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Search results for: soil ecology
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Comparison of conductivity averaging methods for one-dimensional unsaturated flow in layered soils
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono numeryczne rozwiązania równania Richardsa, opisującego nieustalony przepływ wody w uwarstwionym gruncie nienasyconym. Przeanalizowano różne metody obliczania średniej przewodności hydraulicznej między węzłami siatki numerycznej oraz różne możliwości położenia węzłów względem granic warstw gruntu. Najlepsze wyniki otrzymano stosując metodę uśredniania stanowiącą adaptację wcześniejszej propozycji jednego...
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Phytoavailability of potentially toxic elements from industrially contaminated soils to wild grass
PublicationTopsoil and grass samples from 14 sites located in different distances from three copper mining factories and a copper smelter were collected in Srednogorie, Bulgaria. The paper discusses results of studies on the mobility of potentially toxic elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) from contaminated soils to wild grass Cynodon dactylon in terms of transfer (TF: soil to plant) and phytoavailability (PF: EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic...
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Environmentally friedly propeller shaft support with the use of water lubricated foil bearings
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono podsumowanie prowadzonych badań w celu opracowania oryginalnej metodyki projektowania oraz technologii wykonania pierwszego w świecie łożyska foliowego smarowanego wodą. Zaprezentowano koncepcje nowego łożyska foliowego poprzecznego oraz opisano opracowany algorytm obliczeniowy wykorzystany do predykcji jego charakterystyk. W rezultacie prowadzonych prac opracowano i przebadano doświadczalnie na stanowisku...
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Influence of anisotropic stiffness in numerical analyses of tunneling and excavation problems in stiff soils
PublicationIn the stiff overconsolidated soil deposits anisotropy influences small and intermediate strain stiffness and hence it has important impact on the results of discplacement preditcions in soil-structure modelling. The authors developed a cross-anisotropic soil model which combines both stress dependent and micro-structural anisotropy. The model is based on the anisotropic hyperelastic kernel for small strain stiffness. Reference...
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New Generation of Water lubricated Foil bearing - Numerical Models and Experimental Verification
PublicationIn the paper a new idea of foil water lubricated bearing and methodology of hydrodynamic characteristics calculations is presented. To assesses the theoretical characteristics of these bearings two different computer models were built. First is structural model coupled with fluid model. It takes into account: fluid flow in the deformed fluid gap, specific design of bearing support and friction in bearing support. The second is...
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Statistical evaluation of physical and index properties of Vistula Marshlands deltaic soft soils
PublicationThis paper provides statistical evaluation of physical and index parameters of the Vistula Marshlands deltaic soft soils using three datasets. Soft soils from the Vistula Marshlands are grouped into the four categories: (1) silty/sandy loams, (2) organic clays, (3) organic silts and (4) peats. Variability of basic and derivative physical properties as well as Atterberg's limits and plasticity index is studied. It is found that...
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Numerical Analysis of Recharge Rates and Contaminant Travel Time in Layered Unsaturated Soils
PublicationThis study focused on the estimation of groundwater recharge rates and travel time of conservative contaminants between ground surface and aquifer. Numerical simulations of transient water flow and solute transport were performed using the SWAP computer program for 10 layered soil profiles, composed of materials ranging from gravel to clay. In particular, sensitivity of the results to the thickness and position of weakly permeable...
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Modelling tunnelling-induced deformation in stiff soils with a hyperelastic–plastic anisotropic model
PublicationIn this paper, the tunnelling-induced deformation in anisotropic stiff soils is analysed using FE modelling. The influence of material description is investigated rather than an advanced simulation of the tunnelling method. A new hyperelastic– plastic model is proposed to describe the anisotropic mechanical behaviour of stiff highly overconsolidated soil. This model can reproduce the superposition of variable stress-induced anisotropy...
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Permeability of sandy soils estimated from particle size distribution and field measurements
PublicationAccurate estimation of soil permeability is crucial in many geotechnical applications. Empirical and theoretical equations based on soil particle size distribution (PSD) offer a fast and cheap way for preliminary estimation of permeability in granular soils, however the results obtained from various formulas available in the literature often show significant discrepancies. While several comparative studies on this topic have been...
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Bacteriophage-mediated reduction of Salmonella Enteritidis in swine slurry
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Social and economic aspects of the transformation of pomorskie region against the background of changes in the polish economy in the years 1990-2010
PublicationPrzemiany społeczno-gospodarcze, które nastąpiły w Polsce w latach 1990-2010 i ich tempo należy oceniać w świetle totalnego, permanentnego kryzysu, który nasilił się w latach osiemdziesiątych XX w. W tym aspekcie 20 lat realizacji reform w Polsce przyniosło zasadniczy postęp zarówno w odniesieniu do wzrostu społeczno-gospodarczego, jak i umiędzynarodowieniu polskiej gospodarki. Do niekorzystnych zjawisk tego okresu zaliczyć należy...
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Degree of monopoly and market power vs. price flexibility in Polish economy: empirical analysis based on COICOP classification
PublicationResearch background: The issue of price flexibility is crucial in the economy both in the aspect of company theory and its macroeconomic consequences. In a number of publications, the sources of variable price flexibility are linked to the market power of enterprises as well as the market structure that has developed in a given branch. It is difficult to indicate empirical studies that would state clearly whether price flexibility...
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Removal of cyclohexane vapors from air in biotrickling filters: Effects of gas mixture composition and circular economy approach
PublicationThis work presents results of investigations on biotrickling filtration of air polluted with cyclohexane co-treated in binary, ternary and quaternary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) mixtures, including vapors of hexane, toluene and ethanol. The removal of cyclohexane from a gas mixture depends on the physicochemical properties of the co-treated VOCs and the lower the hydrophobicity of the VOC, the higher the removal efficiency...
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Preparation, characterization and antimicrobial activity of polyvinyl alcohol/gum arabic/chitosan composite films incorporated with black pepper essential oil and ginger essential oil
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Preparation, characterization and antimicrobial activity of polyvinyl alcohol/gum arabic/chitosan composite films incorporated with black pepper essential oil and ginger essential oil
PublicationIn this study, biocomposite films based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), gum arabic (GA) and chitosan (CS) incorporated with BPEO and GEO were fabricated by solvent casting method. FTIR, XRD, SEM and DSC were performed with mechanical and antimicrobial properties of PVA/GA/CS films with and without BPEO and GEO. The BPEO and GEO incorporated PVA/GA/CS films were significantly inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus,...
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DETERMINATION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN SOIL SAMPLES USING ULTRASONIC PROBE AND SALT-ASSISTED LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION COUPLED WITH HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
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Comparative tests of the wall thickness effect of a glass-reinforced thermosetting plastic coating with a non-circular cross section in a soil-coating object for economic aspect
PublicationCulvert structures made of plastics are employed extensively in the construction of new facilities as well as the renovation of existing ones. Due to the high costs of materials required for the manufacturing of these goods, the objective of this research is focused to lessen the thickness of the walls, which may, on the other hand, result in a reduction in the stiffness of the system. In the course of the testing, the structure...
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An Overview of Treatment Approaches for Octahydro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetranitro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetrazocine (HMX) Explosive in Soil, Groundwater, and Wastewater
PublicationOctahydro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetranitro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetrazocine (HMX) is extensively exploited in the manufacturing of explosives; therefore, a significant level of HMX contamination can be encountered near explosive production plants. For instance, up to 12 ppm HMX concentrations have been observed in the wastewater effluent of a munitions manufacturing facility, while up to 45,000 mg/kg of HMX has been found in a soil sample taken from...
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Synergistic effects of biochar and processed fly ash on bioavailability, transformation and accumulation of heavy metals by maize (Zea mays L.) in coal-mining contaminated soil
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Bamboo-biochar and hydrothermally treated-coal mediated geochemical speciation, transformation and uptake of Cd, Cr, and Pb in a polymetal(iod)s-contaminated mine soil
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Concrete corrosion against penetration of mineral oil application of impregnants
PublicationOleje stanowią związki organiczne, w skład których wchodzą kwasy tłuszczowe nasycone i nienasycone oraz gliceryny różnego rodzaju. W zależności od rodzaju i właściwości olejów agresywność ich w stosunku do betonu jest różna. Olej izoluje dostęp wody do składników betonu, dlatego nie następuje dalsza hydratacja i przyrost wytrzymałości. Przesycenie betonu olejami powoduje wskutek obniżenia tarcia wewnętrznego tworzywa obniżenie...
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The Application of Chitosan as a Modifier for Lubricating Greases Based on Vegetable Oil
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AE testing of local corrosion in storage tanks of oil tankers
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań korozji lokalnej w zbiornikach magazynowych zbiornikowców, przy użyciu metody Emisji Akustycznej. Badania wykrywania korozji wykonano z użyciem testerów, podczas produkcji których przyjęto założenie wysokiej intensywności sygnału oraz stabilności sygnału akustycznego w relatywnie długim czasie.
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Optical monitoring of thin oil film thickness in extrusion processes
PublicationPraca porusza problem pomiaru grubości cienkiej warstwy przyściennej -oleju, podczas procesu wyciskania ceramiki modelowej. Szczegółowo opisuje zjawiska fizyczne zachodzące w warstwie przyściennej oraz dynamiczne parametry wykorzystywane do oceny grubości. Autorzy opisują także metodę pomiaru oraz konstrukcję układów pomiarowych.
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Scuffing resistance of DLC-coated gears lubricated with ecological oil
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Resistance of Polypropylene Membrane to Oil Fouling during Membrane Distillation
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Raman investigation of sol-gel-derived hybrid polymers for optoelectronics
PublicationPrzedstawiono wykorzystanie spektroskopii ramanowskiej do kompleksowej diagnostyki polimerów hybrydowych stosowanych w optoelektronice. Zbadano efektywność kolejnych etapów procesu technologicznego: od monomerów do etapu produktu finalnego - cienkich warstw.
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Rheological properties and stability of water in Canola oil ethyl esteremulsion.
PublicationWyznaczono krzywe płynięcia i podatność na rozdział dla emulsji fazy wodnej w estrze etylowym oleju Canola. Właściwości te stanowią o podatności tej emulsji jako symulanta ropy naftowej w badaniach terenowych rozlewów olejowych.
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Optical measurements for thin oil film investigation in rheometric processes.
PublicationPrzedmiotem badań jest pomiar parametrów cienkiej warstwy oleju silikonowego AK106, powstającej na ścianach dyszy w trakcie procesu reologicznego wyciskania do form past ceramicznych, przygotowywanych ze sproszkowanego tlenków wodorotlenków AlOOH oraz oleju AK106. Parametrami badanymi były: grubość warstwy oleju, charakterystyka reflektancyjna pasty oraz skład mieszaniny. Przedstawione zagadnienie ma istotne znaczenie dla rozwoju...
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Raman Spectroscopy for Investigation of Sol-Gel Materials and Ceramic Materials.
PublicationPrzedstawiono rezultaty prac nad zastosowanie spektroskopii ramanowskiej do badania polimerów hybrydowych wytwarzanych metodą zol-żel oraz ceramik ferroelektrycznych. Wykonano pomiary dla próbek objętościowych i struktur cienkowarstwowych. Zademonstrowano możliwośc monitorowania procesu syntezy w czasie rzeczywistym.
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Propagation Characteristics of Partial Discharges in an Oil-Filled Power Transformer
PublicationPower transformers are among the most important assets in the power transmission and distribution grid. However, they suffer from degradation and possible faults causing major electrical and financial losses. Partial discharges (PDs) are used to identify the insulation health status and their degradation level. PDs are incipient, low-magnitude faults caused by localized dielectric breakdown. Those activities emit signals in many...
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Effect of lipid phase composition on autoxidation of water - in - oil emulsion
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono ocenę procesu autooksydacji emulsji W/O ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem składu fazy olejowej emulsji na postęp reakcji. Zbadano również wpływ wybranych antyoksydantów i emulgatorów na stabilność sporządzonych układów emulsyjnych.
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A new technology of crude vegetable oil degumming with rhamnolipid solutions
PublicationA new technology of crude vegetable oil degumming is described. It is based on rhamnolipid biocomplex solution application for phosphatides removal. The rhamnolipid biocomplex produced by Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 was used as biosurfactant. Rapeseed oil was used in all experiments. First, it was degummed with H2SO4 in order to remove all phosphatides and then 1% (w/w) of granular soybean lecithin was added. Model oil was treated with...
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Influence of cabbage juices on oxidative changes of rapeseed oil and lard
PublicationCelem badań było określenie wpływu soków wyizolowanych z kapusty surowej i kiszonej na przemiany oksydatywne i termooksydatywne tłuszczów roślinnych (na przykładzie oleju rzepakowego podwójnie ulepszonego) i zwierzęcych (na przykładzie smalcu). Tłuszcze te ogrzewano w temperaturze 100 0C z sokami z kapusty w układzie modelowym przez 6 godzin, pobierając co 1,5 godz. próbki do badań.Po procesie ogrzewania tłuszczów w obecnosci soków...
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The influence of water and mineral oil on volumetric losses in a hydraulic motor
PublicationIn this paper volumetric losses in hydraulic motor supplied with water and mineral oil (two liquids having significantly different viscosity and lubricating properties) are described and comparison. The experimental tests were conducted using an innovative hydraulic satellite motor, that is dedicated to work with different liquid, including water. The sources of leaks in this motor are characterized and described also. On this...
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The Influence of Water and Mineral Oil on Pressure Losses in Hydraulic Motor
PublicationIn this paper, pressure losses in hydraulic motor supplied with water and mineral oil (two liquids that have significantly different viscosity and lubricating properties) are described and compared. The experimental tests were conducted using a hydraulic satellite motor that is dedicated to working with different liquids, including water. The methodology of measuring the pressure drop in internal channels of this motor is also...
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BPL-PLC Voice Communication System for the Oil and Mining Industry
PublicationApplication of a high-efficiency voice communication systems based on broadband over power line-power line communication (BPL-PLC) technology in medium voltage networks, including hazardous areas (like the oil and mining industry), as a redundant mean of wired communication (apart from traditional fiber optics and electrical wires) can be beneficial. Due to the possibility of utilizing existing electrical infrastructure, it can...
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OIL-ASSISTED THERMO-MECHANICAL RECLAMATION OF GROUND TIRE RUBBER
PublicationNowadays, it is crucial to seek for the methods of by-products and waste utilization, considering both environmental and economic factors. The example of waste material generated in the massive amounts, which requires the attention is ground tire rubber generated during recycling of post-consumer car tires. It can be applied as a filler into different polymer matrices, but to enhance its effectivity proper modifications should...
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RESEARCH ON HYDRODYNAMIC PEEK JOURNAL BEARINGS LUBRICATED WITH WATER AND OIL
PublicationThe main purpose of the research was to determine the possibilities and experimentally test the benefits of replacing conventional oil lubrication with ecological water lubrication. Tests were carried out on a test rig for hydrodynamic radial bearings under conditions representative of the expected applications for the bearing in water turbines. Bearings made from the polymer material PEEK (polyether ether ketone) were tested under static...
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Experimental research on marine oil-lubricated stern tube bearing
PublicationBearings of propeller shafts are very crucial elements of the propulsion system of each of the ships. The safety of shipping depends on their durability and reliability. The new legal restrictions mean that today we are looking for environmentally friendly solutions. That is why water-lubricated bearings are becoming more and more popular. So, will oil-lubricated shaft bearings belong to the past? The bearing with a white metal...
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Effect of cyclodextrins on coupling of o-ethoxybenzenediazonium salt with pyrrole, imidazole and 2-methylimidazole
PublicationBadano wpływ B-cyklodekstryny na reakcje sprzęgania soli o-etoksybenzenodiazoniowych z pirolem, imidazolem i 2-metyloimidazolem. Porównano wydajności produktów sprzęgania wyizolowanych w poszczególnych reakcjach. W przypadku reakcji z pirolem i imidazolem prowadzonych z udziałem cyklodekstryny zaobserwowano spadek wydajności produktów sprzęgania, podczas gdy w reakcji z 2-metyloimidazolem obecność cyklodekstryny stymulowała powstawanie...
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Mechanical Behavior of Plastic Strips-Reinforced Expansive Soils Stabilized with Waste Marble Dust
PublicationExpansive soil needs to undergo treatment to be used as safe foundation soil for roads and buildings. From environmental conservation and economical point of view, the usage of agricultural and industrial wastes is the best option. In this study, the effects of utilizing plastic waste and marble waste dust on the engineering properties of expansive soils were examined. Various laboratory tests were carried out on sampled expansive...
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Simulation of water flow in double -porosity soils on unstructured grids with the finite element method.
PublicationRozważa sie model przepływu wody w gruntowym ośrodku o podwójnej porowatości. Model matematyczny uzyskano poprzez zastosowanie teorii homogenizacji zastosowanej do gruntów o bardzo dużej różnicy przepuszczalności.
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Impact of Extensive Sheep Grazing on the Biochemical Status of Soils of the Grassland Habitat of Natura 2000
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Distribution and mobility of rare earth elements (Sc,Y) in selected types of soils (Poland)
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The impact of military activities on the concentration of mercury in soils of military training grounds and marine sediments
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Municipal soild waste settlement (MSWS) model with account for integrated creep and degradation processes.
PublicationModel oparto na superpozycji składowych osiadania zależnych od obciązenia i wpływu czasu, zgodnie z obserwowanym zachowaniem się odpadów komunalnych w warunkach polowych i laboratoryjnych. Składowe osiadania zależne od obciązenia, które przyrastają w miarę dokładania kolejnych warstw odpadów, oblicza się z uwzględnieniem modułu podatności zależnego od poziomu obciążenia. Składowe osiadania wynikające z upływu czasu obejmują osiadanie...
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Approximation of internodal conductivities in numericalsimulation of one-dimensional infiltration, drainage, and capillaryrise in unsaturated soils
PublicationW rozwiązaniu numerycznym jednowymiarowego równania przepływu nienasyconego wymagane jest oszacowanie średniej wartości przewodności hydraulicznej między sąsiednimi węzłami. W artykule zaproponowano nową metodę uśredniania która, w odróżnieniu od metod dotychczas proponowanych, charakteryzuje się dużą dokładnością i szerokim zakresem stosowalności. Nowa metoda oparta jest na analizie przybliżonego profilu potencjału hydraulicznego...
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Multispectral impedance quality testing of coil-coating system using principal component analysis
PublicationThe task of quality checking of the coil-coated system was undertaken using impedance spectroscopy. In order to properly characterize the system the new impedance spectrum was calculated as an averaged result of 12 experimental spectra obtained from 12 different places of the sample at the same time of immersion in 3% of NaCl. The experimental spectra were recorded for a 24-h period at 1 h intervals between starting points of each...
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The Role of Organic and Inorganic Amendments in Carbon Sequestration and Immobilization of Heavy Metals in Degraded Soils
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