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Vplyv modifikácie dubovégo dreva technólogiou thermo-wood na zrnistosŤ piliny z procesov pilenia dreva na rámovej pile PRW 15M
PublicationW referacie przedstawiono wpływ modyfikacji termicznej drewna dębowego technologią ThermoWood na ziarnistość wiórów z procesu przecinania na pilarce ramowej PRW15M. Stwierdzono, że trociny uzyskane z drewna dębowego modyfikowanego termicznie nie zawierają w swoim składzie szkodliwych dla układu oddechowego człowieka cząstek z frakcji PM2.5, a ponadto nie wykryto cząstek frakcji PM10, które mogłyby tworzyć smog w środowisko pracy.
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The Use of Wood Chips for Revitalization of Degraded Forest Soil on Young Scots Pine Plantation
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The influence of changes of soil parameters due to consolidation on the interaction of piles and soft soil layer
PublicationZaprezentowano problem wyznaczania bocznego parcia gruntu o małej wytrzymałości na pale. Opisano przypadki występowania bocznego obciążenia pali. Scharakteryzowano właściwości i zachowanie gruntów słabych stanowiących warstwę podłoża o małej wytrzymałości. Zaprezentowano propozycje obliczania bocznego parcia według różnych autorów. Przedstawiono wpływ konsolidacji na zmianę wytrzymałości gruntów słabych w czasie oraz na obliczanie...
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Propagation in a ferrite circular waveguide magnetized through a rotary four-pole magnetic field
PublicationOpracowano uproszczony model matematyczny użyteczny do badania zjawisk polowych występujących w falowodzie cylindrycznym magnesowanym czterobiegunowym polem obrotowym. Wykazano, że falowód ten może być wykorzystany jako przesuwnik fazy lub układ zmieniający polaryzację.
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SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF CLAW POLE MACHINE WITH A HYBRID EXCITATION AND LAMINATED ROTOR CORE
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Optical activity of the guest azobenzene molecule generated by inclusion complexation with steroidal bile acids.
PublicationZsyntetyzowano krystaliczne kompleksy inkluzyjne azobenzenu z kwasami cholowym i deoksycholowym. Otrzymane związki inkluzyjne poddano badaniom przy wykorzystaniu spektroskopii dichroizmu kołowego w fazie stałej (KBr). Dodatni efekt Cottona, odpowiadający niskoenergetycznemu przejściu elektronowemu n-pi*, skorelowano z helikalnością M,M skręconej cząsteczki azobenzenu. Ponadto w celach porównawczych zmierzono dichroizm kołowy w...
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The In-House Method of Manufacturing a Low-Cost Heat Pipe with Specified Thermophysical Properties and Geometry
PublicationVarious types of heat pipes are available to purchase off the shelf, from various manufacturers, but most of them have strictly defined geometry and technical parameters. However, when there is a need to use a heat pipe (HP) with an unusual size and shape or working conditions other than the standard ones, it becomes very costly to order them from manufacturers, especially in small quantities, and only a few producers are willing...
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Nonlinear secondary arc model use for evaluation of single pole auto-reclosing effectiveness
PublicationPurpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss two evaluation methods of single pole autoreclosing process effectiveness in HV transmission lines. Secondary arc current and recovery voltage results obtained by load flow calculation are compared to the results obtained by the time domain simulations. Moreover, a nonlinear secondary arc implementation is presented. Design/methodology/approach – A computer simulation studies were...
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Zero-pole approach to computer aided design of in-line siw filters with transmission zeros
PublicationThis paper presents a design of a new type of in-line pseudo-elliptic filters implemented in substrate integrated waveguide(SIW) technology. To realize transmission zeros in in-line topology,frequency-dependent couplings were used. Such dispersive couplingswere implemented as shorted stubs. The design process startswith the generation of a suitable starting point. To this end, anapproximation of SIW as a rectangular waveguide is...
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Pale stalowe w budownictwie mostowym i hydrotechnicznym - rozwiązania konstrukcyjne i obliczanie
PublicationPrzedstawiono zastosowania stalowych pali w konstrukcjach hydrotechnicznych i mostowych. Skupiono się na rozwiązania zastosowanych w konstrukcjach oraz nośności pali.
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THE EFFECT OF LOG SORTING STRATEGY ON THE FORECASTED LUMBER VALUE AFTER SAWING PINE WOOD
PublicationThe optimal transformation path for the resource is determined by the quality of a log combined with its dimension. The commercial value of derived products is also closely connected with the size and extent of containing wood deficiencies. The results of studies with three diverse strategies for log sorting are presented in the paper. Resource assessment by a worker without extensive experience in sorting logs, the certified grading...
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Effect of pine impregnation and feed speed on sound level and cutting power in wood sawing
PublicationThe sound levels along with the cutting power registered during the sawing process of the impregnated and non-impregnated pine wood at two feed speeds are shown and compared in this paper. Statistically significant differences in the acoustic signals occurred at the lower feed rate. The differences became smaller with an increase in the feed speed. In contrast to the sound signal, the differences...
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Retrievable strain measuring system in screw displacement piles - readings and results interpretation problems
PublicationStatic load tests on foundation piles are generally carried out in order to determine load – displacement characteristic of the pile. For more detailed information, e.g. force distribution along the shaft, load transfer mechanism and characteristics of soil-structure interaction (unit resistance curves t-z, q-z) additional pile instrumentation is required. Most popular techniques focus on direct concrete strain measurements and...
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Effect of the Drying Method of Pine and Beech Wood on Fracture Toughness and Shear Yield Stress
PublicationThe modern wood converting processes consists of several stages and material drying belongs to the most influencing future performances of products. The procedure of drying wood is usually realized between subsequent sawing operations, affecting significantly cutting conditions and general properties of material. An alternative methodology for determination of mechanical properties (fracture toughness and shear yield stress) based...
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Heat recovery from the hybrid photovoltaic tile – experimental studies with the solar light simulator
PublicationConsidering the current development of micro-cogeneration energy sources, supported by the national prosumer policy and the act on the renewable energy sources, there is a great demand for the effective solar technologies. In this area, the photovoltaic cells with a combined conversion of the solar radiation energy into the electrical and thermal energy (PV/T cells) seem to be attractive. They are already widely available and treated...
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Computerized control and protection systems in technical objects and installations = Komputerowe systemy sterowania i zabezpieczeń w obiektach oraz instalacjach technicznych
PublicationArtykuł przedstawia zagadnienia dotyczące systemów komputerowych sterowania i układów automatyki bezpieczeństwa. Rozwój automatyki i informatyki na przestrzeni ostatnich lat wymusił wprowadzenie szeregu nowych rozwiązań technicznych, dotyczących procesów sterowania i kontroli instalacji technicznych. Dąży się do automatyzacji kompleksowej instalacji technicznych, rozumianej, jako możliwość sterowania wszystkimi układami i urządzeniami...
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Fundamenty palowe, obliczenia z zastosowaniem zasad Eurokodu 7 i doświadczeń krajowych
PublicationPrzedstawiono zagadnienia obliczania fundamentów palowych w nawiązaniu do zaleceń Eurokodu 7. Zwrócono uwagę, że zgodnie z założeniami Eurokodu 7, projektant i inżynier ma swobodę w wyborze metod obliczeniowych.Przytoczono i zarekomendowano metody i propozycje miedzy innymi obliczania statycznego układów palowych, określania nośności pali, prognozowania osiadań fundamentów palowych oraz charakterystyk obciążenie-osiadanie pali...
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Critical approach to PLE technique application in the analysis of secondary metabolites in plants
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The dying medium temperature impact on the final moisture content of pine wood at constant drying time
PublicationThe results of final moisture content of pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) after drying process are presented. The wood in the experiments was taken from the northern part of Pomeranian region in Poland. The drying process was performed in the experimental chamber equipped with the micro-jet heat exchanger. The air at temperatures of 40°C, 60°C, 80°C, 100°C and 120°C with relative humidity about 60% and atmospheric pressure was the...
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Analysis of surface roughness of chemically impregnated Scots pine processed using frame-sawing machine
PublicationThe objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the impregnation process of pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) on roughness parameters of the surface processed on a frame sawing. The samples weredried and impregnated using a commercial procedure by a local company. The touch method withthe use of measuring stylus (pin) was employed to determine of surface roughness of the samplesconsidering parameters, namely, arithmetical...
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Czynniki wpływające na magnetyczne pole rozproszone elementów konstrukcyjnych wykonanych ze stali węglowych
PublicationPrzeprowadzono badania próbek wykonanych ze stali węglowej lokalnie odkształconych plastycznie. Badano wpływ lokalnej deformacji na rozkład magnetycznego pola rozproszonego wokół próbek w zależności od warunków panujących podczas deformowania oraz wykonywania pomiarów. Na podstawie porównania rezultatów otrzymanych dla próbek o różnej historii stwierdzono, iż rejestrowane anomalie rozkładu MPR są spowodowane w głównej mierze przepływem...
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Forecasting values of cutting power for the sawing process of impregnated pine wood on band sawing machine
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono prognozowane wartości mocy skrawania dla pilarki taśmowej (ST100R firmy STENNER), które są stosowane w polskich tartakach. Wartości mocy skrawania oszacowano dla drewna sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.), które zostało poddane impregnacji. Dla porównania wyznaczono również wartości mocy skrawania dla drewna niezaimpregnowanego. Wartości te określono za pomocą innowacyjnej metody prognozowania sił skrawania,...
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Critical analysis of laboratory measurements and monitoring system of water-pipe network corrosion-case study.
PublicationCase study of corrosion failure of urban water supply system caused by environmental factors was presented. Nowadays corrosion monitoring of water distribution systems is an object of major concern. There is possibility of application broad range of techniques like gravimetric and electrochemical. Both kinds of techniques can be applied in laboratory and field conditions. In many cases researches limit the case analysis to measurements...
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Metody oznaczania pestycydów w atmosferze w fazie gazowej i w pyle zawieszonym
PublicationW przypadku analizy próbek powietrza konieczne jest zastosowanie aparatury oddzielającej fazę gazową od cząstek stałych. Możliwe jest wtedy oznaczanie pestycydów osobno w obu fazach (w fazie gazowej oraz w pyle zawieszonym). Pierwszym etapem analizy w przypadku oznaczania pestycydów w powietrzu jest izolacja pestycydów z matrycy wraz ze wzbogacaniem analitów, a następnie ekstrakcja i oczyszczanie ekstraktu połączone najczęściej...
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Comparison of the fracture toughness of pine wood determined on the basis of orthogonal linear cutting and frame sawing
PublicationIn this paper, the values of the fracture toughness of Scots pine determined by cutting tests are presented. The cutting tests were carried out using the samples of Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) from Pomeranian Region, Poland. These experiments were carried out on two research stands: orthogonal linear cutting tests were conducted using the microtome instrument and the frame saw PRW-15M was used for sawing tests. The values...
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Analytical ‘Steady-State’-Based Derivation and Clarification of the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy Condition for Pipe Flow
PublicationThis article addresses the problem of choosing the optimal discretization grid for emulating fluid flow through a pipeline. The aggregated basic flow model is linearized near the operating point obtained from the steady state analytic solution of the differential equations under consideration. Based on this model, the relationship between the Courant number (μ) and the stability margin is examined. The numerically set coefficient...
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Experimental studies on the impact of changing the pipe material on the propagation of the pressure wave during water hammer
PublicationAim of the paper is to present the results studying the water hammer phenomenon in pipes made of different materials, and to show the impact of changing the type of material of the pipe on the velocity of the pressure wave during the transient flow in the pipes. In terms of research material and methods, pipes made of galvanized steel and high-density polyethylene were tested. Measurements were made using strain gauges with a high...
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Improved energy management technique in pipe-embedded wall heating/cooling system in residential buildings
PublicationEffective and environmentally responsive techniques of energy management in residential buildings are desirable for the resulting reduction of energy costs and consumption. In this paper, an improved and efficient technique of energy management in pipe-embedded wall heating/cooling systems, called the Thermal Barrier, is described. Specifically, the Thermal Barrier is a technique focused on the management and control of heat...
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Improved energy management technique in pipe-embedded wall heating/cooling system in residential buildings
PublicationEffective and environmentally responsive techniques of energy management in residential buildings are desirable for the resulting reduction of energy costs and consumption. In this paper, an improved and efficient technique of energy management in pipe-embedded wall heating/cooling systems, called the Thermal Barrier, is described. Specifically, the Thermal Barrier is a technique focused on the management and control of heat supply...
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On the efficiency of bile salt for stable suspension and isolation of single-walled carbon nanotubes—spectroscopic and microscopic investigations
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Comprehensive Analysis of MILE Gene Expression Data Set Advances Discovery of Leukaemia Type and Subtype Biomarkers
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Optimizing Last-Mile Delivery: A Multi-Criteria Approach with Automated Smart Lockers, Capillary Distribution and Crowdshipping
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The bile salt/phospholipid ratio determines the extent of in vitro intestinal lipolysis of triglycerides: Interfacial and emulsion studies
PublicationThis study focused on the protein-stabilised triglyceride (TG)/water interfaces and oil-in-water emulsions, and explored the influence of varying molar ratios of bile salts (BSs) and phospholipids (PLs) on the intestinal lipolysis of TGs. The presence of these two major groups of biosurfactants delivered with human bile to the physiological environment of intestinal digestion was replicated in our experiments by using mixtures...
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Assessment of the impact of jet impingement technique on the energy efficiency of air-cooled BIPV/T roof tile
PublicationThe paper concerns a numerical analysis of cooling of the hybrid photovoltaic (PV) modules dedicated to Building-Integrated Photovoltaic/Thermal (BIPV/T) systems. Attention was focused on the photovoltaic roof tiles, using a jet impingement technique, in which the intensification of heat transfer is ensured by streams of air hitting the heat exchange partition. A series of numerical simulations were carried out to assess an influence...
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The cell surface protein Ag43 facilitates phage infection of Escherichia coli in the presence of bile salts and carbohydrates
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The differential impact of a density of Polish pine wood on cutting forces with its origin region taken into consideration
PublicationIn the article the dependence of cutting forces in a function the density of wood with regard to the wood origin are presented. Samples used in experiment were with Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) originating from four provenances in Poland (Figure 1). Wood density was measured by two methods: stereometric method (global density) and radiometric method (local density). Stereometric method consists in measurements the volume...
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Thermal Design of Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Used as an Oil Cooler in Ships: A Comparative Case Study
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Modelling of the High Speed Multi-Pole Synchronous Generator for Application in More Electric Aircraft Power Systems
PublicationIn this paper different models of the synchronous generator are presented. The simulation results compared with the measurements are shown. Certain physical phenomena are included in described models for the porpoise of adequate analysis of the more electric aircraft power system. For different modelling levels, such as functional level or behavioural level, different physical phenomena have been included. Simulation results for...
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Study of prototype multi-pole non-salient field winding for high speed brushless synchronous generator
PublicationIn this paper a non-salient field winding for a brushless synchronous generator working with high speed in an autonomous energy generation system (e.g. airplane power grid) has been presented. A conception of a six-pole cylindrical-rotor with distributed field winding has been proposed. Comparison study of salient and prototype non-salient field winding has been carried out. Chosen simulation and measurement results of the generator...
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Szacowanie zawartości benzo(a)pirenu w pyle zawieszonym pm10 przy pomocy wielowymiarowej regresji liniowej
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono próbę oszacowania przy pomocy wielowymiarowej regresji liniowej modelu empirycznego opisującego czynniki wpływające na zawartość B(a)P w pyle zawieszonym PM10 w jednej z dzielnic aglomeracji trójmiejskiej, gdzie głównym źródłem występowania B(a)P była niska emisja, spowodowana spalaniem paliw kopalnianych. Analizie poddano wzajemne zależności: stężenia pyłu PM10 w powietrzu, temperaturę powietrza, prędkość...
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Bearing capacity of piles based on static load tests and calculation principles provided by EN 1997-1
PublicationW artykule scharakteryzowano i przeanalizowano ogólne zalecenia Eurokodu 7 dotyczące wyznaczania nośności pali na podstawie próbnych obciążeń statycznych. Porównano je z zaleceniami dotychczasowej polskiej normy PN-83/B-02482. Przedstawiono kilka przykładów interpretacji rzeczywistych wyników próbnych obciążeń pali według zaleceń wyżej wymienionych dwóch norm wraz z analizą porównawczą.
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The Effect of Wood Provenance and Density on Cutting Forces While Sawing Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)
PublicationSeveral properties of wood including the cutting power requirements can be correlated to wood density. Therefore, according to the literature, the cutting power requirements (and/or cutting forces) could be computed as a function of the wood specific gravity. This research shows that such an approach, based solely on specific gravity, may be considered a rather rough and imperfect estimate of cutting power. Samples of Scots pine...
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Parametry badań sprawności energetycznej pomp i silników hydraulicznych. Pole pracy układu napędu hydrostatycznego
PublicationPrzedstawiono pole pracy układu napędu hydrostatycznego. Uzasadniono podział parametrów pracy silnika hydraulicznego i pompy na parametry niezależne i zależne od pracy tych maszyn wyporowych i układu z nich utworzonego. Zaproponowano podjęcie tematu badawczego mającego na celu opracowanie metod wyznaczania charakterystyk energetycznych pomp i silników hydraulicznych obrotowych oraz zmodyfikowanych metod wyznaczania charakterystyk...
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Proposal for calculating the bearing capacity of screw displacement piles in non-cohesive soils based on CPT results
PublicationPrzedstawienie wyników badań terenowych pali przemieszczeniowych wkręcanych, zrealizowanych w ramach projektu badawczego MNiSW. Propozycja dwóch metod obliczania nośności pali przemieszczeniowych wkręcanych w niespoistym podłożu gruntowym na podstawie wyników badań CPT. Metody dostosowano do wytycznych Eurokodu 7. Weryfikacja metod obliczeniowych z wynikami badań terenowych pali.
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Air-cooled photovoltaic roof tile as an example of the BIPVT system – An experimental study on the energy and exergy performance
PublicationThe air-cooled photovoltaic tile is a subject of presented investigations, which focused on improving the overall system efficiency of PV tiles with heat recovery. The operational efficiency of a PV roof tile, together with the construction optimising the air cooling efficiency, were the main points of plans realized at this research stage. The article describes the experimental research consisting of the assessment of electrical,...
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Cutting model parameters from frame sawing of natural and impregnated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)
PublicationIn this paper, absolute and density normalized cutting model parameters of natural and impregnated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) are shown and a method for the calculation of their corresponding material properties in the principal material directions of wood is presented. The parameters were determined from measurements of cutting power on a sash gang saw, and are in detail the fracture toughness and the shear yield strength...
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Residue-Pole Methods for Variability Analysis of S-parameters of Microwave Devices with 3D FEM and Mesh Deformation
PublicationThis paper presents a new approach for variability analysis of microwave devices with a high dimension of uncertain parameters. The proposed technique is based on modeling an approximation of system by its poles and residues using several modeling methods, including ordinary kriging, Adaptive Polynomial Chaos (APCE), and Support Vector Machine Regression (SVM). The computational cost is compared with the traditional Monte-Carlo...
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Broadening the scope of measurement and analysis of vibrations of an organ pipe employing intensity probe, simulations, and highspeed camera
PublicationThis paper shows an integrated approach to measure, analyze, and model phenomena occurring in an organ pipe driven by pressurized air. The aim of this paper is two-fold, i.e., to measure the pressure signal and the intensity field around the mouth by means of an intensity probe and to visualize and observe the motion of the air jet, which represents the excitation mechanism of the system. This is realized through two techniques,...
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Application of PLE for the determination of essential oil components from Thymus vulgaris L.
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The influence of compensate coils on own ship magnetic field
PublicationA ferromagnetic object placed in the earth magnetic field causes a local disturbance in this field distribution. The field distribution disturbance is a function of many arguments like the dimensoins and shape of the object, its ferromagnetic properties ande its positon in relation to the earth magnetic field. in order to minimize the influence of this disturbance one places compensate coils on the ship. Some chosen results of...