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Search results for: LOGNORMAL DISTRIBUTION
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A Multicriteria Analysis for the Green VRP: A Case Discussion for the Distribution Problem of a Spanish Retailer
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Improved model of void fraction distribution in two-phase flow in the boundary layer
PublicationPraca skupiona jest na eksperymentalnej weryfikacji sił działających na pęcherzyk gazowy przepływający wzdłuż ścianki kanału, a następnie implementacji uzyskanych wyników do zaproponowanego wczesniej przez jednego z współautorów modelu rozkładu stopnia zapełnienia w warstwie przyściennej przepływu dwufazowego. Podczas badań pęcherzyk modelowany był sztywną kulą podwieszoną na strunie. Autorzy przekonują, że pokazany model dobrze...
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Sea surface temperature distribution during upwelling along the Polish Baltic coast
PublicationAmong over 150 maps of sea surface temperature in the Polish Baltic coastal region derived from satellite data during the warm period of the year (April-October) in 2000-2002, 41 cases were noted where its distribution showed characteristic features indicating the occurrence of coastal upwelling. The fundamental parameters of range, probability of occurrence and temperature modification caused by water from deeper sea layers...
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Uptake, tissue distribution, and metabolism of malachite green in the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)
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The influence of oscillatory low pressure on bacteria number in groundwater supplied to distribution system
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki wstępnych badań laboratoryjnych nad wpływem stałego podwyższonego ciśnienia oraz częstych i gwałtownych jego zmian na liczbę bakterii w wodzie podziemnej. Określono zmiany liczby bakterii heterotroficznych (na agarze R2A) oraz całkowitej liczby bakterii (DAPI) w wodzie podziemnej (w temperaturze 20 st.C w okresie 96 h) poddawanej ciągłemu ciśnieniu 0,6 MPa i porównano z uzyskanymi w wodzie poddanej gwałtownym...
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Distribution and concentration of heavy metals in ash during thermal process sewage sludge
PublicationKażdego roku na świecie, obserwuje się znaczący wzrost produkcji osadów ściekowych. Przykładowo w 2006 roku, w Polsce ich ilość osiągnęła 1 mln ton w przeliczeniu na sucha masę, w tym ok. połowa pochodziła z oczyszczalni komunalnych. Problem ich zagospodarowania stanowi przedmiot zainteresowania wielu instytucji zajmujących się ochroną środowiska, zarówno w Polsce, jak i na całym świecie. Ich dotychczasowe wykorzystania polegało...
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Monitoring of Chlorine Concentration in Drinking Water Distribution Systems Using an Interval Estimator
PublicationThis paper describes the design of an interval observer for the estimation of unmeasured quality state variables in drinking water distribution systems. The estimator utilizes a set bounded model of uncertainty to produce robust interval bounds on the estimated state variables of the water quality. The bounds are generated by solving two differential equations. Hence the numerical efficiency is sufficient for on-line monitoring...
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Bulk quantity and physical properties of boron nitride nanocapsules with a narrow size distribution
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Bulk synthesis of carbon-filled silicon carbide nanotubes with a narrow diameter distribution
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Investigation of the vertical distribution of the sound speed of the Gulf of Gdansk in the years 2000-2010
PublicationThe conditions of the acoustic wave propagation in the southern Baltic are much more complex than in other shallow waters. In the typical shallow water, seasonal changes in acoustical conditions in the upper layer, of the depth of about 60-70 m, are observed. They are caused by variation of the annual meteorological conditions. Most often, in the deep water layer, acoustical conditions are stable throughout the year. However, in...
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Electricity Supplier Switching Process in Poland – a Process Based on the General Distribution Agreement
PublicationPoland, as a Member State of the European Union, is committed to respect the common rules on the electricity market, among other things. One of the most important examples of these regulations is the perception of energy as a commodity subject to competitive market mechanisms. Competitive processes introduced in the national electricity market enable energy consumers, i.a., choice of electricity supplier under the TPA formula....
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Simulation of Residence Time Distribution and Mixing in Reactors with Recirculation Using 2D Approach
PublicationIn this paper, we propose a 2D approach in order to create a mathematical model for the determination of the residence time distribution for a flow reactor with recirculation. Apart from characterizing the functional residence time distribution, this model can help improve the operation of the reactor at the design stage. The mathematical model was validated by comparison with experiments carried out in a hydraulic laboratory.
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FEM modelling of stress and strain distribution in weld joints of steel sandwich panels
PublicationThe development of laser welding technology has enabled the mass production of thin-walled structures, including steel sandwich panels. The technology of joining plating panels with stiffeners by welding allows us to create joints with a specific geometry and material properties. In comparison with other types of joints, laser welds are characterized by their specific behaviour under cyclic load and, as a consequence, a different...
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Direct algorithm for optimizing robust MPC of drinking water distribution systems hydraulics
PublicationModel-based predictive control is an effective method for control the large scale systems [1]–[6], [8], [16], [17]. Method is based on on-line solution of the control task over the control horizon using current and past measurements, as well as the system model. Only a first element of calculated control sequence is applied to the plant. At the next sampling instant, based on new process output measurements, control procedure is...
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Investigation of the distribution of imidazolium ionic liquids in the environment - aggregation in water and sorption on minerals
PublicationWpływ cieczy jonowych na środowisko, a w szczególności: migracja do wód powierzchniowych i gruntowych, jak również transport/retencja w gruntach jest determinowany przede wszystkim przez właściwości fizykochemiczne cieczy jonowej jak i właściwości matrycy środowiskowej. Znajomość zjawisk zachodzących w wyniku kontaktu cieczy jonowych z wodą oraz glebą jest jednym z podstawowych warunków oceny ryzyka chemicznego. W pracy wykazano,...
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Distribution Transformer with Multi-Zone Voltage Regulation for Smart Grid System Application
PublicationThe article presents four concepts of the multi-zone voltage regulation (MZVR) system. It is a combination of a distribution transformer with an on-load tap-changer, for step voltage regulation, and a power electronic converter, dimensioned for a fraction of MZVR power, realizing continuous voltage regulation, supplemented by a special switch, the so-called bypass. This allows voltage regulation at high resolution, wide range and...
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Modular power converter topologies for energy storage and electric power distribution systems
PublicationThis paper describes selected issues concerning realization of energy storage system (ESS) designed to operate in power distribution system. In order to achieve scalability of the system a modular approach is proposed. In addition to this different configuration of the system are analyzed, where depending on requirements and application a scalability in power, in energy capacity of energy storage resource and both in power and...
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INFLUENCE OF WRONGLY ASSUMED PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION ON THE UNCERTAINTY OF RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT BY TECHNICAL METHOD
PublicationThe paper presents studies on the influence of probability distributions on the expanded uncertainty of the resistance measurement. Choosing the correct probability distribution is very important to estimate of measurement uncertainty. The most commonly used distribution is the rectangular distribution. The paper presents the results of analysis of the resistance measurement uncertainty using the technical method of two resistances:...
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Smart MV/LV distribution transformer for Smart Grid with active prosumer participation
PublicationWraz z rozwojem sieci dystrybucyjnych i ich stopniowym przekształcaniem w inteligentne sieci typu Smart Grid będzie rosłoznaczenie i udział sterowanych układów przekształtnikowych mocy stosowanych jako interfejsy pomiędzy źródłami energii a sieciąoraz pomiędzy siecią a odbiorcami. W artykule rozwinięto koncepcję wymiany konwencjonalnych transformatorów dystrybucyjnych50 Hz na inteligentne transformatory dystrybucyjne. Zaproponowano...
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Methods for evaluation packet delay distribution of flows using Expedited Forwarding PHB.
PublicationArtykuł dotyczy problemu zapewnienia statystycznych gwarancji jakości obsługi dla strumieni czasu rzeczywistego korzystających z Expedited Forwarding Per Hop Behavior (EF PHB) w sieci IP Differentiated Services. Statystyczne podejście do określenia gwarancji jakościowych, oparte na obliczaniu prawdopodobieństwa że opóźnienie pakietów od końca do końca jest większe niż określona wielkość, pozwala lepsze wykorzystanie sieci niż poprzednio...
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Composition and distribution of meiofauna, including nematode genera, in two contrasting Arctic beaches.
PublicationPraca dotyczy porównania zbiorowiska meiofauny, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem nicieni, na dwóch różnych plażach Arktycznych. Badania prowadzono na Wyspie Niedzwiedziej należącej do archipelagu Svalbard.
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On the possibility of estimating fish length distribution from its target strength statistics.
PublicationArtykuł przedstawia koncepcję odtwarzania rozkładu długości ryb na podstawie danych z przeszukiwań akustycznych. Wykorzystując metody odwrotne w statystycznym przetwarzaniu rozkładu siły celu ryb pokazano, że przy pewnych założeniach co do rozkładu położenia ryb w wiązce, możliwa jest estymacja szukanego rozkładu długości ryb.
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FE-calculations of stress distribution under prismatic and conical sandpiles within hypoplasticity.
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki numerycznej rozkładu naprężeń pod pryzmatycznymi i stożkowymi stosami piasku w ramach mikropolarnej hipoplastyczności. Wyniki pokazują, że rozkład naprężeń zależy od sposobu napełnienia stożku piaskiem. W niektórych przypadkach, maksymalne naprężenie nie występuje w środku stosu piasku.
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FE-calculations of stress distribution under prismatic and conical sandpiles within hypoplasticity
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki numerycznej rozkładu naprężeń pod pryzmatycznymi i stożkowymi stosami piasku w ramach mikropolarnej hipoplastyczności. Wyniki pokazują, że rozkład naprężeń zależy od sposobu napełnienia stożku piaskiem. W niektórych przypadkach, maksymalne naprężenie nie występuje w środku stosu piasku.
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Analysis of the KZK equation solution for fixed pressure distributions at the piston
PublicationPraca dotyczy zagadnienia oddziaływania fal o dużej amplitudzie, generowanych przez przetwornik kołowy o gaussowskim rozkładzie ciśnienia. Model matematyczny zbudowano w oparciu o równania KZK. Do rozwiązania zagadnienia zastosowano metodę różnic skończonych. Badano zmiany ciśnienia fal różnych częstotliwości w obrębie wiązki akustycznej. Wyniki obliczeń numerycznych porównano z odpowiednimi rozwiązaniami analitycznymi
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Determination of energy-transfer distributions in ionizing ion-molecule collisions
PublicationThe main objective of this study is to determine the energy transfer occuring in ion-molecule collisions. In order to solve this problem, we followed two approaches; the first one by validating a purely experimental method and the second one by testing a new theoretical model M3C (Microcanonical Metropolis Monte Carlo).
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Numerical modeling of sound intensity distributions around acoustic transducer
PublicationThe aim of this research study is to measure, simulate and compare sound intensity distribution generated by the acoustic transducers of the loudspeaker. The comparison of the gathered data allows for validating the numerical model of the acoustic radiation. An accurate model of a sound source is necessary in mathematical modeling of the sound field distribution near the scattering obstacles. An example of such obstacle is a human...
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New distributional data on Bryophytes of Poland, 1
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I protagonisti della grande distribuzione in Europa
PublicationThe chapter outlines the main aspects of the history of some of the most important big European department stores (El Corte Ingles, Auchan, Carrefour, LeClerc, Aldi, Esselunga and the Finiper Group,
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Distribution of population by tenure status, 2015 (% of population)
Open Research DataFactor affecting the attractiveness of property market in terms of investment, especially of housing, is the ratio of the number of dwellings owned by the population .In 2015, more than a quarter (26.9%) of the EU population lived in their own housing with credit or mortgages, while over 42% occupied their own residential units without credit or mortgages....
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Plasma models, contribution matrix for detector setup and generated projections for plasma emissivity reconstruction in fusion devices
Open Research DataThe original plasma models for fusion devices, together with the complementary detector setup in the form of a contribution matrix and generated projections. Samples are packed inside a Plasma Tomography Format (PTF) files which is a part of the Plasma Tomography in Fusion Devices Python package, and inside the general JSON format. The constructed dataset...
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INFLUENCE OF TACK WELDS DISTRIBUTION AND WELDING SEQUENCE ON THE ANGULAR DISTORTION OF TIG WELDED JOINT
PublicationIn this paper the influence of tack welds distribution and welding sequence on angular distortion of the Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welded joint was tested. Additionally, the effect of welding current on angular distortion was assessed. For research X2CrTiNb18 (AISI 441) stainless steel (2.5 mm thick) was chosen. During research specimens were prepared with different distributionsof tack...
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Complementary studies of residual stress distribution of repaired power plant steam turbine casing
PublicationRozkład i poziom naprężeń własnych w korpusach turbin badano za pomocą efektu Barkhausena oraz metodą nawiercania otworów. Badano również twardość. Korpusy były reperowane metodą zaspawania. Wykazano, iż zastosowana technologia nie wprowadza naprężeń o poziomie zagrażającym dalszej ekploatacji korpusu.
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Anthropogenic trace metals in Setiu Wetland: Spatial and seasonal distribution and implications for environmental health
PublicationThe growing urban wastewater volume poses a major global environmental challenge, especially in developing nations where inadequate treatment and discharge impact clean water availability. This study focused on Setiu Wetland, aiming to analyze seasonal and spatial variations of trace metals in particulate form from anthropogenic and pathogenic sources. Surface water samples were collected from multiple stations, measuring physical...
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Microscopic Imaging to Visualize the Distribution of Dietary Nucleic Acids in Food Products of Various Origins
PublicationDietary nucleic acids (dietNAs) are being increasingly recognized as important food components with nutritional value. However, the precise dietary recommendations for dietNAs are limited, because established methods for determining the quantity and nutritional role of dietNAs are still lacking. One of the tools to narrow this gap could be microscopic imaging, as a convenient approach to visualize the abundance and distribution...
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Distribution and mobility of rare earth elements (Sc,Y) in selected types of soils (Poland)
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Influence of ice concentration and floe-size distribution on cluster formation in sea-ice floes
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Shear-Jamming in Two-Dimensional Granular Materials with Power-Law Grain-Size Distribution
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Sea-ice floe-size distribution in the context of spontaneous scaling emergence in stochastic systems
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Mercury in suspended matter of the Gulf of Gdańsk: Origin, distribution and transport at the land–sea interface
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Flow distribution and heat transfer in minigap and minichannel heat exchangers during flow boiling
PublicationThe topic of boiling heat transfer in miniscale geometries has focused the ever increasing interest of researchers in recent years. However, most of the works are related to mini- and microchannels and much less to minigaps. Meanwhile, minigaps allow for more comprehensive experimental studies, i.e. flow visualisations due to the flat, two-dimensional configuration of the flow. The results of the experimental investigations of...
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Multi-objective electric distribution network reconfiguration solution using runner-root algorithm
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Distribution and extent of benthic habitats in Puck Bay (Gulf of Gdańsk, southern Baltic Sea)
PublicationThe majority of the southern Baltic Sea seabed encompasses homogenous soft-bottom sediments of limited productivity and low biological diversity, but shallow productive areas in the coastal zone such as wetlands, vegetated lagoons and sheltered bays show a high variety of benthic habitat types offering favourable biotopic conditions for benthic fauna. Within Polish marine areas, semi-enclosed Puck Bay (the western part of the...
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Mercury in suspended matter of the Gulf of Gdańsk: Origin, distribution and transport at the land–sea interface
PublicationThe coastal regions of inland seas are particularly vulnerable to Hg pollution. An important carrier of toxic Hg in the marine environment is suspended matter originating from multiple sources. The present study was conducted in the Gulf...
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Invasive giant hogweeds in Poland: Risk of burns among forestry workers and plant distribution
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Size-exclusion chromatography for the determination of the boiling point distribution of high-boiling petroleum fractions
PublicationThe paper describes a new procedure for the determination of boiling point distribution of high-boiling petroleum fractions using size exclusion chromatography with refractive index detector. Thus far, the determination of boiling range distribution by chromatography has been accomplished using simulated distillation with gas chromatography with the flame ionization detection. This study revealed that in spite of substantial differences...
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A biochemical multi-species quality model of a drinking water distribution system for simulation and design
PublicationDrinking Water Distribution Systems (DWDSs) play a key role in sustainable development of modern society. They are classified as critical infrastructure systems. This imposes a large set of highly demanding requirements on the DWDS operation and requires dedicated algorithms for on-line monitoring and control to tackle related problems. Requirements on DWDS availability restrict the usability of the real plant in the design phase....
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Influence of plastic deformation on stray magnetic field distribution of soft magnetic steel sample
PublicationThe effect of various combinations of conditions, i.e., presence of the Earth’s magnetic field during and after deformation on the distribution of stray magnetic field of S355 steel sample, which is locally deformed, was investigated. Some of the stages of the experiment were carried out in zero magnetic field. Compensation of the Earth’s magnetic field was obtained by the application of a pair of Helmholtz coils. These coils are...
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Robust output prediction of differential – algebraic systems – application to drinking water distribution system
PublicationThe paper presents the recursive robust output variable prediction algorithm, applicable for systems described in the form of nonlinear algebraic-differential equations. The algorithm bases on the uncertainty interval description, the system model, and the measurements. To improve the algorithm efficiency, nonlinear system models are linearised along the nominal trajectory. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated on...
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Visual Attention Distribution Based Assessment of User's Skill in Electronic Medical Record Navigation
PublicationCurrently, the most precise way of reflecting the skills level is an expert’s subjective assessment. In this paper we investigate the possibility of the use of eye tracking data for scalar quantitative and objective assessment of medical staff competency in EMR system navigation. According to the experiment conducted by Yarbus the observation process of particular features is associated with thinking. Moreover, eye tracking is...