Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: destructive & non-destructive tests of the steel construction
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The influence of the welding environment on the properties of Tekken joints made from S355J2C+N steel
PublikacjaThere are three main methods of underwater welding: dry, wet and intermediate between them, by using the local dry chamber. Due to low costs, the most common method is the wet welding with the use of covered electrodes. Water as a welding environment carries out a lot of problems. The first is limited visibility and instability of the welding arc. The biggest problem during underwater welding is high susceptibility to cold cracking,...
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Underwater Local Cavity Welding of S460N Steel
PublikacjaIn this paper, a comparison of the mechanical properties of high-strength low-alloy S460Nsteel welded joints is presented. The welded joints were made by the gas metal arc welding (GMAW)process in the air environment and water, by the local cavity welding method. Welded joints were testedfollowing the EN ISO 15614-1:2017 standard. After welding, the non-destructive—visual, penetrant,radiographic, and ultrasonic (phased array) tests...
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FEM simulations applied to the failure analysis of RC structure under the influence of municipal sewage pressure
PublikacjaThe paper discusses a failure mechanism of reinforced concrete (RC) structure with steel cover that failed under the influence of municipal sewage pressure. To explain the reasons of failure, in-situ measurements, laboratory experiments and comprehensive Finite Element Method (FEM) computations were performed. Non-destructive in-situ scanning tests were carried out to determine quantity and cover thickness of embedded reinforcement...
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Application of Barkhausen effect in the impact assessment of welding to internal stress distribution in steel
PublikacjaThe paper presents identification method of internal stresses in plane steel elements in the chase of deliverance and welding assembly. The assessment was made by means of a non-destructive experimental method based on measurements incorporating local external magnetic field and the measurement of induced voltage, including Barkhausen noise. This method allows a degradation assessment due to internal and external actions, causing...
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Application of Barkhausen effect in the impact assessment of welding to internal stress distribution in steel
PublikacjaThe paper presents identification method of internal stresses in plane steel elements in the chase of deliverance and welding assembly. The assessment was made by means of a non-destructive experimental method based on measurements incorporating local external magnetic field and the measurement of induced voltage, including Barkhausen noise. This method allows a degradation assessment due to internal and external actions, causing...
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Reduction of Derivative pipeline effort in water turbine
PublikacjaThe paper presents an approach to evaluate and reduce the effort of the derivative pipeline in a water turbine of a hydrostatic power station in its vulnerable spots. Potential places of the biggest effort of the structure, as well as the coefficient of displacement and safety factor related to them were identified using FEM numerical method. Pipeline reinforcement was designed and made based on FEM analysis. Original technology...
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Badania eksperymentalne i numeryczne zachowania się zbiorników stalowych poddanych wstrząsom górniczym i sejsmicznym
PublikacjaW niniejszej dysertacji opisano wyniki kompleksowych badań zachowania się zbiorników stalowych poddanych wstrząsom górniczym i umiarkowanym trzęsieniom ziemi. Badania prowadzono dla dwóch zbiorników rzeczywistych zlokalizowanych na terenie Polski. W pierwszym etapie badań przeprowadzono badania eksperymentalne na specjalnym stanowisku laboratoryjnym dla modeli doświadczalnych zbiorników. Badania prowadzono dla różnego poziomu wypełnienia...
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An odor-sensing system - powerful technique for foodstuff studies
PublikacjaThis work examines gas sensor array technology combined with multivariate data processing methods and demonstrates a promising potential for rapid, non-destructive analysis of food. Main attention is focused on detailed description of sensor used in e-nose instruments, construction, and principle of operation of these systems. Moreover, this paper briefly reviews the progress in the field of artificial olfaction and future trends...
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DETECTION OF DEBONDING IN STEEL BARS EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE USING GUIDED WAVE PROPAGATION
PublikacjaThe paper presents a non-destructive diagnostic technique based on guided wave propagation phenomenon used to assess the adhesive bonding between a steel bar and a concrete cover. Double-layered cylindrical specimens with different levels of debonding and its location were investigated. The influence of bonding length on the excitation of multiple modes of longitudinal guided waves was analysed. Numerical simulations of guided...
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Opracowanie technologii spawania naprawczego szyn poddźwigowych A120 oraz badania nieniszczące jakości szyn w DCT w Porcie Północnym
PublikacjaEkspertyza dotyczy realizacji zlecenia związanego z naprawą spoin szyn poddźwigowych na terenie terminalu kontenerowego - Deep Water Terminal (DCT) w Porcie Północnym w Gdańsku. W ramach opracowania: 1. Wykonano badania ultradźwiękowe (UT) i magnetyczno-proszkowe (MT) spoin czołowych szyn poddźwigowych typu A120, według schematu dostarczonego przez firmę SKANSKA S.A. 2. Wykonano analizę wyników badań...
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Using the ultrasonic tomography method to study the condition of wooden beams from historical buildngs
PublikacjaThe need to evaluate the integrity of wooden structural elements is constantly increasing. Non-destructive methods are becoming more popular in this field of research. One type of non-destructive testing is the ultrasonic imaging method, which allows the analysis of internal wood structures without disturbing their state and integrity. In this study, we are interested in assessing the effect of wood condition on the ultrasound...
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Optyczna tomografia koherentna w badaniach technicznych obiektów rozpraszających
PublikacjaOptyczna tomografia koherentna (OCT) jest nieinwazyjną i bezkontaktową metodą badania wewnętrznej struktury materiałów i obiektów rozpraszających promieniowanie optyczne. Technika ta jest jedną z bardziej zaawansowanych metod pomiarowych należących do dziedziny NDT (ang. non-destructive testing) i NDE (ang. non-destructive evaluation). Umożliwia ona lokalizowanie oraz badanie defektów występujących wewnątrz badanego obiektu. W...
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The entrepreneurship of host cities of the Olympic Games – Between success and social destruction
PublikacjaMany publications focus on the deficit nature of the Olympic Games organisation, when considered from the point of view of host cities – organisers of such events. However, does such an event actually affect the region and the host country in a positive way? The presented article aims at the assessment of the organisation of mass sports events, such as the Olympic Games, taking into consideration entrepreneurial activities which...
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EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF CONCRETE BEHAVIOUR AT MESO-LEVEL DURING QUASI-STATIC SPLITTING TENSION
PublikacjaThe paper describes experimental and numerical results of quasi-static splitting tensile tests on concrete specimens at meso-scale level. The loading strip was made of plywood or steel. Fracture in concrete was detected at the aggregate level by means of three non-destructive methods: 3D x-ray micro-computed tomography, 2D scanning electron microscope and manual 2D digital microscope. The discrete element method was used to directly...
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Dynamics analysis of footbridge mode shapes the s8 expressway on the basis of the results of in situ tests
PublikacjaNon-destructive diagnostics for structure may use dynamic measurements realized during vibrations of a facility induced by dynamic environmental impact, enforced by the use of inductors or impulse impact. Dynamic tests and the analysis were undertaken for a footbridge situated over the expressway S8. The studies in situ allowed for dynamic characteristics to be determined: frequency, shape modes and damping for respective frequency...
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Application of the Mathar method to identify internal stress variation in steel as a welding process result
PublikacjaThe paper deals with the method to identify internal stresses in two-dimensional steel members. Steel members were investigated in the delivery stage and after assembly, by means of electric-arc welding. In order to perform the member assessment two methods to identify the stress variation were applied. The first is a non-destructive measurement method employing local external magnetic field and to detecting the induced voltage,...
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Spawalność ferrytyczno-austenitycznej stali odpornej na korozję typu dupleks 2205 w warunkach podwodnych
PublikacjaPraca dotyczy problemów spawalności stali odpornej na korozję typu dupleks w warunkach spawania mokrego elektrodami otulonymi i lokalną komorą suchą. Całość rozprawy składa się z dwóch części. Część pierwsza to przegląd literatury, w którym omówiono główne problemy wynikające z przeniesienia procesu spawania pod wodę oraz sposoby minimalizowania negatywnego wpływu środowiska. Część druga jest częścią doświadczalną, zawiera tezę...
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Napawanie elementów wymiennika ciepła austenitycznym drutem proszkowym
PublikacjaNa potrzeby przemysłu energetycznego produkuje się wymienniki ciepła przeznaczone do eksploatacji w warunkach agresywnych chemicznie, np. w środowisku siarkowodoru. Z przyczyn ekonomicznych często stosuje się w takim przypadku materiały bimetaliczne wytwarzane procesami napawania. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań nieniszczących, pomiarów twardości, analizy składu chemicznego, pomiarów ferrytu delta oraz badań makro- i mikroskopowych...
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The vibration-based assessment of the influence of elevated temperature on the condition of concrete beams with pultruded GFRP reinforcement
PublikacjaConcrete beams reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars subjected to elevated temperature have been experimentally studied. The influence of high temperatures on GFRP-reinforced concrete beams condition has been check both, destructively and nondestructively. The nondestructive tests foresaw vibration-based tests to obtain the natural frequency values after exposure to varying temperatures. The vibration-based...
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Analysis of Failure Mechanism in Joints with Positive Eccentricity in CFS Truss
PublikacjaThe paper presents studies concerning the load-bearing capacity of truss joints with a positive eccentricity resulting from the arrangement of geometric members and the failure mechanisms observed in the joints. Based on the previously conducted experimental study, a numerical model of the tested fragment of the CFS truss with eccentricity in the joint was created and validated. All structural details of the tested truss and the...
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Crack monitoring in concrete beams under bending using ultrasonic waves and coda wave interferometry: the effect of excitation frequency on coda
PublikacjaConcrete is one of the most widely used construction materials in the world. In recent years, various non-destructive testing (NDT) and structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques have been investigated to improve the safety and control of the current condition of concrete structures. This study focuses on micro-crack monitoring in concrete beams. The experimental analysis was carried out on concrete elements subjected to three-point...
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Debonding Detection in Reinforced Concrete Beams with the Use of Guided Wave Propagation
PublikacjaOne of the most frequent damage of the reinforced concrete structures is debonding between steel bar and concrete cover. In the case of debonding occurrence not only the strength of the structure decreases, but also it is more vulnerable to corrosion damages. For this reason fast and effective methods of debonding detection in an early stage of its development need a significant boost. The paper presents analytical and experimental...
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Underwater in situ local heat treatment by additional stitches for improving the weldability of steel
PublikacjaIn this paper the influence of in situ local heat treatment performed by additional stitches on the weldability of high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) S355J2C+N steel was tested. The investigated steel is characterized by high susceptibility to cold cracking. It is necessary to find a method to improve the quality of welded joints. The local heat treatment was applied as an eect of bead-on plate welding made on the face of a Tekken...
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Application of the X-ray micro computed tomography to the analysis of the structure of polymeric materials
PublikacjaIn this paper the application of X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) as a non-destructive testing method of polymeric materials is presented. Increasing applicability of polymers in variedend-use industries such as automotive, building and construction, consumer goods, and packaging is propelling the growth of the global polymer processing market. However, controlling of the polymer structure is one of the most important...
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Analysis and assessment of the acoustic emission suitability for determination of the energy states of a tribological system in the form of a four-ball tester friction node
PublikacjaThe present operating safety and cost reduction requirements of the compression ignition engines make it necessary to search for new methods of detecting their defects, e.g. by the analysis of acoustic emission signals coming from the slide bearings. The paper presents non-destructive measurements of acoustic emission (AE) in order to obtain information on the processes taking place in a tribological system under the continuously...
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On the application of magnetoelastic properties measureme nts for plastic level determination in martensitic steels
PublikacjaThe change in the dislocation density, induced by plastic deformation, influences strongly the magnetic domain structure inside the material. Being so, classic parameters, like the coercivity or magnetic permeability, can be a good measure of the deformation level, yet their reliable determination in a non-destructive way in industrial environment is problematic. The magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) which results from the non-180...
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Detection of debonding in adhesive joints using Lamb wave propagation
PublikacjaAdhesively bonded joints are widely used in many branches of industry. Mechanical degradation of this type of connections does not have significant symptoms that can be noticed during visual assessment, so non-destructive testing becomes a very important issue. The paper deals with experimental investigations of adhesively bonded steel plates with different defects. Five samples (an intact one and four with damages in the form...
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Ultrasonic Tomography of Brick Columns Based on FEM Calculations
PublikacjaUltrasonic tomography is one of the most developed method of non-destructive testing. Despite being used mainly in medicine, it is becoming more and more popular as a method for monitoring of structural elements. It allows to examine the internal structure and technical condition of the tested element. This paper investigates the influence of crosssectional geometry on an obtained tomographic image. Wave propagation signals were...
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Condition of Reinforced Concrete Structures and Their Degradation Mechanism at the Former Auschwitz Concentration and Extermination Camp
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of investigations on reinforced concrete structures present in the former Auschwitz I and Auschwitz II-Birkenau concentration and extermination camp. Field inspection employing the non-destructive method of reinforcement potential measurement according to the ASTM-C 876–15 standard, followed by laboratory investigations performed on genuine historic reinforced concrete samples collected from the...
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Internal imaging of concrete fracture based on elastic waves and ultrasound computed tomography
PublikacjaThe condition assessment of concrete structures belongs to the greatest challenges of non-destructive testing. Monitoring the fracture process of concrete and detecting cracks at the earliest possible stage is a vital aspect to ensure the safety of civil engineering objects. The use of ultrasound tomography enables imaging the internal structure of a tested element. This study aims at the visualization of fracture damage in concrete...
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Non-Coaxially Rotating Motion in Casson Martial along with Temperature and Concentration Gradients via First-Order Chemical Reaction
PublikacjaThe effect of non-coaxial rotation on the transport of mass subjected to first-order chemical reaction is studied analytically. The effects of thermal radiation, buoyancy, constructive and destructive chemical reactions along with Casson fluid in rotating frame are discussed. Time evolution of primary and secondary velocities, energy and solute particles are analyzed. The behavior of flow under the variation of intensity of magnetic...
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Experimental investigation of joint with positive eccentricity in CFS truss
PublikacjaDue to technological restrictions, in the case of trusses made of CFS open cross-sections, positive eccentricities in the truss joints have become very frequent. Therefore studies concerning the load-bearing capacity of truss joints with positive eccentricity were undertaken. It was assumed that the resistance of cold-formed steel (CFS) open cross-section truss joints located on compression chords and with positive eccentricity...
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Modified Manganese Phosphate Conversion Coating on Low-Carbon Steel
PublikacjaConversion coatings are one of the primary types of galvanic coatings used to protect steel structures against corrosion. They are created through chemical reactions between the metal surface and the environment of the phosphating. This paper investigates the impact that the addition of new metal cations to the phosphating reaction environment has on the quality of the final coating. So far, standard phosphate coatings have contained...
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Characterization of Corrosion-Induced Fracture in Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Electrical Potential, Ultrasound and Low-Frequency Vibration
PublikacjaThe paper deals with the non-destructive experimental testing of the reinforced concrete beams under progressive corrosion. A series of experiments using electrical potential, ultrasound and low-frequency vibrations techniques are reported. Electrical potential and natural frequencies were used to characterise and monitor the corrosion process at its initial state. The P-wave velocity measurements were proved to be effective in...
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Assessment of fitness for service of Cr-Mo steel tubes in catalytic reforming charge heaters
PublikacjaIn this paper characteristic features of metal dusting corrosion in high temperature gas mixtures of high carbon activity in catalytic reforming units, including Continuous Catalyst Regeneration (CCR) platformer are presented. Examples of 2.25Cr-1Mo and 9Cr-1Mo steel tubes at advanced stages of metal dusting process after long-term service in charge heaters are used to prove that destructive examinations are necessary to provide...
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Experimental and numerical analysis of wave propagation in ground anchors
PublikacjaThe article focuses on wave propagation phenomenon in ground anchors. The main aim of the investigation is the non-destructive diagnostics and the assessment of the state of ground anchors, using the guided wave propagation method. Laboratory models of anchors with different lengths of the anchor body were tested and voltage signals of propagating waves were registered at several locations. For all tested specimens corresponding...
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Mechanical and fracture properties of concrete reinforced with recycled and industrial steel fibers using Digital Image Correlation technique and X-ray micro computed tomography
PublikacjaPaper presents investigation of fracture phenomenon in plain concrete and in concrete reinforced with both recycled steel fibers (RSF) and industrial steel fibers (ISF). The wedge splitting test (WST), which enables stable crack propagation for quasi-brittle materials, was carried out on 75 75 75 mm cube samples. Initially, fracture process zone development was investigated only on the surface of samples using Digital Image Correlation...
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Noise spectral density computation based on finite element model of piezoceramic sensor
PublikacjaThe high sensitivity with wide bandwidth is required for sensor applications in non-destructive testing (NDT). The sensitivity of piezoceramic sensors demands to minimize their noise especially thermal noise, polarisation noise and low frequency 1/f noise,which are the main sources of voltage or current fluctuation in this sort of sensors. For simplicity, only the piezoceramic part of sensor was under study. the theoretical and...
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Experimental and numerical investigations for GPR evaluation of reinforced concrete footbridge
PublikacjaThe GPR method has increasingly found application in non-destructive testing of reinforced concrete structures. This paper presents the new approach of modelling of the electromagnetic wave propagation for reinforced concrete structures with a complex system of the reinforcement. Simulations of the GPR field were performed on a three-dimensional model of a footbridge using the FDTD method. Numerical maps were compared with results...
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Badania stanu technicznego ścianek szczelnych strony południowej i północnej komory południowej śluzy Dzierżno
PublikacjaPrace dotyczyły badań nieniszczących łączników (zamków) Paine`a oraz ścianek szczelnych. Ściany boczne komory południowej śluzy Dzierżno zbudowane są ze stalowych pasów blachy o grubości około 16mm i długości 22m połączonych ze sobą wzdłuż dłuższej krawędzi za pomocą zamków Peine`a. System ten umożliwia uzyskanie szczelnego połączenia na całej długości ścianki. Zaawansowany proces korozji spowodował rozszczelnienie połączenia...
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Wave propagation in damage assessment of ground anchors
PublikacjaThe inspection possibilities of ground anchors are limited to destructive test such as pull-out test. Guided wave propagation gives an opportunity to develop an inspection system dedicated to determine the condition of inspected element without violation of their integrity. In this paper the experimental study on wave propagation in laboratory models of ground anchors are presented. Experiments were conducted for different bonding...
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RMS-based damage identification in adhesive joint between concrete beam and steel plate using ultrasonic guided waves
PublikacjaAdhesive joints have numerous applications in many branches of industry, such as civil engineering, automotive, aerospace and shipbuilding. As with most structural elements, adhesive joints can experience any damage mechanism, which induces the need for diagnostic testing. Ultrasonic waves are widely used for non-destructive inspection of many structures and their elements, including adhesive joints. Guided wave propagation method...
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Classification of high-voltage varistors into groups of differentiated quality
PublikacjaThe research was aimed on defining a factor of quality for high-voltage varistors using Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) techniques, which could be applied during the production testing. The newly proposed parameter Q determined on the basis of the lowest resonant frequency fr measured within the preselected frequency range was taken into account. The parameter Q was defined for ZnO structures after firing, without metallized contacts....
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Modal properties identification of a novel sandwich footbridge – Comparison of measured dynamic response and FEA
PublikacjaA modern sandwich composite footbridge made of high-tech materials, being an example of practical application of laminated composites in civil engineering, is presented. The in situ non-destructive testing of the footbridge, aiming to identify modal properties and pedestrian comfort, is described. The measured eigenmodes and eigenfrequencies are compared with numerically estimated values. Finite element analyses of the footbridge...
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The effect of external load on ultrasonic wave attenuation in steel bars under bending stresses
PublikacjaThe stress state in deformed solids has a significant impact on the attenuation of an ultrasonic wave propagating through the medium. Measuring a signal with certain attenuation characteristics can therefore provide useful diagnostic information about the stress state in the structure. In this work, basic principles behind a novel attenuation-based diagnostic framework are introduced. An experimental study on steel bars under three-point...
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Corrugated Sheeting as a Member of a Shear Panel Under Repeated Load—Experimental Test
PublikacjaIn stressed-skin design, the cladding stiffening effect on structures is taken into account. However, the “traditional” design is more usual, wherein this effect is neglected. Even if the diaphragm actions are not regarded, in particular cases such as big sheds (and others), the parasitic (unwanted) stressed-skin action may occur with the result of leakage or even failure. The structures of this kind have already been built. Thus,...
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Investigations on fracture in reinforced concrete beams in 3-point bending using continuous micro-CT scanning
PublikacjaThis study explores a fracture process in rectangular reinforced concrete (RC) beams subjected to quasi-static three-point bending. RC beams were short and long with included longitudinal reinforcement in the form of a steel or basalt bar. The ratio of the shear span to the effective depth was 1.5 and 0.75. The focus was on the load–deflection diagram and crack formation. Three-dimensional (3D) analyses of the size and distribution...
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Wave Frequency Effects on Damage Imaging in Adhesive Joints Using Lamb Waves and RMS
PublikacjaStructural adhesive joints have numerous applications in many fields of industry. The gradual deterioration of adhesive material over time causes a possibility of unexpected failure and the need for non-destructive testing of existing joints. The Lamb wave propagation method is one of the most promising techniques for the damage identification of such connections. The aim of this study was experimental and numerical research on...
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Cross-sectional imaging of materials structure using PS-OCT
PublikacjaOptical low-coherence tomography is a measurement technique for non-contact and non-destructive investigation of materials inner structure. Nowadays, this method is highly applied in medical treatment especially in dermatology and ophthalmology. During our research we have developed an optical low-coherence tomography system with polarization state analysis for structure examination of a broad range of technical materials. In this...
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Assessment of Wooden Beams from Historical Buildings Using Ultrasonic Transmission Tomography
PublikacjaThe main goal of this study was non-destructive evaluation of wooden elements using ultrasonic waves. The inspection was carried out on wooden beams from a historical object. Elastic wave signals were processed by ultrasonic transmission tomography to obtain imaging of the internal structure of tested elements without disturbing their state and integrity. The focus was on the influence of wood anisotropy on the propagation of ultrasonic...