk forecasting in a local energy market
PublicationThe paper considers the general problems faced when evaluating the risk of investing in a local energy market by computer tools. The proposal formulated for the emerging local energy markets suggests broadening the method of evaluating investment risk so as to include elements of cluster analysis. The paper also discusses the significance of estimating investment risk in market terms and the importance and range of the local energy...
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Thermally affected parameters of the current-voltage characteristics of silicon photocell
PublicationW pracy wykazano: zależność wzrostu prądu zwarcia wskutek absorpcji dodatkowych fotonów ze wzrostem temperatury, spadek napięcia wbudowanego złącza p-n wraz ze wzrostem temperatury, wpływ temperatury na zmianę napięcia otwartego obwodu. Dodatkowo wyznaczone odpowiednie współczynniki temperaturowe porównano z wartościami wynikającymi z rozważań teoretycznych. Badano parametry elektryczne następujących elementów wykonanych z amorficznego...
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Isothermal turbines − New challenges. Numerical and experimental investigations into isothermal expansion in turbine power plants
PublicationThe efficiency of power plants with steam or gas turbines depends on the efficiencies of a thermodynamic cycle and devices implementing this cycle. In the case of high power outputs, we cannot expect a significant increase in the efficiency of individual devices. Therefore, what remains is to increase the efficiency of the implemented thermodynamic cycle - the complex Rankine cycle in the case of steam turbines or the extended...
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Nanoparticle-assisted biohydrogen production from pretreated food industry wastewater sludge: Microbial community shifts in batch and continuous processes
PublicationBiohydrogen production from industrial waste has gained a significant attention as a sustainable energy source. In this study, the enrichment of biohydrogen production from pretreated dissolved air flotation (DAF) sludge, generated from food industry wastewater treatment plants, was investigated using SiO2@Cu-Ag dendrites cor- e–shell nanostructure (NS). The effect of NS on the changes of the microbial community and biohydrogen...
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On energy, exergy, and environmental aspects of a combined gas-steam cycle for heat and power generation undergoing a process of retrofitting by steam injection
PublicationThe paper presents a study of retrofitting of a combined heat and power (CHP) plant aimed to increase the electric to heating power ratio. The modification would involve diverting part of the steam to the gas turbine, instead of letting it go to the steam turbine, using injection technique into a combustion chamber. Therefore, two potential retrofitting approaches are analyzed: steam injection gas turbine (STIGT) and combined steam...
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Multiaspect measurement analysis of breaking energy recovery
PublicationNowadays the issue of electric energy saving in public transport is becoming a key area of interest, which is connected both with a growth of environmental awareness in the society and an increase in the prices of fuel and electricity. That is why the reduction of energy consumption by increasing electrified urban transport, such as trams, trolleybuses, light rail and underground is becoming an increasingly important issue. Energy...
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Combined cold supply system for ship application based on low GWP refrigerants - Thermo-economic and ecological analyses
PublicationThe withdrawal of popular high-GWP refrigerants will significantly affect maritime industry. Refrigeration and air conditioning systems currently used on ships are not ready to fulfil future limitations. Therefore, there is a need for system, which will operate with low-GWP refrigerants and at the same time will be efficient and reliable in difficult environmental conditions. This paper explains the concept of a cold supply system,...
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Different design aspects of an Organic Rankine Cycle turbine for electricity production using a geothermal binary power plant
PublicationIn recent years, pressure has been growing to increase the share of renewable energy sources in electricity generation, which may offer opportunities for the development of geothermal energy in regions that have been so far considered unprofitable in this respect. One such country currently undergoing an energy transition is Poland in which low-temperature geothermal resources are currently used for district heating and recreation...
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Technical and economic analysis of energy storage in the compressed air technology with low capacity for the production plant
PublicationCompressed air energy storage (CAES) system is a promising technology due to its numerous advantages, including relatively low maintenance cost, a long lifespan and high operational flexibility. This article explores the possibility of designing a CAES power plant as a source of electricity and heat for an existing industrial plant. The study involves the technical analysis of the power plant parameters and the economic analysis...
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Adaptive response of microbial communities to soluble microbial products.
PublicationBadano wpływ obecności ubocznych produktów mikroorganizmów na stężenie biomasy osadu czynnego oraz na efektywność obniżenia ładunku BZT5 i ChZT w ściekach syntetycznych. Doświadczenia prowadzono w obecności ubocznych produktów mikroorganizmów (Soluble Microbial Products) oraz w warunkach pozbawionych tych produktów.
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Hydroliza materiału lignocelulozowego w warunkach podwyższonego ciśnienia i temperatury połączona z gwałtownym rozprężaniem wody
PublicationWykorzystanie biomasy na cele energetyczne jako alternatywy dla paliw kopalnych jest atrakcyjne zarówno z powodów ekonomicznych jak i ekologicznych. Jedną z metod umożliwiających przygotowanie materiału lignocelulozowego do produkcji paliw takich jak etanol bądź metan, w procesie fermentacji, jest hydroliza.
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Proekologiczne odnawialne źródła energii
PublicationKsiążka poświęcona proekologicznym odnawialnym źródłom energii w kontekście tradycyjnych, nieodnawialnych nośników energii i ich wpływu na degradację środowiska. Scharakteryzowano, podano przykłady wykorzystania, koszty inwestycji i eksploatacji energii ze źródeł odnawialnych, w tym energii słonecznej, wiatrowej, wody, biomasy, geotermalnej i innych.
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Rozmieszczenie wybranych metali ciężkich w ekosystemie oczyszczalni hydrofitowej w Bielkowie.Distribution of heavy metals in ecosystem of free water surface system in Bielkowo.
PublicationIn the article the results of investigations of biomass crop and heavy metal contents in bottom sediments and in three species of plants (Glyceria maxima, Typha latifolia)inhabiting a wetland system in Bielkowo, Poland are presented. The measurements were carried out three times during the vegetation season (May, July and October). The contents of metals in different fragments of plants (leaves, stalks and roots) was analyzed....
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The Effect of Varying the Light Spectrum of a Scene on the Localisation of Photogrammetric Features
PublicationIn modern digital photogrammetry, an image is usually registered via a digital matrix with an array of colour filters. From the registration of the image until feature points are detected on the image, the image is subjected to a series of calculations, i.e., demosaicing and conversion to greyscale, among others. These algorithms respond differently to the varying light spectrum of the scene, which consequently results in the feature...
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Improving denitrification efficiency at the "Wschod" WWTP in Gdansk (Poland) - effects of different carbon sources
PublicationCelem badań było określenie wpływu dawkowania trzech różnych źródeł węgla (ścieków po oczyszczaniu mechanicznym, metanolu, ścieków gorzelnianych) na szybkość denitryfikacji, mierzoną w warunkach laboratoryjnych z osadem czynnym z oczyszczalni ścieków Gdańsk-Wschód. Największą szybkość procesu (4.8-5.2 mgN/(g*h)) zaobserwowano dla ścieków przemysłowych. Dodatkowo przeprowadzono badanie długości fazy adaptacji osadu do metanolu w...
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Renewable Resources for Polyurethanes and Polyurethane Composites: A Review
PublicationEach year, more than two million tons of polyurethane is produced in the EU by reacting isocyanates with polyols made from fossil fuel. In addition, there are appreciable quantities of petroleum based functional additives applied in the industry nowadays for both polyols and polyurethane materials. It is therefore of key importance to develop sustainable economically viable polyols with enhanced functionalities, and thereby reducing...
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Biorefinery Approach for H2 and Acids Production Based on Uncontrolled pH Fermentation of an Industrial Effluent
PublicationIn this work, the feasibility of uncontrolled pH acidogenic fermentation of industrial organic effluent from corn-bioethanol production was studied and modelled by using a Monod-based mathematical model. In order to do that, several tests were carried out at different initial pH values, ranging from 4 to 6. The experimental data showed a pH reduction during the fermentation process due to the generation of short-chain acids. When...
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Removal of phenolic inhibitor compounds from hydrolysates and post-fermentation broths by using a Hydrophobic Magnetic Deep Eutectic Solvent
PublicationHydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), furfural (FF), hydroquinone (HQ), and vanillin (VAN) are among the main inhibitors generated during most of biomass pre-treatments prior to fermentation processes. They are recognized as toxic to several fermentative microorganisms and therefore cause a decrease in biohydrogen or biofuel production (after hydrolysis). Moreover, if they are released into aqueous solutions (after fermentation), they can...
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Nanobiocatalysis for biofuel production
PublicationThe human race is relied on the use of conventional and non-renewable energy resources like fossil fuels for centuries. With the rising environmental issues linked with the use of these conventional energy resources, the trend soon shifted towards more robust and sustainable energy resources. In this regard, the different generations of biofuels have revolutionized the industrial sector by ensuring an eco-friendly and more economical...
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Red Algae – An Alternative Source of Carbon Material for Energy Storage Application
PublicationNew electrode material obtained by pyrolysis of aquatic biomass macro (red algae) soaked with glucose solution has been characterized by SEM, EDX and Raman spectroscopy. Graphitized carbon was identified by Raman spectroscopy. Galvanostatic cyclic polarization of the materials in contact with 1M LiPF6 electrolyte in EC:DMC (1:1 v/v) and Li as a counter electrode was performed. Specific capacity of the novel material was enhanced...
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Reducing Air Pollutant Emissions from the Residential Sector by Switching to Alternative Energy Sources in Single-Family Homes
PublicationThe paper discusses a scenario for adapting residential buildings to the requirements of the EU climate and energy package. It analyzes the option of reducing pollutant emissions to ambient air by switching to alternative energy sources in a typical single-family residential building. The most common sources of energy in central heating and ventilation systems and water heating systems were compared, and the analyzed energy carriers...
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DME as alternative fuel for compression ignition engines – a review
PublicationThe ecological issues and the depletion of crude oil, has led the researchers to seeking for non-petroleum based alternative fuels, along with more advanced combustion technologies, and after-treatment systems. The use of clean alternative fuels is the one of the most perspective method that aiming at resolving of the said issues. One of the promising alternative fuels that can be used as a clean highefficiency compression ignition...
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Potencjał biogazowy frakcji organicznej z odpadów komunalnych
PublicationPrzeprowadzono badania składu surowcowego odpadów komunalnych. W badaniach wykorzystano dwie frakcje odpadów organicznych, które zostały poddane procesowi termofilowej fermentacji metanowej. Pierwszą frakcję stanowiły odpady modelowe. Drugim surowcem biomasy była frakcja organicznych odpadów komunalnych pochodząca z systemu dualnego. Zbadano potencjał biogazowy frakcji organicznej odpadów komunalnych.
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Odnawialne i Odpadowe Źródła Energii
e-Learning CoursesCelem przedmiotu jest analiza norm prawnych związanych z sektorem energetycznym, głównie energetyki wykorzystujące zasoby odnawialne. Omówienie poszczególnych technologii energetyki odnawialnej z ich oddziaływaniem na środowiska. Omówiona zostanie możliwość wykorzystania biomasy w sektorze energetycznym ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem tego surowca na runku energetycznym w Polsce. Omówienie możliwości odzysku surowców z odpadów powstających...
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Combustion of low calorific fuel at room and high temperature and at different oxygen content in the oxidizer
PublicationPraca przedstawia wyniki badań spalania paliwa niskokalorycznego powstałego w wyniku gazyfikacji biomasy. Badania prowadzono w temperaturze pokojowej oraz w warunkach typowych dla technologii HiTAC, tj. w temperaturze powyżej samozapłonu paliwa i przy różnej zawartości tlenu w utleniaczu. Wykazano możliwość wykorzystania technologii HiTAC do spalania takich paliw.
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Eter dimetylowy - paliwo przyszłości
PublicationEter dimetylowy /DME/ jest uznawany za przyjazne środowisku paliwo przyszłości, ważny związek do magazynowania i dystrybucji energii, a także podstawowy substrat w technologii chemicznej. Produkuje się go z gazu syntezowego /który można otrzymać z węgla kamiennego/, gazu ziemnego, metanu z innych źródeł, koksu naftowego, biomasy, odpadów komunalnych.
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The electrical properties mesurements of DIR-SOFC with Ce0.8Fe0.2O2-s functional layer
Open Research DataThe dataset includes the electrical properties mesurements of SOFC with Ce0.8Fe0.1O2-s layer. Samples were produced using aqueous soft chemistry methods (microemulsion method) and applied in form of a layer onto the anode of the commercial SOFC. The SOFC was working under biogas feeding at 750oC. The layers were sintered at 1100oC.
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The electrical properties mesurements of DIR-SOFC with Ce0.8Co0.2O2-s functional layer
Open Research DataThe dataset includes the electrical properties mesurements of SOFC with Ce0.8Co0.1O2-s layer. Samples were produced using aqueous soft chemistry methods (microemulsion method) and applied in form of a layer onto the anode of the commercial SOFC. The SOFC was working under biogas feeding at 750oC. The layers were sintered at 1100oC.
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The electrical properties mesurements of DIR-SOFC with Ce0.8Mn0.2O2-s functional layer
Open Research DataThe dataset includes the electrical properties mesurements of SOFC with Ce0.8Mn0.1O2-s layer. Samples were produced using aqueous soft chemistry methods (microemulsion method) and applied in form of a layer onto the anode of the commercial SOFC. The SOFC was working under biogas feeding at 750oC. The layers were sintered at 1100oC.
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The electrical properties mesurements of DIR-SOFC with Ce0.8Ni0.2O2-s functional layer
Open Research DataThe dataset includes the electrical properties mesurements of SOFC with Ce0.8Ni0.1O2-s layer. Samples were produced using aqueous soft chemistry methods (microemulsion method) and applied in form of a layer onto the anode of the commercial SOFC. The SOFC was working under biogas feeding at 750oC. The layers were sintered at 1100oC.
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The electrical properties mesurements of DIR-SOFC with CeO2-s functional layer
Open Research DataThe dataset includes the electrical properties mesurements of SOFC with CeO2-s layer. Samples were produced using aqueous soft chemistry methods (microemulsion method) and applied in form of a layer onto the anode of the commercial SOFC. The SOFC was working under biogas feeding at 750oC. The layers were sintered at 1100oC.
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The electrical properties mesurements of DIR-SOFC with Ce0.8Cu0.2O2-s functional layer
Open Research DataThe dataset includes the electrical properties mesurements of SOFC with Ce0.8Cu0.1O2-s layer. Samples were produced using aqueous soft chemistry methods (microemulsion method) and applied in form of a layer onto the anode of the commercial SOFC. The SOFC was working under biogas feeding at 750oC. The layers were sintered at 1100oC.
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A mechanistic model for fate and removal of estrogens in biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems
PublicationTwo estrogen fate and transformation models were integrated with a comprehensive activated sludge model (ASM) to predict estrogen removal based on biomass and solids production. Model predictions were evaluated against published full-scale plant data as well as results from a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) fed synthetic wastewater. The estrogen fate model relating the rate of total estrogen degradation to soluble...
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A recent developments in polyurethane foams containing a low-cost and pro-ecological modifiers
PublicationDiversity of the polyurethane (PU) foams applications cause that investigation of the relationships between their structure and properties is currently very popular topic among the many research institutions and companies. At the turn of the last years many scientific papers about PU foams and their composites were published. The one of the main research trends in this field is related to the reduction of production costs of...
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Assessing the industrialization progress of hydrodynamic cavitation process intensification technology: a review
PublicationHydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is widely acknowledged as a promising green approach for enhancing various production and waste management processes, such as water treatment, sludge pretreatment, lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) pretreatment, emulsification, and food processing. Despite demonstrating superior industrialization potential compared with other emerging technologies such as ultrasound and microwave, the widespread commercial...
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SPECYFIKA OBLIGACJI ZAMIENNYCH EMITOWANYCH PRZEZ SPÓŁKI PUBLICZNE
PublicationUpublicznienie rynku instrumentów dłużnych przedsiębiorstw w Polsce umożliwiło spółkom bardziej efektywne pozyskiwanie środków finansowych poprzez zaciąganie długu u wierzycieli detalicznych, równolegle z istniejącą już możliwością pozyskiwania kapitałów własnych. Rynek ten otworzył także spółkom publicznym drogę do emisji obligacji zamiennych, które z kolei bez obecności instrumentów udziałowych emitenta na rynku publicznym, stają...
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Biopolyols obtained via crude glycerol-based liquefaction of cellulose: their structural, rheological and thermal characterization
PublicationIn this work lignocellulose biomass liquefaction was used to produce biopolyols suitable for the manufacturing of rigid polyurethane foams. In order to better evaluate the mechanism of the process, pure cellulose was applied as a raw material. The effect of time and temperature on the effectiveness of liquefaction and the parameters of resulting biopolyols were characterized. The prepared materials were analyzed in terms of their...
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Impact of abiotic stressors on nutrient removal and rhizomicrobiome composition in floating treatment wetland with Equisetum hyemale
PublicationFloating treatment wetlands (FTW) are receiving growing interest as a phyto-technology. However, there are significant research gaps regarding the actual role of plant species and plant-microbiome interactions. In this study, the nutrient uptake of Equisetum hyemale was examined in FTW microcosms under the influence of abiotic stressors: As (3 mg/L) and Pb (3 mg/L) as well as Cl− (300 and 800 mg/L) in reference to a control during...
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Hanna Obarska-Pempkowiak prof. dr hab. inż.
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Balancing Energy Inputs/Outputs and GHG Emissions for Sustainable Wastewater Treatment – a Case Study
PublicationThe aim of the study is a model-based evaluation of the selected operating modes and technological upgrades on the energy balance and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in a large wastewater treatment plant in the city of Slupsk (northern Poland). The considered scenarios focus on energy savings for aeration, increasing energy recovery via biogas cogeneration and reduction of the CO2 equivalent emission from both direct processes (related...
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Estimation of autotrophic maximum specific growth rate constant-experience from the long-term operation of a laboratory-scale Sequencing Batch Reactor System
PublicationW pracy wykorzystano wyniki badań z długookresowej eksploatacji laboratoryjnego reaktora typu SBR do estymacji stałej szybkości przyrostu bakterii nitryfikacyjnych. Badania obejmowały zarówno pomiary empiryczne (doświadczenia przy niskim stosunku substratu do biomasy) oraz symulacje komputerowe. Do symulacji dynamicznych wykorzystano jedną wartość współczynnika = 1,2 1/d, pomimo różnych wartości mierzonych jednostkowych szybkości...
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Inhibition of the granular anammox process by the high concentration of free ammonia.
PublicationHigh concentrations of ammonia and nitrite, typical for reject water treatment in the anammox process with the use of high temperatures and pH, may cause free ammonia (FA) inhibition. In this study, the inhibitory effect of FA on anammox process rate was investigated in a bench-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with granular anammox biomass. Results of the study present that the anammox process could be successfully operated...
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REVIEW ON COMPETITION АОB AND NОВ AS AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT FOR COST EFFECTIVE METHODS OF REMOVING NITROGEN FROM WASTEWATER
PublicationThe aim of this paper is analysis of process principles and possible factors used to induce inhibition of nitrite oxidation by NOB (Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria) which could be obtained during not very well understood processes: so called “shortcut” or “partial” nitrification as well deammonification, by qualitative/quantitative studies of AOB (Ammonium Oxidizing Bacteria) and NOB populations in activated...
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Oddziaływanie obiektów energetycznych na środowisko, PG_00041872
e-Learning CoursesCelem przedmiotu jest przekazanie umiejętności identyfikacji oddziaływania różnych obiektów energetycznych na środowisko naturalne. Oprócz wpływu energetyki konwencjonalnej opartej na spalaniu węgla, omówione zostaną efekty środowiskowe elektrowni wodnych, elektrowni wiatrowych, elektrowni jądrowych oraz elektrowni wykorzystujących gaz ziemny i gaz pochodzący z biomasy. Omówione zostaną także wybrane metody i technologie ograniczania...
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Synergism of floated paperboard sludge cake /sewage sludge for maximizing biomethane yield and biochar recovery from digestate: A step towards circular economy
PublicationAnaerobic digestion of floated paperboard sludge (PS) cake suffers from volatile fatty acids (VFAs) accumulation, nutrient unbalanced condition, and generation of digestate with a risk of secondary pollution. To overcome these drawbacks, sewage sludge (SS) was added to PS cake for biogas recovery improvement under a co-digestion process followed by the thermal treatment of solid fraction of digestate for biochar production. Batch...