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Search results for: spontaneous electron emission
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Electron-difusion coefficiens in N2O
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów stosunku współczynników dyfuzji poprzecznych i podłużnych do ruchliwości i prędkość dryfu elektronów jako funkcję zredukowanego pola elektrycznego w N2O. Współczynniki dyfuzji wyznaczono stosując metodę Towsenda-Huxleya; prędkość dryfu otrzymano używając techniki Bradbury-Nielsen. Całkowitych i częściowych przekrojów czynnych użyto do obliczenia współczynników metodą numeryczną.
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Electron scattering on C3H6 isomers
PublicationZmierzono całkowity przekrój czynny na rozproszenie elektronów na dwóch izomerach strukturalnych węglowodoru C3H6 dla energii 0.5-370 eV. Wykorzystano spektometr pracujący w oparciu o liniową metodę transmisyjną. Zaobserwowano wyraźny efekt izomeryczny. Uzyskane wyniki porównano z wcześniejszymi danymi eksperymentalnymi oraz obliczeniami.
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THE IDENTIFICATION OF TOXIC COMPOUND EMISSION SENSITIVITY AS A DIAGNOSTIC PARAMETER DURING DYNAMIC PROCESSES OF THE MARINE ENGINE
PublicationChanging some parameters of the engine structure alters the emission of harmful components in the exhaust gas. This applies in particular to the damage of charge exchange system as well as fuel system and engine supercharger. These changes are much greater during the dynamic states and their accompanying transitional processes. The different sensitivity of diagnostic parameters to the same force, coming from the engine structure,...
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TOTAL CROSS SECTION MEASUREMENTS FOR ELECTRON SCATTERING ON METHYL FORMATE (HCOOCH3) MOLECULE: METHYLATION EFFECT
PublicationWe present the absolute total cross section (TCS) for electron scattering from the methyl formate (HCOOCH3) molecule measured in the 10-300 eV energy range, with electrostatic electron spectrometer working in the linear transmission mode. Comparison of TCS for the HCOOCH3 molecule with that measured earlier for the formic acid (HCOOH) compound manifests the methylation effect i.e. the response of the electron scattering dynamics...
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INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSION MEASUREMENTS USING FAR AND GTEM TEST SITES UP TO 1 GHz
PublicationElectromagnetic emission limiting is one of the basic requirements in the European Directive 2014/30/EU (EMC Directive). Manufacturers often use alternative methods of measurements to make preliminary verification of emission. This paper presents and analyzes problem with comparison between measurements in different test sites: FAR (Fully Anechoic Room) and GTEM (Gigahertz Transverse Electromagnetic cell). FAR is assumed as the...
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Measurements of radiation emission of a portable power bank with a capacity of 10400 mAh
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the emission measurement results that are part of comprehensive tests carried out for portable power banks with different capacities. The measurements were performed in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 3 GHz using a Gigahertz Transverse Electromagnetic (GTEM) cell (Fig. 1). The test setup was configured to measure a portable power...
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SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and SEM-EDS (Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) images of nickel (Ni) foam as received, after photocatalysis and after oxidation at 500_C.
Open Research DataThis dataset contains SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and SEM-EDS (Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) images of Ni (nickel) foam as received from the supplier, after photocatalytic treatment and after oxidation at 500C. The detailed equipment and measurement data was described in "readme SEM.txt" file
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Thermodynamic, ecological, and economic analysis of negative CO2 emission power plant using gasified sewage sludge
PublicationCurrently, sewage sludge is considered as a biomass, according to the Polish act on renewable energy sources from 20th of February 2015 and its novel version from 19th of July 2019. Possibility to utilize sewage sludge in gasification process is an additional advantage of the negative CO2 emissions power plant (nCO2PP). The work presents results of thermodynamic, ecological, and economical analysis using a zero-dimensional mathematical...
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Quality prediction of foil capacitors by acoustic emission signals
PublicationJakość i trwałość kondensatorów foliowych jest zależna od ich warunków pracy (np. nadmiarowego napięcia pracy, temperatury, wilgotności) oraz od potencjalnych defektów wprowadzonych na różnych etapach wytwarzania kondensatorów. Nieustanny nacisk na wzrost jakości wytwarzanych elementów przy jednoczesnej redukcji kosztów wytwarzania oznacza, że nowe, tanie i szybkie metody predykcji jakości tych elementów są mocno poszukiwane. W...
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Electron scattering cross sections for 1-pentene, H2C=CH-(CH2)2CH3, molecules
PublicationCross sections, both experimental and theoretical, are reported for electron scattering from 1-pentene (C5H10) molecules. Absolute grand-total cross sections (TCSs) were measured at electron impact energies ranging from 1 to 300 eV, using a linear electron-transmission technique. The dominant behaviour of the experimental TCS energy function is a distinct asymmetric enhancement with the maximum located around 6.5 eV. Discernible...
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Emission and properties of airborne wear particles from train brake friction materials based on novolac phenolic resins and butadiene rubbers
PublicationThe emission of airborne particulate matter from a train brake depends on the formulation of its friction material. This study investigates the emission and properties of wear particles from train brake friction materials based on straight or resorcinol-modified novolac phenolic resin and nitrile or styrene butadiene rubber used as binding ingredients. The wear particles are generated by a pin-on-disc tribomachine inside an aerodynamic...
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Evaluation of the content of zinc compounds in polyethylene films using scanning electron microscopy
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the results of in the form of micrographs made using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) S–3400N (Hitachi, Hyogo, Japan) using backscattered electron (BSE) detector. SEM was equipped with tungsten filament. The accelerating voltage was 25 kV. Utilization of BSE detector allowed to increase the contrast of local areas varying in...
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Optimizing CO2 Purification in a Negative CO2 Emission Power Plant
PublicationIn the pursuit of mitigating CO2 emissions, this study investigates the optimisation of CO2 purification within a Negative CO2 Emission Power Plant using a spray ejector condenser (SEC) coupled with a separator. The approach involves direct-contact condensation of vapour, primarily composed of an inert gas (CO2), facilitated by a subcooled liquid spray. A comprehensive analysis is presented, employing a numerical model to simulate...
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CO2 EMISSION TO THE ATMOSPHERE FROM CARBONATE WATERS: THE STUDY CASE OF THE LUBLIN UPLAND AND ROZTOCZE REGIONS
PublicationThe concentration of carbon dioxide dissolved in water (CO2(aq)) was measured in consecutive phases of the hydrological cycle. Its potentially possible degassing from groundwaters to the atmosphere was also assessed. The research was conducted in the area of occurrence of carbonate rocks of the Lublin Upland and Roztocze (SE Poland). The results of the measurements of CO2(aq) concentration varied as follows (min-max/mean): precipitation...
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The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies of low voltage copper cables
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the low voltage copper cables, which were studied in the article discussing the regulatory requirements for checking the electrical resistance of such cables. The cables were cut and studies in cross-section. The full results were published in:
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Electric field effect on luminescence, and photoconduction in electron donor - electron acceptor organic solid films
PublicationZaobserwowano silne wygaszenie fotoluminescencji (80%) i duże fotoprądy (1mA/cm2) w układzie dendrymer aminowy m-MTDATA (donor elektronu) : pochodna fenantroliny BPT (akceptor elektronu) niedomieszkowanym oraz zawierającym domieszkę w postaci organicznego kompleksu platyny PtL2Cl. W interpretacji wyników uwzględniono elektrycznopolową dysocjację singletowych ekscypleksów m-MTDATA:BPT i trypletowych ekscypleksów m-MTDATA : PtL2Cl...
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Measurements of radiation emission of a portable power bank with a capacity of 5200 mAh
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the emission measurement results that are part of comprehensive tests carried out for portable power banks with different capacities. The measurements were performed in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 3 GHz using a Gigahertz Transverse Electromagnetic (GTEM) cell. The test setup was configured to measure a portable power bank...
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Measurements of radiation emission of a portable power bank with a capacity of 2600 mAh
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the emission measurement results that are part of comprehensive tests carried out for portable power banks with different capacities. The measurements were performed in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 3 GHz using a Gigahertz Transverse Electromagnetic (GTEM) cell. The test setup was configured to measure a portable power bank...
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Electron Scattering on X(CH3)4 Molecules: Applicability of Simple Additivity Rule and Role of Methylation
PublicationTo investigate influence of target methylation (substitution of a hydrogen atom by methyl group) on electron-collision processes we compare absolute total cross sections for XH4 and X(CH3)4 molecules, where X is Si and Ge, respectively. We also compare experimental TCSs energy dependencies with estimated data obtained using simple formula and TCSs for methyl group and those for SiH4 and GeH4. Electron-scattering TCSs for mentioned...
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Airborne wear particle emission from train brake friction materials with different contents of steel and copper fibres
PublicationThis study investigated the influence of the amount of steel and copper fibres in a train brake friction material on the tribological performance, emission intensity and characteristics of airborne wear particles. The particles were generated on a pin-on-disc tribometer under controlled friction and environmental conditions. It was found that the steel fibre results in a more intensive emission of 0.3–10 μm particles compared to...
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Analysis of metals in air particles from Gdańsk and London with EDX/EDS detectors in electron microscope
PublicationElectron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX/EDS) is the example of non-destructive analytical method for surface elemental analysis, with a potential detection limit of 0.1-0.5 wt.% for most elements. A spatial resolution <10 nm can be achieved using this technique, which provides a basis for the generation of quantitative and qualitative elemental data for individual particles. In order to obtain quantitative...
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Analysis of airborne metal containing particles with EDX/EDS detectorsin electron microscopes
PublicationIn years 2006-2010 particulate matter analysis was undertaken for dust samples collected from Gdansk and London area in orderto compare their morphology and composition. Part of those studies was devoted to analysis of particulate matter (PM) bearingmetals. Characterization of the morphology and size of the particles collected onto the filters was performed using a scanning electronmicroscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope...
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Application of acoustic emission for detection of fatigue microdemage in main and crank bearings for diesel engines
PublicationThe article presents reasons for applying the acoustic emission (AE) to detect fatigue microdamage in main bearings and crank bearings of ship main engines. Problem of determination of the fatigue life for slide bearing bushes was characterized in general. There were demonstrated properties of the objects of research, which were bushings made of the MB58 alloy, as well as an overall description of the research. It was shown that...
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Thermodynamic Analysis of Negative CO2 Emission Power Plant Using Aspen Plus, Aspen Hysys, and Ebsilon Software
PublicationAbstract: The article presents results of thermodynamic analysis using a zero-dimensional mathematical models of a negative CO2 emission power plant. The developed cycle of a negative CO2 emission power plant allows the production of electricity using gasified sewage sludge as a main fuel. The negative emission can be achieved by the use this type of fuel which is already a “zeroemissive” energy source. Together with carbon capture...
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O 1s excitation and ionization processes in the CO2 molecule studied via detection of low-energy fluorescence emission
PublicationOxygen 1s excitation and ionization processes in the CO2 molecule have been studied with dispersed and non-dispersed fluorescence spectroscopy as well as with the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photon-photoion coincidence technique. The intensity of the neutral O emission line at 845 nm shows particular sensitivity to core-to-Rydberg excitations and core-valence double excitations, while shape resonances are suppressed. In contrast,...
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Pressure dependence of the emission in CaF2 : Yb2+
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INVESTIGATIONS OF THE EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF A DUAL-FUEL GAS TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OPERATING SIMULTANEOUSLY ON LIQUID AND GASEOUS FUELS
PublicationT his study is dedicated to investigations of the working process in a dual-fuel low-emission combustion chamber for a floating vessel’s gas turbine. As the object of the research, a low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber with partial premixing of fuel and air inside the outer and inner radial-axial swirls was chosen. The method of the research is based on the numerical solution of the system of differential...
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Performance and emission characteristics of diesel engines running on gaseous fuels in dual-fuel mode
PublicationConventional fossil fuels are being substituted with alternative green fuels because of their greenhouse gas emissions and pollution problems, which pose a severe threat to the environment. Several studies have reported the usage of biodiesel and gaseous fuels in both single and dual-fuel modes. Gaseous fuels such as producer gas, biogas, syngas, and hydrogen produced from renewable biomass could potentially be used along with...
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Electron-impact ionization of fluoromethanes – Review of experiments and binary-encounter models
PublicationExperiments and recommended data on electron-impact ionization of methane and fluoromethanes (CH3F, CH2F2, CHF3, CF4) are reviewed and compared with binary-encounter models (Gryzinski’s, ´ Deutsch and Märk’s, and Kim and Rudd’s). A good agreement between recent experiments and the two latter classical-like models is shown. Kim and Rudd’s model (calculated presently in the restricted HartreeFock 6-31**G orbital basis) predicts well...
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Tuning of eg electron occupancy of MnCo2O4 spinel for oxygen evolution reaction by partial substitution of Co by Fe at octahedral sites
PublicationTo study the effect of partial Co substitution by Fe in the B site of MnCo2O4 spinel on its physicochemical and electrochemical properties, a series of MnCo2-xFexO4 powders (x=0.125; 0.250; 0.500; 0.750; 1.000) were synthesized by means of the sol-gel method. The produced powders were characterized by powder X ray diffraction (pXRD), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM & TEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy...
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Analysis and assessment of the acoustic emission suitability for determination of the energy states of a tribological system in the form of a four-ball tester friction node
PublicationThe present operating safety and cost reduction requirements of the compression ignition engines make it necessary to search for new methods of detecting their defects, e.g. by the analysis of acoustic emission signals coming from the slide bearings. The paper presents non-destructive measurements of acoustic emission (AE) in order to obtain information on the processes taking place in a tribological system under the continuously...
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The Progress in Electron Microscopy Studies of Particulate Matters to Be Used as a Standard Monitoring Method for Air Dust Pollution
PublicationThe present article reviews studies on air solid particles carried out with the use of electron microscopy. Particle analysis combining scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) can be used to derive size-resolved information of the composition, mixing state, morphology, and complex refractive index of atmospheric aerosol particles. It seems that electron microscopy is more widely used in atmospheric particulate...
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Scanning Electron Microscopy images of nanocubes suspension 1 month after synthesis
Open Research DataThis dataset contains the SEM images of the gold nanocubes suspension in citrate buffer. The goal of the study was to evaluate the size of the synthesized nanocubes, their stability one month after the synthesis process, and to verify the optimal conditions regarding nanocubes concentration for the SEM analysis. Solutions with two different AuNC concentrations...
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Unveiling the electron-induced ionization cross sections and fragmentation mechanisms of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran
PublicationThe interactions of electrons with molecular systems under various conditions are essential to interdisciplinary research fields extending over the fundamental and applied sciences. In particular, investigating electron-induced ionization and dissociation of molecules may shed light on the radiation damage to living cells, the physicochemical processes in interstellar environments, and reaction mechanisms occurring in combustion...
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Hopping or Tunneling? Tailoring the Electron Transport Mechanisms through Hydrogen Bonding Geometry in the Boron-Doped Diamond Molecular Junctions
PublicationMechanisms of charge transport in molecular junctions involving hydrogen bonds are complex and remain mostly unclear. This study is focused on the elucidation of the electron transfer in a molecular device consisting of two boron-doped diamond interfaces bound with an aromatic linker and a hydrogen bonding surrogating molecule. The projected local density of states (PLODS) analysis coupled with transmission spectra and current−voltage...
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An adaptive approach to non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of cast irons containing precipitated graphite particles with the help of magnetoacoustic emission
PublicationPhysical properties of cast irons strongly depend on both their microstructure and the presence of casting defects. The paper analyses the possibility of application of magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) for nondestructive detection of flawed cast iron components. The investigated samples containing dross, chunky graphite and lamellar graphite were compared with the reference, flawless, spheroidal cast iron sample. The optimisation...
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Effect of Electron Beam Power Density on the Structure of Titanium Under Non-Vacuum Electron-Beam Treatment
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Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the boron-dopied diamond surfaces
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the scanning electron micrographs (SEM), revealing the surface morphology of diamond electrodes on different substrates. The diamond surface is characterized by an aggregation of crystals that do not form a continuous layer.
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Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the boron-dopied diamond surfaces
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the scanning electron micrographs (SEM), revealing the surface morphology of diamond electrodes on silicon substrates. The diamond surface is characterized by ultra-crystalline diamonds obtained by CVD synthesis.
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Mitigating the Energy Consumption and the Carbon Emission in the Building Structures by Optimization of the Construction Processes
PublicationFor decades, among other industries, the construction sector has accounted for high energy consumption and emissions. As the energy crisis and climate change have become a growing concern, mitigating energy usage is a significant issue. The operational and end of life phases are all included in the building life cycle stages. Although the operation stage accounts for more energy consumption with higher carbon emissions, the...
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Effects of different external carbon sources and electron acceptors on interactions between denitrification and phosphorus removal in BNR processes
PublicationThe effects of two different external carbon sources (acetate, ethanol) and electron acceptors (dissolved oxygen, nitrate and nitrite) were investigated under aerobic and anoxic conditions with non-acclimated process biomass from a full-scale biological nutrient removal activated sludge system. When acetate was added as an external carbon source, phosphate release was observed even in the presence of electron acceptors. The release...
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Electron collisions with ethylene oxide molecules
PublicationZmierzono całkowite przekroje czynne na rozproszenie elektronów na drobinach tlenku etylenu w zakresie energii od 0.7 do 400 eV. Obliczono przekroje czynne na zderzenia sprężyste oraz przekroje czynne na jonizację. Otrzymane wyniki obliczeń są zgodne z wynikami eksperymentalnymi w pokrywającym się przedziale energii zderzenia. Wyniki uzyskane dla tlenku etylenu porównano z przekrojami czynnymi dla jego izoelektronowego odpowiednika...
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Electron Transport in Naphthalene Diimide Derivatives
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POLFEL - Free Electron Laser in Poland
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Relativistic electron beams above thunderclouds
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Measurements of electron drift velocity in OCS
PublicationWykonano pomiary prędkości dryfu elektronów w funkcji zredukowanego pola elektrycznego E/N. Wyniki tych pomiarów porównano z wynikami pomiarów w CO2 i N2O.
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Amino acid formation by electron irradiation
PublicationW artykule zaprezentowano procedurę badania reakcji indukowanych przez niskoenergetyczne elektrony w mieszanych warstwach molekularnych CH3COOD:NH3.
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Computational studies of a hypocycloidal electron monochromator
PublicationPrzeprowadzono badania hipocykolidalnego monochromatora elektronów, wykorzystując komputerowy program optyki elektronowej CPO-3D. Obliczono i przeprowadzono analizę torów elektronów w wiązce o zadanym rozmyciu kątowym przechodzącej przez monochromator. Ustalono, że rozdzielczość energetyczna monochromatora jest wyższa niż odpowiadającego mu monochromatora trochoidalnego.
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Measurements of electron scattering in the backward direction
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki badań rozproszenia elektronów na atomach i cząsteczkach przeprowadzonych w zakresie dużych kątów rozproszenia do 180o.
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Electron Elastic Collisions with C3F6 Molecule
PublicationObliczono różniczkowy i scałkowany przekrój czynny na zderzenia elektronu z molekułą C3F6 w zakresie średnich i wysokich energii (50-1000eV). Obliczenia wykonano stosując metodę atomów niezależnych. Stwierdzono dobrą zgodność z wynikami oszacowanymi na podstawie eksperymentu.