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Search results for: ALTERNATIVE CARBON SOURCE FUSEL OIL ACTIVATED SLUDGE ANOXIC N AND P REMOVAL
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Reactions of tBu2P-PLi-P(tBu)2 with [(Et3P)2MCl2] (M = Ni, Pd, Pt). Synthesis and properties of [(1,2-h-tBu2P=P-P(tBu)2)M(PEt3)Cl] (M=Ni, Pd)
PublicationtBu2P-PLi-P(tBu)2*2THF reaguje z [(Et3P)2MCl2] (M = Ni, Pd) dając odpowiednio [(1,2-h-tBu2P=P-P(tBu)2)Ni(PEt3)Cl] i [(1,2-h-tBu2P=P-P(tBu)2)Pd(PEt3)Cl]. Związek tBu2P-PLi-P(tBu)2 utlenia się i ligand tBu2P-P-P(tBu)2 przyjmuje w produktach strukturę bocznie związanego kationu z krótkim wiązaniem P-P. Reakcja ze związkami platyny nie dała oczekiwanych produktów.
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The Influence of Low-Temperature Disintegration on the Co-Fermentation Process of Distillation Residue and Waste-Activated Sludge
Publication: Innovative low-temperature disintegration (process temperature 55 ◦C and oxygen concentration 0.2 mg/dm3 ) can be an economically rational technology to intensifying energy production from renewable sources. The proposed process can achieve a degree of disintegration—under optimal conditions—of about 50%, which is excellent when compared with other methods of feed pre-treatment. The low-temperature disintegration of distillation...
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Stabilizing lactate production through repeated batch fermentation of food waste and waste activated sludge
PublicationBio-valorization of organic waste streams, such as food waste and waste activated sludge, to lactic acid (LA) has recently drawn much attention. It offers an opportunity for resource recovery, alleviates environmental issues and potentially turns a profit. In this study, both stable and high LA yield (0.72 ± 0.15 g/g total chemical oxygen demand) and productivity rate (0.53 g/L•h) were obtained through repeated batch fermentation....
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Importance of the combined effects of dissolved oxygen and pH on optimization of nitrogen removal in anammox-enriched granular sludge
PublicationThe combined effects of dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH on nitrogen removal were investigated in a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with anammox-enriched granular sludge obtained from a nitritation/anammox system. The highest specific nitrogen removal rate (SNRR) (1.1 gN gVSS−1 d−1) was observed under non-aerated conditions, resulting in the nitrogen removal efficiency of 81.6%. Although nitrogen removal was readily...
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Modelization of Nutrient Removal Processes at a Large WWTP Using a Modified ASM2d Model
PublicationThe biodegradation of particulate substrates starts by a hydrolytic stage. Hydrolysis is a slow reaction and usually becomes the rate limiting step of the organic substrates biodegradation. The objective of this work was to evaluate a novel hydrolysis concept based on a modification of the activated sludge model (ASM2d) and to compare it with the original ASM2d model. The hydrolysis concept was developed in order to accurately...
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Dissolved oxygen control for activated sludge processes
PublicationRegulatory do nadążania za trajektorią referencyjną stężenia tlenu w komorze reaktora biologicznego są proponowane i badane. W artykule badany jest nieliniowy regulator predykcyjny oraz regulator adaptacyjny z modelem referencyjnym. Uwzględniono zarówno usuwanie ze ścieków pożywki oraz fosforu za pomocą technologii osadu czynnego. Podejście do projektowania regulatora wykorzystuje strukturę dynamiki rozpuszczonego tlenu i jej dwie...
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Disturbances of biological N-removal processes in the presence of sulphonamides
PublicationBadano podatność na biodegradację oraz wpływ na efektywność nitryfikacji wybranych sulfonamidów (sulfanilamidu SA, sulfacetamidu SCM oraz p-toluenosulfonamidu p-TSA). Podatnośc na biodegradację badano przy użyciu testu OECD 301D (test zamkniętej butelki). Efektywność nitryfikacji miarzono zgodnie z ISO 9509:1989. Stwierdzono, że wszystkie badane związki wykazują bardzo słabą podatność na biodegradację oraz mają wyraźny wpływ na...
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Optimization and Modeling of Cr (VI) Removal from Tannery Wastewater onto Activated Carbon Prepared from Coffee Husk and Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) as Activating Agent by Using Central Composite Design (CCD)
PublicationThe primary goal of this research is to lower the hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) concentration that has occurred from the growth of the tannery industry. As a result, the potential for heavy metal concentration is increasing day by day. Industrial effluent containing Cr (VI) contributes significantly to water pollution. Chromium hexavalent ion (Cr (VI)) in wastewater is extremely hazardous to the environment. It is critical to address...
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Removal of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds in Sequencing Batch Reactor
PublicationIn recent years, considerable attention was paid to the presence of organic micro-pollutants such as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) in the aquatic environment due to their negative impact on public health and aquatic ecosystems. Numerous papers have pointed out API presence as common constituents of effluents from Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs). This is the result of various efficiencies of API removal by conventional...
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Electrocatalytic performance of oxygen-activated carbon fibre felt anodes mediating degradation mechanism of acetaminophen in aqueous environments
PublicationCarbon felts are flexible and scalable, have high specific areas, and are highly conductive materials that fit the requirements for both anodes and cathodes in advanced electrocatalytic processes. Advanced oxidative modi- fication processes (thermal, chemical, and plasma-chemical) were applied to carbon felt anodes to enhance their efficiency towards electro-oxidation. The modification of the porous anodes results in increased...
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A new technology of crude vegetable oil degumming with rhamnolipid solutions
PublicationA new technology of crude vegetable oil degumming is described. It is based on rhamnolipid biocomplex solution application for phosphatides removal. The rhamnolipid biocomplex produced by Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 was used as biosurfactant. Rapeseed oil was used in all experiments. First, it was degummed with H2SO4 in order to remove all phosphatides and then 1% (w/w) of granular soybean lecithin was added. Model oil was treated with...
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The role of centrifugal partition chromatography in the removal of β-asarone from Acorus calamus essential oil
PublicationΒ-asarone is a phenylpropane derivative present in the rhizomes of Acorus calamus, that was proved to exhibit toxic effects in humans. Because of its presence the whole plant that is commonly used in traditional medicine for its sedative, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and other properties has limited application nowadays. In the study, qualitative and quantitative analysis of a collection of nine essential oil (EO) samples...
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Reactions of R2P-P(SiMe3)2 with [(R'3P)2PtCl2]. Syntheses and Structures of [μ2-(1,2:2-η-P2){Pt(PEt3)2}2{Pt(PEt3)2Cl}]+Cl-, [{(Et2PhP)2Pt}2P2], [{(p-Tol3P)2Pt}2P2] and [(p-Tol3P)ClPt(μ-PPh2)2Pt(p-Tol3P)Cl]
PublicationReakcje difosfanów R2P-P(SiMe3)2 z [(R'3P)2PtCl2] są bardzo złożone. Główną ścieżką reakcji jest rozszczepienie wiązania P-P w startowym R2P-P(SiMe3)2, po czym następuje utworzenie kompleksu zawierającego P2: [{(R'3P)2Pt}2P2] oraz difosfanu R2P-PR2. Produkty reakcji (zarówno główne jak i uboczne), zostały scharakteryzowane na podstawie spektroskopii 31P NMR. Dla czterech tytułowych związków wykonano rentgenowską analizę strukturalną...
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The effect of agro-waste co-digestion and sludge disposal on carbon footprint in municipal wastewater treatment plants
PublicationThe study presents analysis of the carbon footprint (CF) in 6 wastewater treatment plants in northern Poland with a special focus on the effect of co digestion of sewage sludge and food waste. Although co-digestion increases the on-site energy production, but it has a negative effect on the total CF. To overcome the negative effect, several sludge disposal scenarios were analysed and their effect on the CF reduction was determined....
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Thermally activated persulfate-based Advanced Oxidation Processes — recent progress and challenges in mineralization of persistent organic chemicals: a review
PublicationThermally activated persulfate (TAP) finds application in Advanced Oxidation Processes for the removal of pollutants from contaminated water and soil. This paper reviewed the various cases of TAP in the environmental remediation. The pollutants such as individual pharmaceuticals, biocides, cyclic organic compounds, and dyes are considered in this review. It is interesting to note that most of the organic compounds undergo complete...
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Role of Fungi in Biodegradation of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids by Activated Sewage Sludge
PublicationIonic liquids (ILs), due to their specific properties, can play the role of persistent water contaminants. Fungi manifest the ability to decompose hardy degradable compounds, showing potential in the biodegradation of ILs, which has been studied extensively on sewage sludge; however, attention was drawn mainly to bacterial and not fungal species. The aim of the research was to determine the significance of fungi in ILs’ biodegradation...
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Aryl-perfluoroaryl stacking interactions: hydrogen bonding and steric effects in controlling the structure of supramolecular assemblies of N,N'-diaryloxalamides
PublicationOtrzymano kilka struktur supramolekularnych N,N'-diarylooksamidów z silnymi donorami protonów tj. pentafluorofenolem (pfp) i kwasem pentafluorobenzoesowym (pfba), w celu zilustrowania roli współdziałania wiązań wodorowych i oddziaływań pi-elektronowych w tworzeniu uporządkowanych faz stałych. Wprowadzenie do struktury oksamidów objętościowych podstawników arylowych utrudniało tworzenie występujących pomiędzy cząsteczkami oksamidów...
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Diatoms Biomass as a Joint Source of Biosilica and Carbon for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes
PublicationThe biomass of one type cultivated diatoms (Pseudostaurosira trainorii), being a source of 3D-stuctured biosilica and organic matter—the source of carbon, was thermally processed to become an electroactive material in a potential range adequate to become an anode in lithium ion batteries. Carbonized material was characterized by means of selected solid-state physics techniques (XRD, Raman, TGA). It was shown that the pyrolysis...
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Dissolved and colloidal organic nitrogen removal from WWTP effluents and reject waters using physical-chemical processes
PublicationFour physical-chemical processes were compared in terms of the efficiencies of dissolved and colloidal organic nitrogen (DON and CON) removal from the secondary effluents (SE) and reject water from full-scale biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems. Adsorption on activated carbon was most efficient and allowed to remove from the SE up to 80% and 100% of DON and CON, respectively. High efficiencies of DON removal from...
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Interactions between amphotericin B 3-(N',N'-dimethylamino)propyl amide and cellular membrane components in Langmuir monolayers
PublicationPublikacja zawiera charakterystykę monowarstw Langmuir'a tworzonych przez pochodną amfoterycyny B tj.amid 3-(N',N'-dimetyloamino)propylowy (AMA) oraz wyniki badań nad jej oddziaływaniem z cholesterolem, ergosterolem i fosfolipidami. Znaleziono, iż stan jonowy cząsteczki pochodnej AMA, a także jej wielkość mają znaczący wpływ na właściwości biologiczne związku.
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Nitrogen removal via the nitrite pathway during wastewater co-treatment with ammonia-rich landfill leachates in a sequencing batch reactor
PublicationThe biological treatment of ammonia-rich landfill leachates due to an inadequate C to N ratio requires expensive supplementation of carbon from an external carbon source. In an effort to reduce treatment costs, the objective of the study was to determine the feasibility of nitrogen removal via the nitrite pathway during landfill leachate co-treatment with municipal wastewater. Initially, the laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor...
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Solvation of cobalt(II) ion in N,N-dimethylformamide-methanol mixed solvent: calorimetry and VIS spectroscopy studies
PublicationZmierzono entalpie rozpuszczania trifluorometanosulfonianów Co(II) i Na(I) w mieszaninie N,N-dimetyloformamid(DMF)-metanol(MeOH) w całym zakresie jej składu. Z danych tych wyznaczono entalpie przeniesienia jonu Co(II) i jonu trifluorometanosulfonowego. Wyniki zanalizowano za pomocą teorii solwatacji preferencyjnej. Zmierzono również widma w zakresie widzialnym roztworów jonu Co(II) w mieszaninie DMF-MeOH i zanalizowano je, stosując...
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Collisions of electrons with trimethylphosphine [P(CH3)3] molecules
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki pomiarów całkowitych przekrojów czynnych na rozpraszanie elektronów na molekułach P(CH3)3. Pomiary przeprowadzono w przedziale energii od 0,4 do 400eV. Obliczono przekroje czynne na rozpraszanie sprężyste i na jonizację. Wyniki porównano z przekrojami czynnymi dla innych związków zawierających fosfor jako atom centralny oraz grupę metylową.
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Application of Extreme Doses of Aluminium for Growth Control of Filmentous Bacteria Microthrix Parvicella in an Activated Sludge System - Laboratory Investigations
PublicationLaboratory investigations of aluminium (PAX-16) application for control of population of filamentous bacteria Microthrix Parvicella in a three-phase bioreactor in lab-scale were performed. Dosing of small aluminium doses (approximately 0.5 mgAl/gMLSS·d) in the period preceding seasonal growth of M.Parvicella failed to prevent mass growth of this microorganism leading to activated sludge bulking phenomenon (SVI-250 ml/gMLSS)...
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Limiting partial molar volumes and expansibilities of ammonium perchlorate, tetraalkylammonium perchlorates, and tetrabutylammonium tetraphenylborate in N,N-dimethylformamide
PublicationWyniki pomiarów gęstości i szybkości rozchodzenia się dźwięku w roztworach nadchloranu amonu, nadchloranów alkiloamoniowych i tetrafenyloboranu tetrabutylomoniowego w N,N-dimetyloformamidzie wyznaczono wartości graniczne cząstkowych molowych objętości i rozszerzalności. Dokonano rozdziału tych wartości na udziały jonowe. Przeanalizowano wpływ temperatury oraz długości łańcucha na te wielkości.
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Effect of neoteric solvents on the activated sewage sludge activity
PublicationCiecze jonowe (ILs) cieszą sie rosnącym zainteresowaniem z uwagi na fakt, iż znajdują coraz więcej zastosowań jako alternatywa dla rozpuszczalników organicznych. W związku z zaistnieniem możliwości zastosowania ILs w nowych czystych technologiach nastała potrzeba zbadania ich toksyczności w stosunku do organizmów żywych i środowiska. Celem badań było oszacowanie wpływu cieczy jonowych na wyselekcjonowane mikroorganizmy osadu czynnego....
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The improvement and evaluation methods of settling properties of activated sludge
PublicationW biologicznych oczyszczalniach ścieków często pojawiają się problemy z sedymentacją osadu czynnego. Złe właściwości sedymentacyjne osadu często powodowane są nadmiernym rozwojem bakterii nitkowatych. W pracy przedstawiono koncepcję poprawy właściwości sedymentacyjnych osadu czynnego, opartą na kontroli parametrów pracy reaktorów SBR - temperatury, stężenia tlenu oraz czasu opadania osadu w komorze.
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Modeling organic nitrogen conversions in activated sludge bioreactors
PublicationOpracowano model przemian azotu organicznego (Norg)jako rozszerzenie Modelu Osadu Czynnego Nr 2d (ASM2d). Nowy model zawiera trzy frakcje Norg: rozpuszczoą, koloidalną i zawesinową. Każda frakcja została podzielona na dwie podfrakcje - rozkładalną i nierozkładalną. Model został zweryfikowany w oparciu o wyniki badań eksperymentalnych w oczyszczalni ścieków Gdańsk-Wschód.
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Mathematical Modelling and Computer Simulation of Activated Sludge Systems
PublicationPrzegląd systemów osadu czynnego. Rozwój modeli procesu osadu czynnego. Podstawowe definicje z zakresu modelowania matematycznego i symulacji komputerowej. Proces budowy modelu (model biokinetyczny, hydrodynamiczny, transferu tlenu, temperatury). Modelowanie procesów biochemicznych zachodzących w systemach osadu czynnego. Organizacja badań symulacyjnych. Praktyczne zastosowania modeli osadu czynnego.
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Temperature modeling in activated sludge systems: a case study
PublicationPrzedstawiono model dynamiki temperatury jako część ogólnego modelu komory osadu czynnego. Transport ciepła opisano za pomocą jednowymiarowego równania adwekcyjno-dyspersyjnego z członem źródłowym opisującym teoretyczny bilans ciepła dla komory. Model został zweryfikowany w oczyszczalni ścieków Rock Creek w stanie Oregon (USA) w oparciu o dane eksploatacyjne oraz pomiary meteorologiczne z pobliskiej stacji meteorologicznej. Wyniki...
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Bacterial consortium an axenic cultures isolated from activated sewage sludge for biodegradation of imidazolium-based ionic liquid
PublicationExtensive research and increasing number of potential industrial applications made ionic liquids (ILs) important materials in design of new, cleaner technologies. Together with the technological applicability, the environmental fate of these chemicals is considered and significant efforts are being made in designing strategies to mitigate their potential negative impacts. Many ILs are proven to be poorly biodegradable and relatively...
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Conventional and solid-contact lithium-selective electrodes based on tris(N,N-dicyclohexylamide) neutral ionophore
PublicationKonstruowano jonoselektywne elektrody litowe (Li-ISEs) z membraną polimerową i obojętnym jonoforem tris(N,N-dicycloheksyloamidem) jako: elektrodę konwencjonalną (z wodnym roztworem elektrolitu wewnętrznego) oraz ze stałym kontaktem (polianilina jako przekaźnik jonowo-elektronowy). Charakterystyki obu elektrod (nachylenie i zakres liniowy) są porównywalne. Badana elektroda ze stałym kontaktem wykazuje dobrą stabilność w czasie....
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Improved adsorption performance of activated carbon covalently functionalised with sulphur-containing ligands in the removal of cadmium from aqueous solutions
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Presence and distribution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in multiphase activated sludge system
PublicationIn total 237 isolates of coliforms (113 strains) and enterococci (124 stains) from influent, mixed liquor in bioreactor and effluent of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), were isolated on selective media and examined for antibiotic resistance. From 50 to 80% of the coliform strains isolated from the raw and treated sewage were resistant against ceftazidime CAZ, cefuroxim CXM, cefalotin KF and against amoxicillin AML, and only below...
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N-doped carbon materials as electrodes for highly stable supercapacitors
PublicationThis article reports a strategy to use nitrogen-doped carbon materials as electrodes for supercapacitors. Depending on the carbon precursor, the porous structure is changed with specific surface area reached up to 2270 m2 g−1. The capacitance of carbon materials used as electrodes is related strictly to pore size. The microstructure and nitrogen functionalities enable a high capacitance (327 F g−1) and cycle durability. The nanoporous...
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Aryl and N-arylamide carbon nanotubes for electrical coupling of laccase to electrodes in biofuel cells and biobatteries
PublicationSingle walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were equipped with aryl residues by chemical reactions. These insoluble materials were used to substitute classical soluble mediators, which help to transfer electrical charge between the conducting electrode and the redox active center of enzyme molecules. The effect of different aryl residues on the efficiency of the catalytic reduction of dioxygen in the presence of laccase was systematically...
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Degradation of 1,4-dioxane by sono-activated persulfates for water and wastewater treatment applications
PublicationThis paper presents a hybrid advanced oxidation process (AOP) based on sonocavitational activation of persulfate (PS) for degradation of 1,4-dioxane during wastewater treatment. Application of sono-cavitation effectively convert PS to radical species demonstrating synergistic effect by increasing the reaction rate and reducing the required energy for activation. It is economically feasible and deployed alternative to the direct...
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Chestnut-Derived Activated Carbon as a Prospective Material for Energy Storage
PublicationIn this work, we present the preparation and characterization of biomass-derived activatedcarbon (AC) in view of its application as electrode material for electrochemical capacitors. Porouscarbons are prepared by pyrolysis of chestnut seeds and subsequent activation of the obtainedbiochar. We investigate here two activation methods, namely, physical by CO2and chemical usingKOH. Morphology, structure and specific surface area (SSA)...
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Partial inhibition of borohydride hydrolysis using porous activated carbon as an effective method to improve the electrocatalytic activity of the DBFC anode
PublicationCarbon materials are commonly used catalyst supports in various types of fuel cells. Due to the possibility of designing their properties, they seem to be attractive and functional additives. In Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells (DBFCs), the electrooxidation reaction of borohydride competes with the undesirable hydrolysis reaction, therefore our work aimed to modify anodes based on a multi-component hydrogen storage alloy with a small...
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Measurements of high-temperature emission spectra of highly irradiated LiF:Mg,Cu,P (MCP-N) TL detectors
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cis-Dichloro(di-tert-butylphosphine-kappa-P)(triphenylphosphine-kappa-P)platinum(II) tetrahydrofuran hemisolvate
PublicationTytułowy związek, [cis-(t-Bu2PH)(Ph3P)PtCl2] został otrzymany w reakcji (Ph3P)2PtCl2 z 1,1,3,3-tetra-tert-butylo-2-trimetylosililotrifosfanem. Widmo 31P{1H} NMR wskazuje na tworzenie się tytułowego związku razem ze znacznymi ilościami Ph3P oraz 1,1,3,3-tetra-tert-butylotrifosfanu.
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The effect of aeration mode (intermittent vs. continuous) on nutrient removal and greenhouse gas emissions in the wastewater treatment plant of Corleone (Italy)
PublicationThe paper reports the results of an experimental study aimed at comparing two configurations of a full-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP): conventional activated sludge (CAS) and oxic-settling-anaerobic process (OSA) with intermittent aeration (IA). A comprehensive monitoring campaign was carried out to assess multiple parameters for comparing the two configurations: carbon and nutrient removal, greenhouse gas emissions, respirometric...
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Superhydrophobic sponges based on green deep eutectic solvents for spill oil removal from water
PublicationThe paper described a new method for crude oil-water separation by means of superhydrophobic melamine sponges impregnated by deep eutectic solvents (MS-DES). Due to the numerous potential of two-component DES formation, simple and quick screening of 156 non-ionic deep eutectic solvents using COSMO-RS (Conductor-like Screening Model for Real Solvents) computational model was used. DES which were characterized by high solubility...
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Solvation of cobalt(II) and trifluoromethanesulfonate ions in N,N-dimethylformamide-methanol mixed solvent studied by means of FT-IR spectroscopy
PublicationWidma FT-IR roztworów Co(CF3SO3)2-N,N-dimetyloformamid-metanol były analizowane w zakresie pasm CO i OH za pomocą metody widm różnicowych. Wyznaczono liczbę cząsteczek DMF i MeOH w pierwszej sferze solwatacji jonu Co(II) w zależności od składu rozpuszczalnika. Stwierdzono także obecność drugiej sfery solwatacji jonu Co(II) i scharakteryzowano ją ilościowo. Zbadano również solwatację jonu tifluorometanosulfonowego oraz asocjację...
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Enantiomeric Resolution of N,N'-Dimethyldithiodianthranilide through Diastereomeric silver(I) complex. Chiroptical spectra, racemization barrier and molecular self-assembly
PublicationN,N'-dimetyloditiodiantranilid, związek o chiralności płaszczyznowej, rozdzielono na enancjomery. Optycznie czynne molekuły uzyskano w wyniku tworzenia chiralnego kompleksu N,N'-dimetyloditiodiantranilidu z solą srebrową kwasu (1S)-kamforosulfonowego. W oparciu o badania rentgenostrukturalne monokryształu uzyskanego kompleksu określono absolutną konfigurację przykoordynowanego ligandu jako (R). Enancjomery N,N'-dimetyloditiodiantranilid...
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Singlet oxygen in the removal of organic pollutants: An updated review on the degradation pathways based on mass spectrometry and DFT calculations
PublicationThe degradation of pollutants by a non-radical pathway involving singlet oxygen (1O2) is highly relevant in advanced oxidation processes. Photosensitizers, modified photocatalysts, and activated persulfates can generate highly selective 1O2 in the medium. The selective reaction of 1O2 with organic pollutants results in the evolution of different intermediate products. While these products can be identified using mass spectrometry...
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Toxicity of ionic liquid cations and anions towards activated sewage sludge organisms from different sources – Consequences for biodegradation testing and wastewater treatment plant operation
PublicationIonic liquids (ILs) have attracted great interest in academia and industry during the last decade. So far, several ILs have been used in technological processes, from small scale to industrial applications, which makes it more and more likely that they will be released into the environment. Researches have been actively studying the environmental and toxicological bevaviour of ILs, but their influence on the activated sewage sludge...
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Impact of influent wastewater quality on nitrogen removal rates in multistage treatment wetlands
PublicationNitrogen removal in treatment wetlands is influenced by many factors, and the presence of electron donors (biodegradable organic matter) and electron acceptors (nitrate ions) is the main limiting one; for obtaining these conditions, multistage treatment wetlands (MTWs) are required, where an extensive nitrification can be obtained in the first stages under aerobic conditions leaving then to the following anoxic/anaerobic stages...
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ACTIVATED BIOCHAR AS AN ADSORBENT OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOR WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT
PublicationThe use of biomass, especially waste biomass, as an alternative energy source is a very important issue today. Pyrolysis is a process of thermal degradation of raw material and one of its products is biochar. This product is mainly distinguished by its high carbon content, and by improving its quality through activation, it can be more widely used. Activated biocarbon has a strongly developed surface and porous structure, and as...
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Changes in rheological properties during anaerobic digestion of activated sludge
PublicationWykonane pomiary właściwości reologicznych osadwo nadmiernych poddawanych procesowi dezintegracji mechanicznej wskazują na znaczny spadek lepkości sięgający 60%. Wraz ze stopniem dezintegracji rosły również właściwości pseudoplastyczne oraz malała granica płynięcia. Podobnie istotne zmiany właściwosci reologicznych nastepowały w osadach poddawanych fermentacji metanowej.