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Systemy bezprzewodowej łączności i transmisji danych dla potrzeb bezpieczeństwa publicznego (studium stanu i rozwiązań)
PublikacjaW niniejszym rozdziale przedstawiono charakterystyki rozwiązań użytkowych zrealizowanych w Katedrze Systemów i Sieci Radiokomunikacyjnych Politechniki Gdańskiej. Autorzy scharakteryzowali opracowane przez zespół badawczy Katedry, systemy bezprzewodowego monitoringu zagrożeń bezpieczeństwa oraz zarządzania i sterowania infrastrukturami krytycznymi. W tym też kontekście omówiono następujące systemy i aplikacje użytkowe: − globalny...
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Novel Analytic-Numerical Model of Free Convection: with Leading Edge Considered
PublikacjaA novel solution of the free convection boundary problem is represented in analytical form for velocity and temperature for an isothermal vertical plate, as an example. These fields are built as a Taylor Series in the x coordinate with coefficients as functions of the vertical coordinate (y). We restrict ourselves by cubic approximation for both functions. The basic Navier-Stokes and Fourier-Kirchhoff equations and boundary conditions...
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RÓWNOWAŻNOŚĆ METOD POMIAROWYCH CIĄGŁYCH I ODNIESIENIA STOSOWANYCH DO OZNACZANIA PM2,5
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono wyniki testu terenowego przeprowadzonego na terenie województwa pomorskiego w okresie od 01-01-2013 do 31-12-2013 w celu wykazania równoważności wyników stężeń pyłu zawieszonego PM2,5 uzyskanych za pomocą analizatora automatycznego BAM 1020 w stosunku do wyników uzyskanych za pomocą wagowej metody odniesienia. Przedstawiono sposób określania równoważności wyników uzyskanych za pomocą analizatora i szacowania...
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Environmental Impacts of Renewable Energy Technologies
PublikacjaNowadays, fossil fuels are the main sources energy from which electricity is obtained. But these sources will not last forever, so in due course renewable energies will have to replace them in this role. All energy sources have some impact on our environment. Fossil fuels — coal, oil, and natural gas — do substantially more harm than renewable energy sources by most measures, including air and water pollution, damage to public...
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Identification of volatile compounds based on the electrocatalytic gas sensor responses
PublikacjaMeasured response in case of electrocatalytic gas sensors is in form of a voltamperometric characteristic. Current-voltage (I-V) response shape depends on the gas type and its concentration. Such response contains significantly more information comparing with typical electrochemical sensors, but is quite difficult to analyze. When I-V curve contains current peaks, position of such peaks can be used...
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Optimal ECG lead for deriving respiratory signal
PublikacjaEDR is an interesting measuring technique that allows an indirect assessment of respiratory activity. This is an alternative solution to direct methods that are based on the measurement of air flow, which require a specialized sensor or even a system. However, due to inter-personal anatomical differences, the optimal ECG lead (placement of the electrodes) ensuring the best EDR signal quality is not fixed. An influence of ECG lead...
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Excitation of Circularly Polarized Wave via Single-Feed Metasurface-Integrated Compact Antenna for Internet of Things
PublikacjaA compact circularly polarized (CP) quasi-omnidirectional antenna is introduced for internet of things (IoT). The structure consists of two components implemented on FR-4 substrates, and sep-arated by an air gap: one printed with a rectangular patch fed through a matching network, and another with a metasurface and a ground plane. Two different methods for impedance matching are employed. An equivalent circuit model of the antenna...
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MODELLING OF CONCRETE FRACTURE AT AGGREGATE LEVEL USING DEM BASED ON X-RAY mu CT IMAGES OF INTERNAL STRUCTURE
PublikacjaThe paper describes two-dimensional meso-scale numerical results of fracture in notched concrete beams under quasi-static three-point bending. Concrete was modelled as a random heterogeneous 4-phase material composed of aggregate particles, cement matrix, interfacial transitional zones (ITZs) and air voids. As a numerical approach, the discrete element method (DEM) was used. The concrete micro-structure in calculations was directly...
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Experimental Investigation of the Thermal Performance of a Wickless Heat Pipe Operating with Different Fluids: Water, Ethanol, and SES36. Analysis of Influences of Instability Processes at Working Operation Parameters
PublikacjaIn this study, the influences of different parameters on performance of a wickless heat pipe have been presented. Experiments have been carried out for an input power range from 50 W to 300 W, constant cooling water mass flow rate of 0.01 kg/s, and constant temperature at the inlet to condenser of 10 C. Three working fluids have been tested: water, ethanol, and SES36 (1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluorobutane) with different filling ratios (0.32,...
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Development of a spray-ejector condenser for the use in a negative CO2 emission gas power plant
PublikacjaOne promising solution for developing low-emission power technologies is using gaseous fuel combustion in pure oxygen when the exhaust gas mixture is composed of H2O and CO2, and where CO2 is separated after steam condensation. The paper presents the results of computational analyses providing to the Spray-Ejector Condenser (SEC) development, which is one of the crucial components of the negative CO2 gas power plant (nCO2PP) cycle...
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CO2 capture using steam ejector condenser under electro hydrodynamic actuator with non-condensable gas and cyclone separator: A numerical study
PublikacjaThe concept for condensation of steam and CO2 separation in a negative CO2 emission gas power plant involves the utilization of a steam ejector condenser (SEC) for direct-contact condensation of vapor with inert gas (CO2) on a spray of subcooled liquid, integrated with a separator to produce pure CO2. Due to the increasing diffusion resistance and reduced convective heat transfer between the steam and subcooled water phases...
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Analysis of the influence of external conditions on temperature readings in thermograms and adaptive adjustment of the measured temperature value
PublikacjaMeasuring human temperature is a crucial step in preventing the spread of diseases such as COVID-19. For the proper operation of an automatic body temperature measurement system throughout the year, it is necessary to consider outdoor conditions. In this paper, the effect of atmospheric factors on facial temperature readings using infrared thermography is investigated. A thorough analysis of the variation of facial temperature...
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How does climate change affect ice formation and presence in rivers, lakes and oceans, as well as its impact on infrastructure
PublikacjaIce season in rivers, lakes, seas and oceans is sensitive to climate change due to the high homologous temperature. Two vital aspects of the predicted climate change are increasing average air temperature and increasing variability in the weather. These cause delayed formation of ice, thinner ice and shorter duration of seasonal ice covers, the geographical ice margin to move further away from the equator, the perennial ice to...
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THE INFLUENCE OF WSR PARAMETER ON PET BOTTLE THICKNESS PROFILE IN SBM FROM PREFORM PROCESS
PublikacjaFrom a mechanical point of view, the thickness profile of PET bottles manufactured by ISBM process is determined by mechanical and thermal response of blown preforms. From the microscopic point of view the biggest influence on the mechanical and thermal properties of PET bottles have orientation and crystallization processes. From a technological point of view, the thickness profile of PET bottles after manufacture by SBM process...
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Fiber optic low-coherence Fabry-Pérot interferometer with ZnO layers in transmission and reflective mode: comparative study
PublikacjaA construction of a low-coherence fiber-optic Fabry-Pérot interferometer using a thin ZnO layer as a reflective surfaces was proposed and examined. In the investigated setup, the ZnO layer of thickness 200 nm were deposited on the face of the standard telecommunication single-mode optical fiber (SMF-28). Measurements of interference signal were performed for the interferometer working in the transmission and reflective mode, as...
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Nonlinear fuzzy control of the dissolved oxygen in activated sludge processes
PublikacjaWastewater treatment plant is generally a complex, multivariable, time varying and nonlinear large scale industrial system. Moreover, interactions between the components are very strong. The dissolved oxygen tracking problem is one of the most complex and fundamental issues of biological processes. Air for the aerated tanks is supplied by aeration system (blowers, pipes, diffusers). It is a complex dynamic system. The new control...
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The environmental dimension of city dwellers’ quality of life and the city’s social and spatial variability
PublikacjaThe purpose of this paper is to attempt an analysis of the environmental dimension of the quality of life using quantitative surveys conducted among residents of Gdańsk. In the paper, we make reference to the theoretical assumptions ensuing from the concept of a comprehensive and integrated approach to the development of the urban environment, whilst noting the profound impact humans bring to their evaluation of the environmental...
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Chemical composition of water from roof in Gdańsk, Poland
PublikacjaThis study deals with the assessment of roof runoff waters from the region of Gdansk collected during the winter season (2007/2008). The chemical analysis includes 16 chemical variables: major ions, PAHs and PCBs measured at 3 sampling sites for 6-14 rain events. Although the data set is of limited volume the statistical data treatment using self-organizing maps (SOM) reveals the main factors controlling roof runoff water quality...
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Investigation of Liquid–Gas Flow in a Horizontal Pipeline Using Gamma-Ray Technique and Modified Cross-Correlation
PublikacjaThis article presents the application of the radioisotope absorption method in the study of two-phase water–air flow in a horizontal pipe. The measurement principle and the test stand are briefly described. The main part of the article presents the signal analysis methods applied to data obtained from scintillation detectors. Because these signals are mostly stochastic waveforms, they were analyzed statistically using the cross-correlation...
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Fluid–solid interaction on a thin platelet with high-velocity flow: vibration modelling and experiment
PublikacjaThe paper concerns the nonlinear behaviour of a thin platelet that is streamlined in an aerodynamic tunnel. The air velocity in the aerodynamic tunnel was at 858.9 km/h or 0.7 Ma (Ma—Mach number is a dimensionless quantity in fluid dynamics representing the ratio of flow velocity past a boundary to the local speed of sound). This experiment was numerically simulated using FSI (fluid–solid interaction) tools, namely the coupling...
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The effect of Sr and Mg substitutions on structure, mechanical properties and solubility of fluorapatite ceramics for biomedical applications
PublikacjaIonic substitutions play important role in the modifications of biological apatites. Recently, attention has been focused on the co-doping effects on the functional properties of apatite-based biomaterials. In this research work, the dense samples of fluorapatites, Ca10(PO4)6F2 and Ca8MgSr(PO4)6F2, were produced after sintering at 1250 °C for 6 h in air. Structural characterization carried out with XRD, IR, Raman and SEM, confirmed...
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Katalizatory wykorzystywane w syntezie biodiesla
PublikacjaRising prices of electricity, conventional fuels and heating require decisive steps in the further development of technologies based on renewable energy sources. These include geothermal-; hydrothermal-; aerothermal-; and solar energy. Due to the fact that the petrochemical industry is one of the fastest growing branches of the economy, we would like to expand on the topic related to biofuels. Biodiesel is an alternative fuel similar...
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Modelling of the High Speed Multi-Pole Synchronous Generator for Application in More Electric Aircraft Power Systems
PublikacjaIn this paper different models of the synchronous generator are presented. The simulation results compared with the measurements are shown. Certain physical phenomena are included in described models for the porpoise of adequate analysis of the more electric aircraft power system. For different modelling levels, such as functional level or behavioural level, different physical phenomena have been included. Simulation results for...
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3D Sound Intensity Measurement Around Organ Pipes Using Acoustic Vector Sensors
PublikacjaThe aim of the presented paper was to obtain and visualize sound intensity distribution of radiated acoustic energy around the organ pipes. The experimental setup consisted of the multichannel acoustic vector sensor and the specialized Cartesian robot. Measurements were performed in free field with spatial resolution of 0.1 [m]. Two organ pipes, i.e. wooden and metal were measured during the ex-periment. The organ pipes were activated...
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Benzene-induced hydro(solvo)thermal synthesis of Cu2+ and Zn2+ coordination polymers based on 1,3-benzenedicarboxylate
PublikacjaHydro(solvo)thermal reactions of Cu(NO3)2·2.5H2O or Zn(NO3)2·6H2O with 1,3-H2bdc provided two structurally different coordination polymers; a 2D network “metallacalixarene” based on the paddlewheel-type cluster with the formula [Cu(1,3-bdc)·H2O]·H2O (1) and a 3D framework [Zn(1,3-bdc)] (2), respectively. The use of a base was unnecessary in this synthesis; however, the presence of benzene played a crucial role in the crystallization...
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Taguchi sensors under temperature modulation
PublikacjaSemiconductor gas sensors are widely used in gas- analyzing applications for various gas species determination due to their low cost and possibility to detect number of different gases. However, one of the main problems with such sensors is their lack of selectivity. To overcome this issue different ap- proaches can be used. One of them is the operation with sensor temperature modulation combined with dedicated data process- ing...
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Influence of external climate on natural ventilation performance in buildings
PublikacjaNatural ventilation is driven by either buoyancy forces or wind pressure forces or their combinations that inherit stochastic variation into ventilation rates [ CITATION Hun99 \l 1045 ]. We now that these factors have influence on air flow speed and thermal comfort inside building. This work examines the relationship between external climate and natural ventilation including thermal comfort. The work tries in the first instance...
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VARIANT DESIGNING IN the PRELIMINARY SMALL SHIP DESIGN PROCESS
PublikacjaShip designing is a complex process, as the ship itself is a complex, technical multi-level object which operates in the air/water boundary environment and is exposed to the action of many different external and internal factors resulting from the adopted technical solutions, type of operation, and environmental conditions. A traditional ship design process consists of a series of subsequent multistage iterations, which gradually...
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The influence of synthesis method on the microstructure and catalytic performance of Y 0.07 Sr 0.93 Ti 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ in synthetic biogas operated solid oxide fuel cells
PublikacjaThe Y0.07Sr0.93Ti0.8Fe0.2O3-δ (YSTF) material was fabricated using three different synthesis methods: modified polymer precursor method (MPP), Pechini method and a solid state reaction method. It was applied as an anode catalytic material for biogas reforming in solid oxide fuel cells. Clear differences in the microstructure of fabricated catalytic layers were found, mainly with respect to a grain size and distribution of grains....
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The dying medium temperature impact on the final moisture content of pine wood at constant drying time
PublikacjaThe results of final moisture content of pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) after drying process are presented. The wood in the experiments was taken from the northern part of Pomeranian region in Poland. The drying process was performed in the experimental chamber equipped with the micro-jet heat exchanger. The air at temperatures of 40°C, 60°C, 80°C, 100°C and 120°C with relative humidity about 60% and atmospheric pressure was the...
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Low cost real time UAV stereo photogrammetry modelling technique – accuracy considerations
PublikacjaThe paper presents accuracy considerations regarding three 3D modelling techniques. The tested new consumer type stereo camera (ZED 3D Stereolabs) has been implemented info an aerial mapping system, on board micro air vehicle MAV) and tested object has been mapped using a real-time photogrammetry with original real-time software application. The evaluated results has been compared with model gained with a state of art unmanned...
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Impact of Volcanic Eruptions on the Occurrence of PAHs Compounds in the Aquatic Ecosystem of the Southern Part of West Spitsbergen (Hornsund Fjord, Svalbard)
PublikacjaThe paper presents changes in concentration levels of dioxin-like compounds that can be observed over the course of four study seasons in water samples collected from the Arctic watershed of Svalbard. The conducted analysis involved anthropogenic and natural factors that may affect the concentration of PAHs in the study samples of water. An attempt is made to indicate the emission source of the compounds being deposited and to...
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Smart and resilient cities- new challanges for Polish cities in terms of 2020 energy efficiency and climate action
PublikacjaGlobal climate change action along with energy efficiency optimizations are becoming increasingly pressing principles in terms of moving towards sustainable development. As a member of EU and UN Poland is also obliged to follow restricted rules concerning energy efficiency of buildings which come to force in 2020. To meet new goals, innovative approaches - like moving towards smart and resilient cities -may be required. Through...
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Adaptation of the arbitrary Lagrange–Euler approach to fluid–solid interaction on an example of high velocity flow over thin platelet
PublikacjaThe aim of this study is to analyse the behaviour of a thin plate with air flow velocities of 0.3–0.9 Ma. Data from the experiment and numerical tools were used for the analysis. For fluid–solid interaction calculations, the arbitrary Lagrange–Euler approach was used. The results of the measurements are twofold. The first one is the measurement of the flow before and after vibrating plate, i.e. pure flow plate, and the second consists...
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Influence of Processing Conditions on Crystal Structure of Bi6Fe2Ti3O18 Ceramics
PublikacjaAim of the present research was to apply a solid state reaction route to fabricate Aurivillius-type ceramics described with the formula Bi6Fe2Ti3O18 (BFTO) and reveal the influence of processing conditions on its crystal structure. Pressureless sintering in ambient air was employed and the sintering temperatures were 850 and 1080 °C. It was found that the fabricated BFTO ceramics were multiphase ones. They consisted of two Bim+1Fem-3Ti3O3m+3...
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Accuracy of marine gravimetric measurements in terms of geodetic coordinates of land reference benchmark
PublikacjaThe article presents how the values of (3D) coordinates of land reference points affect the results of gravimetric measurements made from the ship in sea areas. These measurements are the basis for 3D maritime inertial navigation, improving ships' operational safety. The campaign verifying the network absolute point coordinates used as a reference point for relative marine gravity measurements was described. The obtained values...
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Analiza przepływu gazu w kanałowych reduktorach ciśnienia podczas zwarć łukowych w rozdzielnicach SN
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono metodę obliczania ciśnienia i temperatury gazów podczas zwarcia łukowego wewnątrz przedziału wyłącznika rozdzielnicy średniego napięcia z wykorzystaniem modelu termodynamicznego procesów towarzyszących zwarciom łukowym wewnątrz rozdzielnic z izolacją powietrzną. Następnie, w oparciu o mechanikę płynów lepkich, przedstawiono metodę obliczania rozkładu prędkości i ciśnienia gazu w kanałowych reduktorach ciśnienia...
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Sustainable recovery of plant essential Nitrogen and Phosphorus from human urine using industrial coal fly ash
PublikacjaCoal-based thermal power plants play a pivotal role in meeting global energy demand. The amount of fly ash generated from these plants increases every year, and its successful use has posed a significant environmental risk in the last decade. In this study, coal fly ash was packed in a fixed-bed adsorption column to remove Urea–N from synthetic human urine. To assess the efficacy of fly ash in the removal of Nitrogen, various process...
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Analysis of cyclone separator solutions depending on spray ejector condenser conditions
PublikacjaThe core design strategy for minimizing CO2 emissions in gas power plant entails combining a spray ejector condenser (SEC) and separator to accomplish steam condensation and CO2 purification. This innovative process involves direct-contact condensation of steam with CO2, facilitated by interaction with a subcooled water spray, along with a cyclone separator mechanism intended for generating pure CO2. The investigation of the SEC...
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Flow distribution and heat transfer in minigap and minichannel heat exchangers during flow boiling
PublikacjaThe topic of boiling heat transfer in miniscale geometries has focused the ever increasing interest of researchers in recent years. However, most of the works are related to mini- and microchannels and much less to minigaps. Meanwhile, minigaps allow for more comprehensive experimental studies, i.e. flow visualisations due to the flat, two-dimensional configuration of the flow. The results of the experimental investigations of...
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Organic Rankine cycle as bottoming cycle to a combined Brayton and Clausius - Rankine cycle
PublikacjaA preliminary evaluation has been made of a possibility of bottoming of a conventional Brayton cycle cooperating with the CHP power plant with the organic Rankine cycle installation. Such solution contributes to the possibility of annual operation of that power plant, except of operation only in periods when there is a demand for the heat. Additional benefit would be the fact that an optimized backpressure steam cycle has the advantage...
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A novel concept of enhanced direct-contact condensation of vapour- inert gas mixture in a spray ejector condenser
PublikacjaAn analytical model of direct steam condensation (DCC) in the novel idea of spray ejector condenser (SEC) in the presence of inert gas has been developed. It is based on continuity, momentum and energy equations for the steam-carbon dioxide mixture and direct contact condensation mechanisms due to heat transfer and concentration. Crucial in the process of DCC is atomisation of the motive fluid in the ejector. The effect of atomised...
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Influence of synthesis conditions on glass formation, structure and thermal properties in the Na 2 O-CaO-P 2 O 5 system doped with Si 3 N 4 and Mg
PublikacjaOxynitride phosphate glasses and glass-ceramics were prepared using new synthesis routes for phosphate glasses. Materials were melted from pre-prepared glass samples in the system Na-Ca-P-O with addition of Mg and/or Si3N4 powders under different preparation conditions. The melting process was conducted at 1000–1500 °C either under air or nitrogen atmosphere to obtain materials with different nitrogen content. Their topography...
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Application of passive sampling techniques as a usable tool in the field of environmental quality monitoring
PublikacjaAnalysis of literature data published for the past 20 years leads to the conclusion, that passive sampling technique has been developing very quickly and is commonly used in the field of monitoring pollutants in air, water and soil environment. The popularity of application of passive sampling techniques in analytical and environmental chemistry results from its many advantages e.g.: Simplicity in use, low costs of exploitation,...
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Numeryczna analiza możliwości zwiększenia efektywności grzewczej pompy ciepła, poprzez modyfikację skraplacza
PublikacjaW niniejszej pracy określono charakterystykę prostego modelu wymiennika ciepła bazującego na skraplaczu powietrznej pompy ciepła. Jest to helikoidalny rekuperator typu rura w rurze. Zaproponowano i poddano analizie numerycznej dwie metody intensyfikacji wymiany ciepła i zestawiono wyniki z modelem porównawczym. Zastosowane rozwiązania zwiększające strumień wymienianego ciepła spowodowały wzrost odbieranego przez wodę strumienia...
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Possibility of thermal imaging use in studies of natural convection heat transfer on the example of an isothermal vertical plate.
PublikacjaA new method of infrared (IR) camera use in convective heat transfer studies has been presented. Until now, IR cameras were utilized for temperature field visualizations of flat heated surfaces of solid objects only. Because liquids and gasses do not emit radiation in the infrared range of wave lengths, detection of temperature field in the air was conducted with the use of plastic mesh, which, after heating by hot air, emits infrared...
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Conversion of Biomass and Municipal Wastes into Syngas and Hydrogen using Highly Preheated Agent (HTAG)
PublikacjaGasification is considered to be one of the most promising energy recovery technologies for the widespread utilization of biomass and wastes. During this process raw feedstock is converted into a combustible gas, which can then be burnt to produce thermal energy, or to run engines for mechanical or electrical power. The studies of biomass gasification demonstrate it as a friendly alternative to fossil fuels as one of renewable...
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Enhancement of fiber-optic low-coherence Fabry-Pérot interferometer with ZnO ALD films
PublikacjaIn this paper investigation of the enhanced fiber-optic low coherence Fabry-Pérot interferometer with zinc oxide (ZnO) film deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) was presented. Model of the interferometer, which was constructed of single-mode optical fiber with applied ZnO ALD films, was built. The interferometer was also examined by means of experiment. Measurements were performed for both reflective and transmission modes,...
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The Influence of Thin Gold Electrodes on the High-Temperature Impedance of Oxide Glasses
PublikacjaThe influence of thin gold electrodes on the electrical measurements of glasses at high temperatures was studied using impedance spectroscopy. The impedance was measured several times over a wide frequency range from 10 mHz to 1 MHz and the temperature ranged from 213 to 673 K under air and nitrogen atmospheres. The results showed a drop in the conductivity of more than an order of magnitude at a temperature around 603 K during...
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Temperature Sensors Based on Polymer Fiber Optic Interferometer
PublikacjaTemperature measurements are of great importance in many fields of human activities, including industry, technology, and science. For example, obtaining a certain temperature value or a sudden change in it can be the primary control marker of a chemical process. Fiber optic sensors have remarkable properties giving a broad range of applications. They enable continuous real-time temperature control in difficult-to-reach areas, in...