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Search results for: fischer reaction
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Optimization of Graphene Oxide Synthesis and Its Reduction
PublicationIn this article, we present the review of the chemical methods of synthesis of graphene oxide and its reduction in order to obtain the so-called reduced graphene oxide (rGO) whose properties are similar to those of pure graphene. We also present our experiments and the results in this field and the comparison of the efficiency of different methods of synthesis as well as the reduction of graphene oxide. To characterize the obtained...
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Reactive Energy Billing in Operator Tariffs in Poland
PublicationThe paper describes the current method of reactive energy billing in the tariffs of distribution grid operators in Poland. The current solutions are subject to critical assessment. Issues related to the motivation effect of the current solutions on consumers are analysed. Problems that occur in relation with connecting distributed generators to the distribution grid and challenges related to prosumer billing are indicated.
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Reduction of pressure forces in turbine labyrinth seals
PublicationPrzedstawiono nową metodę zmniejszani sił samowzbudnych typu aerodynamicznego. zastosowano ją do różnych typów nadbandażowych uszczelnień labiryntowych. Efektywność rdukcji sił samowzbudnych wynosiła nawet ponad 60%. Potwierdzone rezultay obliczeniami i eksperymentalnie.
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The Large Customer Reactive Power Control Possibilities
Publicationn this paper the authors wish to draw attention to the rationale for, and the possibility of, the use of local reactive power sources by the Transmission Node Master Controller (TNMC). Large Customers (LC) are one of the possible reactive power sources. The paper presents the issues related to the need for coordination between the control systems installed in the LC network, and coordination between control systems of the LC as...
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In-Situ Processing of Biocomposites via Reactive Extrusion
PublicationLaw regulations, economic and environmental factors are the main causes for the rapidly growing interests in biocomposites’ research, conducted currently in a number of academic and industrial scientific centers. However, weak polymer matrix/filler interactions, common in biocomposites, result in unsatisfactory mechanical properties, which limit their practical applications. From many attempts performed to solve this problem, in-situ...
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Experiences and Challenges in Fatality Reduction on Polish Roads
PublicationAccording to the UN, road safety is the key to achieving sustainable development goals, yet the complexity of how road accidents happen makes this a difficult challenge leaving many countries struggling with the problem. For years, Poland has infamously been one of the EU’s top countries for road-accident fatality rates. Despite that, it has made significant progress in the last thirty years with a fatality reduction of more than...
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Reactive Processing and Functionalization of Ground Tire Rubber
PublicationThe dynamic development of the automotive industry resulted in a sig- nificant increase in rubber wastes, especially end-of-life tires, which are a serious threat to the natural environment and human health. This situation has enforced the industry and academic research groups to search new and cost-effective methods for recycling waste tires. In this field of research, reactive processing and functionaliza- tion seem to be a...
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Thermohydraulic maldistribution reduction in mini heat exchangers
PublicationA detailed numerical investigation has been carried out to analyze the flow maldistribution in 50 parallel 1 mm × 1 mm rectangular minichannels and 1 mm depth minigap section with rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular or concave manifolds in Z-type flow configuration. The working medium was ethanol and the mass flow rate was 5 × 10−4 kg/s. Both sections were heated from the bottom side. Heat flux of 10 000 W/m2 and 5000 W/m2 was...
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Adoption of the F-statistic of Fisher-Snedecor distribution to analyze importance of impact of modifications of injector opening pressure of a compression ignition engine on specific enthalpy value of exhaust gas flow
PublicationThis article analyzes the effect of modifications of injector opening pressure on the operating values of a compression ignition engine, including the temperature of the fumes. A program of experimental investigation is described, considering the available test stand and measurement capabilities. The structure of the test stand on which the experimental measurements were conducted is presented. The method of introducing real modifications...
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Evaluation of the significance of the effect of the active cross-sectional area of the inlet air channel on the specific enthalpy of the exhaust gas of a diesel engine using statistics F of the Fisher-Snedecor distribution
PublicationThis paper presents the application of Fisher-Snedecor distribution F statistics to assess the significance of the influence of changes in the active cross-sectional area of the inlet air channel (Adol) flow in a diesel engine on the observed diagnostic parameter determined on the basis of measurements of the quick changing exhaust gas temperature in the outlet channel, which is the specific enthalpy of the exhaust gas stream within...
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Phosphorus modified hollow, porous Nickel-Cobalt oxides nanocubes with heterostructure for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline
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Chemical-vapor generation of transition metals through the reaction with tetrahydroborate in recent achievements in analytical atomic spectrometry
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Proton transfer reaction from some C–H acids to N-bases in polar aprotic solvents
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The effect of a polyharmonic structure of the perturbation signal on the results of harmonic analysis of the current of a first-order electrode reaction
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The fixed state in impedance measurements of a two-step electrode reaction proceeding with accompanying adsorption of an intermediate product
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Toward an Understanding of the Chemiluminescence Accompanying the Reaction of 9-Carboxy-10-methylacridinium Phenyl Ester with Hydrogen Peroxide
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Effect of preparation conditions and promoters on the structure and activity of the ammonia decomposition reaction catalyst based on nanocrystalline cobalt
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The role of aluminium in metal–organic frameworks derived carbon doped with cobalt in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction
PublicationWater electrolysis is one of the most crucial processes in the development of new energy sources, where ultra-clean fuel is produced - hydrogen. Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the sluggish process of overall water splitting. Therefore, this study presents the design, characterization and electrochemical study of cobalt-based electrocatalysts embedded into porous carbons derived from an Al-metal–organic...
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The effect of the iron oxidation degree on distribution of promotors in the fused catalyst precursors and their activity in the ammonia synthesis reaction
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Raman investigation of minor component reaction during polymer synthesisprocess. IV Workshop on Atomic and Molecular Physics.
PublicationWykonano badania ramanowskie reakcji zachodzących podczas procesu wytwarzania polimerów hybrydowych w ich części organicznej. Optyczne monitorowanie przebiegu reakcji w czasie rzeczywistym umożliwiło zbadanie ich efektywności oraz czasu trwania. Wyjaśniono też rolę katalizatorów.
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Tailoring a low-energy ball milled MnCo2O4 spinel catalyst to boost oxygen evolution reaction performance
PublicationThe development of cost-efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is one of the most important tasks facing modern techniques for hydrogen production. In this work, for the first time, a low-energy ball milling process of MnCo2O4 (MCO) spinel powders, with a mechanical modification time exceeding 1 day was used. After 6 days of ball-milling, the obtained overpotential of the electrocatalyst reached the value of 375 mV...
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Real-Time Monnitoring of Vegetable Oils' Thermal Degradation Using Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry
PublicationThe volatile aldehydes, which are generated during frying, can be harmful to human health, therefore the concentration of these compounds in frying fumes should be monitored. In addition, aldehydes are markers of oils’ quality, and so it is possible to determine shelf-life or suitability for frying of these oils. Commonly, in order to determine aldehydes concentration gas chromatography is performed, however it does not allow for...
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Impact of Tetrazolium Ionic Liquid Thermal Decomposition in Solvothermal Reaction on the Remarkable Photocatalytic Properties of TiO2 Particles
PublicationIonic liquids (ILs) could serve as a structuring agent, a solvent, or a source of dopant during solvothermal synthesis of semiconductors particles. To understand the role of IL during formation of TiO2 particles, it is necessary to study the stability of this IL in solvothermal synthesis conditions, as well as studying the surface properties of formed TiO2 particles. In view of this, the effect of the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium...
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Short-term Price Reaction to Involuntary Bankruptcies Filed in Bad Faith: Empirical Evidence from Poland
PublicationPurpose: Assessing the reaction of the prices of shares of companies listed in the Warsaw Stock Exchange to the public disclosure of information about the filing a bankruptcy petition in bad faith by creditors. Design/Methodology/Approach: Event study analysis. Findings: It can therefore be assumed that the filing of an unfounded bankruptcy petition does not, in the short term, have a statistically significant negative impact on...
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Convenient Synthesis of Functionalized Unsymmetrical Vinyl Disulfides and Their Inverse Electron-Demand Hetero-Diels-Alder Reaction
PublicationThe simple, convenient, and efficient methods for the preparation of unsymmetrical vinyl disulfides with additional functional groups under mild conditions with moderate to high yields were designed. The developed methods include the reaction of S-vinyl phosphorodithioate with thiotosylates or S-vinyl thiotosylate with thiols. The designed methods allow for the synthesis of unsymmetrical vinyl disulfides with additional functionalities...
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Glutathione-mediated conjugation of anticancer drugs: an overview of reaction mechanisms and biological significance for drug detoxification and bioactivation.
PublicationThe effectiveness of many anticancer drugs depends on the creation of specific metabolites that may alter their therapeutic or toxic properties. One significant route of biotransformation is a conjugation of electrophilic compounds with reduced glutathione, which can be non-enzymatic and/or catalyzed by glutathione-dependent enzymes. Glutathione usually combines with anticancer drugs and/or their metabolites to form more polar...
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Reactions of Plasmodium falciparum Ferredoxin:NADP+ Oxidoreductase with Redox Cycling Xenobiotics: A Mechanistic Study
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Nitrobenzimidazoles as Substrates for DT-Diaphorase and Redox Cycling Compounds: Their Enzymatic Reactions and Cytotoxicity
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Amine-Catalyzed Direct Aldol Reactions of Hydroxy- and Dihydroxyacetone: Biomimetic Synthesis of Carbohydrates
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Chemometric optimization of derivatization reactions prior to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis
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A new type of B-podand catalysts for solid–liquid phase transfer reactions
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Exposure to non-opioid analgesics during pregnancy and the risk of adverse drug reactions
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DRESS SYNDROME AS SERIOUS SKIN HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH OLANZAPINE: CASE REPORT
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Application of high pressure laser flash photolysis in studies on selected hemoprotein reactions
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Kinetics of photochromic reactions of substituted azobenzenes in solutions, and in liquid crystalline and polymer matrices
PublicationBadano kinetykę fotochromowych reakcji pochodnych azobenzenu: eterów koronowych z resztą benzenu i 4-metoksy-4´-halogenoazobenzenów zdolnych do tworzenia fazy ciekłokrystalicznej. Fotoaktywne związki rozpuszczano w alkanach, polimerach i w ciekłokrystalicznej matrycy. Izomeryzacja odpowiada kinetyce pierwszego rzędu w niektórych polimerach, jednakże stwierdzono zróżnicowanie stałych szybkości reakcji. Termiczna izomeryzacja cis-trans...
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Hydrothermal reactions: From the synthesis of ligand to new lanthanide 3D-coordination polymers
PublicationThe organic ligand 2,5-piperazinedione-1,4-diaceticacid (H2PDA) was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions starting from the iminodiacetic acid and catalyzed by oxalic acid. The X-ray powder diffraction data indicates that the compound crystallizes in the P21/c space group as reported in the literature. The ligand was also characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic nuclear resonance, infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric...
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Allergic reactions as a defense of the organism to the influence of implants components made of stainless steel
PublicationDue to the increasing number of cases of hypersensitivity caused by direct contact with metals, as well as the increasing demand for implants in humans all ages numerous studies on the effects of the impact of implant components are being carried out. The paper presents the phenomenon of etiology of allergy in general terms and in relation to the biomaterials used in medicine. There have been characterized in terms of impact on...
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Allergic Reactions as a Defense of the Organism to the Influence of Implants Components Made of Stainless Steel
PublicationDue to the increasing number of cases of hypersensitivity caused by direct contact with metals, as well as the increasing demand for implants in humans all ages numerous studies on the effects of the impact of implant components are being carried out. The paper presents the phenomenon of etiology of allergy in general terms and in relation to the biomaterials used in medicine. There have been characterized in terms of impact on...
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Interaction of 4-nitrothiophenol with low energy electrons: Implications for plasmon mediated reactions
PublicationThe reduction of 4-nitrothiophenol (NTP) to 4-4′-dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) on laser illuminated noble metal nanoparticles is one of the most widely studied plasmon mediated reactions. The reaction is most likely triggered by a transfer of low energy electrons from the nanoparticle to the adsorbed molecules. Besides the formation of DMAB, dissociative side reactions of NTP have also been observed. Here, we present a crossed electron-molecular...
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A chemo-mechano-thermodynamical contact theory for adhesion, friction, and (de)bonding reactions
PublicationThis work presents a self-contained continuum formulation for coupled chemical, mechanical, and thermal contact interactions. The formulation is very general and, hence, admits arbitrary geometry, deformation, and material behavior. All model equations are derived rigorously from the balance laws of mass, momentum, energy, and entropy in the framework of irreversible thermodynamics, thus exposing all the coupling present in the...
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First highly effective non-catalytic nitrobenzene reduction in UV/dithionite system with aniline production – Advanced reduction process (ARP) approach
PublicationAdvanced reduction processes (ARPs) are currently intensively investigated as an alternative to Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs). The study presents efficient reduction of nitrobenzene under non-catalytic conditions through reaction with free radicals having reductive potential. Effective conversion of nitrobenzene in a model wastewater solution, was obtained for sodium dithionite (SDT)/ dithionite (DTN). The developed process...
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The Studies on α-Pinene Oxidation over the TS-1. The Influence of the Temperature, Reaction Time, Titanium and Catalyst Content
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Advantages of continuous Fenton reaction over the traditional batch process in wastewater treatment in a single and two-step mode
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Reaction of methanol ligated manganese(II) silanethiolate with pyridine related ligands - different structures of complexes with MnNO2S2 kernel
PublicationReakcja silanotiolanu manganu(II) z pirydyną i jej metylowymi pochodnymi prowadzi do uzyskania heteroleptycznych kompleksów o tym samym rdzeniu MnNO2S2, ale o różnym typie strukturalnym. W przypadku posłużenia się pirydyną i 2-metylopirydyną uzyskano układy zawierające dwie cząsteczki alkoholu przykoordynowane do centrum metalicznego. Z kolei w przypadku 3- i 4-metylopirydyny funkcję S,O-donorów spełniają reszty silanotiolanowe.
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Reaction of bis[bis(tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolato)cadmium(II)] with 3,5-dimethylpyridine - 113Cd NMR Solution study
PublicationAnaliza 113Cd NMR dla reakcji bis[bis(tri-tert-butoksysilanotiolanu)kadmu(II)] z 3,5-dimetylopirydyną została przeprowadzona w roztworze benzenu-d6 i toluenu-d8. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują, że w roztworze istnieje równowaga pomiędzy powstającymi mieszanymi kompleksami kadmu z ligandami siarkowymi i azotowymi.
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Reaction Model Taking into Account the Catalyst Morphology and Its Active Specific Surface in the Process of Catalytic Ammonia Decomposition
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A subdomain model for armature reaction field and open‐circuit field prediction in consequent pole permanent magnet machines
PublicationIn this paper, the machine quantity, such as electromagnetic torque, self and mutual inductances, and electromotive force, is analytically calculated for non-overlapping winding consequent pole slotted machine for open-circuit field and armature reaction. The sub-domain approach of (2-D) analytical model is developed using Maxwell's equations and divide the problem into slots, slot-openings, airgap and magnets region, the magnet...
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Acid-aided epoxy-amine curing reaction as reflected in epoxy/Fe3O4 nanocomposites: Chemistry, mechanism, and fracture behavior
PublicationThis work seeks to answer the question whether or not the presence of acid functional groups accelerate epoxyamine curing reaction. Epoxy/Fe3O4 nanocomposite was considered as a case, where discussions are based on chemistry, mechanism behind curing reactions and fracture behavior influenced by acid assistance to crosslinking. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with nanosilica decorative layer (B-MNP) were synthesized and subsequently...
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Free-standing TiO2 nanotubes decorated with spherical nickel nanoparticles as a cost-efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction
PublicationHere, we report significant activity towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) of spherical nickel nanoparticles (NPs) electrodeposited onto free-standing TiO2 nanotubes (TNT) via cyclic voltammetry. It has been shown that simple manipulation of processing parameters, including scan rate and number of cycles, allows for formation of the NPs in various diameters and amounts. The polarization data with respect to transmission electron...
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The impedance of hydrogen oxidation reaction in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell in the presence of carbon monoxide in hydrogen stream
PublicationEvaluation of performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which is affected by carbon monoxide that pollutes the hydrogen stream, was presented. This influence was studied for carbon monoxide concentration of 125–325 ppb, which are close to values specified in ISO 14687:2019 standard. Performed studies provided crucial information for further development of fuel cell as an energy source for automotive application. Impedance...