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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY–TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY
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New procedure for the examination of the degradation of volatile organonitrogen compounds during the treatment of industrial effluents
PublikacjaWe present a new procedure for the determination of 32 volatile organonitrogen compounds in samples of industrial effluents with a complex matrix. The procedure, based on dispersive liquid–liquid microex-traction followed by gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus and mass spectrometric detection, wasoptimized and validated. Optimization of the extraction included the type of extraction and disperser sol-vent, disperser solvent...
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Dehydrogenation in electron-induced dissociative ionization of pyridine molecule
PublikacjaThe electron-impact dissociative ionization of pyridine has been investigated using mass spectrometry. Thirty-two well-resolved mass peaks have been identified in the cation mass spectra and assigned to the most likely ionic molecular fragments. The new sixteen ionic fragments' appearance energies have been determined, and sixteen others remeasured. The total cross-section for electron-impact ionization of pyridine has been measured...
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Spinning Fluids Reactor: A new design of a gas – liquid contactor
PublikacjaCurrent trends in chemical reactor design are based on adapting these to the requirements of a particular chemical process. Processes involving reactions between the gas and liquid phase in particular require precise adjustment of all parameters. The common denominator for most modern design solutions is enhancement of the mass transfer area and the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient. Gas – liquid contactors evolved from...
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Process control of air stream deodorization from vapors of VOCs using a gas sensor matrix conducted in the biotrickling filter (BTF)
PublikacjaThis article presents the validity, advisability and purposefulness of using a gas sensor matrix to monitor air deodorization processes carried out in a peat-perlite-polyurethane foam-packed biotrickling filter. The aim of the conducted research was to control the effectiveness of air stream purification from vapors of hydrophobic compounds, i.e., n-hexane and cyclohexane. The effectiveness of hydrophobic n-hexane and cyclohexane...
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Effects of liquid phase modification on the performance of biotrickling filters
Dane BadawczeDataset presents the effects of liquid phase modification on the biotrickling filtration (BTF) performance of air polluted with toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and styrene.
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Separation of C6 hydrocarbons on sodium dithionite reduced graphene oxide aerogels
PublikacjaThe ability of reduced graphene oxide aerogels (rGOAs) for challenging gas-phase separation was investigated with hexane isomers and benzene (C6 hydrocarbons) using inverse gas chromatography (IGC). For the first, rGOAs were synthesized with sodium dithionite (DTN) as a reductant. Experiments revealed that the most optimal DTN to graphene oxide mass ratio was 2:1, resulting in the highest specific surface area of 432.3 m2 g−1 and...
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Analysis of arsenic species in environmental samples
PublikacjaMany analytical methods for determining arsenic in various forms in environmental samples have been developed in recent years. The main objective of this review article is the presentation and comparison of the three principal techniques for the determination arsenic compounds, namely: hydride generation (HG), voltammetry and chromatography (liquid chromatography including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and gas...
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New approach for e-cigarette aerosol collection by an original automatic aerosol generator utilizing melt-blown non-woven fabric
PublikacjaCurrently, there is lack of standardized conditions for the collection and analysis of e-cigarette (EC) aerosol. Considering the urgent need for the development of these guidelines, a procedure for EC aerosol analysis was developed. A novel automatic e-cigarette aerosol generator was designed. For the first time, melt-blown non-woven fabric was applied for the effective uptake of compounds released from vaporized e-liquid. The...
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Dissociative ionization dynamics of dielectric gas C3F7CN
PublikacjaFluoronitrile C3F7CN is a promising candidate for the replacement of SF6 dielectric gas in high-voltage insulation. We present a combined experimental and theoretical study on its ionization dynamics probed in the 0-100 eV energy range. We exploited the total ion collection technique to determine the absolute ionization cross section, mass spectrometry to determine the fragment branching ratios and ab initio nonadiabatic molecular...
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Mass transfer in Spinning Fluids Reactor — Measurement and prediction
PublikacjaSpecific mass transfer area (a) and overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) are mass transfer parameters commonly used in the description and comparison of various chemical reactors’ constructions. Determination of these was performed for Spinning Fluids Reactor (SFR). Sodium sulfite oxidation in the presence of cobalt ion catalyst was used for the determination of a and kLa. The a and kLa were successful predicted....
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Żółte barwniki organiczne w XIX-wiecznych farbach Jana Matejki - identyfikacja substancji barwiących, nośników, oraz wypełniaczy
PublikacjaNaturalne barwniki organiczne można znaleźć w wielu obiektach dziedzictwa kulturowego. Identyfikacja substancji barwiących obecnych w farbach historycznych dostarcza istotnych informacji dla wielu specjalistów zaangażowanych w naukę o sztuce. Identyfikacja składu farb pozwala na zastosowanie odpowiednich procedur dotyczących renowacji i konserwacji historycznych dzieł sztuki. Informacje te pozwalają na ich renowację zgodnie z decyzjami...
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Determination of Selected Organic Acids in Animal Farm Water Samples by Ion Chromatography
PublikacjaLow molecular mass carboxylic acids (LCAs) occur in many environmental compartments due to natural processes and human activity. They are an important group of organic pollutants of waste water that mainly includes, volatile fatty acids, and also dicarboxylic, aromatic, hydroxy- and ketoacids. LCAs are present in the environment at concentrations between 1 to 5000 ppm and different methods have been reported for their determination...
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Experimental and theoretical studies on the photodegradation of 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate in the presence of reactive oxygen and chlorine species
Publikacja2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC) is one of the most commonly used sunscreen ingredient. In this study we investigated photodegradation of EHMC in the presence of such common oxidizing and chlorinating systems as H2O2, H2O2/HCl, H2O2/UV, and H2O2/HCl/UV. Reaction products were detected by gas chromatography with a mass spectrometric detector (GC-MS). As a result of experimental studies chloro-substituted 4-methoxycinnamic...
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Simultaneous Removal of Hexane and Ethanol from Air in a Biotrickling Filter—Process Performance and Monitoring Using Electronic Nose
PublikacjaBiofiltration is a well-accepted method for the removal of malodorous compounds from air streams. Interestingly, the mechanisms underlying this process are not fully understood. The aim of this paper was to investigate the simultaneous removal of hydrophobic hexane with hydrophilic ethanol, resulting in the enhanced removal of hexane in the presence of ethanol. Investigations were performed in a peat-perlite packed biotrickling...
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Monitoring and analytics of semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in indoor air
PublikacjaThis paper reviews literature information on the behaviour of semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in the indoor environment, as well as the most likely emission sources. The consecutive stages of analytical procedures used for monitoring SVOCs in indoor environments are described. The most common approaches used for collecting samples from the gas and particulate phases are mentioned. The paper discusses and compares various...
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Green Chromatography: State-of-the-art, Opportunities and Future Perspectives
PublikacjaIt is well known that chromatographic procedures could have a significant impact on the environment if laboratory practice is not in line with the principles of green analytical chemistry (GAC). However, chromatographic techniques have the potential to be greener in all steps of the analysis. The approaches used to make chromatographic separations greener differ depending on the type of chromatographic method. This chapter considers...
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Turmeric nanofiber-encapsulated natural product formulation act as a phytogenic feed additive—A study in broilers on growth performance, biochemical indices of blood, and E. coli in cecum
PublikacjaA phytogenic feed additive (PFA) formulation was prepared with bioactive molecules—curcuminoids, gingerol, and carvacrol by encapsulating in nanofiber isolated from turmeric spent (turmeric nanofiber, TNF). This formulation was completely characterized by scanning electron microscope, ultra performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography and evaluated for its efficacy. PFA-encapsulated TNF (PFA@TNF) considerably increased...
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Differentiation Between Spirits According to Their Botanical Origin
PublikacjaAgricultural distillates are used for the production of spirit beverages. As more and more products with a specific botanical composition specified on the label are produced (e.g. rye vodkas, wheat vodkas and Polish Vodka, which cannot be produced with the addition of maize distillate), it is necessary to look for quicker and more accurate methods allowing the determination of botanical origin of alcoholic beverages and materials...
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Discrimination of selected fungi species based on their odour profile using prototypes of electronic nose instruments
PublikacjaThe paper presents practical application of an electronic nose technique to fast and efficient discrimination of the samples of different fungi species such as: Penicillium chrysogenum, Cladosporium herbarum, Rhizopus oryzae, Alternaria alternata. Two prototypes of electronic nose instrument were utilized for investigation of discrimination capability with respect to odour profile of these fungi: the first prototype was based on...
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PTR-MS and electronic nose application for volatile fraction analysis of cigar tobacco
PublikacjaCigar consumers attach great importance to the quality of these products. At the same time, cigars are often expensive, so destructive analytical methods of quality control are not being desired. However, it has been found that there are many volatile organic compounds in their headspace. Because of that, proton transfer reaction–mass spectrometry and electronic nose were used to analyse it. The obtained results were used to distinguish...
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Determination of odour concentration by TD-GC×GC–TOF-MS and field olfactometry techniques
PublikacjaField olfactometry is one of the sensory techniques used to determine odour concentration, in atmospheric air, directly in emission sources. A two-dimensional gas chromatography with time of flight mass spectrometer (GC×GC–TOF-MS) allows performing the chemical characterization of various groups of chemical compounds, even in complex mixtures. Application of these techniques enabled determination of odour concentration level in...
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Analytical methodologies for determination of artificial sweeteners in foodstuffs- a review
PublikacjaArtificial high-intensity sweeteners are more and more frequently used for food production. Food industry tends to highlight beneficial aspects of their use, such as tooth-friendliness, rising-up quality of life of those suffering from different forms of diabetes and possibility of weight control without sacrificing favorite unhealthy drinks or snacks. On the other hand some of the consumers are deeply concerned about safety of...
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Gaseous products from scrap tires pyrolisis
PublikacjaIn European Union 75% of used tires should be recycled. The most common method of used tires disposal, is burning in cement kilns, which does not solve the problem. Pyrolysis process can be an alternative way of utilization of tires. The aim of the researches was to check the influence of pyrolysis products (gas and oil fractions) on environment. Samples from pyrolysis process, like light oil fractions or pyrolysis gases were analyzed...
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Flow Maps and Flow Patterns of R1233zd(E) in a Circular Minichannel at Low, Medium and High Values of Saturation Pressure
PublikacjaThere is a gap in knowledge regarding the flow pattern of low-boiling working fluids in the range of high saturation temperatures (above 120°C) and medium and high reduced pressures (0.5-0.9). Data are present in the literature for similar values of reduced pressures, but for lower values of saturation temperature. This is due to the existing refrigeration applications of these working fluids. At high values of reduced pressure,...
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Power augmentation of PGE Gorzow's gas turbine by steam injection - thermodynamic overview
PublikacjaThe impact of steam injection upon a gas turbine and a combined power plant performance has been investigated. This article describes and summarizes possibilities of modification for current gas turbine in PGE Gorzow power plant into the Cheng cycle. Our modification deals with a thermal cycle, in which steam produced in a heat recovery steam generator is injected into the gas turbine's combustion chamber. It has been proved that...
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On Accuracy Modeling of Gas Turbine Cycles by the In-house COM-GAS Code
PublikacjaIn this paper, a comparison of accuracy modeling of gas turbine cycles between the basic (classical) model and the in-house COM-GAS code has been presented. The basic model uses a semi-perfect gas and well known projecting assumption. On the other hand, the computational flow mechanics (CFM) basis on a real gas by using thermodynamic tables. The thermodynamic analysis of thermal cycles, simply gas cycle GT8C and gas turbine cycle...
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Mesophilic and thermophilic dark fermentation course analysis using sensor matrices and chromatographic techniques
PublikacjaProduction of biofuels from biomass is expected to benefit the society and the environment. At present, bio waste residues processing includes hydrolysis, dark fermentation, photofermentation, pyrolysis, gasification, and chemical synthesis. As the composition and the chemical structure of organic substances affect the efficiency of mentioned processes, it is believed that the glucose concentration is a crucial parameter for the...
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Intramolecular transformation of an antifungal antibiotic nystatin A1 into its isomer, iso-nystatin A1 - structural and molecular modeling studies
PublikacjaNystatin A1, a polyene macrolide antifungal antibiotic, in a slightly basic or acidic solution undergoes an intramolecular transformation, yielding a structural isomer, the translactonization product, iso-nystatin A1 with lactone ring diminished by two carbon atoms. Structural evidence is provided by advanced NMR and Mass Spectrometry (MS) studies. Molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanics calculations gave the insight...
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Tomasz Majchrzak dr inż.
OsobyDr inż. Tomasz Majchrzak urodził się 29.01.1992 roku w Elblągu. W młodym wieku przejawiał zainteresowania z zakresu nauk społecznych i historii, stąd wykształcenie średnie uzyskał w I LO w Elblągu w klasie o profilu społeczno-prawnym. Jednak, rzucając sobie wyzwanie, zdecydował się wybrać studia na Wydziale Chemicznym Politechniki Gdańskiej, z którym związany jest do teraz. Swoją karierę naukową rozpoczął jeszcze na studiach inżynierskich...
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Common methods for the chiral determination of amphetamine and related compounds II: Capillary electrophoresis and nuclear magnetic resonance
PublikacjaAmphetamine group and related ring-substituted substances are generally synthetic compounds, belonging to one of the most heavily abused drug groups in recent years. Some compounds in this class also originate from plants. Analysis of the enantiomers of AM-type compounds and metabolites is extremely important for a number of scientific disciplines. From studies of biological activity or mechanisms through determination of precursor...
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Fluid Mechanics, L/L/E, DaPE, sem. 04, summer 21/22 (PG_00050282)
Kursy OnlineLECTURES Introduction and basic definitions. Properties of fluids. Models of fluids. Fluids in equilibrium. Determination of hydrostatic forces. Archimedes" law. Methods of fluid flow description. General motion of fluid. Deformation of fluid element. Vortex motion of fluid. Principles of conservation of mass, momentum and energy. Balance of entropy. Navier-Stokes equation. Bernoulli equation. Similarity of flow phenomena. Potential...
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Kinetics of cyclohexane removal by Candida subhashii and Fusarium solani
Dane BadawczeDataset presents cyclohexane biodegradation in gas phase using two species of microorganisms: Candida Subhashii and Fusarium solani. Biodegradation was carried out in sealed chambers with a capacity of 1000 ml. In each of them there are two discs inhabited with microorganisms, made of polyurethane foam, 80 mm in diameter and 20 mm thick.
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Electron-impact ionization cross section of formic acid
PublikacjaExperimental electron-impact ionization cross sections of one of the simplest carboxylic acids, formic acid, are presented. The molecular target was studied in two independent experimental setups applying different methods: the total ion collection and the electron–impact mass spectrometry methods. Experimental data were taken at incident electron energies ranging from ionization threshold [11.31 eV; J.C. Traeger, Int. J. Mass...
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The compositional space of exhaled breath condensate and its link to the human breath volatilome
PublikacjaBreath analysis is commonly understood to target gaseous or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for the characterization of different pathologies. Targeted analysis is most effective if a working hypothesis can be based on a plethora of data. The recently published volatilome builds an optimal basis for organizing powerful target sets. However, the origin and pathways of biosynthesis of many VOCs are not known, which complicates...
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Micellar Route of the Synthesis of Alkyl Xylosides: An Unexpected Effect of Amphiphilic Imidazolium Ionic Liquids
PublikacjaThis manuscript presents results from the investigation on the synthesis of alkyl xylosides by the novel, very efficient and promising protocol of the Fischer synthesis from unprotected xylose and aliphatic alcohol. The use of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ionic liquids as the catalysts with dual functionality (surfactant + acid catalyst) and micellar reaction system are the main novelty of described method. It has...
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Electron impact ionization and cationic fragmentation of the pyridazine molecules
PublikacjaElectron impact mass spectroscopy was used to investigate ionization and cationic fragmentation of the pyridazine (1,2 diazine), C4H4N2, molecules in the gas phase. The mass spectra were measured and the observed mass peaks assigned to the corresponding cations. The appearance energies of most of the cationic fragments were determined and the possible fragmentation processes are discussed. The total cross section for electron...
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Application of electronic nose to effectiveness monitoring of air contaminated with toluene vapors biofiltration process
PublikacjaThe research presents the application of electronic nose (combined with MLR model) to on-line effectiveness monitoring of biofiltration of air contaminated with hydrophobic, odorous compound (toluene vapors). The research was conducted using two-section biotrickling filter inhabited by Candida environmental isolates. Gas chromatography was used as the comparative technique to obtain reliable quantification of toluene concentration...
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Distinction of citrus fruits based on their volatile composition using the electronic nose
PublikacjaThe aim of the study was to analyze the volatile fraction of the citrus fruit using an electronic nose device integrated with ultrafast gas chromatography. The subjects were Citrus aurantifolia, Fortunella margarita Swingle and Citrus × floridana. The chromatographic data obtained were analyzed by means of chemometric methods: PCA and SQC. On the basis of the charts obtained, it is possible to distinguish the fruits tested on the...
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Transportable, Portable and Micro Gas Chromatographs
PublikacjaSignificant benefits can be obtained by miniaturization of conventional benchtop gas chromatographs. The attractive features arising from miniaturization include low-power requirements, low heat capacity of separation columns, low consumption of mobile phase, enhanced performance, higher portability, and easily coupling to detectors and secondary chromatographic systems. In separation sciences, including gas phase separations,...
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Design Analysis of Micro Gas Turbines in Closed Cycles
PublikacjaThe problems faced by designers of micro-turbines are connected with a very small volume flow rate of working media which leads to small blades’ height and high rotor speed. In the case of gas turbines this limitation can be overcome by the application of a closed cycle with very low pressure at the compressor inlet (lower than atmospheric pressure). In this way we may apply a micro gas turbine unit of accepted efficiency to work...
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Nowe substancje psychoaktywne. Cz. I. Współczesna sytuacja narkotykowa
PublikacjaGwałtowny wzrost liczby substancji wprowadzanych na rynek narkotykowy został zaobserwowany już pod koniec lat dziewięćdziesiątych XX wieku. Każdego roku syntezowane są nowe substancje jako analogi już istniejących, a ich ilość systematycznie rośnie. Niejednokrotnie wprowadzenie niewielkiej zmiany w strukturze związku może spowodować znaczne zmiany ich właściwości fizykochemicznych oraz psychoaktywnych. Nowe substancje psychoaktywne...
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The effect of 1,4-butanediol on the efficiency of CO2 absorption and inhibition of NH3 escape during the mineral carbonation of gypsum
PublikacjaThis study explored the optimal concentration of 1,4-butanediol for maximizing CO2 absorption and minimizing ammonia desorption. Mineral carbonation of gypsum slurry was carried out in a bubble reactor with a magnetic stirrer maintaining constant speed for 1 hour. The gas introduced to the reactor was a mixture of CO2 and air. The gas flow was controlled by the mass controllers. Gas sensors were used to determine the concentration...
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Alternative methods for dark fermentation course analysis
PublikacjaDark fermentation course analysis is crucial, as complexed matrix of gaseous components may be formed and revealed during the process. The paper considers key issues related to the microbiological process in which complex organic substances are transformed into hydrogen. For the purposes of hydrogen generation, the application of wastewater mixed sludge pre-treated according to Faloye method (Faloye et al. in Int J Hydrog Energy...
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Studies on applicability of new solid-phase microextraction and determination of short - chain monocarboxylic acids
PublikacjaA convenient approach to monitor the short-chain monocaroboksylic acids (SCAMs) in different samples is gas chromatography (GC) preceded by sample preparation based on solid-phase microextraction (SPME). The fiber with polar coatings were used to extract the SCAMs from headspace of liquid and solid samples. Recently polimeric ionic liquid (PIL) fiber coatings have been proposed to extract volatile organic compounds, minly polar...
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CO2 capture using steam ejector condenser under electro hydrodynamic actuator with non-condensable gas and cyclone separator: A numerical study
PublikacjaThe concept for condensation of steam and CO2 separation in a negative CO2 emission gas power plant involves the utilization of a steam ejector condenser (SEC) for direct-contact condensation of vapor with inert gas (CO2) on a spray of subcooled liquid, integrated with a separator to produce pure CO2. Due to the increasing diffusion resistance and reduced convective heat transfer between the steam and subcooled water phases...
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Ionization and fragmentation of furan molecules by electron collisions
PublikacjaCation mass spectra obtained by electron impact were measured to investigate the ionization and ionic fragmentation of furan, C4H4O, molecules in the gas phase. The most abundant cations, with comparable intensities in the mass spectra, were the parent, C4H4O+, cation (68 amu) and the C3H3+ fragment (39 amu). The appearance energies of most of the observed ionic fragments were determined and the possible fragmentation processes...
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Electrochemical simulation of enzymatic transformations studied for the selected antitumor acridine derivatives
PublikacjaThe elucidation of the metabolic pathways and the biotransformation mechanisms of potential drugs is a crucial point in drug development. It allows to know the activation routes of the new biologically active compounds, especially in respect to their possible toxicity. Generally, in vivo or in vitro experiments with liver microsomes or hepatocytes are performed. However, these testing schemes are tedious, time consuming and of...
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Key-Marker Volatile Compounds in Aromatic Rice (Oryza sativa) Grains: An HS-SPME Extraction Method Combined with GC×GC-TOFMS
PublikacjaThe aroma of rice essentially contributes to the quality of rice grains. For some varieties, their aroma properties really drive consumer preferences. In this paper, using a dynamic headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) system coupled to a two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) using a time-of-flight mass spectrometric detector (TOFMS) and multivariate analysis, the volatile compounds of aromatic and non-aromatic...
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Human serum interactions with phenolic and aroma substances of Kaffir(Citrus hystrix) and Key lime (Citrus aurantifolia) juices
PublikacjaTo understand the therapeutic application of polyphenols extracted from Kaffir (PolKaf) and Key (PolKey) limesdifferent analytical methods were applied. Based on quantitative analysis by two dimensional gas chromato-graphy (GC×GC) and time of flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) it can be observed that the biggest differencesin the contents of selected terpenes of Kaffir and Key limes occur in chemical compounds such as limonene, citraland...
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Effect of wet Hydrogen Sulfide on Carbon Steels Degradation in Refinery Based on Case Study
PublikacjaMaterial degradation caused by wet hydrogen sulfide (Wet H2S) is one of the major issues in refineries. Carbon steel is the main construction material used in refineries and is subjected not only to thickness loss but the hydrogen is the major concern. H2S leads to high atomic hydrogen penetration in steel which causes degradation in the form of blistering and/or cracking (HIC/SOHIC) and stress cracking in the area of welds and...