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Search results for: measurement systems
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Dynamic mass measurement in checkweighers using a discrete time-variant low-pass filter
PublicationConveyor belt type checkweighers are complex mechanical systems consisting of a weighing sensor (strain gauge load cell, electrodynamically compensated load cell), packages (of different shapes, made of different materials) and a transport system (motors, gears, rollers). Disturbances generated by the vibrating parts of such a system are reflected in the signal power spectra in a form of strong spectral peaks, located usually in...
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Evaluation of applicability of classic methods of a fault loop impedance measurement to circuits with residual current devices
PublicationMeasurement of fault loop impedance in low voltage grids and systems is in most cases performed to verify the effectiveness of protection against electric shock by automatic disconnection of supply. For the sake of measurement accuracy, it is advisable to perform it using large current. Unfortunately, in circuits with residual current devices which are very widely used nowadays, a large measurement current may trigger those devices...
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Miniaturized Passive Emission Chambers for In Situ Measurement of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds
PublicationThe results of many different studies have demonstrated unequivocally that the quality of indoor air is often much worse than that of atmospheric air. The presence of dangerous chemical compounds in indoor air can have an adverse impact on human health and cause numerous diseases of the respiratory and circulatory systems. Such harmful chemicals get into indoor air as a result of their emission from building and indoor materials....
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Quantum Steering Inequality with Tolerance for Measurement-Setting Errors: Experimentally Feasible Signature of Unbounded Violation
Publicationuantum steering is a relatively simple test for proving that the values of quantum-mechanical measurement outcomes come into being only in the act of measurement. By exploiting quantum correlations, Alice can influence — steer — Bob ’ s physical system in a way that is impossible in classical mechanics, as shown by the violation of steering inequalities. Demonstrating this and similar quantum effects for systems of increasing size,...
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Analysis of Transformation Methods of Hydroacoustic and Optoelectronic Data Based on the Tombolo Measurement Campaign in Sopot
PublicationMeasurements in the coastal zone are carried out using various methods, including Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), hydroacoustic and optoelectronic methods. Therefore, it is necessary to develop coordinate transformation models that will enable the conversion of data from the land and marine parts to one coordinate system. The article presents selected issues related to the integration of geodetic and hydrographic data....
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Using UAV Photogrammetry to Analyse Changes in the Coastal Zone Based on the Sopot Tombolo (Salient) Measurement Project
PublicationThe main factors influencing the shape of the beach, shoreline and seabed include undulation, wind and coastal currents. These phenomena cause continuous and multidimensional changes in the shape of the seabed and the Earth’s surface, and when they occur in an area of intense human activity, they should be constantly monitored. In 2018 and 2019, several measurement campaigns took place in the littoral zone in Sopot, related to...
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A Comparison of STI Measured by Direct and Indirect Methods for Interiors Coupled with Sound Reinforcement Systems
PublicationThis paper presents a comparison of STI (Speech Transmission Index) coefficient measurement results carried out by direct and indirect methods. First, acoustic parameters important in the context of public address and sound reinforcement systems are recalled. A measurement methodology is presented that employs various test signals to determine impulse responses. The process of evaluating sound system performance, signals enabling...
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Current divider-based nanosecond high current pulse measuring systems
PublicationThis paper presents the analysis of the new approach to the measurement methodology of significant values (in order of hundreds of kA) and huge steepness (in order of MA/μs) current pulses based on current dividers along with a comparison of the various types transducers suitability in measuring systems with such extreme parameters. Such dividers are used to extend the measurement ranges of current transducers with limited current...
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Effect of temperature and composition on physical properties of deep eutectic solvents based on 2-(methylamino)ethanol – measurement and prediction
PublicationNovel deep eutectic solvents were synthesized using 2-(methylamino)ethanol as hydrogen bond donor with tetrabutylammonium bromide or tetrabutylammonium chloride or tetraethylammonium chloride as hydrogen bond acceptors. Mixtures were prepared at different molar ratios of 1:6, 1:8 and 1:10 salt to alkanolamine and then Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy measurements were performed to confirm hydrogen bonds interactions between...
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Towards Robust Identification of Nonstationary Systems
PublicationThe article proposes a fast, two-stage method for the identification of nonstationary systems. The method uses iterative reweighting to robustify the identification process against the outliers in the measurement noise and against the numerical errors that may occur at the first stage of identification. We also propose an adaptive algorithm to optimize the values of the hyperparameters that are crucial for this new method.
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Quality measure of VoIP services in carrier grade systems
PublicationThis paper describes passive measurement method of VoIP services quality in carrier grade systems, engaging slight system resources. Measurement is based on analyzing quality information in sender and receiver reports in RTCP packets sent by the end points of RTP session. Data is analyzed and stored by Session Boarder Controllers SBC. Objective evaluation of VoIP calls is based on quality information of IP connection and voice...
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Experimental verification of a new method of loop resistance testing in low voltage systems with residual current devices
PublicationA periodical verification of the effectiveness of protection against electric shock shall be performed in low voltage systems. The scope of this verification includes loop impedance/resistance testing. If a residual current device is installed in a tested circuit, this testing is problematic. A residual current device trips out during the test, because of the high value of measurement current. This precludes the execution of the...
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Steady-State Vibration Level Measurement of the Five-Phase Induction Machine during Third Harmonic Injection or Open-Phase Faults
PublicationMultiphase electric machines are increasingly used in various industries and for electromobility. Complex systems have been developed for the control and powering of multiphase machines, which require verification. The quality of control and the power supply of electric machines is usually evaluated by analyzing various electrical parameters. On the other hand, taking into account the fact that a motor is an electrical-mechanical...
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A method of self-testing of an analog circuit terminated by an ADC in electronic embedded systems controlled by microcontrollers
PublicationA new self-testing method of analog parts terminated by an ADC in electronic embedded systems controlled by microcontrollers is presented. It is based on a new fault diagnosis method based on on-line (i.e. during measurement), transformations of voltage samples of the time response of a tested part to a square pulse - onto localization curves placed in the measurement space. The method can be used for fault detection and single...
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Reliable testbed for indoor positioning systems
PublicationThis paper proposes a test environment for indoor localization system, based on radio wave propagation prosperities. The following sections presents variety of problems from the assessment of the existing localization system to the analysis of inconveniences which occur when comparison of different localization systems is implemented. The problem is associated with different testing environments presented in published papers is...
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Revisiting the Measurement of Anomie
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On noncausal identification of nonstationary stochastic systems
PublicationIn this paper we consider the problem of noncausal identification of nonstationary,linear stochastic systems, i.e., identification based on prerecorded input/output data. We show how several competing weighted least squares parameter smoothers, differing in memory settings, can be combined together to yield a better and more reliable smoothing algorithm. The resulting parallel estimation scheme automatically adjusts its smoothing...
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Comparison of the tests for equivalence of the measurement methods for measurement of PM10 dust in ambient air
PublicationThe paper presents the motives for conducting the equivalence tests and the reasons of discrepancies between the results of PM10 dust concentration obtained via the reference method and the methods based on 'on-site' measurement. The reference and non-reference methods of measurement of PM10 dust concentration in air have been discussed. Field tests for equivalence, following the Polish standard and the European Union (EU) guidelines,...
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Regularized Identification of Time-Varying FIR Systems Based on Generalized Cross-Validation
PublicationA new regularization method is proposed and applied to identification of time-varying finite impulse response systems. We show, that by a careful design of the regularization constraint, one can improve estimation results, especially in the presence of strong measurement noise. We also show that the the most appropriate regularization gain can be found by direct optimization of the generalized cross-validation criterion.
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Influence of vision measurement system spatial configuration on measurement uncertainty, based on the example of electric traction application
PublicationTechnical diagnostics plays a significant role in ensuring operational reliability of electrified rail transport. The most critical point in the transmission of electric energy to vehicles is the sliding contact of the current collector with the traction network. For this reason, work is currently being carried on new measuring methods, whose appliance allows for more complete diagnostics of the contact line and current collectors,...
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The identification of operational cycles in the monitoring systems of underground vehicles
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A method of two-terminal excess noise measurement with a reduction of measurement system and contact noise
PublicationPrzedstawiono metodę i system do pomiaru szumów nadmiarowych dwójników elektrycznych ze znaczną redukcją wpływu szumów własnych systemu pomiarowego i szumów kontaków. Proponowana metoda może byc zastosowana do pomiaru szumów elementów z wyprowadzonymi końcówkami, bądź też struktur, gdy jako wzorcowy szum odniesienia może zostać zastosowany szum struktury rezystywnej wytworzonej bezpośrednio na strukturze w otoczeniu elementu testowanego.
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Stakeholders Satisfaction Index as an Important Factor of Improving Quality Management Systems of Universities in Poland
PublicationThe following article analyses the role of stakeholders in selected methods of assessing the quality of educational services of universities and discusses quality management systems according to Common Assessment Framework for education. Furthermore, it presents the example of method of stakeholder satisfaction measurement called Stakeholders Satisfaction Index (SSI) which is an original proposal of an aggregate measure of satisfaction...
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Measurement system based on USB Z-Wave controller
PublicationA wireless measurement system based on the Z-Wave standard is presented in this paper. The system is composed of a U SB Z-Stick Gen5 controller connected to a Personal Computer and a Fibaro controller FGRGBWM-441. Operation of the system is controlled by software written in C++ using OpenZWave library. Some metrological aspects of the system are evaluated: accuracy, linearity, resolution and frequency of voltage measurements.
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The prototype of a wireless measurement card
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Spikes removal in surface measurement
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Air Pollutant Emission Measurement
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Discrete measurement of fault-arc velocity
PublicationOpisano metodę dyskretnego pomiaru prędkości jednofazowego łuku awaryjnego poruszającego się w płaskim, poziomym układzie szyn. Badania przeprowadzono za pomocą punktowych czujników optycznych rozmieszczonych równomiernie wzdłuż szyn. Podano opis układu, jego charakterystykę, wpływ obszaru zjonizowanego na uzyskiwane wyniki i zależności między obserwowanymi wielkościami.
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Estimation of transmission quality in cellular systems based on indicators measured by the radio module
PublicationThe article presents a measurement stand for testing transmission quality in cellular systems such as LTE, NB-IoT, UMTS and GSM. The results of BLER and throughput measurements for various propagation conditions as well as results of quality indicators appropriate for mentioned technologies measured by commercial radio module are presented. Those measurements were utilized to analyze the possibility of estimating the transmission...
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Method and measurement system for DC characteristics measurement of power diodes in very wide current range
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono układ pomiarowy do pomiaru charakterystyk stałoprądowych diod. Pomiar przeprowadzany jest metodą impulsową w celu zapewnienia stałej temperatury badanego elementu w trakcie pomiaru. Do zapewnienia odpowiedniej liczby punktów pomiarowych wykorzystano układ zmodyfikowanej drabinki R2R z pojedynczymi kluczami sterującymi.
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Designing a magnetoacoustic emission measurement configuration for measurement of creep damage in power plant boiler tubes
PublicationOpisywane są własności skonstruowanego detektora emisji magneto-akustycznej (EMA) służącego dla pomiaru stopnia degradacji rurociągów w przemyśle energetycznym. Specjalna budowa biegunów magnesu umożliwia ich dopasowanie do zakrzywionych powierzchni. Układ pomiarowy pozwala na badanie natężenia EMA dla pola wzdłuż osi rury, a także w kierunku obwodowym. Wykazano, iż możliwa jest detekcja zmiany stopnia degradacji materiału na obwodzie...
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New approach to noncausal identification of nonstationary stochastic systems subject to both smooth and abrupt parameter changes
PublicationIn this paper we consider the problem of finiteintervalparameter smoothing for a class of nonstationary linearstochastic systems subject to both smooth and abrupt parameterchanges. The proposed parallel estimation scheme combines theestimates yielded by several exponentially weighted basis functionalgorithms. The resulting smoother automatically adjustsits smoothing bandwidth to the type and rate of nonstationarityof the identified...
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A method of fault diagnosis of analog parts of electronic embedded systems with tolerances
PublicationPrzedstawiono nową metodę detekcji i lokalizacji uszkodzeń w częściach analogowych z tolerancjami elementów nieuszkodzonych mieszanych sygnałowo elektronicznych systemów wbudowanych sterowanych mikrokontrolerami. Metoda składa się z trzech etapów. W pierwszym etapie tworzony jest słownik uszkodzeń przez aproksymację rodziny pasów lokalizacyjnych. W etapie pomiarowym wewnętrzny licznik mikrokontrolera mierzy czasy trwania impulsów...
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A diagnosis method of analog parts of mixed-signal systems controlled by microcontrollers.
PublicationPrzedstawiono nową klasę K-D metod diagnostyki analogowych części mieszanych sygnałowo mikrosystemów bazujących na mikrokontrolerach. Metody składają się z trzech etapów: etapu przedtestowego tworzenia słownika uszkodzeń, etapu pomiarowego bazujacego na pomiarach próbek napięcia odpowiedzi układu analogowego na pobudzenie impulsem prostokątnym wykonywanych przez wewnętrzne zasoby mikrokontrolera i z etapu detekcji i lokalizacji...
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Identification of continuous systems - Practical issues of insensitivity to perturbations
PublicationIn this paper the issue of continuous systems estimation, insensitive to certain perturbations, is discussed. Such an approach has rational advantages, especially when robust schemes are used to assist a target system responsible for industrial diagnostics. This requires that estimated model parameters are generated on-line, and their values are reliable and to a great extent accurate. Practical hints are suggested to challenge...
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Identification of Continuous Systems - Practical Issues of Insensitivity to Perturbations
PublicationIn this paper the issue of continuous systems estimation, insensitive to certain perturbations, is discussed. Such an approach has rational advantages, especially when robust schemes are used to assist a target system responsible for industrial diagnostics. This requires that estimated model parameters are generated on-line, and their values are reliable and to a great extent accurate. Practical hints are suggested to challenge...
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Verification of safety in low-voltage power systems without nuisance tripping of residual current devices
PublicationLow-voltage power systems require initial and periodical verification to check the effectiveness of protection against electric shock. As a protection in case of fault, automatic disconnection of supply is most often used. To verify such a protection measure, the earth fault loop impedance or resistance is measured. This measurement is easy to perform in circuits without residual current devices. When residual current devices are...
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Effect of Time Varying Measurement Conditions on Antenna Pattern in Near Field Measurement and Its Correction Procedure
PublicationAuthors present the procedure of taking into account the changes of electrical parameters of setup due to the time drift of temperature during the procedure of near field measurement. It is proposed to make additional measurements in determined positions of probe are next used the results to introduce corrections terms in measured data. Such approach was verified practically in experimental near field measurement system.
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Four-state measurement method for direct-reading noise figure measurement of low-gain two-ports.
PublicationOmówiono problemy techniczne pomiaru współczynnika szumu dwuwrotników o małym wzmocnieniu mocy dysponowanej realizowanych przy stosowaniu znanych metod pomiaru współczynnika szumu. Przedstawiono nową czterostanową metodę pomiaru umożliwiającą uniezależnienie wskazań automatycznego miernika współczynnika szumu zarówno od wartośći wzmocnienia dwuwrotnika badanego jak i współczynnika szumu odbiornika pomiarowego. Wyprowadzone zależności...
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Low-coherence method of hematocrit measurement
PublicationW artykule opisano niskokoherencyjna metodę pomiaru hematokrytu krwi.
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A measurement system for children endurance tests
PublicationThere are a lot of ethical problems concerning the use of invasive methods for the measurement of a child's body response to physical exercise and physical training. The alternative is are non-invasive methods like ergospirometry or NIRS. The article presents a measurement system dedicated for children endurance tests, composed of a few non-invasive measurement modules, including a temperature measurement module. Temperature is...
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Measurement platform for training of electronic nose
PublicationW pracy zaprezentowano platformę do badania elektronicznego nosa. Zaproponowane rozwiązanie umożliwia trening elektronicznego nosa oraz pomiar charakterystyk czujników gazów.
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Application of spectroscopy to the measurement of blood parameters
PublicationSpectroscopy is the study of formation and interpretation of the spectra arising from the interactions of all types of radiation on matter, understood as a collection of atoms and molecules. This is a very important department of optics which gives us many opportunities to measure various parameters such as material blood parameters. Among the diseases that are associated significantly with changes in rheological properties of...
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Low-coherence method of hematocrit measurement
PublicationDuring the last thirty years low-coherence measurement methods have gained popularity because of their unique advantages. Low-coherence interferometry, low-coherence reflectometry and low-coherence optical tomography offer resolution and dynamic range of measurement at the range of classical optical techniques. Moreover, they enable measurements of the absolute value of the optical path differences, which is still an unsolved problem...
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Measurement of dileptons with the CBM experiment at FAIR
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Measurement techniques of tailored optical fibers
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The problem of “spectrum leakage” in the measurement of harmonics
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Measurement of corporate reputation as perceived by investors
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Measurement of surface flatness after lapping
PublicationPrzedstawiono sposób pomiaru płaskości powierzchni w docieraniu z wykorzystaniem metody sztucznych baz Vickersa. W analizie wykorzystano skomputeryzowane stanowisko do badań mikroskopowych, wyposażone w mikroskop stereoskopowy, kamerę CCD oraz program MultiScan.
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Noninvasive Measurement of Intracranial Pressure: Is It Possible?
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