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Search results for: THERMO-CHEMICAL HEAT RECOVERY
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Overcoming carboxylic acid inhibition by granular consortia in high-load liquefied food waste fermentation for efficient lactate accumulation
PublicationGranular sludge, a self-aggregating spherical biofilm, possesses better stability compared to flocculent sludge under extreme conditions. This study compared the ability of anaerobic granular sludge (AnGS) and flocculent waste activated sludge (WAS) to convert food waste (FW) into highly-valuable optically active lactic acid (LA), a central and versatile intermediate platform molecule. Different loadings (30–60 g volatile suspended...
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Air-cooled photovoltaic roof tile as an example of the BIPVT system – An experimental study on the energy and exergy performance
PublicationThe air-cooled photovoltaic tile is a subject of presented investigations, which focused on improving the overall system efficiency of PV tiles with heat recovery. The operational efficiency of a PV roof tile, together with the construction optimising the air cooling efficiency, were the main points of plans realized at this research stage. The article describes the experimental research consisting of the assessment of electrical,...
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Exsolution of Ni nanoparticles on the surface of cerium and nickel co-doped lanthanum strontium titanate as a new anodic layer for DIR-SOFC. Anti-coking potential and H2S poisoning resistance of the prepared material
PublicationThe aim of this study was to evaluate a new catalytic material for biogas fueled DIR-SOFC. This material was a perovskite-type SrTiO3 doped with La, Ce and Ni of a general formula La0.27Sr0.54Ce0.09Ni0.1Ti0.9O3-σ (LSCNT). Additional preparation steps were undertaken to promote a nickel exsolution process. Heat post-treatment of powders in a humidified H2 resulted in an intensive growth of nickel nanoparticles (NPs) while the temperature...
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Problem of aggregation in dye-DNA interaction, calorimetry studies
PublicationNucleic acids are the biological target for many antimicrobial, antitumor and antiviral drugs. Ligand-DNA interactions can be classified into two major categories: 1. covalent binding, which can provide to intermolecular adducts, 2. physico-chemical interactions, which can be divided into intercalation (e.g. adriamycin) or groove binding (e.g. dystamycin). There are several methods to investigate interactions between drug and DNA....
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Pilot installation for thermal utilization of meat-and-bone meal using the rotary kiln pyrolyzer and the fluidised bed boiler
PublicationThe technology of thermal utilization of meat-and-bone meal (MBM) is still at the research state. However, there are already a number of existing pilot-scale installations that provide the complete, effective and environmentally safe process conducting. The universal technology was developed that allows to combust various types of waste, including animal waste, municipal waste and sludge, mixed at any ratio with different types...
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Process Control of Biogas Purification Using Electronic Nose
PublicationNowadays, biogas produced from landfills and wastewater treatment plants or lignocellulosic biomass is important sustainable and affordable source of energy. Impurities from biogas stream can cause a serious odor problem, especially for residents of areas immediately adjacent to production plants. Therefore, biogas pre-treatment is necessary to protect engines that convert biogas into energy and in order to increase the specific...
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Tuning the ferromagnetic phase in the CDW compound SmNiC2 via chemical alloying
PublicationWe report a study on tuning the charge density wave (CDW) ferromagnet SmNiC2 to a weakly coupled superconductor by substituting La for Sm. X-ray diffraction measurements show that the doped compounds obey Vegard’s law, where La (Lu) alloying expands (shrinks) the lattice due to its larger (smaller) atomic size than Sm. In the series Sm1−xLaxNiC2, CDW transition (TCDW =148K) for SmNiC2 is gradually suppressed, while the ferromagnetic...
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Deposition and Electrical and Structural Properties of La0.6Sr0.4CoO3 Thin Films for Application in High-Temperature Electrochemical Cells
PublicationLow-temperature deposition of electroceramic thin films allows the construction of new devices and their integration with existing large-scale fabrication methods. Developing a suitable low-cost deposition method is important to further advance the development of microdevices. In this work, we deposited a 1-lm-thick La0.6Sr0.4CoO3d (LSC) perovskite with high electrical conductivity on sapphire substrates at 400C and analyzed its...
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Exergetic Analysis of the nCO2PP Cycle with Particular Reference to the Exergy Destruction of Sewage Sludge Due to Gasification
PublicationAn exergy analysis is carried out on the negative CO2 emission gas power plant (nCO2PP), which integrates the process sections of fuel preparation, power generation and carbon capture. Processes of exergy destruction are studied with particular focus on the process in the gasification unit of the fuel preparation section, where a large amount of exergy is destroyed in various chemical reactions from sewage sludge to producer gas...
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Effect of wet Hydrogen Sulfide on Carbon Steels Degradation in Refinery Based on Case Study
PublicationMaterial degradation caused by wet hydrogen sulfide (Wet H2S) is one of the major issues in refineries. Carbon steel is the main construction material used in refineries and is subjected not only to thickness loss but the hydrogen is the major concern. H2S leads to high atomic hydrogen penetration in steel which causes degradation in the form of blistering and/or cracking (HIC/SOHIC) and stress cracking in the area of welds and...
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Superconducting SrSnP with Strong Sn–P Antibonding Interaction: Is the Sn Atom Single or Mixed Valent?
PublicationThe large single crystals of SrSnP were prepared using Sn self-flux method. The superconductivity in the tetragonal SrSnP is observed with the critical temperature of ∼2.3 K. The results of a crystallographic analysis, superconducting characterization, and theoretical assessment of tetragonal SrSnP are presented. The SrSnP crystallizes in the CaGaN structure type with space group P4/nmm (S.G. 129, Pearson symbol tP6) according...
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Electromagnetic Control and Dynamics of Generalized Burgers’ Nanoliquid Flow Containing Motile Microorganisms with Cattaneo–Christov Relations: Galerkin Finite Element Mechanism
PublicationIn our research work, we have developed a model describing the characteristics of the bio-convection and moving microorganisms in the flows of a magnetized generalized Burgers’ nanoliquid with Fourier’s and Fick’s laws in a stretchable sheet. Considerations have been made to Cattaneo–Christov mass and heat diffusion theory. According to the Cattaneo–Christov relation, the Buongiorno phenomenon for the motion of a nanoliquid in...
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Compact High Efficiency and Zero-Emission Gas-Fired Power Plant with Oxy-Combustion and Carbon Capture
PublicationReduction of greenhouse gases emissions is a key challenge for the power generation industry, requiring the implementation of new designs and methods of electricity generation. This article presents a design solution for a novel thermodynamic cycle with two new devices—namely, a wet combustion chamber and a spray-ejector condenser. In the proposed cycle, high temperature occurs in the combustion chamber because of fuel combustion...
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Neoclassical Navier–Stokes Equations Considering the Gyftopoulos–Beretta Exposition of Thermodynamics
PublicationThe seminal Navier-Stokes equations were stated even before the creation of the foundations of thermodynamics and its first and second laws. There is a widespread opinion in the literature on thermodynamic cycles that the Navier-Stokes equations cannot be taken as a thermodynamically correct model of a local "working fluid", which would be able to describe the conversion of "heating" into "working" (Carnot's type cycles) and vice...
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P92 steel and inconel 617 alloy welds joint produced using ERNiCr-3 filler with GTAW process: Solidification mechanism, microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stresses
PublicationThe objective of the current study was to analyse the microstructure, mechanical characteristics, and residual stresses of a dissimilar welded joint (DWJ) made of P92 steel and the Inconel alloy 617 (IN617) using the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) method. The ERNiCr-3 filler was selected to produce the conventional V groove (VG) and narrow V groove (NVG) butt joint. The filler deficient zones in the weldments, such as the filler...
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Experimental study and numerical simulation on porosity dependent direct reducibility of high-grade iron oxide pellets in hydrogen
PublicationThe transition to more environmentally friendly steel production methods has intensified research into hydrogen-based direct reduction (HyDR) of iron oxide pellets. The aim of this study is to systematically investigate the kinetics of the reduction process, the evolution of porosity and the resulting microstructural changes on the reduction behavior of high-quality pellets during HyDR of iron ore at different temperatures. A modified...
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FURTHER REMARKS ON THE NEO-CLASSICAL NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS
PublicationThe seminal Navier-Stokes equations have been stated yet before creation of principles of thermodynamics and the first and second laws. In the literature there is the common opinion that the Navier-Stokes equations cannot be taken as a thermodynamically correct model of “working fluid” which is able to describe transformation of “ heat” into “work” and vice versa. Therefore, in the paper, a new exposition of thermodynamically...
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The influence of crude glycerol and castor oil-based polyol on the structure and performance of rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate foams
PublicationIn this work, biopolyol obtained from two types of industrial crops’ processing products: crude glycerol and castor oil was used for preparation or rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate foams. Bio-based polyol was obtained via crude glycerol polymerization and further condensation of resulting polyglycerol with castor oil. Rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate foams were prepared at partial substitution (0–70 wt.%) of petrochemical...
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A facile strategy for reclaiming discarded graphite and harnessing the rate capabilities of graphite anodes
PublicationGraphite negative electrodes are unbeaten hitherto in lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) due to their unique chemical and physical properties. Thus, the increasing scarcity of graphite resources makes smart recycling or repurposing of discarded graphite particularly imperative. However, the current recycling techniques still need to be improved upon with urgency. Herein a facile and efficient hydrometallurgical process is reported to...
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Mechanical Properties and Residual Stress Measurements of Grade IV Titanium and Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13Nb-13Zr Titanium Alloys after Laser Treatment
PublicationNowadays, surface engineering focuses on research into materials for medical applications. Titanium and its alloys are prominent, especially Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13Nb-13Zr. Samples made of pure grade IV titanium and the titanium alloys Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13Nb-13Zr were modified via laser treatment with laser beam frequency f = 25 Hz and laser beam power P = 1000 W during a laser pulse with duration t = 1 ms. Subsequently, to analyze...
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Evaluating the effect of different operational strategies on the carbon footprint of wastewater treatment plants – case studies from northern Poland
PublicationNowadays, low greenhouse gas (GHG) emission is expected at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, emission quantification and evaluation still faces difficulties related to data availability and uncertainty. The objective of this study was to perform carbon footprint (CF) analysis for two municipal WWTPs located in northern Poland. Slupsk WWTP is a large biological nutrient removal (BNR) facility (250,000 PE) which benefits...
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A MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR MONITORING CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN SYNCOPE PATIENTS
PublicationSyncope phenomena is an abrupt and transient loss of consciousness leading to interruption of awareness of one’s surroundings and falls with risk of injury. Syncope is often followed by complete and usually rapid spontaneous recovery. It is said that half of all individuals experience syncopal event at least once during their life. The condition can occur at any age and happens in people with and without other medical problems....
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Effects of preheating on laser beam–welded NSSC 2120 lean duplex steel
PublicationDuplex stainless steels show sustainable alternative for the conventional austenitic grades, with higher strength, higher resistance against stress corrosion cracking, and lower purchase cost. Thus, duplex stainless steel gains more attention in construction, oil and gas, and chemical industries. Among duplex stainless steels, low nickel and low molybdenum alloyed lean duplex stainless steel are a cost-efective substitution of...
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Effect of hybrid modification by ceramic layer formation in MAO process and laser remelting on the structure of titanium bio-alloy Ti13Nb13Zr
PublicationTo improve the biological properties of titanium alloy Ti13Nb13Zr, hybrid modifications involving micro-arc oxidation (MAO) and Nd: YAG laser remelting were carried out in two combinations. The first consisted of laser modification before the production of the ceramic layer by the micro-arc oxidation process, and the second combination involved Nd: YAG laser modification after the MAO process. The creation of developed surface...
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A dissimilar welded joint of grade 92 steel and AISI 304L steel obtained using IN82 buttering and IN617 fller: relationship of microstructure and mechanical properties
PublicationUnfavourable operating conditions of equipment in the energy industry resulting from high-temperature loads determine the need to use special materials and technological solutions, including welding procedures. In this article, buttering using IN82 (ERNiCr-3) consumables was proposed as a method to improve the weldability of grade 92 steel joined by the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process with AISI 304L (IN617 fller). The...
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Diagnostyka eksploatacyjna okrętowych silników spalinowych - tłokowych i turbinowych
PublicationW monografii przedstawiono wybrane zagadnienia diagnostyki technicznej silników spalinowych dużej mocy, zarówno tłokowych, jak i turbinowych, ukierunkowane na eksploatację okrętowych (i nie tylko) systemów energetycznych, w których występują tego typu silniki. W początkowej części opracowania zaproponowano koncepcję systemowego ujęcia diagnostyki eksploatacyjnej silników okrętowych w aspekcie obowiązujących standardów światowych...
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The Impact of Material Selection on Durability of Exhaust Valve Faces of a Ship Engine – A Case Study
Publicationwo alloys were used in order to extend the service life of marine engine exhaust valve head. Layers of cobalt base alloys were made of the powders with with chemical composition as follow: the layer marked L12; C-1,55%; Si-1,21%; Cr-29,7%; W-9%; Ni-2%; Mo<0,01%; Fe-1,7%; Co-54,83% and the layer marked N; C-1,45%; Co-38,9%; Cr-24,13%; Ni-10,43%; W-8,75%; Fe-7,64%; Mo-7,56%; Si-2,59%. Base metal was valve steel after heat treatment....
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Green porous benzamide-like nanomembranes for hazardous cations detection, separation, and concentration adjustment
PublicationGreen biomaterials play a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases as well as health-related problem-solving. Typically, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical strength are requirements centered on biomaterial engineering. However, in-hospital therapeutics require an elaborated synthesis of hybrid and complex nanomaterials capable of mimicking cellular behavior. Accumulation of hazardous cations like...
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Numerical simulation of cold flow and combustion in a swirl stabilized combustor
PublicationA numerical simulation model was developed to investigate the cold flow and combustion using Ansys FLUENT 2021R1. The governing equations were solved using the pressure-based method, and pressure–velocity coupling was performed using the SIMPLE method. To model the turbulent process, the RSM model was used. Non-premixed model is chosen to solve the chemical kinetics between fuel and oxigen. Radiation heat transfer was calculated...