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Search results for: ECO CURRENCY
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Reactive extrusion of bio-based polymer blends and composites – Current trends and future developments
PublicationReactive extrusion is a cost-effective and environmentally-friendly method to produce new materials with enhanced performance properties. At present, reactive extrusion allows in-situ polymerization, modification/functionalization of polymers or chemical bonding of two (or more) immiscible phases, which can be carried out on commonly used extrusion lines. Although reactive extrusion has been known for many years, its application...
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Novel condition monitoring of induction motor bearings via motor current signature analysis
PublicationThe paper authors are researching the assessment of bearing conditions in induction motors. The methods developed by the authors are based on measurements and analysis of the motor supply current, which is particularly attractive in the absence of access to the engine. The article provides an overview of selected methods of induction motor bearings diagnostic based on Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA). However, there is no...
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Selected Aspects of Biofuels Market and the Electromobility Development in Poland: Current Trends and Forecasting Changes
PublicationThis work presents basic information associated with markets of selected alternative fuels used in transport, such as methyl esters, conventional bioethanol and lignocellulosic bioethanol, and the market of electrical vehicles. Legal conditions, which stimulate development and regulate the mode of functioning of the liquid biofuel market until 2020 are discussed, based on provisions of EU directives. Data on biofuel production...
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Impact of digital signal processing on FOC current feedback in high-speed PMSM drive
PublicationIn applications where size and weight of the electric motor are among major design concerns, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) with wide operational speed-range are commonly preferred. Due to limited inverter switching frequency, high-speed operation of a drive results in a low ratio between the switching frequency and the fundamental frequency of motor voltage. Such operating conditions have been recently identified...
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The effect of current signal filtering method on the value of cutting power while sawing wood
PublicationThe goal of this work was to investigate an effect of various signal pre-processings on the outline of the electrical power curve and its influence on the measured cutting force estimation. Two signal processing methods were selected for the needs of the experiment, including digital filter and wavelet transform. The filter used was Butterworth, 3rd order band-stop with the cut-out band from 45 Hz to 55 Hz. The second approach...
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Current and future emissions of selected heavy metals to the atmosphere from anthropogenic cources in Europe
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Current state of a dual behaviour of antimicrobial peptides-Therapeutic agents and promising delivery vectors
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Vaccination Against Measles, Mumps, and Rubella in the Light of Current Epidemic Threats: Unjustified Postponement
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Current technology trends in Electronic Commerce. Przegląd trendów technologii dla e-Commerce.
PublicationPrzedstawiono przegląd trendów technologii dla e-Commerce. Skupiono się na rozwiązaniach programowanych w dziedzinie wzorców projektowych oraz zastosowania ebXML.
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The influence of the motor filtrers on harmonic current emmision in the pro-ective connection of drive systems.
PublicationThis paper contains detailed analysis of currents in protective wire in engine supplied from frequency converter without any external filters added. It was found that the peak value of current in protective conductor of engine was about 1500 mA at frequencies 5 Hz 50 Hz. In the continuation of research the dU/dt type motor filter and the sinusoidal filter were tested. It was found that the current in protective wire decreased...
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Energy quality improvement by ultra rapid L. V. fault current limiting andinterrupting.
PublicationPrzedstawiono możliwość ograniczania rozprzestrzeniania się zapadów napięcia w sieciach elektroenergetycznych przy zwarciach przez zastosowanie łączników hybrydowych do ultra szybkiego ograniczania i wyłączania prądów zwarciowych. Referat ma na celu przedstawienie dotychczasowych osiągnięć prac badawczych w dziedzinie łączników ultra szybkich, a także poznanie opinii elektroenergetyki i odbiorców na temat celowości wprowadzenia...
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A new time-frequency detection method of stray current field interferenceon metal structures.
PublicationA new detection method has been presented of stray current field interference on underground metal structures. The method employs short time Fourier transformation (STFT). This method of analysis allows determination of signal spectral power density changes (e.g., structure potential) in the function of time. In the paper results have been presented of total time–frequency analysis of a pipeline potential in a stray current field...
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Cameras, microphones, and data storage in current monitoring systems.Technology trends, problems and potential solutions
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Remote sensing in laboratory diagnostics of reinforced concrete elements – current development and vision for the future
PublicationContinuous emergence of new concrete types and kinds of reinforcement, as well as technological solutions in the field of structural engineering have made great demand for diagnostic tests of reinforced concrete elements. New challenges and problems facing people require new more efficient tools for laboratory diagnostics than those commonly used. Remote sensing may be the answer to this demand. In this paper the author describes...
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Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum in the Aerospace Industry: The Current Progress and State-of-the-Art Review
PublicationThe use of the friction stir welding (FSW) process as a relatively new solid-state welding technology in the aerospace industry has pushed forward several developments in different related aspects of this strategic industry. In terms of the FSW process itself, due to the geometric limitations involved in the conventional FSW process, many variants have been required over time to suit the different types of geometries and structures,...
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Carbon dioxide sequestration by industrial wastes through mineral carbonation: Current status and perspectives
PublicationMineral carbonation using natural minerals or industrial wastes is a safe and promising strategy for CO2 sequestration. Application of industrial wastes for this purpose has significant ecological and environmental value, which is one of the key green technologies in the global carbon mitigation. This review summarizes the current research status of CO2 mineralization by industrial wastes. This work surveys the mechanisms and capacities...
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Polyether-block-amide PEBA membranes for gas separation and pervaporation; current design and applications
PublicationPolyether-block-amide (PEBA) membranes have attracted considerable attention for their exceptional efficacy in gas separation and pervaporation processes. This comprehensive review delves into the precise definition, distinguishing characteristics, and diverse applications of PEBA membranes over the past five years. A primary research objective focuses on enhancing gas separation efficiency, primarily through augmenting membrane...
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Study of particle - bubble interaction using atomic force microscopy - current possibilities and challenges
PublicationBadania oddziaływań pomiędzy cząstkami mineralnymi i pęcherzykami powietrza są kluczowe do zrozumienia przebiegu flotacji. Wykorzystanie mikroskopii sił atomowych (AFM) i techniki próbnika koloidalnego umożliwia pomiar takich oddziaływań.
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Impact of thermal backfill parameters on current-carrying capacity of power cables installed in the ground
PublicationProper design of power installations with the participation of power cables buried in homogeneous and thermally well-conductive ground does not constitute a major problem. The situation changes when the ground is non-homogeneous and thermally low-conductive. In such a situation, a thermal backfill near the cables is commonly used. The optimization of thermal backfill parameters to achieve the highest possible current-carrying capacity...
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Current and future emissions of selected heavy metals to the atmosphere from anthropogenic cources in Europe
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki obliczeń emisji As, Cd, Cr, Ni i Pb do powietrza ze źródeł antropogennych w Europie. Obecnie spalanie paliw jest głównym źródłem emisji As, Cd, Cr i Ni (powyżej 50 % ogólnej emisji tych metali), natomiast spalanie benzyny jest głównym źródłem emisji Pb. Zaobserwowano ciągłą redukcje emisji tych metali w Europie w ciagu ostatnich 40 lat. Powiększający się stan wiedzy nt. źródeł, emisji oraz transportu i zachowania...
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Protection Against Electric Shock Using Residual Current Devices in Circuits with Electronic Equipment
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono problematykę stosowania wyłączników różnicowoprądowych w obwodach z urządzeniami elektronicznymi, które powodują, że prąd różnicowy ma zmienną częstotliwość lub jest odkształcony. Wyniki badań wskazują, że częstotliwość obiegająca od znamionowej oraz zawartość wyższych harmonicznych w prądzie różnicowym niekorzystnie wpływa na skuteczność ochrony przeciwporażeniowej przy zastosowaniu wyłączników różnicowoprądowych....
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Sensorless IPMSM drive with rotor position estimator based on analysis of phase current derivatives
PublicationThis paper describes a sensorless Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM) drive designed for traction applications. Wide-speed sensorless operation is provided with the use of three methods of rotor position estimation designed for: a standstill, low- and high-speed range. The paper focuses on the high-speed estimation algorithm. The estimator uses the derivatives of motor phase currentsresulting from PWM modulation...
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Control Systems of an Induction and Synchronous Motor Supplied by Current Source Converter Working as Generator
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Current challenges and methodological issues of functional safety and security management in hazardous technical systems
PublicationCelem artykułu jest zidentyfikowanie problemów oceny ryzyka w kontekście stosowania systemów elektrycznych / elektronicznych / programowalnych elektronicznych (E/E/PE) z uwzględnieniem aspektów bezpieczeństwa funkcjonalnego i zabezpieczeń (ochrony). Zadaniem rozwiązań bezpieczeństwa funkcjonalnego jest efektywne redukowanie ryzyka wychodząc z poziomu nieakceptowanego. Ryzyko jest definiowane jako kombinacja prawdopodobieństwa wystąpienia...
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The Current Use of Mass Spectrometry in Combination with Other Separation Techniques in Drug Discovery Arena
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Antibiotic prophylaxis in open inguinal hernia repair: a literature review and summary of current knowledge
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Evolutionary optimization of combinational digital circuits with current-mode gates with respect to transistor count
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono metodę ewolucyjnej minimalizacji liczby tranzystorów w cyfrowym układzie kombinacyjnym, zrealizownaym z wykorzystaniem bramek pracujących w trybie prądowym. W zastosowanym algorytmie ewolucyjnym zastosowano chromosomy o budowie wielowarstwowej, przez co zwiększono wydajność optymalizacji. Wyniki otrzymane z wykorzystaniem proponowanej metody zostały porównane z rezultatami osiągniętymi za pomocą map Karnough...
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3D Machine Vision System for Inspection of Contact Strips in Railway Vehicle Current Collectors
PublicationConstruction and technical condition of current collectors is crucial to reliability and safety of railway transportation. According to the Technical Specifications for Interoperability railway vehicles in the European Union should be equipped with carbon contact strips. Excessive wear or defects of contact strips degrade the capability of undisturbed power transmission, cause faster wear of contact wire, and can even result in...
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Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: Recent evolution and current trends
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The effect of the motor filters on earth fault current waveform in circuits with variable speed drives
PublicationIn circuits with variable speed drives distorted earth fault current flows. Earth fault current distortion influences the threshold of ventricular fibrillation. This paper presents earth fault current distortion in circuits with variable speed drives when motor filter is used. Two types of motor filter are analyzed. For every type of filter the effect of earth fault current distortion on ventricular fibrillation is evaluated.
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The adaptive backstepping control of PMSM supplied by current source inverter for the field weakening region
PublicationThe sensorless control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor PMSM supplied by current source inverter for field weakening operation is presented in this paper. The adaptive backstepping control system and the backstepping speed observer are presented. The control system is based on multi-scalar variables. The control variables are: dc-link voltage and the output current vector pulsation. The control system was named voltage...
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The effect of the motor filters on earth fault current waveform in circuits with variable speed drives
PublicationIn circuits with variable speed drives distorted earth fault current flows. Earth fault current distortion influences the threshold of ventricular fibrillation. This paper presents earth fault current distortion in circuits with variable speed drives when motor filter is used. Two types of motor filter are analyzed. For every type of filter the effect of earth fault current distortion on ventricular fibrillation is evaluated.
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How Important Is Research on Pollution Levels in Antarctica? Historical Approach, Difficulties and Current Trends
PublicationDespite the fact that Antarctica is a continent notably free from large negative impact of human activities, literature data can be the basis for concluding that this is not an area free from anthropogenic pollutants. Pollutants, which are identified in various elements of the environment of Antarctica, are mostly connected with long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT) and deposition in this area. The study presents: a historical...
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Current-based higher-order spectral covariance as a bearing diagnostic feature for induction motors
PublicationConducting the diagnosis of induction motors remotely by analyzing the supply current is an attractive prospect with the lack of access to the engine. Currently, there is no solution, based on analysis of the current, the credibility of which would allow its use in industry. The statistics of bearing failures in induction motors indicate that they constitute more than 40% of induction motor damage, therefore, bearing diagnosis...
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Multiple output second-generation current conveyor utilizing high frequency output stage
PublicationIn this paper a multiple output second-generation current conveyor (MOCCII) is presented. The main advantage of the proposed general circuit architecture over a typical structure, well known in the literature, is the use of a high passband multiple output current mplifier block instead of cascaded current mirrors. It gives similar frequency responses for all the outputs of the current conveyor and also maintains simplicity of the...
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Analysis of AC/DC/DC Converter Modules for Direct Current Fast-Charging Applications
PublicationThe paper is a comprehensive laboratory comparison study of two galvanic isolated solution off-board battery chargers: (1) Si-based cost-effective case, and (2) SiC-bidirectional ready for vehicle to grid concept case. All circuits are modular, and in both cases the DC/DC converter can be replaced according to the end user requirements (the coupled transformer remains the same and is constructed based on 12xC100 cores to avoid...
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Electrical safety in low-voltage DC microgrids with B-type residual current devices
PublicationResidual current devices (RCDs) are most popular devices used in low-voltage installations for protection against electric shock and fire. In cases of high risk of electric shock the application of RCDs is mandatory. Currently, the spread of local direct current (DC) microgrids is widely considered. This creates new challenges for protective systems, in particular those based on RCDs. The main purpose of the research is to test...
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Tripping of F-type RCDs for sinusoidal residual current with superimposed smooth DC component
PublicationRecent trends in green energy development make that photovoltaics and electric vehicles are applied on an increasing scale. In both photovoltaic and electric vehicle charging installations, a significant value of DC component of the earth fault current may appear, which is a challenge, in particular, for commonly used residual current devices (RCDs). This paper presents results of the laboratory test on the operation of F-type...
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Recycling of Waste Rubber by the Manufacturing of Foamed Polyurethane-Based Composites—Current State and Perspectives
PublicationWorn car tires are disruptive waste, and the issue of their management is crucial for the natural environment. In many countries, the primary method of end-of-life tires utilization is energy recovery. However, more effective and beneficial for the environment is material recycling. Using them for the production of polymer-rubber composites seems to be an auspicious direction of research. Incorporation of ground tire rubber into...
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Current Status, Barriers and Development Perspectives for Circular Bioeconomy in Polish South Baltic Area
PublicationThe following article presents the current legal situation in Poland as well as in the European Union. Data on biomass production in the Polish South Baltic area were analyzed, along with an indication of the key sectors for the development of bioeconomy. Presentation of the current state of biomass management was made and areas necessary for development were indicated to facilitate the sustainable management of biomass and waste...
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Potential applications of by-products from the coffee industry in polymer technology – Current state and perspectives
PublicationCoffee is one of the most popular beverages in the world, and its popularity is continuously growing, which can be expressed by almost doubling production over the last three decades. Cultivation, processing, roasting, and brewing coffee are known for many years. These processes generate significant amounts of by-products since coffee bean stands for around 50% of the coffee cherry. Therefore, considering the current pro-ecological...
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APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL FEATURES AND MULTILAYER NEURAL NETWORK TO AUTOMATIC DIAGNOSIS OF ARRHYTHMIA BY ECG SIGNALS
PublicationAbnormal electrical activity of heart can produce a cardiac arrhythmia. The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a non-invasive technique which is used as a diagnostic tool for cardiac diseases. Non-stationarity and irregu- larity of heartbeat signal imposes many difficulties to clinicians (e.g., in the case of myocardial infarction arrhythmia). Fortunately, signal processing algorithms can expose hidden information within ECG signal contaminated...
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Chromane helicity rule – scope and challenges based on an ECD study of various trolox derivatives
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Nowe algorytmy działania automatyki samoczynnego częstotliwościowego odciążania (SCO) w systemie elektroenergetycznym.
PublicationCelem pracy byłao opracowanie nowych algorytmów działania automatyki odciążającej pozbawionej wad stosowanego obecnie rozwiązania automatyki samoczynnego odciążania (SCO). Praca zawiera propozycje wymagających niewielkich zmian w stosowanym obecnie algorytmie przyczyniających się jednak do znacznej poprawy skuteczności odciążania oraz całkowicie nowatorskie rozwiązanie adaptacyjnego algorytmu automatyki odciążającej opartej na...
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Measurement of dynamic pulsations in bulk solid during silo discharging using ECT method
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów pulsacji materiału sypkiego pomieroznych z zastosowaniem metody pomiarowej ECT. Analizę dynamicznych zmian koncetracji przperowadzono dla podstawowych(surowych) danych pomiarowych oraz danych zrekonstruowanych
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Wyznaczanie gęstości opakowania materiału w silosie nan podstawie danych pomiarowych ECT
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono wyniki próby skorelowania zmian koncentracji materiału sypkiego ze wskaźnikiem porowatości. Analizę wykonano dla stanu spoczynkowego materiału sypkiego.
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Comparison of backscattered sea bottom echo modelling in the acoustic pressure domain and in the intensity domain
PublicationPrzedstawiono dwie metody modelowania rozpraszania wstecznego na dnie morskim: modelowania ciśnienia akustycznego opartego na aproksymacji Kirchhoffa oraz modelowania natężenia echa przy założeniu dominacji rozpraszania niekoherentnego. Porównano i przedyskutowano wyniki w odniesieniu do problemu poszukiwania jak najwłaściwszego opisu zjawiska rozpraszania sygnału akustycznego na dnie.
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ECT image analysis methods for shear zone measurements during silo discharging process
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów zmian koncentracji piasku bezkohezyjnego zachodzących w cylindrycznym modelu silosu opróżnianym grawitacyjnie, w którym występowały silne efekty dynamiczne. Pomiary wykonano z zastosowaniem tomografii pojemnościowej. Badania przeprowadzono dla zróżnicowanego zagęszczenia początkowego piasku oraz różnego stopnia szorstkości ścian. Szczegółowej analizie poddano zmianę koncentracji materiału sypkiego...
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Pomiar zjawisk dynamicznych wystęujących podczas opróznianai silosów przy zastosowaniu tomografii ECT
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów efektów dynamicznych wystepujacych podczas opróznianai silsoów uzyskane przy zastosowaniu Elektrycznej Tomografii Pojemnościowej. Analizę zmian koncentracji przepływu materiału sypkiego wykonano dla przepływu grawitacyjnego oraz przepływu kontrolowanego.
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Performance of Watermarking-based DTD Algorithm Under Time-varying Echo Path Conditions
PublicationA novel double-talk detection (DTD) algorithm based on techniques similar to those used for audio signal watermarking was introduced by the authors. The application of the described DTD algorithm within acoustic echo cancellation system is presented. The problem of DTD robustness to time-varying conditions of acoustic echo path is discussed and explanation as to why such conditions occur in practical situations is provided. The...