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Measurement of mass flow of viscous liquid through a Cylindrical Orifice under laminar flow (CylOr)
Dane BadawczeThe data was obtained as part of the project "Measurement of mass flow of viscous liquid through a Cylindrical Orifice under laminar flow (CylOr)", in which flow tests of hydraulic oil through a cylindrical orifice with a thickness of l = 25 mm and a throat b = 0.5 (diameter pipes D = 50 mm, orifice diameter d = 25 mm) on the test stand at the Department...
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Crystal structures of eight- and ten-membered cyclic bisanisylphosphonothioyl disulfanes and comparison with their P-ferrocenyl analogues
PublikacjaTwo new crystal structures of eight- and ten-membered cyclic bisanisylphosphonothioyl disulfanes, namely 2,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,6,3,4,25,55- dioxadithiadiphosphocane-2,5-dithione, C16H18O4P2S4, and 2,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,6,3,4,25,55-dioxadithiadiphosphecane-2,5-dithione, C18H22O4P2S4, have been determined and compared to structures of the ferrocenyl analogues. The eight-membered rings have similar conformations (TBC) but...
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Special Issue on “Advanced Liquid Waste and Gas Waste Treatment Processes”
PublikacjaThe editorial contains a short review of the content of the Special Issue on waste gas and liquid streams treatment strategies.
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A closer look at how the dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method works. Investigation of the effect of solvent mixture composition on the quality and stability of the cloudy state
PublikacjaThe dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) is one of the most popular miniaturized extraction procedures. In this paper, the degree of dispersion and dispersion stability were studied with the aim to assess the correlations of these parameters with efficiency for the selected analytical application. The dependence between the degree of dispersion (cloudy state quality) and its stability obtained by various emulsification...
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Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for in situ determination of biogenic amines in meat: Estimation of meat's freshness
PublikacjaA dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) technique was developed for the determination of selected biogenic amines (BAs) in samples of poultry, pork and beef. Prior to the extraction process, an appropriate volume of sodium hydroxide solution was added to each of the portioned samples. Next, samples were homogenized, centrifuged and finally sonicated at an increased temperature....
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A model of liquid film breakdown formed due to impingement of a two-phase jet on a horizontal surface
PublikacjaThe present work aims to provide an explanation to the phenomenon of breakdown of the thin liquid film created by impinging two-phase, liquid-gas jet. Existing in the literature models describe merely thebreakdown of single phase liquid films. The model presented here is based on examination of mass and energy equations under the applied criterion of the minimum of total energy. That allows to determinethe minimum thickness of...
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Liquid chromatography techniques for separation of flavonoids from Droseraceae
PublikacjaFlavonoids which are presented in insectivorous plants of the Droseraceae family have wide range of advantageous properties i.e. an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities, antitumor activity was reported as well.The purpose of the research was to develop the most favourable conditions for liquid chromatographic separation and identification of myricetin and quercetin in extracts of insectivorous plants. In...
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Fabrication and Crystal Structure of Sol-Gel Deposited BST Thin Films with Compositional Gradient
PublikacjaIn the present research technology of compositionally graded barium strontium titanate Ba1-xSrxTiO3 thin films deposited on stainless steel substrates by sol-gel spin coating followed with thermal annealing at T = 650°C is reported. Results of thermal behavior of the sol-gel derived powders with compositions used for fabrication of graded structure (i.e. with Sr mole fraction x = 0.5, 0.4 and 0.3) are described. X-ray diffraction...
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Interaction between acoustic and non-acoustic mode in bubbly liquid
PublikacjaThe nonlinear interaction of acoustic and entropy modes in a bubbly liquid is the subject of investigation. Thedynamic equation governing an excess density of the entropy mode is derived. Nonlinearity and dispersion are the reasons forexcitation of the entropy mode. The nonlinear interaction of modes as a reason for bubble to grow due to sound, is discovered.Some numerical examples of the modes interactions are made.
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Application of In-Syringe Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction and Narrow-Bore Tube Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Determination of Trace Amounts of BTEX in Water Samples
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Measurement of activity coefficients at infinite dilution of organic solutes in the ionic liquid 1-hexyl-1,4-diaza[2.2.2]bicyclooctanium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide using gas–liquid chromatography
PublikacjaBased on gas–liquid chromatography (GLC) retention data, activity coefficients at infinite dilution of 39 different solutes in the ionic liquid 1-hexyl-1,4-diaza[2.2.2]bicyclooctanium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([HDABCO][NTf2]) have been determined. Measurements covered a broad range of types of organic solutes including alkanes, alcohols, ketones, benzene derivatives and McReynold’s compounds. Activity coefficients were...
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Phosphorus and nitrogen forms in liquid fraction of digestates from agricultural biogas plants
PublikacjaThe novelty of the presented research is the determination of the nitrogen and phosphorus fraction in the liquid fraction of digestate from agricultural biogas plants. This information is important because it can help in proposing possible further liquid fraction management or developing of new technologies for their purification. The research covered digestates from agricultural biogas plants, obtained from the fermentation of...
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Novel 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives as Mimics of Steroidal System—Synthesis, Crystal Structures Determination, Hirshfeld Surfaces Analysis and Molecular Docking
PublikacjaHerein, we present the synthesis and crystal structures determination of five 4-(1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)phenol derivatives containing halogen atoms, 6a–e, which may be used as an excellent mimic of steroids in the drug development process. Good quality crystals obtained for all of the synthesized compounds allowed the analysis of their molecular structures. Subsequently, the determined crystal structures were used to calculate...
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Excitation of Waves in a Dispersive Medium. Example of Flow of a Bubbly Liquid
PublikacjaThe excitation of wave motion by an external source and the interaction of modes inherent to a ow in a dispersive medium are considered. Dispersion is caused by the presence of gaseous bubbles in a liquid. A large variety of steady excited waveforms is possible when the exciting wave is also steady and propagates at a constant velocity. The velocities of the exciter and forced waves may be dierent. This leads to a variety of non-stationary...
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On phase equilibrium of an elastic liquid shell with wedge disclination
PublikacjaBased on the six-parameter shell theory we consider the phase equilibrium of a two-phase liquid membrane containing a wedge disclination. The considered problems are related to modelling of phase transitions in biological or lipid membranes. In order to capture the membrane behaviour we consider a special case of elastic shells which energy is invariant under major transformations of a reference configuration and can be treated...
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The accretion of the new ice layer on the surface of hexagonal ice crystal and the influence of the local electric field on this process
PublikacjaThe process of creation of a new layer of ice on the basal plane and on the prism plane of a hexagonal ice crystal is analyzed. It is demonstrated that the ordering of water molecules in the already existing crystal affects the freezing. On the basal plane, when the orientations of water molecules in the ice block are random, the arrangement of the new layer in a cubic manner is observed more frequently — approximately 1.7 times...
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PROGRESS IN CRYSTAL GROWTH AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MATERIALS
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Application of quartz crystal microbalance and dynamic impedance spectroscopy to the study of copper corrosion inhibitors
PublikacjaThe study investigates the application of Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (DEIS) and Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance (EQCM) techniques to examine the corrosion inhibition of copper by Benzotriazole and Sodium Folate in a 0.1 M NaCl solution. DEIS, an advanced version of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), allows for real-time monitoring of non-stationary electrochemical systems,...
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Natural deep eutectic solvent based ultrasound assisted liquid-liquid micro-extraction method for methyl violet dye determination in contaminated river water
PublikacjaSimple and green natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) based ultrasound assisted liquid-liquid micro-extraction (UA-LLME) method was developed for extraction and determination of methyl violet dye in contaminated river water samples using UV/Vis spectrophotometry. Choline chloride - decanoic acid based natural deep eutectic solvent was used for extraction. Important analytical parameters like pH, deep eutectic solvent volume/phase...
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New lanthanide–CB[6] coordination compounds: relationships between the crystal structure and luminescent properties
PublikacjaThe reaction between cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) and lanthanide chlorides (Eu, Sm, Tb and Tm) in acidic aqueous media led to four new structures. The compounds obtained are isostructural with general formula [Ln2(H2O)12(H2O@CB[6])]Cl6(H2O)4 (Ln = Eu3+ (1), Sm3+ (2), Tb3+ (3) and Tm3+ (4)) and crystallize in the P21/c space group. For the complexes with Eu3+, Sm3+ and Tb3+, the luminescent properties in the solid state and aqueous media...
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New Eu2 +sites in KMgF3:Eu2 +crystal
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Low temperature luminescence of KMgF3:Eu2+ crystal
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Analysis of a high-quality photonic crystal resonator
PublikacjaArtykuł przedstawia kompleksową analizę rezonatora 2D o wysokiej dobroci uzyskanego dzięki zastosowaniu fotonicznych kryształów. Struktura rezonatora została zoptymalizowana w celu osiągnięcia maksymalnej dobroci. Analiza została wykonana przy pomocy metody FDTD z zaimplementowanymi makromodelami, a wyniki poddano następnie obróbce cyfrowej w oparciu o technikę GPOF. Taka kombinacja zastosowanych metod okazała się bardzo efektywna...
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Application of the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance in corrosionstudies
PublikacjaPrzegląd niniejszy opisuje zastosowania elektrochemicznej wagi kwarcowej (EQCM) w badaniach korozyjnych. Przedstawione zostały dwa główne obszary badań. Jeśli chodzi o badania mechanizmów korozji, mikrowaga elektrochemiczna była wykorzystywana jako narzędzie do testowania korozji miedzi, niklu, cynku, aluminium i stopów. Była użyteczna w określaniu mechanizmów roztwarzania albo pasywacji w różnych warunkach. Drugim kierunkiem wykorzystania...
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FIBRE-OPTIC SENSOR FOR SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENT OF THICKNESSAND REFRACTIVE INDEX OF LIQUID LAYERS
PublikacjaIn this paper, we present a fibre-optic sensor for simultaneous measurement of refractive index and thickness of liquid layers. We designed an experimental low-coherence setup with two broadband light sources and an extrinsic fibre-optic Fabry–Pérot interferometer acting as the sensing head. We examined how the refractive index of a liquid film and its thickness affect spectrum at the output of a fibre-optic interferometer. We...
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Nonlinear increase in bubbles radii caused by sound in a bubbly liquid
PublikacjaThe nonlinear interaction of acoustic and entropy modes in a bubbly liquid is considered. The reasons for interaction are both nonlinearity and dispersion. In the field of intense sound, a decrease in the mixture density is predicted. That corresponds to the well-established growth of bubbles volumes due to rectified diffusion. The nonlinear interaction of modes as a reason for a bubble to grow due to sound, is discovered. The...
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Acoustic Streaming Induced by Periodic and Aperiodic Sound in a Bubbly Liquid
PublikacjaThe vortex ow which follows intense sound propagating in a bubbly liquid, is considered. The reasons for acoustic streaming are both nonlinearity and dispersion. That makes streaming especial as compared with that in a Newtonian uid. Conclusions concern the vortex ow induced in a half-space by initially harmonic or impulse Gaussian beam. The vortex ow recalls a turbulent ow with increasing in time number of small-scale vortices...
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Determination of parent and methylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction–two dimensional gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry
PublikacjaPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are contaminants frequently found in environmental waters. Owing to their toxic effects, it is important to develop analytical methodologies that allow their fast and reliable determination. Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) allows a quick extraction of analytes with little organic solvent consumption. The best results regarding sample preparation are obtained when 40 mL of...
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Application of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry for the determination of oxygenated volatile organic compounds in effluents from the production of petroleum bitumen
PublikacjaWepresent a new procedure for the determination of oxygenated volatile organic compounds in samples of postoxidative effluents from the production of petroleum bitumens using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. The eight extraction parameters were optimized for 43 oxygenated volatile organic compounds. The detection limits obtained ranged from 0.07 to 0.82 g/mL for most of the...
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An in situ derivatization – dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with gas-chromatography – mass spectrometry for determining biogenic amines in home-made fermented alcoholic drinks
PublikacjaA novel dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) gas chromatography mass-spectrometry(GC–MS) method was developed for the determination of 13 biogenic amines in home-made wine sam-ples. The method allows to simultaneous extraction and derivatization of the amines providing a simpleand fast mode of extract enrichment. During the study, two different procedures were examined. Sta-tistical analysis was performed to choose...
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Structure of liquid gold from tight-binding driven molecular-dynamics
PublikacjaPraca przedstawia wyniki symulacji ciekłego złota w nadkomórce periodycznej przy użyciu stworzonego przez autorów programu komputerowego, za pomocą połączonych metod dynamiki molekularnej (MD) i ciasnego wiązania (TB). Omówiono strukturę tak symulowanej cieczy, porównując ją z dostępnymi danymi doświadczalnymi oraz wynikami innych symulacji, pod kątem radialnej i kątowej funkcji rozkładu i elektronowej gęstości stanów.A tight-binding...
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Synthesis, crystal structure and spectroscopic characterization of new anionic iridium(III) complexes and their interaction with biological targets
PublikacjaThe synthesis and characterisation of new anionic iridium(II) complexes (NH4)2[IrCl4(κ2N,N’-H2biim)]2 · 5H2O (1) and ((CH3)2NH2)[IrCl4(κ2N,N’-PyBIm)] · H2O (2) are presented in this article. Spectroscopic methods (1H, 13C and 15N NMR, FTIR, UV-Vis) were used to characterize these new complexes. Solid-state structural analysis (SC-XRD) of complexes 1 and 2 shows a slightly distorted octahedral geometry of Ir(III) ions, which is...
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Towards Cancer Patients Classification Using Liquid Biopsy
PublikacjaLiquid biopsy is a useful, minimally invasive diagnostic and monitoring tool for cancer disease. Yet, developing accurate methods, given the potentially large number of input features, and usually small datasets size remains very challenging. Recently, a novel feature parameterization based on the RNA-sequenced platelet data which uses the biological knowledge from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, combined with a classifier...
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Multi-functional sensor based on photonic crystal fiber using plasmonic material and magnetic fluid
PublikacjaA unique highly sensitive photonic crystal fiber is investigated based on plasmonic material and magnetic fluid (MF) for the simultaneous measurement of temperature and magnetic field sensor. The designed sensor is explored by tracing the different parameters such as birefringence, coupling length, power spectrum, and the peak wavelength of the transmission intensity. The magnetic field and temperature computation are attained...
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New uranium(vi) and isothiouronium complexes: synthesis, crystal structure, spectroscopic characterization and a DFT study
PublikacjaThe crystal structures of S,S′-2,5-dimethylbenzene-1,4-diylbis(methylisothiouronium) diacetate (1_ac), S,S′-2,5-dimethylbenzene-1,4-diylbis(methylisothiouronium) dichloride (1_Cl), 1_U complex, S,S′-naphthalene-1,4-diylbis(methylisothiouronium) dichloride (2_Cl), and 2_U complex were determined for the first time. The supramolecular structures of the compounds obtained are mainly based on hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions...
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A simplified model of 3-D pipe system conveying flowing liquid
PublikacjaThe paper presents a model reduction technique of a 3-D pipe system with flowing liquid. In the analysis and design of control (mechatronic) systems it is useful to work with simple, low order models. A hybrid reduced order model is proposed. The system model consists of two parts, the modal model and the finite element model.
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Room temperature ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of uranium in water samples before spectrophotometric determination
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In-Syringe Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Coupled with High- Performance Liquid Chromatography for Trace Analysis of Naphthalene Sulfonates in Seawater
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Green, simple analytical method for biogenic amines determination in fruit juice samples using salting-out assisted liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
PublikacjaSalting-out assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (SALLME) was integrated with the derivatization procedure to establish a one-step sample pre-treatment approach for rapid analysis of 14 biogenic amines (BAs) in fruit juices. The methodology consists of salting-out of analytes, derivatization with ethyl chloroformate (ECF), extraction with ethyl acetate (EtAc), and the analysis of the derivatized BAs using gas chromatography-mass...
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Modelling of optical components made of liquid crystals and liquid crystalline polymers
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono koncepcję wykorzystania ciekłych kryształów i polimerów ciekłokrystalicznych do budowy dwójłomnych elementów optycznych - płytek opóźniających, pryzmatów Wollastona i Nomarskiego. Przedstawiono wyniki modelowania pryzmatów Nomarskiego wykonanych z polimerów ciekłokrystalicznych i dokonano porównania ich właściwości z właściwościami pryzmatów wykonanych z typowych materiałów dwójłomnych.
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Liquid-liquid separation in petroleum production: ultrasonic characterization of emulsion stability.
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono nowe urządzenie pozwalające monitorować rozdział emulsji za pomocą ultradźwięków. Wykonano kalibrację, dzięki której można sygnał szybkości rozchodzenia się dźwięków przekształcać na stężenie fazy wewnętrznej emulsji oraz otrzymywać wykres rozdziału faz w czasie. Wyniki otrzymano dla modelowej emulsji typu O/W, w której fazę olejową stanowił bitumen oraz dla emulsji W/O, gdzie fazą olejową była ropa naftowa
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Highly Active TiO2 Microspheres Formation in the Presence of Ethylammonium Nitrate Ionic Liquid
PublikacjaSpherical microparticles of TiO2 were synthesized by the ionic liquid-assisted solvothermal method at different reaction times (3, 6, 12, and 24 h). The properties of the prepared photocatalysts were investigated by means of UV-VIS diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy...
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Experimental determination of dynamic properties of cylindrical steel tank model filled with liquid
PublikacjaIn technical branches, such as chemical or petroleum industries, cylindrical steel tanks are essential structures used for storage of liquid products. Any failure might have disastrous consequences, therefore their safety and reliability is essential. The aim of the present paper is to show the results of the experimental study which has been conducted on a scaled model of a real tank used in Poland. The investigation was carried...
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Investigation of vortex assisted magnetic deep eutectic solvent based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for separation and determination of vanadium from water and food matrices: Multivariate analysis
PublikacjaA new and simple vortex assisted magnetic deep eutectic solvent dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction procedure (VA-MDES-DLLME) was developed for the determination of vanadium (V) in food and water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). In the extraction medium, a bis(acetylpivalylmethane) ethylenediimine (H2APM2en) was used for the complexation of V(V) in sample solution at pH 6. The VA-MDES-DLLME was optimized...
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Sensitive method for determination of benzoic acid in beverages and food samples using air–assisted hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction
PublikacjaA simple, reliable and rapid air–assisted hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (AA-HDES-DLLME) was developed for analysis of benzoic acid in various beverages and food samples. The final determination stage was performed via UV–visible spectrophotometry. The key parameters (extraction time, HDES type and volume, dispersant volume, pH and sample volume) of the AA-HDES-DLLME method were...
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CO2 Separation Using Supported Deep Eutectic Liquid Membranes Based on 1,2-propanediol
PublikacjaIn this work, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) composed of choline chloride, acetylcholine chloride or tetrabutylammonium chloride, and 1,2-propanediol were used as a liquid phase for polypropylene-based supported liquid membranes (SLMs) and evaluated for the separation of carbon dioxide from CO2/N2 mixtures. Fourier transform infrared spectra were obtained to confirm DES formation, and the thermal stability of solvents was investigated...
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Liquid membrane oscillators
PublikacjaZaprezentowano krótki przegląd różnych podejść do opisu mechanizmu oscylacji róznicy potencjału elektrycznego między fazami wodnymi. Więcej uwagi zwrócono na mechanizm zaproponowany w zespole Szpakowskiej. Dla układu z kationowym surfaktantem nagła adsorpcja i desorpcja cząsteczek surfaktantu na granicy faza akceptorowa/ membrana ciekła poprzedzona dyfuzją jest odpowiedzialna za obserwowane oscylacje. W przypadku układu z anionowym...
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Two-particle entropy and structural ordering in liquid water
PublikacjaEntropies of simple point charge (SPC) water were calculated over the temperature range 278-363 K using the two-particle correlation function approximation. Then, the total two-particle contribution to the entropy of the system was divided into three parts, which we call translational, configurational, and orientational. The configurational term describes the contribution to entropy, which originates from spatial distribution of...
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Estimating the uncertainty of the liquid mass flow using the orifice plate
PublikacjaThe article presents estimation of measurement uncertainty of a liquid mass flow using the orifice plate. This subject is essential because of the widespread use of this type of flow meters, which renders not only the quantitative estimation but also qualitative results of this type so those measurements are important. To achieve this goal, the authors of the paper propose to use the theory of uncertainty. The article shows the...
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Composite 2D Material-Based Pervaporation Membranes for Liquid Separation: A Review
PublikacjaToday, chemistry and nanotechnology cover molecular separations in liquid and gas states by aiding in the design of new nano-sized materials. In this regard, the synthesis and application of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are current fields of research in which structurally defined 2D materials are being used in membrane separation either in self-standing membranes or composites with polymer phases. For instance, pervaporation...