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Search results for: PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUTAOR
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ADAPTIVE BACKSTEPPING TRACKING CONTROL FOR OVER-ACTUATED DP MARINE VESSEL WITH INERTIA UNCERTAINTIES
PublicationDesigning a tracking control system for an over-actuated dynamic positioning marine vessel in the case of insufficient information on environmental disturbances, hydrodynamic damping, Coriolis forces and vessel inertia characteristics is considered. The designed adaptive MIMO backstepping control law with control allocation is based on Lyapunov control theory for cascaded systems to guarantee stabilization of the marine vessel...
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Dynamic Positioning Capability Assessment for Ship Design Purposes
PublicationThe article focuses on solving a problem of optimal thrust distribution over the actuators in a ship Dynamic Positioning, according to DNV-ST-0111 standard, Level 1. The classic Quadratic Programming approach is combined with the numerical solusion used to handle the propeller with the rudder constraints in the optimization task and the influence between thrusters and skeg. It is presented as an efficient method of minimizing the...
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Sustainability of Civil Structures through the Application of Smart Materials: A Review
PublicationEvery year, structural flaws or breakdowns cause thousands of people to be harmed and cost billions of dollars owing to the limitations of design methods and materials to withstand extreme earthquakes. Since earthquakes have a significant effect on sustainability factors, there is a contradiction between these constraints and the growing need for more sustainable structures. There has been a significant attempt to circumvent...
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Comparative analysis of the flow control over a circular cylinder with detached flexible and rigid splitter plates
PublicationA comparative study is performed on a circular cylinder with both flexible and rigid splitter plates (SPs). This study has the novelty of using single and dual detached SPs located downstream of the cylinder. The dimensionless gap distance between the first splitter plate and the cylinder as well as the distance between the SPs are varied. The strain of flexible SPs can be used for energy harvesting from the flow. Therefore, a...
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A LUMPED-CIRCUIT MODEL OF CIRCULAR PISTON TRANSDUCER FOR MODELING ITS PERFORMANCE IN DUAL FREQUENCY OPERATING MODES
PublicationThe paper presents novel network equivalent circuit of piezoceramic circular disc transducer that takes into account thickness and ra dial mode of vibrations. The starting point of the analysis is 4-port description of circular disc element representing the solution of wave equation set in radial and thickness directions. Th e approximate solution for harmonic case is represented in the form of 4x4 matrix, which is syn thesized...
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Guided Wave Propagation in Detection of Partial Circumferential Debonding in Concrete Structures
PublicationThe following article presents results of investigating the damage detection in reinforced concrete beams with artificially introduced debonding between the rod and cover, using a non-destructive method based on elastic waves propagation. The primary aim of the research was to analyze the possible use of guided waves in partial circumferential debonding detection. Guided waves were excited and registered in reinforced concrete...
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Development and Assessment of Regeneration Methods for Peptide-Based QCM Biosensors in VOCs Analysis Applications
PublicationCleaning a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) plays a crucial role in the regeneration of its biosensors for reuse. Imprecise removal of a receptor layer from a transducer’s surface can lead to unsteady operation during measurements. This article compares three approaches to regeneration of the piezoelectric transducers using the electrochemical, oxygen plasma and Piranha solution methods. Optimization of the cleaning method allowed...
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Parametric Study on a Performance of a Small Counter-Rotating Wind Turbine
PublicationA small Counter-Rotating Wind Turbine (CRWT) has been proposed and its performancehas been investigated numerically. Results of a parametric study have been presented in this paper.As parameters, the axial distance between rotors and a tip speed ratio of each rotor have been selected.Performance parameters have been compared with reference to a Single Rotor Wind Turbine (SRWT).Simulations were carried out with Computational Fluids...
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Detection and size estimation of crack in plate based on guided wave propagation
PublicationThe paper presents results of the comprehensive theoretical and experimental investigation of crack detection in metallic plate using guided wave propagation. The main aim of the paper is to develop the novel method which would allow for linear crack size estimation with the use of minimal number of the transducers. In general, there exists the relation between length of the propagation path and the wave amplitude value. However,...
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Investigation of Weigh-in-Motion Measurement Accuracy on the Basis of Steering Axle Load Spectra
PublicationWeigh-in-motion systems are installed in pavements or on bridges to identify and reduce the number of overloaded vehicles and minimise their adverse eect on road infrastructure. Moreover, the collected trac data are used to obtain axle load characteristics, which are very useful in road infrastructure design. Practical application of data from weigh-in-motion has become more common recently, which calls for adequate attention to...
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Design and Evaluation of the Compact and Autonomous Energy Subsystem of a Wave Energy Converter
PublicationThis paper presents the results of the design process focused on the development of the energy subsystem (ES) of a wave energy converter (WEC). The ES is an important electrical part that significantly affects the energy reliability and energy efficiency of the entire WEC device. The designed ES was intended for compact WECs powering IoT network devices working in the distributed grid. The developed ES is an electronic circuit...
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Buckling analysis of piezo-magnetoelectric nanoplates in hygrothermal environment based on a novel one variable plate theory combining with higher-order nonlocal strain gradient theory
PublicationIn the present investigation, a new first-order shear deformation theory (OVFSDT) on the basis of the in-plane stability of the piezo-magnetoelectric composite nanoplate (PMEN) has been developed, and its precision has been evaluated. The OVFSDT has many advantages compared to the conventional first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) such as needless of shear correction factors, containing less number of unknowns than the existing...
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Frequency and time domain characteristics of digital control of electric vehicle in-wheel drives
PublicationIn-wheel electric drives are promising as actuators in active safety systems of electric and hybrid vehicles. This new function requires dedicated control algorithms, making it essential to deliver models that reflect better the wheel-torque control dynamics of electric drives. The timing of digital control events, whose importance is stressed in current research, still lacks an analytical description allowing for modeling its...
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Guided ultrasonic waves for detection of debonding in bars partially embedded in grout
PublicationThis paper deals with theoretical, numerical and experimental investigations of guided wave propagation in multilayered cylindrical bars with pre-existing debonding. The research focuses on a complex description of the nature of the wave phenomena occurring in a debonded specimen with a special emphasis on the influence of the location of damage on the wave conversion and diffraction. Experimental non-destructive and destructive...
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An application of simulation model of fuel consumption in diagnostic system of wheeled tractors
PublicationAn application of computer controlled fuel injection systems in vehicle engines and growing demands concerning toxic substances emission and fuel consumption was a main reason for OBD (On Board Diagnosis) development. In spite of a great technological development, only some tractors are equipped in diagnostic systems. On board diagnostic is strongly connected with emission demands and does not concern other important vehicle functions. In...
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Fuctional structure of diagnostic system for wheeled tractors
PublicationAn application of computer controlled fuel injection systems in vehicle engines and growing demands concerning toxic substances emission and fuel consumption was a main reason for OBD (On Board Diagnosis) development. In spite of a great technological development, only some tractors are equipped in diagnostic systems. On board diagnosis is strongly connected with emission demands and does not concern other important vehicle functions.In...
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Multi-sensor monitoring of the corrosion rate and the assessment of the efficiency of a corrosion inhibitor in utility water installations
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Amperometric sensing of chemical oxygen demand at glassy carbon and silicon electrodes modified with boron-doped diamond
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Fluctuation-enhanced scent sensing using a single gas sensor
PublicationWykrywanie zapachów podczas aromaterapii może być przeprowadzone za pomocą pojedynczego sensora gazów. W pracy rozważono efektywność detekcji zapachów olejków eterycznych za pomocą rezystancji DC oraz zjawisk fluktuacyjnych w tych sensorach, typu TGS2600,TGS2602,TGS823. Badania koncentrowały się na praktycznym zastosowaniu w aromaterapii do określania intensywności emitowanego zapachu. Opisano szczegółowo system do emisji zapachów.
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Metrological parameters of sulphur dioxide amperometric sensor containing addition of aprotic solvents
PublicationW publikacji zaprezentowano wyniki badań nad dodatku rozpuszczalnika aprotycznego do roztworu elektrolitu wewnętrznego czujnika na parametry metrologiczne prototypowego czujnika ditlenku siarki z membraną nafionową. Porównywano właściwości pięciu czujników różniących się składem elektrolitu. W każdym przypadku elektroda pracująca wykonana była ze złota, próżniowo napylonego na powierzchnię membrany. Roztwory elektrolitów zawierały...
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Gold-modified paper as microfluidic substrates with reduced biofouling in potentiometric ion sensing
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Assessment of water quality based on multiparameter fiber optic probe
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Efficient reagent immobilization procedure for ion-sensitive optomembranes
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Application of optical fibres in oxidation-reduction titrations
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Study of the NO2 sensing mechanism of PEDOT-RGO film using in situ Raman Spectroscopy
PublicationIn this work, the mechanism of the NO2 reaction with PEDOT-RGO composite film has been investigated via in situ Raman spectroscopy. Reduced graphene oxide (RGO), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxytiophene)-reduced graphene oxide (PEDOT-RGO) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxytiophene)/ClO4− (PEDOT/ClO4−) films were fabricated using an electrodeposition method and used as resistance sensors of gaseous nitrogen dioxide. The experimental results indicate...
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Efficient three-dimensional fluorescence measurements for characterization of binding properties in some plants
PublicationThe main aim of this research was to characterize some plants and to determine their similarities and differences, using spectroscopic methods. The interactions of soluble polyphenols of different plants with human serum albumin (HSA) were investigated by 3D-fluorescence. The obtained fluorescence results allow to classify the investigated plants according to their binding properties. The HSA-binding capacities of these plants...
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Multisine impedimetric probing of biocatalytic reactions for label-free detection of DEFB1 gene: How to verify that your dog is not human?
PublicationAlbert is a dog (Canis familiaris), but he does not realize this. Albert loves human food (and beer), watching movies on the internet, sleeping in bed, and more. But he should not do all these things. To convince him that, we have desinged a test procedure. The DEFB1 gene is unique to human species. Detecting its presence from saliva and in short periods may offer an advantage in the field of forensic medicine, and influence Albert’s...
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Electrochemical glucose sensor based on the glucose oxidase entrapped in chitosan immobilized onto laser-processed Au-Ti electrode
PublicationThe study on novel electrode material composed of structured titanium foil with embedded Au nanoparticles and modified with chitosan with entrapped glucose oxidase is presented. To confirm the successful immobilization of glucose oxidase FT-IR analysis was performed. The response of electrodes were tested towards glucose in the presence of different interference compounds and biological fluids. The prepared material exhibits excellent...
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Optical fiber aptasensor for label-free bacteria detection in small volumes
PublicationHighly sensitive devices for fast bacteria detection are sought to be developed with the task of quantifying the worldwide problem of pathogenic bacteria and thus helping to take control over spreading bacterial infections. This work concerns a sensing solution based on microcavity in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer (μIMZI) induced in an optical fiber. Such a device exhibits ultrahigh sensitivity to refractive index changes...
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Electrochemical performance of indium-tin-oxide-coated lossy-mode resonance optical fiber sensor
PublicationAnalysis of liquids performed in multiple domain, e.g., optical and electrochemical (EC), has recently focus significant attention. Our previous works have shown that a simple device based on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated optical fiber core may be used for optical monitoring of EC processes. At satisfying optical properties and thickness of ITO a lossy-mode resonance (LMR) effect can be obtained and used for monitoring of optical...
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Formaldehyde detection with chemical gas sensors based on WO3 nanowires decorated with metal nanoparticles under dark conditions and UV light irradiation
PublicationWe report results of formaldehyde gas (CH2O) detection under dark conditions and UV light irradiation with pristine tungsten trioxide nanowires (WO3 NWs) and metal nanoparticles decorated WO3 NWs gas sensing layers. The resistive layers were deposited by one step aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) on commercial alumina substrates with 10-pair interdigitated platinum electrodes. The elaborated gas sensors, based...
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An NO2 sensor based on WO3 thin films for automotive applications in the microwave frequency range
PublicationA microwave system dedicated to the detection of nitrogen dioxide in the harsh environment of the Norway highways is proposed. An optimized transmission line type of sensor coated with a tungsten trioxide thin film that changes its electrical properties under NO2 gas exposure is developed. The sensors' response (S) is given in °/GHz and it is calculated based on wideband measurements. The advantage of wideband measurements in comparison...
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A novel luminescent chemical sensor for the determination of Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ ions
PublicationSilica xerogel surface grafted with aminopropyl (PrNH2) groups was additionally treated by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant and ascorbic acid (asc) in alkaline solution. This material symbolized as SiO2-PrNH2-CTAB/asc, proved to be a stable luminescent material, exhibited an emission band peaked at 393 nm under excitation wavelength 335 nm. Time evolution of the band intensity suggests changes of defect concentration...
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Nitrogen dioxide sensing properties of PEDOT polymer films
PublicationThis work presents a simple and fully electrochemical route for the polymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxytiophene) (PEDOT) films for fabricating a NO2 gas sensor prepared by electropolymerization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer in lithium perchlorate/acetonitrile solution. The main aim of this study is to determine the sensing properties of conductive polymer at elevated temperatures. The effects of the humidity,...
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Biomolecular influenza virus detection based on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy using the nanocrystalline boron-doped diamond electrodes with covalently bound antibodies
PublicationNew rapid pathogen detection methods with improved cost-effectiveness and efficiency are currently in the focus of the scientists from all over the world. Based on the experiences from the rapid spread of the influenza virus pandemic in 2009 it is clear that the development of the system for early diagnosis of this infection is essential. The crucial stage of the treatment is the detection of the viral infection during its initial...
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Optical investigations of electrochemical processes using a long-period fiber grating functionalized by indium tin oxide
Publicationhe growing needs for fast and reliable sensing devices stimulate development of new technological solutions. In this work a new multi-domain sensing method is demonstrated where optical sensing device has been applied to enhance amount of data received during electrochemical analysis. Thin, optically transparent, high-refractive-index, and electrically conductive indium tin oxide (ITO) film was deposited using magnetron sputtering...
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Tailoring properties of indium tin oxide thin films for their work in both electrochemical and optical label-free sensing systems
PublicationThis work is devoted to the identification properties of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films responsible for their possible application in combined optical and electrochemical label-free sensing systems offering enhanced functionalities. Since any post-processing would make it difficult to identify direct relation between deposition parameters and properties of the ITO films, especially when deposition on temperature-sensitive substrates...
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Effects of UV light irradiation on fluctuation enhanced gas sensing by carbon nanotube networks
PublicationThe exceptionally large active surface-to-volume ratio of carbon nanotubes makes it an appealing candidate for gas sensing applications. Here, we studied the DC and low-frequency noise characteristics of a randomly oriented network of carbon nanotubes under NO2 gas atmosphere at two different wavelengths of the UV light-emitting diodes. The UV irradiation allowed to sense lower concentrations of NO2 (at least 1 ppm) compared to...
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Influence of aprotic solvent on a signal of an amperometric sensor with Nafion membrane
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań charakterystyk analitycznych amperometrycznego czujnika ditlenku siarki wyposażonego w mebranę nafionową i wypełnionego roztworami elektrolitów o różnej zawartości dimetylosulfotlenku. Ocenie poddany został wpływ zawartości DMSO w roztworze elektrolitu wewnętrznego czujnika oraz prędkości przepływu gazu na czułość czujnika i czas odpowiedzi na zmiany stężenia ditlenku siarki.
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Solid-contact lead(II) ion-selective electrodes for potentiometric determination of lead(II) in presence of high concentrations of Na(I), Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Ca(II) and Mg(II)
PublicationLead and its compounds are a serious threat to the environment. Monitoring of this toxic heavy metal is a driving force for the continuous development of novel lead(II) ionophores to be applied in ion-selective electrodes. In this work a highly selective lead(II) ionophore, namely 25,26,27,28-tetrakis(piperidinylthiocarbonylmethylene)-p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene, was used in solid-contact ion-selective electrodes for determination...
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Synthesis and application of tetrazole di and triamide derivatives in ion-selective membrane electrodes
PublicationA number of tetrazole diamides and triamides have been synthesized and applied as ion carries in ion-selective membrane electrodes. Their selectivity and sensitivity were studied towards alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metal cations. it was found that membranes doped with 3 and 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether exhibit an almost theoretial Nernstian response for NH+ over relatively wide concentration range. Elestrodes with...
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Luminescence recognition material as an INHIBIT logic gate in presence of Pb2+ and Cu2+ ions in aqueous solutions
PublicationA recognition material consisting of silica xerogel with amino-modified surface selectively recognizes Pb2+ and Cu2+ (but only in presence of Pb2+ ions) in aqueous solutions of other metal ions. The analytical action of the material is based on a significant change in luminescence emission spectra of the material after chemisorption of Pb2+ ions. In the presence of Pb2+ in octahedral coordination environment, a new broad and strong...
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Multi-sensor monitoring of the corrosion rate and the assessment of the efficiency of a corrosion inhibitor in utility water installations
PublicationThis paper presents an implementation of the monitoring of the corrosion rate and the assessment of the efficiency of a corrosion inhibitor in a utility water installation using an automated corrosion monitoring system. Due to the fact that the corrosion inhibitor was added to water intended for human consumption, it was necessary to build a multi-sensor monitoring system. In order to implement corrosion monitoring using a linear...
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Functionalized azobenzocrown ethers as sensor materials—The synthesis and ion binding properties
PublicationNew 13- and 16-membered azobenzocrown ethers with aromatic amino, amide, ether–ester or ether–amide residue in para position to an azo moiety were obtained. Acid–base properties and ion binding ability of the colored compounds were studied by spectroscopic methods: UV–vis, fluorimetry and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Selected azobenzocrowns were tested as ionophores in ion-selective membrane electrodes (ISEs) – classic and miniature all...
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Fluctuation-enhanced scent sensing using a single gas sensor
PublicationScent or aroma sensing during aromatherapy can be carried out by applying only a single resistance gas sensor (TGS - Taguchi Gas Sensors). This paper considers the efficiency of detection of essential oils by DC resistance and its fluctuations observed in TGS sensors. A detailed study has been conducted for scents emitted by five popular essential oils using three sensor types (TGS 2600, TGS 2602, TGS 823). The research was focused...
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Measurement of sub-nanometer molecular layers with ISFET without a reference electrode dependency
PublicationA new method of detection and measurement with sub-nanometer resolution of layers adsorbed or bonded to the ISFET's gate dielectric was presented. The sensitivity of this method is high enough to detect even partial mono-layer covering. The transconductance measurement of the ISFET provides independence of the output signal from pH changes and the driving electrode electrochemical potential instabilities. The stable reference electrode...
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Advances in olfaction-inspired biomaterials applied to bioelectronic noses
PublicationAmong all the senses, olfactory system of mammals is the least characterised as far as the mechanisms of odour identification are concerned. The results of recent investigations allow better understanding of the operation mechanism of the sense of smell. Progress in this field is crucial for the development of sensor technology based on olfaction-inspired biomaterials, which simulate the olfactory system of the biological counterparts....
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Exhaled breath gas sensing using pristine and functionalized WO3 nanowire sensors enhanced by UV-light irradiation
PublicationThe development of advanced metal-oxide-semiconductor sensing technologies for the detection of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) present in exhaled breath is of great importance for non-invasive, cheap and fast medical diagnostics. Our experimental studies investigate the effects of operating temperature selection and UV-light irradiation on improving the response of WO3 nanowire sensors towards exhaled breath exposure. Herein,...
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Amperometric sensing of chemical oxygen demand at glassy carbon and silicon electrodes modified with boron-doped diamond
Publication.A boron-doped diamond (BDD) sensor is proposed for effective detection of chemical oxygen demand (COD) by means of amperometric technique. Boron-doped diamond thin films, acting as active sensors, were deposited on both silicon wafer and glassy carbon (GC) substrates by microwave plasma assisted chemical vapour deposition. SEM micrographs showed that BDD–Si displays triangle-faceted crystallites ca. 0.5–3 μm in size, while BDD–GC...
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Prototype of electrochemical sensor for measurements of volatile organic compounds in gases
PublicationThe paper presents a laboratory prototype of an electrochemical sensor for measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in gases, utilizing ionic liquids and commercial screen printed electrodes by DropSens. The following ionic liquids have been tested as the electrolyte and redox reaction environment: 1-butyl, 3-methylimidazolium dicyanoamide ([BMIM][N(CN)2]), 1-octyl, 3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([OMIM][BF4]),...