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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: chemical engineering
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ASCORBIC ACID IN POLYURETHANE SYSTEMS FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING
PublikacjaThe introduction of the paper was devoted to the main items of tissue engineering (TE) and the way of porous structure obtaining as scaffolds. Furthermore, the significant role of the scaffold design in TE was described. It was shown, that properly designed polyurethanes (PURs) find application in TE due to the proper physicochemical, mechanical and biological properties. Then the use of L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) in PUR systems for...
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Analysis of Transparent Concrete as an Innovative Material Used in Civil Engineering
PublikacjaSince the dawn of history concrete has been, right behind stone and brick, one of the oldest building materials. The ancient Romans took advantage of its opportunities. They constructed amazing architectural objects, which survived centuries as whole buildings or parts of them. Concrete is so ubiquitous, that when we are walking in a newer districts of cities we are virtually surrounded by concrete from everywhere. Sometimes...
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Polyurethanes
PublikacjaHandbook of Thermoset Plastics, Fourth Edition provides complete coverage of the chemical processes, manufacturing techniques and design properties of each polymer, along with its applications. This new edition has been expanded to include the latest developments in the field, with new chapters on radiation curing, biological adhesives, vitrimers, and 3D printing. This detailed handbook considers the practical implications of using...
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Hydrogen Production Mechanism in Low-Temperature Methanol Decomposition Catalyzed by Ni3Sn4 Intermetallic Compound: A Combined Operando and Density Functional Theory Investigation
PublikacjaHydrogen production from methanol decomposition to syngas (H2 + CO) is a promising alternative route for clean energy transition. One major challenge is related to the quest for stable, cost-effective, and selective catalysts operating below 400 °C. We illustrate an investigation of the surface reactivity of a Ni3Sn4 catalyst working at 250 °C, by combining density functional theory, operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and high-resolution...
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Increasing the lifetime of engineering structures through the use of composite laggings
PublikacjaThe use of composite laggings prevents concrete (chemical and biological) corrosion. Columns coated with composite or reinforced composite are more resistant to negative environmental impact on concrete or steel. The mechanical properties of the reinforced casing also cause that these types of columns are more resistant to lateral forces. The applied casing limits carbonization of concrete and cyclical freezing and thawing with...
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Chemical and Mechanical Properties of 70-Year-Old Concrete
PublikacjaThe aim of this research is to determine the durability and strength of concrete continuous footing based on the chosen mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of the concrete. The presented investigations constitute some opinions from experts on the bearing capacity of concrete continuous footing and the possibilities of carrying additional loads and extended working life. The cylindrical specimens were taken from continuous...
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Polyurethane porous scaffolds (PPS) for soft tissue regenerative medicine applications
PublikacjaTissue engineering requires suitable polymeric scaffolds, which act as a physical support for regenerated tissue. A promising candidate might be polyurethane (PUR) scaffold, due to the ease of the PUR properties design, which can be adjusted directly to the intended purpose. In this study, we report a successful fabrication of porous polyurethane scaffolds (PPS) using solvent casting/particulate leaching technique combined with...
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Activation Energy and Inclination Magnetic Dipole Influences on Carreau Nanofluid Flowing via Cylindrical Channel with an Infinite Shearing Rate
PublikacjaThe infinite shear viscosity model of Carreau fluid characterizes the attitude of fluid flow at a very high/very low shear rate. This model has the capacity for interpretation of fluid at both extreme levels, and an inclined magnetic dipole in fluid mechanics has its valuable applications such as magnetic drug engineering, cold treatments to destroy tumors, drug targeting, bio preservation, cryosurgery, astrophysics, reaction kinetics,...
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Challenges and Possibilities of Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Membranes
PublikacjaDeep eutectic solvents (DES) are a category of a new class of solvents that can overcome some of the main drawbacks of typical solvents and ionic liquids (ILs). DES have been widely investigated and applied by the research community in several applications since their invention. Over the past years, the use of DES has been directed to the production of new materials and items for new products and processes. This is the case for...
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Phase change thermal energy storage – the experience of the materials preparation for the specific applications.
PublikacjaThermal energy storage and temperature stabilization is very important in many engineering applications. There are three kinds of thermal energy storage: sensible heat, latent heat and reversible chemical reaction heat. Phase change materials (PCM) absorb, store and release large amounts of energy in the form of latent heat, at constant temperature, called the transition temperature. Many innovative applications could be found...
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Engineering TADF, Mechanochromism, and Second Harmonic Up- conversion Properties in Regioisomeric Substitution Space
PublikacjaThis research article explores the distinct TADF efficiency of three donor-acceptor based regio-isomers: DPAOCN (ortho- isomer), DPAMCN (meta-isomer), and DPAPCN (para-isomer). DPAPCN exhibits maximum TADF efficiency in both solution and solid-state with an impressive reverse inter-system crossing (RISC) rate of ~ 106 s-1; the underlying cause being the minimum singlet-triplet splitting energy or ∆EST and maximum SOC (spin-orbit...
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An Investigation of Polyamides Based on Isoidide-2,5-dimethyleneamine as a Green Rigid Building Block with Enhanced Reactivity
PublikacjaNovel, semicrystalline polyamides and copolyamides were synthesized from a new carbohydrate-based diamine, namely isoidide-2,5-dimethyleneamine (IIDMA). In combination with 1,6-hexamethylene diamine (1,6-HDA) as well as the biobased sebacic acid (SA) or brassylic acid (BrA), the desired copolyamides were obtained via melt polymerization of the nylon salts followed by a solid-state polycondensation (SSPC) process. Depending on the...
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Band Gap Engineering toward Semimetallic Character of Quinone-Rich Polydopamine
PublikacjaSemiconductor|melanin interfaces have received increasingly more attention in the fields of photocatalysis and applied electrochemistry because of their facile synthesis, unique electrical properties, and strong capability toward photosensitization. In this work, we describe the electropolymerization of quinone-rich polydopamine (PDA) on the surface of hydrogenated TiO2 nanotubes with enhanced photoactivity in the visible spectrum....
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Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) at Boron-doped Diamond (BDD) Sensor by Means of Amperometric Technique
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Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) at Boron-doped Diamond (BDD) Sensor by Means of Amperometric Technique
PublikacjaA boron-doped diamond (BDD) sensor was proposed for effective detection of chemical oxygen demand (COD) by means of amperometric technique. Thin boron doped diamond active sensor layer was deposited on Si wafer and glassy carbon substrate by Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (MW PE CVD). The structure of BDD was confirmed by Raman spectra analysis. Broad Raman bands centered at 482 cm-1 and 1219 cm-1 are typical...
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Wpływ stopowania laserowego z użyciem nanorurek węglowych stopu Ti13Nb13Zr do zastosowań biomedycznych na jego wybrane własności mechaniczne
PublikacjaDo eksperymentu użyto stopu tytanu Ti13Nb13Zr, który ze względu na swój skład chemiczny i właściwości mechaniczne stanowi materiał do zastosowań w inżynierii medycznej. Celem pracy była ocena wpływu stopowania laserowego stopu Ti13Nb13Zr z powłoką z wielościennych nanorurek węglowych na jego właściwości mechaniczne (chropowatość, nanotwardość, moduł Younga). Do wytworzenia powłoki węglowej wykorzystano metodę osadzania elektroforetycznego (EDP)....
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Numerical simulation of temperature distribution of heat flow on reservoir tanks connected in a series
PublikacjaThe flow of temperature distribution through a medium in thermodynamic studies plays an important role in understanding physical phenomena in chemical science and petroleum engineering, while temperature distribution indicates the degree of reaction that must be undergone to obtain the final product. Therefore, this paper aims to present and apply the exponential matrix algorithm (EMA), differential transformation algorithm (DTA),...
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Estimation of the expected effects of different surface modifications on mechanical, chemical and biological behaviour of endoprostheses
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono koncepcję nowej endoprotezy o szczególnie wysokiej odporności na zużycie i pękanie. Koncepcja zakada wytwarzanie wieloetapową obróbkę powierzchniową kompozytu metalowo-ceramicznego.
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2D MXene nanocomposites: electrochemical and biomedical applications
PublikacjaIn recent years, key questions about the interaction of 2D MXene nanomaterials in electrochemical and biomedical applications have been raised. Most research has focused on clarifying the exclusive properties of the materials; however, only limited reports have described the biomedical applications of 2D nanomaterials. 2D MXenes are monolayer atomic nanosheets resulting from MAX phase ceramics. The hydrophilic properties, metallic...
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Determination of Chemical Diffusion Coefficient of Lithium Ions in Ceramics Derived from Pyrolysed Poly(1,2-dimethylsilazane) and Starch
PublikacjaThe apparent chemical diffusion coefficient Li+ (DappLI+) in pyrolysed poly(1,2-dimethylsilazane)/starch (PSN/S) (weight ratio: 30/70) ceramic anode composite is determined by galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT). The electrode material composition is C6.00N0.14H0.47O0.12Si0.13. The calculated values of DappLI+, depend on the applied potential, vary from 10-14 to 10-9 [cm2/s]. The diffusion coefficient of lithium...
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Bibliometric analysis and literature review of ultrasound-assisted degradation of organic pollutants
PublikacjaUltrasound as a clean, efficient, and cheap technique gains special attention in wastewater treatment. Ultrasound alone or coupled with hybrid processes have been widely studied for the treatment of pollutants in wastewater. Thus, it is essential to conduct a review about the research development and trends on this emerging technique. This work presents a bibliometric analysis of the topic associated with multiple tools such as...
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ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND pH IN SURFACE WATER AS TOOL FOR IDENTIFICATION OF CHEMICAL DIVERSITY
PublikacjaIn the present study, the creeks and lakes located at the western shore of Admiralty Bay were analysed. The impact of various sources of water supply was considered, based on the parameters of temperature, pH and specific electrolytic conductivity (SEC25). All measurements were conducted during a field campaign in January-February 2017. A multivariate dataset was also created and a biplot of SEC25 and pH of the investigated waters...
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The Impact of Long-Time Chemical Bonds in Mineral-Cement-Emulsion Mixtures on Stiffness Modulus
PublikacjaDeep cold in-place recycling is the most popular method of reuse of existing old and deteriorated asphalt layers of road pavements. In Poland, in most cases, the Mineral-Cement-Emulsion mixture technology is used, but there are also applications combining foamed bitumen and cement. Mineral-Cement-Emulsion mixtures contain two different binding agents – cement as well as asphalt from the asphalt emulsion. Asphalt creates asphalt...
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Experimental and Quantum Chemical Evaluation of 8-Hydroxyquinoline as a Corrosion Inhibitor for Copper in 0.1 M HCl
PublikacjaThe corrosion inhibition properties of 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) in 0.1 M HCl for copper have been investigated by using experimental (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), and potentiodynamic polarization) and theoretical methods complemented by surface morphological examination with the aid of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy...
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Ionic liquids for nano- and microstructures preparation. Part 1: Properties and multifunctional role
PublikacjaIonic liquids (ILs) are a broad group of organic salts of varying structure and properties, used in energy conversion and storage, chemical analysis, separation processes, as well as in the preparation of particles in nano- and microscale. In material engineering, ionic liquids are applied to synthesize mainly metal nanoparticles and 3D semiconductor microparticles. They could generally serve as a structuring agent or as a reaction...
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Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of nanohydroxyapatite - nanosilver coatings on Ti13Zr13Nb alloy
PublikacjaTitanium and its alloys are the biomaterials most frequently used in medical engineering, especially as parts of orthopedic and dental implants. The surfaces of titanium and its alloys are usually modified to improve their biocompatibility and bioactivity, for example, in connection with the deposition of hydroxyapatite coatings. The objective of the present research was to elaborate the technology of electrophoretic deposition...
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Application and modelling of Shape-Memory Alloys for structural vibration control: State-of-the-art review
PublikacjaOne of the most essential components of structural design for civil engineers is to build a system that is resistant to environmental conditions such as harsh chemical environments, and catastrophic disasters like earthquakes and hurricanes. Under these circumstances and disturbances, conventional building materials such as steel and concrete may demonstrate inadequate performance in the form of corrosion, deterioration, oxidizing,...
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Chemical, thermal and laser processes in recycling of photovoltaic silicon solar cells and modules
PublikacjaIn recent years, photovoltaic power generation systems have been gaining unprecedented attention as an environmentally beneficial method to solve the energy problem. From the economic point of view the pure silicon, which can be recapture from the used cells, is the most important material due to its cost and shortage. In the paper selected methods of used or damaged module and cells recycling and experimental results are presented....
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Analiza oddziaływań w kryształach związków zawierających w strukturze pierścień pirydynowy
PublikacjaMożliwość tworzenia się wiązań wodorowych jest kluczowym parametrem z punktu widzenia inżynierii kryształu, ponieważ wiązania wodorowe mają bezpośredni wpływ na strukturę oraz trwałość sieci krystalicznej. Głównym celem niniejszej rozprawy doktorskiej była analiza porównawcza wiązań wodorowych występujących w układach, zawierających w strukturze pierścień pirydynowy. Badane układy podzielono na: (1) układy ze związkami krzemosiarkowymi...
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A review of design approaches for the implementation of low-frequency noise measurement systems
PublikacjaElectronic noise has its roots in the fundamental physical interactions between matter and charged particles, carrying information about the phenomena that occur at the microscopic level. Therefore, Low-Frequency Noise Measurements (LFNM) are a well-established technique for the characterization of electron devices and materials and, compared to other techniques, they offer the advantage of being non-destructive and of providing...
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Prediction of energy consumption and evaluation of affecting factors in a full-scale WWTP using a machine learning approach
PublikacjaTreatment of municipal wastewater to meet the stringent effluent quality standards is an energy-intensive process and the main contributor to the costs of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Analysis and prediction of energy consumption (EC) are essential in designing and operating sustainable energy-saving WWTPs. In this study, the effect of wastewater, hydraulic, and climate-based parameters on the daily consumption of EC by...
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Uncertainty in maritime risk analysis: Extended case study on chemical tanker collisions
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Chemical surface etching methods for ground tire rubber as sustainable approach for environmentally-friendly composites development– a review
PublikacjaGround tire rubber (GTR) has been used as a sustainable low-cost modifier in various composites. However, due to the hydrophobic nature of GTR, it is in compatible with most matrices and results in deterioration in both mechanical and physical properties of composites. This necessitates pre-modification of the powdered rubber to improve the interfacial bonding at the rubber-matric interface. The most common GTR modification research...
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Rheological characteristics of oligomeric semiproducts gained via chemical degradation of polyurethane foam using crude glycerin in the presence of different catalysts
PublikacjaPolyurethane (PU) recycling is a topic of growing interest due to the increasing amount of polyurethane waste. The main purpose of polyurethane chemical recycling is to recover the starting polyol. In this study, a method of polyurethane thermochemical recycling, glycerolysis by means of crude glycerin, is proposed. This work presents a comparative study of commercial catalysts used in order to accelerate the decomposition process,...
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Defect engineering, microstructural examination and improvement of ultrafast third harmonic generation in GaZnO nanostructures: a study of e-beam irradiation
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Structural investigations of niobium-doped bioactive calcium-phosphate glass-ceramics by means of spectroscopic studies
PublikacjaSynthetic calcium-phosphate based glasses and glass-ceramics play a crucial role in the development of tissue engineering. These materials have a high biocompatibility with biological analogues, excellent ability to undergo varying degrees of resorbability and due to their non-toxicity and relatively high bioactivity they are commonly used as bone and dental implants. A substantial research effort is devoted to improve synthetic...
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Mechanical Properties and Residual Stress Measurements of Grade IV Titanium and Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13Nb-13Zr Titanium Alloys after Laser Treatment
PublikacjaNowadays, surface engineering focuses on research into materials for medical applications. Titanium and its alloys are prominent, especially Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13Nb-13Zr. Samples made of pure grade IV titanium and the titanium alloys Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13Nb-13Zr were modified via laser treatment with laser beam frequency f = 25 Hz and laser beam power P = 1000 W during a laser pulse with duration t = 1 ms. Subsequently, to analyze...
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Combined chemical-biological treatment of effluents from soil remediation processes by surfactants solutions flushing
PublikacjaŚcieki powstające podczas procesu remediacji gruntu zawierają surfaktanty o wysokim stężeniu oraz oleje w postaci zemulgowanej i zsolubilizowanej lub wolnej. Do oczyszczenia takich ścieków zastosowano chemiczne utlenianie, biologiczne oczyszczanie oraz zintegrowany proces chemiczno biologiczny. Efektywność procesu oceniono na podstawie redukcji ChZT oraz zmiany stężenia surfaktantu w oczyszczanych ściekach. Chemiczne utlenienie...
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Zintegrowany system badań zanieczyszczenia środowiska oparty na wykorzystaniu analityki chemicznej i biotestów = Integrated system for assessment of environment quality based on chemical analysis and biotests/Integrated system for assessment of environment quality based on chemical analysis and biotests/
PublikacjaW ostatnich latach coraz częściej do oceny jakości środowiska wykorzystuje się tzw. narzędzia zintegrowane, czyli połączenie analiz chemicznych z mikrobiotestami. Umożliwić to ma identyfikację potencjalnych źródeł toksyczności w analizowanych próbkach. Niestety, znalezienie wyraźnych korelacji pomiędzy wynikami analiz chemicznych oraz oszacowanymi parametrami toksyczności nie jest prostym zadaniem i nastręcza wiele trudności.
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More than just a beer – Brewers' spent grain, spent hops, and spent yeast as potential functional fillers for polymer composites
PublikacjaBeer is among the most popular beverages in the world, with the production distributed uniformly between the biggest continents, so the utilization of brewing by-products is essential on a global scale. Among their potential recipients, the plastics industry offers extensive range of potential products. Herein, the presented study investigated the application of currently underutilized solid brewing by-products (brewers' spent...
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Diagnostyka eksploatacyjna okrętowych silników spalinowych - tłokowych i turbinowych
PublikacjaW monografii przedstawiono wybrane zagadnienia diagnostyki technicznej silników spalinowych dużej mocy, zarówno tłokowych, jak i turbinowych, ukierunkowane na eksploatację okrętowych (i nie tylko) systemów energetycznych, w których występują tego typu silniki. W początkowej części opracowania zaproponowano koncepcję systemowego ujęcia diagnostyki eksploatacyjnej silników okrętowych w aspekcie obowiązujących standardów światowych...
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Możliwości zastosowań, potencjalne źródła oraz ewolucja technologiczna sposobu otrzymywania trehalozy ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem enzymu syntazy trehalozy [EC 5.4.99.16]
PublikacjaJedna z wiodących gałęzi współczesnej biotechnologii opiera się na produkcji białek – przede wszystkim enzymów. Są one powszechnie wykorzystywane: od przemysłu chemicznego poprzez przemysł spożywczy aż po medycynę i życie codzienne (czy ktoś wyobraża sobie w dzisiejszych czasach proszek do prania „bez enzymu”). Przed rozwojem nowoczesnych metod biologii molekularnej i inżynierii genetycznej pozyskiwano interesujące substancje z...
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Direct-contact condensation from vapour- gas mixture in a spray ejector condenser for negative CO2 power plant
PublikacjaDirect-contact condensation of vapour containing the inert gas on a spray of subcooled liquid exists in a number of technical applications. For example, it may be found in the nuclear industry (e.g. pressurized jet under normal operating conditions, in safety analyses) or in the chemical industry (e.g. mixing-type heat exchanger, degasser, sea water desalting). The problem is also essential to modelling and analysis of some...
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The effect of boron concentration on the electrical, morphological and optical properties of boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond sheets: Tuning the diamond-on-graphene vertical junction
PublikacjaIn this paper, the effect of boron doping on the electrical, morphological and structural properties of free-standing nanocrystalline diamond sheets (thickness ~ 1 μm) was investigated. For this purpose, we used diamond films delaminated from a mirror-polished tantalum substrate following a microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition process, each grown with a different [B]/[C] ratio (up to 20,000 ppm) in the gas phase....
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Spectroscopic studies of Nb-doped tricalcium phosphate glass-ceramics prepared by sol-gel method
PublikacjaCalcium-phosphate based glasses and glass-ceramics play a crucial role in the tissue engineering development. Apart from their high biocompatibility and excellent ability to undergo varying degrees of resorbability1, they exhibit relatively high bioactivity and due to that they are commonly used as bone and dental implants. A substantial research effort is devoted to improve calcium-phosphate materials physico-chemical properties...
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Środowiskowy dym tytoniowy - skład, oddziaływanie na organizm, problemy analityczne = Environmental tobacco smoke - chemical constituents, impact on human health, analytical problems
PublikacjaPalenie tytoniu jest przyczyną znacznego zanieczyszczenia powietrza wewnętrznego różnego typu pomieszczeń. Wiele związków chemicznych wydzielających się wraz z głównym i bocznym strumieniem dymu papierosowego wykazuje charakter rakotwórczy, a także wywołuje skutki toksyczne odległe w czasie. Różny stopień narażenia na szkodliwe składniki środowiskowego dymu tytoniowego obserwuje się zarówno u aktywnych, jak i biernych palaczy....
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Phase Change Thermal Energy Storage – The Experience of the Materials Preparation for the Specific Applications.
PublikacjaThermal energy storage and temperature stabilization is very important in many engineering applications. There are three kinds of thermal energy storage: sensible heat storage, latent heat storage and reversible chemical reaction heat storage. Phase change materials (PCM) absorb, store and release large amounts of energy in the form of latent heat, at constant temperature, called the transition temperature. The amount of heat...
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Green porous benzamide-like nanomembranes for hazardous cations detection, separation, and concentration adjustment
PublikacjaGreen biomaterials play a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases as well as health-related problem-solving. Typically, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical strength are requirements centered on biomaterial engineering. However, in-hospital therapeutics require an elaborated synthesis of hybrid and complex nanomaterials capable of mimicking cellular behavior. Accumulation of hazardous cations like...
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Próbki wód spływnych - sposób pobierania z różnych powierzchni i ich skład chemiczny = Samples of runoff water - sampling procedures for different surfaces and chemical composition
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono dane dotyczące chemizmu wód spływnych dostających się do środowiska w wyniku zmywania przez opady atmosferyczne zanieczyszczeń z takich powierzchni jak: arterie komunikacyjne, dachy budynków, obszary rolnicze i leśne oraz hałdy odpadów. Wyniki uzyskane w trakcie badań własnych zestawiono z danymi literaturowymi. Informacje o metodyce pobierania próbek i położeniu stanowiska obserwacyjnego warunkują prawidłowy wynik...
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Charakterystyka, procesy chemicznej modyfikacji oraz zastosowanie krzemionki i jej zmodyfikowanych postaci = Characteristics, processes of chemical modification as ell as the application of silica and its modified forms
PublikacjaRóżnorodność chemicznych modyfikacji krzemionki i jej zmodyfikowanych postaci powodują, iż materiały te znajdują coraz szerszy zakres wykorzystania. W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę krzemionki, żelu krzemionkowego, aerożelu oraz kserożelu. Omówiono otrzymywanie, zastosowanie, a także właściwości tych materiałów. Przedstawiono sposoby chemicznej modyfikacji struktur powierzchniowych z użyciem różnych związków chemicznych....