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Search results for: VIRTUALL BASS SYNTHESIS
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An Approach to Bass Enhancement in Portable Computers Employing Smart Virtual Bass Synthesis Algorithms
PublicationThe aim of this paper is to present a novel approach to the Virtual Bass Synthesis (VBS) algorithms applied to portable computers. The developed algorithms are related to intelligent, rule-based setting of synthesis parameters according to music genre of an audio excerpt and to the type of a portable device in use. To find optimum synthesis parameters of the VBS algorithms, subjective listening tests based on a parametric procedure...
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Evaluation of a Novel Approach to Virtual Bass Synthesis Strategy
PublicationThe aim of this paper is to present a novel approach to the Virtual Bass Synthesis (VBS) strategy applied to portable computers. The developed algorithms involve intelligent, rule-based settings of bass synthesis parameters with regard to music genre of an audio excerpt and the type of a portable device in use. The Smart VBS algorithm performs the synthesis based on a nonlinear device (NLD) with artificial controlling synthesis...
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Smart Virtual Bass Synthesis Algorithm Based on Music Genre Classification
PublicationThe aim of this paper is to present a novel approach to the Virtual Bass Synthesis (VBS) algorithms applied to portable computers. The proposed algorithm employed automatic music genre recognition to determine the optimum parameters for the synthesis of additional frequencies. The synthesis was carried out using the non-linear device (NLD) and phase vocoder (PV) methods depending on the music excerpt genre. Classification of musical...
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Bass Enhancement Settings in Portable Devices Based on Music Genre Recognition
PublicationThe paper presents a novel approach to the Virtual Bass Synthesis (VBS) applied to mobile devices, called Smart VBS (SVBS). The proposed algorithm uses an intelligent, rule-based setting of bass synthesis parameters adjusted to the particular music genre. Harmonic generation is based on a nonlinear device (NLD) method with the intelligent controlling system adapting to the recognized music genre. To automatically classify music...
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Evaluation of Sound Enhancement in Mobile Device Using Virtual Bass Synthesiss Algorithm
PublicationAn experiment conducted to validate possibility of use virtual bass synthesis (VBS) algorithm in a portable computer is presented. The subjective listening tests based on the procedure of pairwise comparison between VBS, based on the so-called missing fundamental phenomenon, and standard bass boost technique are employed. The evaluation was carried out in two types of conditions: in a professional listening room and employing an...
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Music genre classification applied to bass enhancement for mobile technology
PublicationThe aim of this paper is to present a novel approach to the Virtual Bass Synthesis (VBS) algorithms applied to portable computers. The proposed algorithm is related to intelligent, rule-based setting of synthesis parameters according to music genre of an audio excerpt. The classification of music genres is automatically executed employing MPEG 7 parameters and the Principal Component Analysis method applied to reduce information...
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Novel and Efficient Methods for the Synthesis of Symmetrical Trisulfides
PublicationWe have developed a convenient methods for the synthesis of symmetrical trisulfides under mild conditions in very good yields. The described methods are based on the straightforward preparation of 5,5-dimethyl-2-thioxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane-2-disulfanyl derivatives from readily available 5,5-dimethyl-2-sulfanyl-2-thioxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane or bis(5,5-dimethyl-2-thioxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-2-yl) disulfide. The symmetrical...
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A review of amide bond formation in microwave organic synthesis
PublicationMicrowave-Assisted Organic Synthesis (MAOS) is one of the most current trends in organic chemistry. Herein, both the most popular and new approaches in microwave-syntheses of very important linkage in Nature - amide bond - are overviewed and compared with conventional synthetic routes.
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One-Step Synthesis of b-Lactams with Retro-Amide Side Chain
PublicationAbstract: A one pot synthesis for preparation of 1,4-disubstituted-2-oxo-azetidine-3-carboxylic acid amides was developed. 5-(α-N-substituted-amino-α'-hydroxy)methylene Meldrum's acids act as a source of ketenes that react with aldimines in boiling toluene to give b-lactams with retro-amid side chain.
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Diastereoselective Synthesis of Z‐Alkenyl Disulfides from α‐Thiophosphorylated Ketones and Thiosulfonates
PublicationWe developed a simple and efficient method for the synthesis of functionalized unsymmetrical Z‐alkenyl disulfides under mild conditions in moderate to good yields. The designed method is based on the reaction of α‐thiophosphorylated carbonyl compounds with thiotosylates in the presence of a base. The developed method allows the preparation of unsymmetrical Z‐alkenyl disulfides bearing additional hydroxy, carboxy, or ester functionalities
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A novel and efficient synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfides
PublicationOpracowano metodę otrzymywania niesymetrycznych disulfidów z odpowiednich tioli w oparciu o bromek sulfenylowy.
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Practical Method for the Preparation of 2,2-Dimethyl-5- {aryl[(hetero)aryl]methyl}-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diones: Synthesis and Mechanistic Study
PublicationAn efficient practical synthetic procedure has been developed for the synthesis of 2,2-dimethyl-5-{aryl[(hetero)aryl]methyl}- 1,3-dioxane-4,6-diones through Friedel–Crafts alkylation. The scope and limitation of the reaction of 2,2-dimethyl-5-arylidene-1,3-dioxane- 4,6-diones with π-excess aromatic systems have been delineated.
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Novel and Efficient Methods for the Synthesis of Symmetrical Trisulfides
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Applications of Alkanethiols in Organic Synthesis
PublicationThis manuscript is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution describing methods for the synthesis of alkanethiols. Thiols can be converted into sulfonic, sulfinic, sulfenic acid and their derivatives, sulfides, disulfides, polysulfides, sulfonium salts, and thiiranes, etc. These transformations are accomplished by nucleophilic displacement or addition, oxidation, condensation, or coupling reactions involving thiol...
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S-thioacyldithiophosphates in the synthesis of thiohydroxamic acids and O-thioacylhydroxylamines
PublicationDitiofosforany tioacylu to trwałe, łatwo osiągalne z kwasów karboksylowych środki tioacylujące. Z powodu ich niskiej reaktywności wobec nukleofili tlenowych i wysokiej wobec nukleofili azotowych znalazły zastosowanie w syntezie kwasów tiohydroksamowych bezpośrednio z hydroksyloamin z niechronioną grupą hydroksylową. W przypadku dużej zawady przestrzennej można otrzymać O-tioacylohydroksyloaminy.
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Microwave radiation in the synthesis of urethane prepolymers
PublicationThis paper describes the use of microwave radiation in the synthesis of urethane prepolymers in bulk (without solvent). The prepolymers were synthesized using 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and poly (ε-caprolactone) diol (PCL) at a molar ratio of 4:1. The reaction was carried out without a catalyst in the reactor with a conventional heating system (oil bath) or in the microwave reactor (MW Reactor NOVA 09) at temperatures...
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Recent Developments in the Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Disulfanes (Disulfides). A Review
PublicationThe synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfanes is an important transformation in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. The current review is intended to summarize achievements in the synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfanes over the last decade (2004–2014).
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Synthesis and reactivity of O-acyl selenophosphates
PublicationThe synthesis of several new O-acyl selenophosphates were investigated. The stability and reactivity of the products were studied and related to their structure.
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Optimization of Graphene Oxide Synthesis and Its Reduction
PublicationIn this article, we present the review of the chemical methods of synthesis of graphene oxide and its reduction in order to obtain the so-called reduced graphene oxide (rGO) whose properties are similar to those of pure graphene. We also present our experiments and the results in this field and the comparison of the efficiency of different methods of synthesis as well as the reduction of graphene oxide. To characterize the obtained...
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Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Isochroman Derivatives
PublicationThe isochroman scaffold constitutes an important structural unit, which is present in various bioactive natural products and synthetic pharmaceutical compounds exhibiting wide arrays of biological properties. Hence the synthesis of this class of heterocyclic compounds in a stereoselective fashion is highly significant and desirable. In the last decade, a substantial advancement has been witnessed ln the catalytic asymmetric...
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Modifications of total synthesis of mycophenolic acid
PublicationThe total synthesis of mycophenolic acid (MPA), a potent immunosuppressant, was modified. The obtained mycophenolic acid was suitable for further preparation of new prospective immunosuppressants with improved therapeutic properties.
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Speech synthesis controlled by eye gazing
PublicationA method of communication based on eye gaze controlling is presented. Investigations of using gaze tracking have been carried out in various context applications. The solution proposed in the paper could be referred to as ''talking by eyes'' providing an innovative approach in the domain of speech synthesis. The application proposed is dedicated to disabled people, especially to persons in a so-called locked-in syndrome who cannot...
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Synthesis of coupled lossy resonator filters.
PublicationA technique for fast synthesis of coupling matrix low-pass prototypes of generalized. Chebyshev bandpass filters with lossy resonators is presented in this letter. The coupling matrix is found by solving a nonlinear least squares problem based on zeros and poles of filter's transfer functions.
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Methods of ZnO nanoparticles synthesis
PublicationZinc oxide nanostructures are interesting nanomaterials with a wide range of applications. Since the physical and chemical properties of ZnO nanoparticles are influenced both by their shape and size, a control of morphology of ZnO structures is needed for their commercial usage. Different chemical, physical, and biological methods used to produce ZnO nanostructures can be found in the literature. The production of ZnO nanoparticles...
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Utilization of molten salt synthesis route in ceramics production
PublicationThe molten salt synthesis method is widely used to prepare ceramic powders for various applications e.g. piezoelectric devices or electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells. The usage of this method workdwide is quite common especially in piezoelectric powder synthesis. In this work several application of the method is presented and the advantages of this route are numbered.
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Synthesis of Bis(ethylenedithio)dithiadiazafulvalenes (BEDT-DTDAF) and Generation of Charge Transfer Complexes with Tetracyanoquinodimetane
PublicationW artykule opisana została synteza Bis(etylenoditio)ditiadiazafulwalenów (BEDT-DTDAF) wykorzystująca jako kluczowe związki przejściowe 4,5-(etylenoditio)tiazol oraz sole 3-aliklo-4,5-(etylenoditio)tiazoliowe oraz generowanie przewodzących kompleksów z przeniesieniem ładunku usyskanych z Bis(etylenoditio)ditiadiazafulwalenów oraz tetracyjanochinodimetanu.
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Novel and Efficient Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Trisulfides
PublicationWe have developed a convenient method for the synthesis of unsymmetrical trisulfides under mild conditions in very good yields. The designed method is based on the straightforward preparation of 1-[(5,5-dimethyl-2-thioxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-2-yl)trisulfanyl]dodecane from readily available 5,5-dimethyl-2-sulfanyl-2-thioxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane, sulfur dichloride (SCl2) and dodecane-1-thiol. The unsymmetrical trisulfides can...
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SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF OLIGOMERS WITH HYDROXY END-GROUPS
PublicationMethods of oligomers (polymers) with hydroxy end-groups obtaining are examined. The synthesis of hydroxy-containing oligomers based on epoxy resins is of special attention. The molecules of mentioned oligomers apart from free primary and secondary hydroxy groups contain epoxy, peroxy, carboxy or acrylic groups.
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Synthesis and polymerisation techniques of molecularly imprinted polymers
PublicationMolecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) are materials that has been processed using the molecular imprinting technique which permit to obtain well-defined three-dimensional cavities, with affinity to a template molecule, in the polymer matrix. Technology involves three strategies, i.e., covalent, non-covalent and semi-covalent approach, but the most popular is non-covalent approach. The most important components for the synthesis...
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The possibility of use by-products for synthesis of emulsifiers
PublicationIn the last years the interest in use of materials originated from natural sources, e.g. vegetables to produce attractive products still grows. According to that, also the synthesis of these products should be adequate to the green chemistry requirements. The typical example observed in recent years focuses on utlization of bioglycerol - the by - product of global biodiesel manufacturing. The still growing production of biodiesel...
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Proton Conducting Ceramic Powder Synthesis by a Low Temperature Method
PublicationMolten salt synthesis (MSS) is a simple method for the preparation of ceramic powders with specific morphology. The main role of the molten salts is to increase the reaction rate and lower the reaction temperature. It occurs because of much higher mobility of reactants in the liquid medium than in the solid state. In this work the molten salt synthesis was applied to produce ceramic powders of La0995Ca0005NbO4 and BaCe09−xZrxY01O3....
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Morphology control through the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks
PublicationDesignable morphology and predictable properties are the most challenging goals in material engineering. Features such as shape, size, porosity, agglomeration ratio significantly affect the final properties of metal- organic frameworks (MOFs) and can be regulated throughout synthesis parameters but require a deep under- standing of the mechanisms of MOFs formation. Herein, we systematically summarize the effects of the indi- vidual...
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Amino Acid Based Antimicrobial Agents – Synthesis and Properties
PublicationStructures of several dozen of known antibacterial, antifungal or antiprotozoal agents are based on the amino acid scaffold. In most of them, the amino acid skeleton is of a crucial importance for their antimicrobial activity, since very often they are structural analogs of amino acid intermediates of different microbial biosynthetic pathways. Particularly, some aminophosphonate or aminoboronate analogs of protein amino acids are...
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Implementation of multi-operand addition in FPGA using high-level synthesis
PublicationThe paper presents the results of high-level synthesis (HLS) of multi-operand adders in FPGA using the Vivado Xilinx environment. The aim was to estimate the hardware amount and latency of adders described in C-code. The main task of the presented experiments was to compare the implementations of the carry-save adder (CSA) type multi-operand adders obtained as the effect of the HLS synthesis and those based on the basic component...
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DDQ-mediated synthesis of functionalized unsymmetrical disulfanes
PublicationWe developed a simple and efficient method for the synthesis of functionalized unsymmetrical disulfanes under mild conditions in good yields. The designed method is based on the reaction of bis(5,5- dimethyl-2-thioxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-2-yl)disulfane with thiols in the presence of 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone (DDQ). The developedmethod allows the preparation of unsymmetrical disulfanes bearing additional hydroxy, carboxy,...
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Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Functionalized Basic Maleimides
PublicationA three-step procedure involving Diels-Alder condensation of maleic anhydride with furane, formation of N-substituted imide upon reaction with appropriate diamine and a final retro Diels-Alder regeneration of the maleic carbon-carbon double bond is proposed for an unequivocal synthesis of N-substituted basic maleimides. The novel method is characterized by mild reaction conditions, easy work-up, high yields and no need for additional...
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Analysis-by-synthesis paradigm evolved into a new concept
PublicationThis work aims at showing how the well-known analysis-by-synthesis paradigm has recently been evolved into a new concept. However, in contrast to the original idea stating that the created sound should not fail to pass the foolproof synthesis test, the recent development is a consequence of the need to create new data. Deep learning models are greedy algorithms requiring a vast amount of data that, in addition, should be correctly...
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Bacteriophages as Factories for Eu2O3 Nanoparticle Synthesis
PublicationThe use of phage display to identify peptides with an ability to bind and synthesize Eu2O3 nanoparticles is demonstrated in this report. This is the first report of modified phages specifically binding a lanthanide. The peptides exposed on virions revealed very strong binding to Eu2O3 nanoparticles and the ability to catalyze Eu2O3 nanoparticles’ formation from Eu(OH)3 and Eu(NO3)3 solutions. The luminescence emission spectrum...
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Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Unsymmetrical Dialkyl Trisulfanes
PublicationWe have developed a convenient method for the synthesis of functionalized unsymmetrical dialkyl trisulfanes under mild conditions in very good yields. The designed method is based on the reaction of (5,5-dimethyl-2-thioxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-2-yl)-disulfanyl derivatives with alkyl disulfanyl anions generated in situ from S-acetyl disulfanyl derivatives and sodium methoxide. The developed method allows for the preparation of...
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Hydrothermal synthesis of vanadium ammonium compounds – the crucial role of the pressure
PublicationDue to the structural diversity and chemical activity, vanadium oxides and their derivatives are continuingly in the great interest of scientist. In a large family of vanadium compounds, one of the most interesting are ammonium vanadates (with the general formula (NH4)xVyOz). They have received much attention because of their promising application as cathode material in mono- and multivalent-ion batteries [1]. Hydrothermal synthesis...
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An Improved Synthesis of Trisodium (R)-Homocitrate from Citric Acid
PublicationA method of synthesis of trisodium (R)-homocitrate starting from citric acid is reported. The procedure affords the final product of high optical purity with satisfactory yield.
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Virtual keyboard controlled by eye gaze employing speech synthesis
PublicationThe article presents the speech synthesis integrated into the eye gaze tracking system. This approach can significantly improve the quality of life of physically disabled people who are unable to communicate. The virtual keyboard (QWERTY) is an interface which allows for entering the text for the speech synthesizer. First, this article describes a methodology of determining the fixation point on a computer screen. Then it presents...
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Virtual Keyboard controlled by eye gaze employing speech synthesis
PublicationThe article presents the speech synthesis integrated into the eye gaze tracking system. This approach can significantly improve the quality of life of physically disabled people who are unable to communicate. The virtual keyboard (QWERTY) is an interface which allows for entering the text for the speech synthesizer. First, this article describes a methodology of determining the fixation point on a computer screen. Then it presents...
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A Novel Synthesis Technique for Microwave Bandpass Filters with Frequency-Dependent Couplings
PublicationThis paper presents a novel synthesis technique for microwave bandpass filters with frequency-dependent couplings. The proposed method is based on the systematic extraction of a dispersive coupling coefficient using an optimization technique based on the zeros and poles of scattering parameters representing two coupled resonators.The application of this method of synthesis is illustrated using two examples involving four and five-pole...
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Synthesis of amides under microwave irradiation
PublicationAmides belong to the most important carboxylic acid derivatives. They are constituents of natural compounds like peptides and proteins. They found applications in many branches of science and industry, especially in pharmaceutical and polymer science. Conventional procedures for amide preparation involve reaction between amine and carboxylic acid or their more active derivatives such as acid chlorides, acid anhydrides or esters....
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SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NIOBIUM-DOPED HYDROXYAPATITE CERAMICS
PublicationHydroxyapatite (HAp) ceramic materials are considered as one of the most promising implant materials in bone surgery and in dentistry. They exhibit unique biocompatibility, bioactivity, and osteoconductivity, which are the most desirable biomaterial features. However, HAp itself is brittle, has low strength, high degree of crystallinity and low solubility at physiological pH. Doping synthetic HAp with metal ions plays an important...
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Convenient and efficient synthesis of functionalized unsymmetrical alkynyl sulfides
PublicationWe developed a simple and efficient method for the synthesis of functionalized unsymmetrical alkynyl sulfides under mild conditions in good yields. The designed method is based on the reaction of 5,5-dimethyl-2-thioxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-2-disulfanyl derivatives with lithium acetylides. The developed method allows the preparation of unsymmetrical alkynyl sulfides bearing additional hydroxyl, carboxyl, or amino functionalities.
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Thin CVD diamond films - synthesis, properties, applications
PublicationThe basic model of diamond films growth, in the low pressure synthesis, deposition from the CVD gas phase, is the mixture of hydrocarbon gas in presence with activated hydrogen and its nucleation on the substrate as a result of pyrolysis reaction. It allows to cross the great energetic barrier between graphite and diamond. High pressure and temperature are replaced by change of electronic structure of atoms into gas precursors...
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Tailoring the Size and Shape—New Path for Ammonium Metavanadate Synthesis
PublicationAmmonium metavanadate, NH4VO3, plays an important role in the preparation of vanadium oxides and other ammonium compounds, such as NH4V3O8, (NH4)2V3O8, and NH4V4O10, which were found to possess interesting electrochemical properties. In this work, a new route for the synthesis of NH4VO3 is proposed by mixing an organic ammonium salt and V2O5 in a suitable solvent. The one-step procedure is carried out at room temperature. Additionally,...
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Chemical modifications of natural oils and examples of their usage for polyurethane synthesis
PublicationNatural oils have been used in the production of plastics for a long time. However, the number of studies dedicated to polyurethane research has shown an increase only recently. Usually, petrochemical components are used in polyurethane synthesis. Nowadays, there have been attemptsmade to replace polyols in polyurethanes with the modified oils and other natural raw materials. It is a promising and important scenario because the...