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Search results for: wastewater treatment plant, energy neutrality, energy conservative measures, energy recovery, renewable energy, efficiency
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Modern design solutions of cooling systems, as an example of energy efficiency rationing, operational safety and environmental protection
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Assessment of the impact of jet impingement technique on the energy efficiency of air-cooled BIPV/T roof tile
PublicationThe paper concerns a numerical analysis of cooling of the hybrid photovoltaic (PV) modules dedicated to Building-Integrated Photovoltaic/Thermal (BIPV/T) systems. Attention was focused on the photovoltaic roof tiles, using a jet impingement technique, in which the intensification of heat transfer is ensured by streams of air hitting the heat exchange partition. A series of numerical simulations were carried out to assess an influence...
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Własności kwantowe przemian energetycznych zachodzących w silnikach o zapłonie samoczynnym = Quantum properties of energy transformation in diesel engines
PublicationW pracy uzasadniono, że w badaniach własności energetycznych silników spalinowych o zapłonie samoczynnym należy uwzględnić istniejącą w ich eksploatacji przypadkowość i nieprzewidywalność zdarzeń. Nawiązano do osiągnięć mechaniki kwantowej wskazując na wynikający z nich postulat, że wielkości nazywane komplementarnymi, mają istotną własność, która polega na tym, że niemożliwy jest jednoczesny i zarazem dokładny pomiar ich wartości....
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A white phosphor based on oxyfluoride nano-glass-ceramics co-doped with Eu3+ and Tb3+: Energy transfer study
PublicationStrontium fluoride nanocrystals doped separately with Ln3+ = Eu3+ or Tb3+ ions (95SrF2·5LnF2), as well as co-doped with both the ions (95SrF2·Eu4Tb) were synthesized for comparison. Then, glass-ceramics consisting of the mono-doped or di-doped SrF2 nanocrystals incorporated into amorphous silica (90SiO2·9.5SrF2·0.5Ln or 90SiO2·9.5SrF2·0.1EuF3·0.4Tb) were prepared by sol-gel procedure. The studied materials were characterized by...
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Analysis of the selection of low temperature medium for a turbine power plant using ocean thermal energy (OTEC)
PublicationThe paper presents the results and conclusions of numerical calculations modelled in the EES program of a closed OTEC cycle. The following mediums were analysed: ammonia, R32, R41, R404a, R407c, R410a, R423a, R500, R502, R507a and R114, R152a, R234fa, R600, R1234yf, R1234ze. Analogous assumptions were adopted as in the ORC cycle with heat regeneration for dry refrigerants without regeneration for wet refrigerants. Each of them...
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Analysis of the selection of low-temperature medium for a turbine power plant using ocean thermal energy (OTEC)
PublicationThe paper presents the results and conclusions of numerical calculations modelled in the EES program of a closed OTEC cycle. The following mediums were analysed: ammonia, R32, R41, R404a, R407c, R410a, R423a, R500, R502, R507a and R114, R152a, R234fa, R600, R1234yf, R1234ze. Analogous assumptions were adopted as in the ORC cycle with heat regeneration for dry refrigerants without regeneration for wet refrigerants. Each of them...
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Efficiency of Wastewater Treatment in Single-Family Constructed Wetlands in Kaszuby Lake District
PublicationIn the paper results of investigation upon three different configurations of single family treatment wetlands were presented. It was indicated that the application of treatment wetlands for single family effluent is a effective and sustainable solution for wastewater treatment in the rural areas. In spite of the receiving higher concentration of pollutants in comparison to the TWs operated in Europe and USA analysed TWs ensure...
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Hybrid systems using hydrodynamic cavitation/ultrasound/Fenton processes for effective treatment of wastewater
PublicationThe present situation of rapid growth in industrialization generates complex recalcitrant pollutants that are challenging to degrade by conventional wastewater treatment processes. The new generation pollutants such as non-metals in cosmetics or household cleaning chemicals and radioactive compounds which are recalcitrant are the emerging threat to the ecosystem. The headstrong micro and macro pollutants present in wastewater are...
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Diversity of fecal coliforms and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in wastewater treatment model plant.
PublicationThe occurrence of resistance patterns among wastewater fecal coliforms was determined in the study. Susceptibility of the isolates was tested against 19 antimicrobial agents: aminoglycosides, aztreonam, carbapenems, cephalosporines, b-lactam/b-lactamase inhibitors, penicillines, tetracycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and fluoroquinolones. Additionally the removal of resistant isolates was evaluated in the laboratory-scale...
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Double-diffusive natural convection energy transfer in magnetically influenced Casson fluid flow in trapezoidal enclosure with fillets
PublicationThe prime motive of this disquisition is to deal with mathematical analysis of natural convection energy transport driven by combined buoyancy effects of thermal and solutal diffusion in a trapezoidal enclosure. Casson fluid rheological constitutive model depicting attributes of viscoelastic liquids is envisioned. The influence of the inclined magnetic field governed by Lorentz field law is also considered. To raise the essence...
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Elastic electron scattering and vibrational excitation of isoxazole molecules in the energy range from 2 to 20 eV
PublicationDifferential cross sections for elastic electron scattering and the excitation of the C-H vibrational modes of isoxazole molecules were measured in the energy range from 2 to 20 eV and over the scattering angle range from 10◦ to 180◦. The cross sections at the scattering angles of and above 90◦ were accessible with the use of a magnetic angle changer. The differential cross sections were integrated to yield integral and momentum...
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Economic conditions for the development of energy efficient civil engineering using RES in the policy of cohesion of the European Union (2014–2020). Case study: The town of Zielona Gora
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A study of the photoelectron spectra of α-tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol over the outer valence energy region (9–25 eV)
PublicationPhotoelectron spectra of α-tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) molecules, the threshold spectrum and spectra for constant photoelectron energies, have been measured over the photon energy range 9–25 eV. Analysis of the photoelectron spectra has allowed overlapping photoionization bands to be separated, tentatively assigned and their vertical photoionization energies to be determined. These energies are compared with existing theoretical...
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The Effect of Sterols on Amphotericin B Self-Aggregation in a Lipid Bilayer as Revealed by Free Energy Simulations
PublicationAmphotericin B (AmB) is an effective but toxic antifungal drug, known to increase the permeability of the cell membrane, presumably by assembling into transmembrane pores in a sterol-dependent manner. The aggregation of AmB molecules in a phospholipid bilayer is, thus, crucial for the drug’s activity. To provide an insight into the molecular nature of this process, here, we report an atomistic molecular dynamics simulation study...
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PHOTON LUMINESCENCE STUDIES OF TETRAHYDROFURAN FOLLOWING TRIHYDROGEN CATIONS IMPACT IN THE 20–1000 EV ENERGY RANGE
PublicationPhoton emission arising during tetrahydrofuran (C4H8O, THF) fragmentation initiated by H3 + ion impact has been studied experimentally. Luminescence fragmentation spectra and the relative emission cross-sections of the excited fragments have been measured using collision-induced emission spectroscopy in the 20–1000 eV energy range. The main features in the spectra are the H Balmer series lines, whose intensities decrease with increasing...
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Analysis of electrical energy consumption on the example of a selected building
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The laws of thermodynamics: entropy, free energy, information and complexity
PublicationW rozdziale przedstawiono podstawowe Zasady Termodynamiki. Omówiono zagadnienia związane z pojęciem entropii, energii Gibbsa, egzergii oraz systemami złożonymi.
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EVALUATION OF THE ENERGY SECURITY AS A COMPONENT OF NATIONAL SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY
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Low-Energy Tautomers and Conformers of Neutral and Protonated Arginine
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Intrinsic energy resolution and light yield nonproportionality of BGO
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A high-energy resolution observed from a YAP:Ce scintillator
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Artificial Intelligence for Energy Processes and Systems: Applications and Perspectives
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Energy Versus Throughput Optimisation for Machine-to-Machine Communication
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Energy-Optimal Data Aggregation and Dissemination for the Internet of Things
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Energy Management in an Islanded Microgrid: A Consensus Theory Approach
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Analysis of spontaneous electrochemical oscillations by energy distribution technique
PublicationAnaliza niestacjonarnych oscylacji elektrochemicznych wskazuje na konieczność stosowania technik umożliwiających śledzenie zmian w czasie takich parametrów oscylacji jak częstotliwość, amplituda, pasmo częstotliwościowe. Algorytm prowadzący do uzyskania tych parametrów może być oparty o jeden z liniowych lub kwadratowych sposobów przedstawienia rejestru oscylacji w dziedzinie czasu i częstotliwości. W pracy autorzy przedstawiają...
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Excitation energy migration in uniaxially oriented polymer films.
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki pomiarów i symulacji Monte Carlo anizotropii emisji dla procesu bezpromienistego transportu energii w orientowanych osiowo foliach polimerowych. Badany układ stanowiły molekuły DTCI (3,3´-diethylthiacarbocyamine iodine) umieszczony w folii PVA (poliwinyl). Za przestrzenny rozkład orientacji dipoli emisji molekuł w symulacjach Monte Carlo przyjęto rozkład Tanizaki.
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Discrepancies of energy values in dynamics of three intersecting plates
PublicationW pracy analizuje się lot konstrukcji powłokowej złożonej z trzech przecinających się powłok. Obciążeniem jest przestrzenny układ sił o zadanym trójkątnym przebiegu w czasie. Po ustaniu obciążenia powłoka doświadcza swobodnego lotu. Celem pracy jest dyskusja różnic wartości energii całkowitej układu w locie swobodnym jakie znane są w literaturze przedmiotu. W pracy przedstawiono także przykład weryfikujący zastosowane algorytmy...
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Quantitative interpretation of energy-based systems and index of their reliability
PublicationW artykule zaproponowano interpretację wartościującą działania, które rozumiane jest jako wielkość fizyczna o jednostce miary zwanej dżulosekundą. Przedstawiono oryginalną metodę analizy i oceny tak rozumianego działania dowolnego systemu energetycznego z uwzględnieniem jego niezawodności i bezpieczeństwa. Do uzasadnienia przydatności tak interpretowanego działania zastosowano jednorodny proces Poissona. Proces ten umożliwił skonstruowanie...
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The energy test ''100 fishing deys'' of a Baltic cutter
PublicationReferat prezentuje oryginalną koncepcję testu energetycznego podczas nieprzerwanej eksploatacji kutra bałtyckiego w przeciągu 100 dni "pracy na łowisku". Test zapewni wyznaczenie na drodze obliczeniowej ilości zużytego paliwa i sprawności eksploatacyjnej układu energetycznego. Podane modele obliczeniowe uwzględniają rzeczywiste rozwiązania układów energetycznych i układów połowowych oraz warunki pracy jednostek a także wartości...
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Forster energy transfer from nonexponentially decaying donors
PublicationPrzedyskutowano niezbędne modyfikacje stałej szybkości transferu foersterowskiego w sytuacji, kiedy zanik fluorescencji donora w nieobecności akceptora jest nieeksponencjalny. Stwierdzono, że najbardziej przydatna modyfikacja wynika założenia jednakowej wartości stałej zaniku radiacyjego dla wszystkich molekuł donora.
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Photovoltaic solar energy development in the Baltic Sea Region
PublicationInformacje zawarte w tym artykule odzwierciedlają różnorodność rozwoju technologii fotowoltaicznych i różnorodność etapów realizacji PV przez kraje regionu Morza Bałtyckiego (Dania, Finlandia, Niemcy, Łotwa, Litwa, Szwecja, Polska, Estonia).
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Solid oxide fuel cells for distributed energy generation
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono zasadę działania tlenkowego ogniwa paliwowego. Zaprezentowano wybrane problemy oraz rozwiązania technologiczne.
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Quantum issues in diagnostics of marine energy machines and devices
PublicationW artykule podjęto zagadnienie możliwości uwzględniania części dorobku mechaniki kwantowej w diagnostyce okrętowych urządzeń energetycznych. Wykazano, że są zbieżne spostrzeżenia mechaniki kwantoweji diagnostyki technicznej uzyskane w obszarze wiedzy z zakresu badań empirycznych. Uzasadniono konieczność wykonywania podczas badań empirycznych, nie tylko rachunku błędów, lecz także określania niedokładności wyników badań (pomiarów)...
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Systems for storing and reducing energy consumption in residential buildings
PublicationW pracy przeprowadzany został przegląd różnych koncepcji magazynów energii cieplnej zintegrowanych z budynkiem mieszkalnym. Przedstawione zostały warianty różniące się między sobą pod względem kształtu, rozmiaru, wypełnienia, sposobu instalacji itp. Opisany został sposób zintegrowania systemów magazynujących z odnawialnymi źródłami energii. Następnie wskazane zostały inne rozwiązania projektowe umożliwiające redukcję zapotrzebowania...
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Dissociation of 2-oxopropanoic acid by low energy electrons
PublicationElectron attachment to molecular target can lead to a variety of negative fragment ions. We experimentally probe the main dissociative electron attachment (DEA) channels in 2-oxopropanoic acid (CH3 - CO - COOH) - an important trace component in the Earth's atmosphere. In our studies we utilise nearly mono-energetic electrons at electron energies from 0 eV up to 15 eV.
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Residual current devices in installations with PV energy sources
PublicationThe paper presents the principles of residual current devices (RCDs) application in photovoltaic (PV) installations. Provisions of standards in this regard are commented on, in particular, attention is drawn to the lack of obligation to use of RCDs in PV installations. The issue of the shape of the earth fault current and the level of leakage currents in such installations are discussed. These factors influence the selection of...
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On energy-conserving algorithms in the context of rigid body dynamics.
PublicationPraca dotyczy dynamiki ciała sztywnego. Opracowanie teoretyczne wsparte jest przykładami numerycznymi. Głównym celem artykułu jest opracowanie i analiza algorytmu zachowującego energię, który umożliwia całkowanie równań ruchu ciała sztywnego sformułowanego z uwzględnieniem grupy obrotów SO(3) w definicji jego przestrzeni konfiguracyjnej.
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The method of measuring the energy pass-band of a communication receiver
PublicationPrzedstawiono metodę wyznaczania energetycznego pasma odbiornika radiokomunikacyjnego na podstawie charakterystyki gęstości widmowej mocy szumów własnych na wyjściu odbiornika. Podano numeryczny estymator tego pasma. Wyprowadzono zależności na złożoną niepewność standardową wyznaczania szerokości pasma energetycznego odbiornika.
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Modelling, thermography and digital processing of energy conversion processes
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono zagadnienia modelowania fizycznego i numerycznego procesów wymiany ciepła i konwersji energii. Do analizy wymiany ciepła w przestrzeni wypełnionej płynem zastosowano termografie krystaliczne i komputerowy system analizy otrzymanych laserowych obrazów. Wykonano również termogramy powierzchni pokrytych także ciekłokrystaliczniei jako przykład przeanalizowano rozkład temperatury na powierzchniach ciał stałych...
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Multiregional PI control strategy for dissolved oxygen and aeration system control at biological wastewater treatment plant
PublicationThe dissolved oxygen is a key parameter for biological processes at wastewater treatment plant. The dissolved oxygen tracking problem is one of the most complex and fundamental issue of biological processes. The paper proposes a new multiregional control strategy for dissolved oxygen tracking problem. The aeration system is included in overall control structure. The control mechanism within the operating point area is based on...
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Cavitation-Based Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment
PublicationCavitation based on advanced oxidation processes (Cav-AOPs) is interesting alternatives for already implemented wastewater treatment technologies. Destructive and strongly undesirable phenomena in the industry, i.e., cavitation, revealed to be useful in a positive manner as a source of energy for chemical reactions. During the implosion of cavitation bubbles, focused energy and resulting high temperature and pressure allows to...
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Differences between selected volatile aromatic compound concentrations in sludge samples in various steps of wastewater treatment plant operations
PublicationSewage sludge, one of the main wastes generated during wastewater treatment, constitutes an important source of emissions of volatile chemical compounds such as volatile aromatic compounds These substances may undergo various changes as a result of operations and unit processes, which affects their concentrations in sewage sludge. An important factor determining the potential hazardousness of volatile organic compounds is the quality...
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The Concept of Construction of Hybrid Constructed Wetland for Wastewater Treatment in Roztocze National Park
PublicationRoztocze National Park (RNP) is one of 23 national parks in Poland. It was created in 1974 both to protect the natural and cultural heritage as well as to share the park area for science, education and tourism. In caring for the environment, the park removed asbestos coverage, performs thermo-modernization using renewable energy sources by the installation of solar panels and photovoltaic cells on the roofs of buildings, and pellet...
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Sewage sludge co-pyrolysis with agricultural/forest residues: A comparative life-cycle assessment
PublicationThis study aims to determine the sustainability and energy efficiency of co-pyrolysis scenarios as treatment processes for municipal sewage sludge through a life cycle assessment (LCA). In addition, sensitivity and energy recovery analyses are conducted to determine the possible methods for optimizing the co-pyrolysis process from a circular bioeconomy perspective. Corncob and wood residue have been selected as potential co-feed...
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The phenomenon of increasing capacitance induced by 1T/2H-MoS2 surface modification with Pt particles – Influence on composition and energy storage mechanism
PublicationIn this paper, several approaches to the synthesis of molybdenum-based electrode materials for supercapacitors are presented, including anodization, hydrothermal process and annealing. For the material prepared via anodization of a molybdenum plate, followed by a hydrothermal process in thiourea aqueous solution, a thorough study of the Pt-surface modification through repetitive cycling in 1 M sulfuric acid with Pt acting as a...
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Towards large-scale application of nanoporous materials in membranes for separation of energy-relevant gas mixtures
PublicationMembranes containing nanoporous materials (such as zeolites, metal–organic materials and 2D materials such as graphene derivatives) may allow more efficient separation of gas mixtures relevant to emerging energy technologies. For example, such membranes could be applied in the separation of gases containing mixtures of carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2). However, these membranes are currently at a relatively low technology...
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Heat transfer enhancement of modular thermal energy storage unit for reversible heat pump cooperation
PublicationThe following article presents experimental comparison research on a hexagonal shelland-tube latent thermal energy storage (TES). Such shape of a shell was deliberately chosen instead of a cylindrical one due to its high modularity and with intent for future applications in automobiles (EV and PHEV) air conditioning systems (HVAC). Two geometries of helical coils, acting as tubes, were studied in this article. One was a simple...
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Selected Problems of Cogeneration Energy Systems Designing, Fueled with Landfill Biogas
PublicationThe article discusses the impact of the quality of biogas fuel for operation of generating sets with internal combustion engines. There are presented selected investigation results of landfill biogas fueled gensets operation. The article includes also discussion of the possibility of increasing the efficiency of biogas fuelled cogeneration systems. It also presents guidelines for the optimal design of landfill biogas fueled engines,...
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Modelling of wastewater treatment plant for monitoring and control purposes by state - space wavelet networks
PublicationMost of industrial processes are nonlinear, not stationary, and dynamical with at least few different time scales in their internal dynamics and hardly measured states. A biological wastewater treatment plant falls into this category. The paper considers modelling such processes for monitorning and control purposes by using State - Space Wavelet Neural Networks (SSWN). The modelling method is illustrated based on bioreactors of...