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Search results for: KERATIN HYDROLYSIS
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An optimal designed experiment for the alkaline hydrolysis of feather keratin
PublicationFeathers, burdensome waste from the poultry industry, can be a cheap source of keratin, a protein with excellent physico- chemical, biological, and mechanical properties. Acid and alkaline hydrolyses are usually adopted for isolation of keratin from its natural resources. This study aimed at assessing the statistically significant effect of input variables in the alkaline hydrolysis of keratin from chicken feathers on the process...
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Chicken feather keratin as a source of bioactive peptides useful in prevention of metabolic disorders – in silico and in vitro hydrolysis
PublicationProtein derived bioactive peptides not only serve as nutrients but can also exert drug-like activity, e.g. antidiabetic, antihypertensive, or antimicrobial, to name a few. Most biopeptides have beneficial effects on health that make them attractive for nutraceutical applications. The majority of bioactive peptides have been obtained from food proteins, but protein-rich by-products generated by agriculture...
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Keratin-Butyrate Scaffolds Promote Skin Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats Through Down-Regulation of IL-1β and Up-Regulation of Keratins 16 and 17
PublicationImpaired wound healing particularly in diabetics creates a significant healthcare burden. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of keratin-butyrate fibers (FKDP +0.1%NaBu) in a full-thickness skin wound model in 30 diabetic rats. Physicochemical examination showed that the obtained dressing possesses a heterogeneous structure and butyrate was slowly released into the wound. Moreover, the obtained dressing is nontoxic and supports...
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JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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The possibility of use keratin products in various branches of industry
PublicationBird's feather, the main by-product of the poultry industry, are not enough utilized and negatively influencing the environment. They contain large amount of keratin, the protein with high cystine content. The aim of our work was to obtain hydrolysates and isolates of keratin, which can be used in various areas of food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical industry and as animal feed. Keratin can be hydrolyzed and extracted from feather after...
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The Hydrolysis of Slowly Biodegradable Substrate in Activated Sludge
PublicationIn a present work a novel procedure, based on the standard batch tests and pretreatment of wastewater sample with coagulation-flocculation method, was proposed to evaluate the effects of hydrolysis of slowly biodegradable substrate (Xs) on biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes in activated sludge systems. The study was conducted at two large BNR wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in northern Poland: "Wschod" in Gdansk and...
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Alternative Methods of Preparation of Soluble Keratin from Chicken Feathers
PublicationHuge amount of keratinous waste, especially birds’ feathers, demands more value-added application instead of dumping. The present work reports the results of experiments aimed at preparing soluble keratin useful for novel bioproduct formation. The effect of thermo-chemical treatments with various reducing agents, i.e. 2-mercaptoethanol, dithiothreitol, sodium m-bisulphite, and sodium bisulphite, as well as sodium hydroxide, on...
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Solubilization of keratins and functional properties of their isolates and hydrolysates
PublicationThe keratinous wastes of the textile industry and poultry slaughterhouses may be used as sources of soluble keratins or hydrolysates. This review presents methods for processing raw keratin-based materials into bioproducts with functional and bioactive properties suitable for biomedical, cosmetic, food, and agricultural applications. Soluble keratin can be obtained by thermal treatment in some organic solvents, reduction, or oxidation...
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Effect of transglutaminase and EDC on biodegradation of fish gelatin and gelatin-chitosan films
PublicationCelem pracy było zbadanie podatności usieciowanych folii opakowaniowych z naturalnych polimerów na enzymatyczną hydrolizę. Niemodyfikowane folie żelatynowe były całkowicie hydrolizowane przez pepsynę i proteinazę N oraz w 60% przez pepsynę. Sieciowania przy użyciu transglutaminazy lub EDC zmiejszyło podatność folii na hydrolizę tylko przez pepsynę. Obecność chitozanu w dwuskładnikowych foliach modyfkownych EDC zmniejszyła stopień...
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Gelatin and gelatin/starch-based films modified with sorbitol for wound healing
PublicationGelatin-based films modified with sorbitol were produced from gelatin solution or gelatin/starch blends using a simple and low-cost solvent casting method, and subsequently, their physicochemical, mechanical, and biocompatibility properties were characterized. This work focused on developing and optimizing a biopolymeric blend to improve the pure biopolymers’ properties for potential biomedical applications such as wound dressing....
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Beta-blockers in the environment: Part I. Mobility and hydrolysis study
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Pyrolysis as an alternative for combustion of waste
PublicationProces pirolizy polega na rozkładzie materii organicznej w podwyższonej temperaturze w warunkach beztlenowych, dlatego może być on stosowany jako alternatywa lub uzupełnienie dla procesu spalania. Piroliza pozwala na uzyskanie substancji chemicznych z polimerów naturalnych i syntetycznych. W umiarkowanej temperaturze (300 - 500 ° C), można uzyskać wysokiej wydajności frakcji ciekłej, natomiast wysokie temperatury sprzyjają powstawaniu...
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Carboxymethyl cellulose–gelatin complexes
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Membrane Filtration-Assisted Enzymatic Hydrolysis Affects the Biological Activity of Potato Juice
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Beta-Galactosidases of Pseudoalteromonas sp. – Characteristics and application for lactose hydrolysis and galactopyranosides synthesis
PublicationBeta-galactosidase [EC 3.2.1.23] is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of O-glycosidic linkages in galactosides. It has biotechnological applications in the dairy industry for the production of milk with a low content of lactose and galactooligosacharides for use in healthy food. The transgalactosylation activity of beta-galactosidase can be used in the synthesis of alkyl galactopyranosides. Due to the fact that conditions of...
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A review on gasification and pyrolysis of waste plastics
PublicationGasification and pyrolysis are thermal processes for converting carbonaceous substances into tar, ash, coke, char, and gas. Pyrolysis produces products such as char, tar, and gas, while gasification transforms carbon-containing products (e.g., the products from pyrolysis) into a primarily gaseous product. The composition of the products and their relative quantities are highly dependent on the configuration of the overall process...
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Pyrolysis of poly(2-propylheptyl acrylate)
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Waste Tyres Pyrolysis for Obtaining Limonene
PublicationThis review deals with the technologies of limonene production from waste tyre pyrolysis. Thermal decomposition is attractive for tackling the waste tyre disposal problem, as it enables both: energy to be recovered and limonene to be obtained. This material management recycling of tyres is environmentally more beneficial than the burning of all valuable products, including limonene. Given this recoverability of materials from waste...
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Cuticle hydrolysis in four medically important fly species by enzymes of the entomopathogenic fungusConidiobolus coronatus
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Mechanistic studies of the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl sulfate catalyzed by arylsulfatase from Helix pomatia
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Properties of retrograded and acetylated starch produced via starch extrusion or starch hydrolysis with pullulanase
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Optimization of Saccharification Conditions of Lignocellulosic Biomass under Alkaline Pre-Treatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis
PublicationPre-treatment is a significant step in the production of second-generation biofuels from waste lignocellulosic materials. Obtaining biofuels as a result of fermentation processes requires appropriate pre-treatment conditions ensuring the highest possible degree of saccharification of the feed material. An influence of the following process parameters were investigated for alkaline pre-treatment of Salix viminalis L.: catalyst concentration...
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Hydrogen Production from Energy Poplar Preceded by MEA Pre-Treatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis
PublicationThe need to pre-treat lignocellulosic biomass prior to dark fermentation results primarily from the composition of lignocellulose because lignin hinders the processing of hard wood towards useful products. Hence, in this work a two-step approach for the pre-treatment of energy poplar, including alkaline pre-treatment and enzymatic saccharification followed by fermentation has been studied. Monoethanolamine (MEA) was used as the...
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Gelatin-Modified Polyurethanes for Soft Tissue Scaffold
PublicationRecently, in the field of biomaterials, which are being designed for soft tissue scaffolding, is growing the interest of their modification with natural polymers. Synthetic polymers are often hard, not easy to process and they do not possess fine biodegradable profile. From the other hand natural polymers are biocompatible, but weak when used alone. The combination of natural and synthetic polymers gives the suitable properties...
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Biotechnologiczne przetwarzanie keratyny oraz jej wykorzystanie
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono metody przetwarzania pierza obejmujące procesy hydrolizy enzymatycznej. Uciążliwy produkt uboczny przemysłu drobiarskiego może być zastosowany do produkcji biokompozytów, biomateriałów, jako nawóz organiczny oraz pasza dla zwierząt.
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Effect of transglutaminase on the solubility of chitosan-gelatin films
PublicationCelem pracy było zmniejszenie rozpuszczalności folii chitozanowo-żelatynowych w środowisku wodnym o różnym pH, poprzez usieciowanie składników przy użyciu transglutaminazy. Niemodyfikowane enzymatycznie folie rozpuszczały się w temperaturze pokojowej w 86 i 64% odpowiednio w buforze o pH 3 i 6. Ich rozpuszczalność została ograniczona do 19-23% po usieciowaniu polimerów enzymem w stężeniu 0.2mg/ml filmotwórczego roztworu. Enzymatycznie...
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Modeling hydrolysis of slowly biodegradable organic compounds in biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems
PublicationHydrolysis is an important process in biological wastewater treatment and is known to be the ratelimiting step in organic carbon removal from municipal or industrial wastewater. The influence of the readily biodegradable chemical oxygen demand fraction in biological wastewater treatment systems has been extensively investigated, but little is known about the effects of slowly biodegradable substrate (XS) on denitrification and...
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Modeling hydrolysis of slowly biodegradable organic compounds in biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems
PublicationHydrolysis is an important process in biological wastewater treatment and has been known as the rate limiting step in organic carbon removal from municipal or industrial wastewater. The biodegradation of XS is initiated by hydrolysis which is an integral part of activated sludge models, such as the Activated Sludge Model no. 2d (ASM2d). The aim of this study was to evaluate different concepts of modeling the hydrolysis process...
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Peptidoglycan hydrolases - potential weapons against Staphylococcus aureus
PublicationBacteria of the genus Staphylococcus are common pathogens responsible for a broad spectrum of human and animal infections and belong to most important etiological factors causing food poisoning. Because of rapid increase in prevalence of isolation of staphylococci resistant to many antibiotics, there is an urgent need for development of new alternative chemotherapeutics. A number of studies have recently demonstrated the strong...
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Keratin 7 expression in lymph node metastases but not in the primary tumour correlates with distant metastases and poor prognosis in colon carcinoma
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Immobilized preparation of cold-adapted and halotolerant Antarctic β-galactosidase as a highly stable catalyst in lactose hydrolysis
PublicationZimnolubna rekombinowana beta-galaktozydaza antarktycznej morskiej bakterii Pseudoalteromonas sp. 22b została immobilizowana na chitozanie za pomocą aldehydu glutarowego. Preparat immobilizowanego enzymu w przeciwieństwie do preparatu enzymu w buforze reakcyjnym nie był inhibowany przez glukozę. Immobilizacja enzymu wpłynęła na podwyższenie o 10°C optymalnej temperatury aktywności względem jego nieimmobilizowanego odpowiednika...
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Estimation and modeling hydrolysis of slowly biodegradable substrate based on the batch respirometric tests in activated sludge systems
PublicationNowadays, appropriate determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) fractionation together with degradation kinetics of organic compounds have a prime importance on the design and operation of activated sludge systems. Batch respirometric tests based on the oxygen uptake rates (OUR) and corresponding COD is accepted method to reflect the consumption of biodegradable substrates. The influence of the readily biodegradable (Ss) fraction...
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Oxide Layers Fabricated by Spray Pyrolysis on Metallic Surfaces
Publicationw pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad opracowaniem optymalnych warunków przygotowania warstwy stabilizowanego itrem cyrkonu jako prekursora na stali 316L jako podłoża za pomocą pirolizy aerozolowej.
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Identification of acrylate copolymers using pyrolysis and gas chromatography
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Waste Rubber Pyrolysis: Product Yields and Limonene Concentration
PublicationTires, conveyor belts, floor mats, and shoe soles form a main-stream of rubber waste. The amount of these used materials continuously increases due to development of the rubber market. Therefore, pro-ecological utilization (i.e., energy recycling instead of burning) and recovering valuable and recyclable materials becomes an urgent necessity. In this regard, this work was devoted to the chemical recycling of selected used rubber...
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Three phase transient model of wet coal pyrolysis
PublicationA one-dimensional transient mathematical model was developed to describe the thermal and flow phenomena during coal pyrolysis in a coke oven. The model was solved numerically using partly implicit methods for gas flow and heat transfer problems. It was successfully validated with industrial-scale measurements of temperature change in the middle-plane of the coke oven chamber. The evolution of temperature and pressure, distributions...
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Thermogravimetric analysis/ pyrolysis of used tyres and waste rubber
PublicationThe process of pyrolysis is investigated in this paper. The pyrolysis results of two samples: waste tyres and rubber at different heating rates (10, 20, 50 K/min), were compared. In other experiments the degradation of two pyrolysis products, char and oil was examined. The kinetic study using the thermogravimetry equipment (TG) was done, which allowed determination of the kinetic mechanism of the process. The elemental analysis...
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Designing control strategies of aeration system in biological WWTP
PublicationThe paper presents the complete design processes of a novel aeration control systems in the SBR (Sequencing Batch Reactor) wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Due to large energy expense and high influence on biological processes, the aeration system plays a key role in WWTP operation. The paper considers the aeration system for a biological WWTP located in the northeast of Poland. This system consists of blowers, the main collector...
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The effect of transglutaminase on the properties of salmon skin-gelatin films
PublicationCelem pracy była enzymatyczna modyfikacja folii otrzymanych z żelatyny rybnej. Źródłem żelatyny były surowe i wędzone skóry łososia. Stwierdzono, że czas żelowania roztworu żelatyny ulegał skróceniu w obecności transglutaminazy w badanym zakresie 0,1-0,2 mg/ml. Enzymatyczne modyfikacje prowadziły do obniżenia rozpuszczalności folii, jednakże w różnym stopniu zależnym od źródła białka. Obecność DTT lub cysteiny w mieszaninie reakcyjnej...
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Solid and liquid fractionation of sugarcane and Agave bagasse during ozonolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis: Impact on biohydrogen and biogas production
PublicationSustainable and cost-efficient lignocellulosic biomass-to-energy bioprocesses require assessing the main components released during biomass fractionation. This study assessed the mesophilic biochemical potential of biohydrogen (BHP) and methane production (BMP) from sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and cooked (CAB) and uncooked (UAB) Agave bagasse. A systematic comparative analysis was performed for the liquid and solid fractions derived...
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M-BDC (M = Co and/ or Fe) MOFs as effective catalysts for hydrogen generation via hydrolysis of sodium borohydride
PublicationMono- (Co-BDC, Fe-BDC) and bimetallic FeCo-BDC Metal-Organic Frameworks are successfully synthesized by the solvothermal method in DMF at 150 °C within 15 h and tested as catalysts for sodium borohydride hydrolysis. The materials are characterized by FTIR, PXRD, TGA, ICP-OES, H2-TPR, BET model, and SEM-EDS. The catalytic activity of these materials is studied for dehydrogenation of sodium borohydride in water at various temperatures...
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CGO FILMS ON YSZ ELECTROLYTE FABRICATED BY SPRAY PYROLYSIS FOR SOFC
PublicationINTRODUCTION Solid oxide fuel cells are one of the fastest developing energy converters. The advancement introduced by research community provides steady state progress is stability and performance of the fuel cells. Significant influence on the cell’s performance and stability is related to cell design. The simplest design just consists of an anode, a solid electrolyte and a cathode. However, in order to improve the properties,...
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YSZ Thin film deposited on porous substrate by spray pyrolysis
PublicationIn this work the results of deposition of YSZ layer on a porous substrate using an ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis are presented.
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Pyrolysis Process of Whole Waste Tires as a Biomass Energy Recycling
PublicationThe article is devoted to the description of material recycling of whole waste tires, including a new method of pyrolysis process, resulting in the final products: technically oil fractions (rubber plasticizer of rubber compounds) or diesel fuels (light, medium and heavy), activated carbon, gas fuel and steel scrap. Operational and performance tests of the first version of the pilot plant, consisting of three contributions cooperating...
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Antibacterial activity of gelatin-based films incorporated with chitosan or silver
PublicationFolie żelatynowe z dodatkiem srebra jonowego powodowały redukcję komórek Escherichia coli i Staphylococcus aureus o 90% pod powierzchnią folii. Nie obserwowano natomiast strefy zahamowania wzrostu dookoła krążków folii. W przypadku filmów chitozanowych lub żelatynowo-chitozanowych ich przeciwdrobnoustrojowa aktywność zależała od stopnia deacetylacji chitozanu.
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On a Certain Research Gap in Big Data Mining for Customer Insights
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Certain family of analytical solutions of nonlinear von Neumann equations
PublicationIn this paper we present a slight generalization of certain type of Darboux transformation, that may be used sub-sequently in a convenient way. This method allows to obtain families of solutions of nonlinear von Neumann equations, that are used in particular in DNA modeling.
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Chitosan, Collagen and Gelatin in the design of novel materials with antimicrobial acticity
PublicationMedical devices containing and releasing antiinfective agents directly on the site of injury are a common group of materials available and widely used in treating difficult to heal wounds. Sustained contact of the active agent to the damaged tissue, needed to inhibit infection and preservation of microbiological purity of the wound, is provided by the immobilization antimicrobial agents on the surface of the matrix material or...
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Maxillary sinus aeration analysis using computational fluid dynamics
PublicationThe maxillary sinus aeration using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method based on individual adult patients’ computed tomography (CT) scans were analyzed. The analysis was based on CT images of 4 patients: one with normal nose anatomy and three with nasal septal deviation (NSD) and concha bullosa (CB). The CFD simulation was performed using the Reynolds-Average Simulation approach and turbulence closure based on linear...
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Modelling of Different Aeration Modes Influencing Processes in SBR Bioreactor
PublicationCurrently, computer modelling together with the simulation tools tailored for that purpose constitute a very important element in planning technological changes within wastewater treatment plant. From the point of view of the WWTP operator every modification should be introduced in order to improve the quality of treated sewage with the lowest financial outlays. These requirements can be met by using computer programmes to effectuate...