Filters
total: 3206
filtered: 2746
displaying 1000 best results Help
Search results for: INTERMITTENT AERATION
-
Application of the fluid–structure interaction technique for the analysis of hydrodynamic lubrication problems.
PublicationFluid–structure interaction technique seems to be one of the most promising possibilities for theoretical analysis of lubrication problems. It allows coupling of different physical fields in one computational task, taking into account the interaction between them. In this article, two sets of fluid–structure interaction analyses focusing on the bearing performance evaluation are presented. One analysis was applied to a water-lubricated...
-
Performance of a plate heat exchanger operated with water-Al2O3 nanofluid
PublicationThis study is focused on experimental investigation of a selected type of brazed plate heat exchanger (PHEx). The main aim of the paper was to experimentally check the ability of nanofluids to enhance the performance of PHEx. A typical water-Al2O3 nanofluid was tested and compared to that of the base fluid, i.e. water. Nanoparticles were tested at the concentration of 0.1% and 1% by weight. Impact of the 1 day and 3 days break...
-
Rotordynamic characteristics of a chamber seal
PublicationThe paper presents the results of numerical and experimental investigations into pressure forces generated in a turbine labyrinth seal of a modernized type. The experiments were performed on a single-stage air model turbine of the impulse type. The experiments were performed on a single-stage air model turbine of the impulse type. The experimental data were compared with theoretical results obtained by means of CFD Fluent Code....
-
Onboard Energy Storage and Power Management Systems forAll-Electric Cargo Vessel Concept
PublicationThis paper presents an innovative approach to the design of a forthcoming, fully electric-powered cargo vessel. This work begins by defining problems that need to be solved when designingvessels of this kind. Using available literature and market research, a solution for the design of apower management system and a battery management system for a cargo vessel of up to 1504 TEUcapacity was developed. The proposed solution contains...
-
Compensation of Voltage Drops in Trolleybus Supply System Using Battery-Based Buffer Station
PublicationThis paper analyzes the results of a trial operation of a battery-based buffer station supporting a selected section of trolleybus power supply systems in Pilsen, Czech Republic. The buffer station aims to prevent the catenary from excessive voltage drops in a part of the route that is most remote from the traction substation. Compensation of voltage drops is carried out by continuously measuring the catenary voltage and injecting...
-
Analysis of Failures of High Speed Shaft Bearing System in a Wind Turbine
PublicationDuring the operation of wind turbines with gearbox of traditional configuration, consisting of one planetary stage and two helical stages high failure rate of high speed shaft bearings is observed. Such a high failures frequency is not reflected in the results of standard calculations of bearing durability. Most probably it can be attributed to atypical failure mechanism. The authors studied problems in 1.5 MW wind turbines of...
-
Urban space recovery. Landscape-beneficial solutions in new estates built in post-industrial and post-military areas in Bristol, Poznań and Gdańsk
PublicationThe limitation of territorial expansion and the implementation of the idea of a compact city are generally accepted paradigms of spatial development of contemporary cities. In consequence, actions are taken to improve the quality of city landscape and revitalise vacant areas. This study approaches the process of city regeneration as transformation and supplementation of the existing urban structure as well as creation of multifunctional, structurally,...
-
Marine propeller shaft bearings under low-speed conditions: water vs. oil lubrication
PublicationThe bearings used in shipbuilding, hydropower, and water pumps have undergone a metamorphosis in recent decades. Because of environmental regulations, lubrication with grease or mineral oil is prohibited. Thus, the standard solutions include water-lubricated bearings with polymer bushings or sealed systems lubricated with oil. When properly designed, assembled, and operated, bearings can operate reliably for years. However, specific...
-
Semantic Memory for Avatars in Cyberspace
PublicationAvatars that show intelligent behavior should have an access to general knowledge about the world, knowledge that humans store in their semantic memories. The simplest knowledge representation for semantic memory is based on the Concept Description Vectors (CDVs) that store, for each concept, an information whether a given property can be applied to this concept or not. Unfortunately large-scale semantic memories are not available....
-
The resilient city in architectural engineering education: a joint design studio between Gdańsk and Chalmers universities of technology
PublicationChallenges to society, such as those posed by climate change require a new approach to the education of the engineer-architect. Contemporary solutions should serve future generations and that is why the idea of the resilient city should be discussed and implemented, both in theory and in practice. It is necessary to teach students to design urban structures in such a way that they are resilient to dynamically changing conditions....
-
Machine Learning and Text Analysis in an Artificial Intelligent System for the Training of Air Traffic Controllers
PublicationThis chapter presents the application of new information technology in education for the training of air traffic controllers (ATCs). Machine learning, multi-criteria decision analysis, and text analysis as the methods of artificial intelligence for ATCs training have been described. The authors have made an analysis of the International Civil Aviation Organization documents for modern principles of ATCs education. The prototype...
-
Strategies for Achieving Energy Neutrality in Biological Nutrient Removal Systems – a Case Study of the Slupsk WWTP (northern Poland)
PublicationThe paper presents a model-based evaluation of technological upgrades on the energy and cost balance in a large biological nutrient removal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the city of Slupsk (northern Poland). The proposed upgrades include chemically enhanced primary sludge removal and reduction of the nitrogen load in the deammonification process employed for reject water treatment. Simulations enabled to estimate the increased...
-
Balancing Energy Inputs/Outputs and GHG Emissions for Sustainable Wastewater Treatment – a Case Study
PublicationThe aim of the study is a model-based evaluation of the selected operating modes and technological upgrades on the energy balance and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in a large wastewater treatment plant in the city of Slupsk (northern Poland). The considered scenarios focus on energy savings for aeration, increasing energy recovery via biogas cogeneration and reduction of the CO2 equivalent emission from both direct processes (related...
-
Strategies for achieving energy neutrality in biological nutrient removal systems - a case study of the Slupsk WWTP (northern Poland)
PublicationThe paper presents a model-based evaluation of technological upgrades on the energy and cost balance in a large biological nutrient removal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the city of Slupsk (northern Poland). The proposed upgrades include chemically enhanced primary sludge removal and reduction of the nitrogen load in the deammonification process employed for reject water treatment. Simulations enabled to estimate the increased...
-
Coronas and Domination Subdivision Number of a Graph
PublicationIn this paper, for a graph G and a family of partitions P of vertex neighborhoods of G, we define the general corona G ◦P of G. Among several properties of this new operation, we focus on application general coronas to a new kind of characterization of trees with the domination subdivision number equal to 3.
-
Oversizing the photovoltaic generator capacity in a micro photovoltaic plant
PublicationA significant part of photovoltaic micro installations in Poland is characterized by photovoltaic generator oversizing in relation to the inverter. The idea of oversizing, however, still raises doubts among some plant owners. In the paper, the energy yield of installation with an oversized and not oversized photovoltaic generator is presented on selected examples, showing the legitimacy of oversizing.
-
Application of RCD and AFDD in low-voltage electrical installations for protection against fire
PublicationThe paper presents the principles of application of residual current devices (RCDs) in protection against fire. The permissible rated residual operating current of RCDs is discussed. Limitations in the operation of RCDs in this type of protection are indicated. A new type of a protective device against fire – arc fault detection device (AFDD) – is described.
-
Algorytmy wyodrębniania składowych symetrycznych sygnału pomiarowego napięcia w przypadku asymetrii sieci trójfazowej
PublicationW artykule zaprezentowano działanie wybranych algorytmów wykorzystywanych do wyodrębniania składowych symetrycznych z sygnałów pomiarowych napięcia lub prądu w przypadku wystąpienia asymetrii trójfazowej sieci elektroenergetycznej. Weryfikacji działania algorytmów dokonano na podstawie badań symulacyjnych i laboratoryjnych w układzie w którym jako odbiornik zastosowano stojan maszyny asynchronicznej pierścieniowej. Określono wpływ...
-
Analysis of the Heating Process of Hydraulic Motors during Start-Up in Thermal Shock Conditions
PublicationConditions that prevail during harsh winters and hot summers pose a serious challenge for machine designers building devices suitable for operation in extreme weather. It is essential for the designers and the users to define the principles and conditions for the safe operation of machines and devices with hydraulic drive in low ambient temperatures. Bearing in mind the above, the author tested the hydraulic motors in thermal shock...
-
Balkan Stock Exchanges – Consideration of the Length of the Estimation Window in Similar Markets
PublicationPurpose: We study if capital markets in the Balkan are closely and positively related in terms of rate of return, risk, efficiency, and maximum cumulative loss in relation to different lengths of the estimation window. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research was carried out for the period from 01/01/2017 to 31/12/2019 using portfolio analysis. It was divided into an estimation window (01/01/2019 to 31/12/2019) and another with...
-
The assessment of solar photovoltaic in Poland: the photovoltaics potential, perspectives and development
PublicationThe following article explains the current condition of the photovoltaics sector both in Poland and worldwide. Recently, a rapid development of solar energy has been observed in Poland and is estimated that the country now has about 700,000 photovoltaics prosumers. In October 2021, the total photovoltaics power in Poland amounted to nearly 5.7 GW. The calculated technical potential of photovoltaics in Poland is 153.484 PJ (42.634...
-
Nonreciprocal Devices Utilizing Longitudinally Magnetized Ferrite Coupled Lines
PublicationThis chapter presents authors’ recent research on the nonreciprocal devices utilizing longitudinally magnetized ferrite coupled line (FCL) junction. The principle of operation of FCL junction is explained and the hybrid techniques of analysis are shown. Numerical and experimental results concerning the nonreciprocal devices utilizing the different configurations of FCL junctions are presented and discussed.
-
Present state of sewage and wastewater treatment plants in the polish coast of Baltic Sea
PublicationIn the paper the state of art of wastewater management in four zones of Polish Baltic Sea coast: the Vistula Lagoon, the Bay of Gdansk and Bay of Puck, the open sea zone and the Szczecin Lagoon, is discussed. Hydrological characteristics of these four zones as well as characteristics and operation effectiveness of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located there, are presented.
-
Sliding burnishing technology of holes in hardened steel
PublicationNew technology with sliding burnishing of holes with cylindrical surface, made of hardened steel /60 HRC/, is presented in the paper.After burnishing operation on hole diameter 30 mm in satellite gear wheel the surface roughness parameter Ra=0,02-0,04 micrometers was obtained. The method and results of research as technological conclusion are presented.
-
Modern control strategy of bidirectional DAB converter with consideration of control nonlinearity
PublicationThis paper focuses on the control strategy for modern universal bidirectional Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converters for microgrid systems. An analysis of the converter equations was carried out, and typical problems related to the influence of dead time on the system operation were discussed. A closed control loop was developed, then tested by simulation and on a laboratory stand.
-
User-generated images and its impact on consumer-based brand equity and on purchase intention
PublicationResearchers and brand managers have limited knowledge of the effects that different types of user-generated content (UGC) have on consumers’ perception of brands and behavior. In this study we investigated 301 authors of a specific category of UGC, i.e., user-generated images (UGI) on a social networking site to confirm the relationships of four drivers reported in literature (co-creation, empowerment, community, and self-concept)...
-
Modeling of Ice Passage Through Reservoirs System on the Vistula River
PublicationNumerical model was used to assess ice passage through proposed reservoir on the lower Vistula River. Model results were compared with observation on the Vistula River, but because the dam is not constructed yet, the direct comparison was not possible. The study focused on ice movement and accumulation in the reservoir for variety of low flow condition with and without wind effect. Bridge’s piers in the upper part of the reservoir...
-
Fault Loop Impedance Measurement in Circuits Fed by UPS and Principle of Safety Protection
PublicationThis paper indicates a significant problem of uncertainty of fault loop impedance (FLI) measurement in circuits powered from uninterruptible power supply (UPS) (double-conversion AC-DC-AC). The correctly determined value of this impedance, related to the short-circuit current disconnection time and to the reference value, is one of the most important elements that determines the approval of an electrical installation and its receivers...
-
Adaptive Optimal Discrete-Time Output-Feedback Using an Internal Model Principle and Adaptive Dynamic Programming
PublicationIn order to address the output feedback issue for linear discrete-time systems, this work suggests a brand-new adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) technique based on the internal model principle (IMP). The proposed method, termed as IMP-ADP, does not require complete state feedback, merely the measurement of input and output data. More specifically, based on the IMP, the output control problem can first be converted into a stabilization...
-
Signal Propagation in Electromagnetic Media Modelled by the Two-Sided Fractional Derivative
PublicationIn this paper, wave propagation is considered in a medium described by a fractional-order model, which is formulated with the use of the two-sided fractional derivative of Ortigueira and Machado. Although the relation of the derivative to causality is clearly specified in its definition, there is no obvious relation between causality of the derivative and causality of the transfer function induced by this derivative. Hence, causality...
-
Research on the effect of low-sulphur marine fuels on the dynamic characteristics of a CI engine
PublicationThe implementation of low-sulphur, so-called modified marine fuels into operation requires prior labora- tory engine tests to assess the energy, emission and structural effects of their usage. This type of research are carried out on the test bed of a diesel engine as a small-scale physical model that reproduces the adequate design and process (parametric) features of a full-size marine engine. Their key stage is to determine the energy...
-
Implementation of an Adaptive Method for Changing the Frequency Division of the Counter Clock Signal in a Frequency-to-Code Converter
PublicationProcessing physical quantities into an indirect signal is a standard method of transferring information about the measured quantity to the master system, which analyzes the data obtained from the acquisition system. The intermediate signal is very often the voltage, but another transmission medium can be the frequency of the output signal of the “physical quantity-to-frequency” converter. The article presents the implementation...
-
Influence of Natural Conditions on the Imaging of the Bottom of the Gdańsk Bay by Means of the Side Scan Sonar
PublicationThe interest in underwater resources is the reason for the development of modern hydroacoustic systems, including side sonars, which find numerous applications such as: research of seabed morphology and sediment characteristics, preparation of sea sediment maps, and even in special cases of biocenoses such as sea grass meadows, detection of specific targets at the bottom such as shipwrecks, mines, identification of suitable sites...
-
Artificial intelligence for software development — the present and the challenges for the future
PublicationSince the time when first CASE (Computer-Aided Software Engineering) methods and tools were developed, little has been done in the area of automated creation of code. CASE tools support a software engineer in creation the system structure, in defining interfaces and relationships between software modules and, after the code has been written, in performing testing tasks on different levels of detail. Writing code is still the task...
-
Numerical Simulations of Hydrodynamic Open-Water Characteristics of a Ship Propeller
PublicationThe paper presents the results of numerical simulations of ship propeller operation bearing the name of Propeller Open Water (POW) Tests. The object of tests was a sample ship propeller (PPTC1), the geometrical and kinematic data of which are available, along with the results of model tests, on the official page of the research centre involved in the measurements. The research aimed at verifying the correctness of results of numerical...
-
Influence of type of material on performance of hydraulic components in thermal shock conditions
PublicationDuring the start-up of a hydraulic system in low ambient temperatures an incorrect operation may occur. The principles and conditions of safely operating hydraulic driven machines and devices are essential to designers and operators. For this reason the author of this article has conducted a series of tests on hydraulic components and systems in thermal shock conditions (cooled-down components were supplied with hot working medium)....
-
Stiffness assessment of the laminate recovered from end-of-life wind turbine blade
PublicationIn the paper the stiffness parameters of the laminate recovered from an aerodynamic shell of a decommissioned wind turbine blade are evaluated. The aim of the work is to assess selected methods for identifying material data, as well as to estimate the level of stiffness degradation during turbine operation. Several practical identification methods are presented and compared. Two concepts of a single laminate layer are considered,...
-
Evaluation of a Small Inland Ferry’s Energy Requirements from the Acceleration Stage of Towing Tank Model Tests
PublicationComputing the power required to meet a ship’s operational needs is one of the most important tasks in naval design. The power required to propel a vessel is directly related to the resistance the hull experiences as it moves through the water. The conventional method of determining a ship’s resistance involves towing tank tests of ship models at a fixed speed; however, for short-range vessels, where constant speed is not the primary...
-
Steady-State Vibration Level Measurement of the Five-Phase Induction Machine during Third Harmonic Injection or Open-Phase Faults
PublicationMultiphase electric machines are increasingly used in various industries and for electromobility. Complex systems have been developed for the control and powering of multiphase machines, which require verification. The quality of control and the power supply of electric machines is usually evaluated by analyzing various electrical parameters. On the other hand, taking into account the fact that a motor is an electrical-mechanical...
-
On Facial Expressions and Emotions RGB-D Database
PublicationThe goal of this paper is to present the idea of creating reference database of RGB-D video recordings for recognition of facial expressions and emotions. Two different formats of the recordings used for creation of two versions of the database are described and compared using different criteria. Examples of first applications using databases are also presented to evaluate their usefulness.
-
Morse inequalities via Conley index theory
PublicationThe relation known as the Morse inequalities can be extended to a more general setting of flows on a locally compact metric spaces (Conley index) as well as dynamical systems on Hilbert spaces (LS-index). This paper is a discourse around this extension. Except the part concerning the LS-index the material is self-contained and has a character of a survey.
-
Reactive Energy Billing in Operator Tariffs in Poland
PublicationThe paper describes the current method of reactive energy billing in the tariffs of distribution grid operators in Poland. The current solutions are subject to critical assessment. Issues related to the motivation effect of the current solutions on consumers are analysed. Problems that occur in relation with connecting distributed generators to the distribution grid and challenges related to prosumer billing are indicated.
-
Antimicrobial resistance of fecal indicators in muncipal wastewater treatment plant
PublicationAntimicrobial resistance of fecal coliforms (n = 153) and enterococci (n = 199) isolates was investigated in municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) based on activated sludge system. The number of fecal indicators (in influent and effluent as well as in the aeration chamber and in return activated sludge mixture) was determined using selective media. Susceptibility of selected strains was tested against 19 (aminoglycosides,...
-
Przemoc w stosunkach ukraińsko-rosyjskich w opinii polskiej prasy codziennej
PublicationThe five most widely read Polish newspapers informing about the creation Maidan in Kiev and protests against decisions of the Ukrainian authorities revealed the existence of internal political violence. The external violence is associated with the inclusion of Russia into the conflict. Since the turn of 2013/2014 in Ukrainian-Russian relations were recorded examples of economic violence.
-
CRVG - a new model for wireless networks topology generation
PublicationThis paper presents a new model of wireless network topology generator. Its main advantage is the possibility of relatively sparse networks generation. Because no iteration is needed, the model can be used for massive generation of networks for testing. The topological properties of produced graphs place them in the class of scale free networks, resembling real ones.
-
Hydro Power Plant in the Process of Voltage Control in the Electric Power System and the System Restoration
PublicationThe article covers selected issues related to the share of hydroelectric power in the process of rebuilding the power system after black-out and voltage control during that process. Selected results of measurements made during the creation of the transmission chain for the need to start a block of a thermal power plant from a hydroelectric power plant were presented.
-
TEORIA DECYZYJNYCH PROCESÓW SEMI-MARKOWA I JEJ ZASTOSOWANIE W PROJEKTOWANIU I EKSPLOATACJI OKRĘTOWYCH SILNIKÓW GŁÓWNYCH I INNYCH URZĄDZEŃ SIŁOWNI OKRĘTOWYCH
PublicationW referacie zaprezentowano znaczenie teorii procesów semi-Markowa w naukach technicznych, zwłaszcza w teorii niezawodności urządzeń technicznych, teorii bezpieczeństwa ich działania oraz statystycznej teorii podejmowania decyzji eksploatacyjnych. W referacie wyeksponowano także przydatność teorii procesów semi-Markowa w teorii i praktyce eksploatacji wspomnianych urządzeń technicznych na przykładzie tak istotnych urządzeń w transporcie...
-
Proposition of the steam turbine governor structure modification
PublicationThere is considered the steam turbine governor operation during defense and restoration of the power system. It points out weaknesses of currently used governor structures. The new controller is proposed, that takes advantages of those curently used. The new controller allows for more effective control of the turbine in emergency situations, at frequencies much different from the nominal value.
-
Concept of Compatibility Region for the Evaluation of IR UWB Electromagnetic Compatibility
PublicationThis paper presents a new proposal for the unified evaluation of ultra wideband and narrowband radio communication systems electromagnetic compatibility, called “compatibility region”. The idea of compatibility region is based on the relation between the ratio of narrowband to ultra wideband signal power in a receiver and some transmission quality indicators (bit error rate, effective data rate).
-
Image as a key factor of brand value at social media
PublicationThe paper aims to investigate the relationship between social media presence and activities and brand value for the most valuable Global Brands 2012 (Interbrandt 2013). Social media communication is an innovative way of communication. Brand value is a key performance indicator of brand strategy for managers. Brand and category image realized to be the key factor of investigated relation.