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Low-cost multi-objective design of compact microwave structures using domain patching
PublikacjaA good compromise between size and electrical performance is an important design consideration for compact microwave structures. Comprehensive information about size/performance trade-offs can be obtained through multi-objective optimization. Due to considerable electromagnetic (EM) cross-couplings in highly compressed layouts, the design process has to be conducted at the level of high-fidelity EM analysis which is computationally...
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Prototype design and development of low-load-roof photovoltaic modules for applications in on-grid systems
PublikacjaFour prototypes of lightweight photovoltaic modules for applications in on-grid systems have been designed, developed, manufactured and tested for compliance with relevant IEC standards. Selected, commercially available materials characterized by thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, dilatometry, scanning electron microscopy and nanoindentation technique were used in frameless, adhesively-bonded sandwich-structures...
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Analysis of exhaled breath for dengue disease detection by low-cost electronic nose system
PublikacjaThis paper presents a procedure and a set-up of an electronic nose system analyzing exhaled breath to detect the patients suffering from dengue – a mosquito-borne tropical disease. Low-power resistive gas sensors (MiCS-6814, TGS8100) were used to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the exhaled breath. The end-tidal phase of patients exhaled breath was collected with a BioVOCTM breath sampler. Two strategies were assessed...
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Normalized Partial Scattering Cross Section for Performance Evaluation of Low-Observability Scattering Structures
PublikacjaThe development of diffusion metasurfaces created new opportunities to elevate the stealthiness of combat aircraft. Despite the potential significance of metasurfaces, their rigorous design methodologies are still lacking, especially in the context of meticulous control over the scattering of electromagnetic (EM) waves through geometry parameter tuning. Another practical issue is insufficiency of the existing performance metrics,...
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Upgrading low value-added activities in global value chains: a functional specialisation approach
PublikacjaThis paper aims to identify patterns of functional specialisation (FS) in global value chains (GVCs) and determinants of upgrading them for selected Central Eastern European (CEE) economies. By combing the World Input-Output Database with data on occupations, we reveal a new FS pattern among subgroups of CEEs. Poland and Slovakia have an unfavourable GVC position and specialise in low value-added fabrication function. In contrast,...
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Electrical safety in low-voltage DC microgrids with B-type residual current devices
PublikacjaResidual current devices (RCDs) are most popular devices used in low-voltage installations for protection against electric shock and fire. In cases of high risk of electric shock the application of RCDs is mandatory. Currently, the spread of local direct current (DC) microgrids is widely considered. This creates new challenges for protective systems, in particular those based on RCDs. The main purpose of the research is to test...
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Low-Loss Mechanically Tunable Resonator and Phase Shifters in Groove Gap Waveguide Technology
PublikacjaThis research is focused on the design and realization of high-performance high-power variable phase shifters in groove gap waveguide technology. Specifically, it is shown that the unique characteristic of groove gap waveguides, which is its proper operation without the need for electrical connection between the top and bottom sections of the waveguide, can be used to design mechanically tunable devices. Using the proposed method,...
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Design of Intelligent Low-Voltage Load Switch for Remote Control System in Smart Grid
PublikacjaCurrent low-voltage load switches do not support remote disconnect/connect and real-time monitoring of a disconnect/connect state. Addressing to these issues, this paper presents a low-voltage load switch for a smart remote control system, which uses a one-chip microcontroller board and a DC step motor drive mechanism and provides the feedback on the switch status also. Arrears disconnect and full-pay connect control is implemented...
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Speed observer of induction machine based on backstepping and sliding mode for low‐speed operation
PublikacjaThis paper presents a speed observer design based on backstepping and slidingmode approaches. The inputs to the observer are the stator current and thevoltage vector components. This observer structure is extended to the integra-tors. The observer stabilizing functions contain the appropriate sliding surfaceswhich result from the Lyapunov function. The rotor angular speed is obtainedfrom the non‐adaptive formula with a sliding...
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Waste tire rubber as low-cost and environmentally-friendly modifier in thermoset polymers – a review
PublikacjaNowadays, waste tire rubber (WTR) management is a growing and serious problem. Therefore, research works focused on the development of cost-effective and environmentally-friendly methods of WTR recycling are fully justified. Incorporation of WTR into polymer matrices and composite materials attracts much attention, because this approach allows sustainable development of industrially applicable waste tires recycling technologies....
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How Chain Transfer Leads to a Uniform Polymer Particle Morphology and Prevents Reactor Fouling
PublikacjaABSTRACT: The effect of adding diethyl zinc as a chain transfer agent during the polymerization of propylene in heptane performed at 80 °C was studied. Although it was expected that the chain transfer would stop after precipitation of the polymer, the polymer molecular weight continued to increase throughout the whole of the polymerization. The presence of diethyl zinc had an additional effect that the polymerizations were devoid...
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ASSESSMENT OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS EMISSIONS FROM RECYCLED LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE STREAMS
PublikacjaThe recycling of plastics is currently one of the most significant industrial challenges. Due to the enormous amounts of plastic wastes generated by various industry branches, it is essential to look for the potential methods of their utilization. Nevertheless, it should not be forgotten that recycled plastics are not pure materials, and they still may show an unfavorable environmental impact. They may contain different contaminants...
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The Conceptual Research over Low-Switching Modulation Strategy for Matrix Converters with the Coupled Reactors
PublikacjaIn this paper, different Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) strategies for operating with a low-switching frequency, a topology that combines Conventional Matrix Converters (CMCs), and Coupled Reactors (CRs) are presented and discussed. The principles of the proposed strategies are first discussed by a conceptual analysis and later validated by simulation. The paper shows how the combination of CMCs and CRs could be of special interest...
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Neural network based algorithm for hand gesture detection in a low-cost microprocessor applications
PublikacjaIn this paper the simple architecture of neural network for hand gesture classification was presented. The network classifies the previously calculated parameters of EMG signals. The main goal of this project was to develop simple solution that is not computationally complex and can be implemented on microprocessors in low-cost 3D printed prosthetic arms. As the part of conducted research the data set EMG signals corresponding...
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A Low-Cost System for Far-Field Non-Anechoic Measurements of Antenna Performance Figures
PublikacjaPrototype measurements are the key step in the development of antenna structures. Typically, their far-field characteristics are validated in expensive, dedicated facilities such as open range sites, or anechoic chambers. Despite being necessary for obtaining high-precision data (e.g., for device qualification), the use of costly infrastructure might not be fully justified when the main goal of measurements includes demonstration...
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Accidental wow defect evaluation using sinusoidal analysis enhanced by artificial neural networks
PublikacjaArtykuł przedstawia metodę do wyznaczania charakterystyki pasożytniczych modulacji częstotliwości (kołysanie) obecnych w archiwalnych nagraniach dźwiękowych. Prezentowane podejście wykorzystuje śledzenie zmian sinusoidalnych komponentów dźwięku które odzwierciedlają przebieg kołysania. Analiza sinusoidalna wykorzystana jest do ekstrakcji składowych tonalnych ze zniekształconych nagrań dźwiękowych. Dodatkowo, w celu zwiększenia...
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Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Comfort in Naturally Ventilated Low-Energy Residential Houses
PublikacjaRozdział omawia jakość powietrza i termiczny komfort w naturalnie wentylowanych energooszczędnych budynkach mieszkalnych. Obliczenia wykonano metoda elementów skończonych dla wentylacji naturalnej. Uwzględniono 2 różne położenia wlotów powietrza oraz system grzewczy kaloryferowy i podłogowy. Wyniki MES porównano z doświadczeniami.
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BLOW Opracowanie metod neutralizacji zagrożenia wybuchu wytypowanych zbiorników z gazami technicznymi, w tym alternatywnymi źródłami zasilania w środowisku pożarowym na potrzeby ratowników biorących udział w akcjach ratowniczo-gaśniczych
ProjektyProjekt realizowany w Katedra Konstrukcji Maszyn i Pojazdów zgodnie z porozumieniem DOB-BIO6/02/50/2014 z dnia 2014-12-22
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A universal NDT method for examination of low energy impact damage in CFRP with the use of TLC film
PublikacjaThe article presents an attempt to use a sheet of laminated thermochromic liquid crystal film (TLC film) for non-destructive testing of the impact damage (energy values: 1J, 2J, 3J and 4J) in carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP). This is a new, alternative NDT approach based on the thermo-optical effect. The main advantages of this method are a) the low cost of TLC film, b) the low cost of recording devices due to the usage of...
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On deterministic procedures for low-cost multi-objective design optimization of miniaturized impedance matching transformers
PublikacjaPurpose This paper aims to investigate deterministic strategies for low-cost multi-objective design optimization of compact microwave structures, specifically, impedance matching transformers. The considered methods involve surrogate modeling techniques and variable-fidelity electromagnetic (EM) simulations. In contrary to majority of conventional approaches, they do not rely on population-based metaheuristics, which permit lowering...
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Impact of Low Switching-to-Fundamental Frequency Ratio on Predictive Current Control of PMSM: A simulation study
PublikacjaPredictive current control algorithms for permanent magnet synchronous (PMSM) drives rely on an assumption that within short intervals motor currents can be approximated with linear functions. This approximation may result either from discretizing the motor model or from simplifications applied to the continuous-time model. As the linear current approximation has been recognized as inaccurate in case when the drive operates with...
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Impact of aeration conditions on the removal of low concentrations of nitrogen in a tertiary partially aerated biological filter
PublikacjaA submerged biological aerated filter (BAF) partially aerated was used to study the removal of low concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (0.3 g N/m3 to 30.5 g N/m3) typically found in nutrient enriched river and lake waters, and treated effluents. Four series of experiments were performed with a synthetic wastewater at ammonia loading rates between 6 g N/m3 d and 903 g N/m3 d and C/N ratios from 2 to 20. The results showed that ammonia...
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Low-Cost Multi-Objective Optimization Yagi-Uda Antenna in Multi-Dimensional Parameter Space
PublikacjaA surrogate-based technique for fast multi-objective optimization of a multi-parameter planar Yagi-Uda antenna structure is presented. The proposed method utilizes response surface approximation (RSA) models constructed using training samples obtained from evaluation of the low-fidelity antenna model. Utilization of the RSA models allowsfor fast determination of the best possible trade-offs between conflicting objectives in multi-objective...
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Thermo-mechanical reclaiming of ground tire rubber via extrusion at low temperature: Efficiency and limits
PublikacjaThermomechanical reclaiming of ground tire rubber (GTR) was performed at different temperatures (60, 120, and 180°C) using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Obtained samples were used in styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) blends. As reference samples, SBR compounds containing untreated GTR were used. Curing characteristics, static and dynamic mechanical properties, and morphology of the obtained blends were determined. The results...
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Low-dose radiation accelerates aging of the T-cell receptor repertoire in CBA/Ca mice
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<title>An optical low-coherence system for 2-dimensional visualization of thin polymer layers</title>
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High-order compact difference algorithm on half-staggered meshes for low Mach number flows
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Cold Start Emissions of Spark-Ignition Engines at Low Ambient Temperatures as an Air Quality Risk
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Excess Emissions and Fuel Consumption of Modern Spark Ignition Passenger Cars at Low Ambient Temperatures
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Nonlinear dynamic analysis of the pure “buckling” mechanism during blow-out trauma of the human orbit
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Low-Coherence Interferometer with Nanocrystalline Diamond Films with Potential Application to Measure Small Biological Samples
PublikacjaThe study investigates a case of a low-coherence fiber-optic Fabry–Prerot interferometer with a nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) mirror. The method of achieving double density of interference fringes is proposed by the application of birefringent material in the cavity of the interferometer. It can be used to reduce sample volume in comparison to conventional interferometers. The use of a biocompatible diamond mirror makes it specifically...
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On low-fidelity models for variable-fidelity simulation-driven design optimization of compact wideband antennas
PublikacjaThe paper addresses simulation-driven design optimization of compact antennas involving variable-fidelity electromagnetic (EM) simulation models. Comprehensive investigations are carried out concerning selection of the coarse model discretization density. The effects of the low-fidelity model setup on the reliability and computational complexity of the optimization process are determined using a benchmark set of three ultra-wideband...
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Study of Aliphatic Polyurethanes by the Low-Field 1H NMR Relaxometry Method with the Inversion of the Integral Transformation
PublikacjaIn this paper, the distributions of the 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin–lattice and spin–spin relaxation times are used to characterize the mobility of different sections of macromolecules of aliphatic polyurethanes and the cross-linking density of polymer chains. The NMR relaxometry method with inversion of integral transformation is applied to study the effect of poly (ethylene glycol) and glycerol phosphate calcium...
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Low-Cost Multi-Objective Optimization of Antennas By Means Of Generalized Pareto Ranking Bisection Algorithm
PublikacjaThis paper introduces a generalized Pareto ranking bisection algorithm for low-cost multi-objective design optimization of antenna structures. The algorithm allows for identifying a set of Pareto optimal sets of parameters (that represent the best trade-offs between considered objectives) by iterative partitioning of the intervals connecting previously found designs and executing a Pareto-ranking-based poll search. The initial...
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A Set of Low-power Microcontroller-based Modules Used for Testing of Small Energy Measurement Methods
PublikacjaEstimation of energy consumption of low-power devices is not widely discussed in the scientific literature, but this topic is getting more and more popular. Evaluation process of newly developed methods and instrumentation requires carefull treatment. In order to fulfill this niche, the set of micro-power microcontroller based devices was proposed. The devices represent typical energy consuption profiles and allow experimental verification...
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A non-adiabatic wavepacket dynamical study of the low energy chargetransfer process in the S3+ + H collision
PublikacjaThe collisional system S3+ + H?S2+ + H+ has been studied using a time-dependent wavepacket methodologyin two-dimensions. Using available potential energy surfaces and coupling matrix elementsobtained from multireference ab initio calculations, five non-adiabatically coupled electronic states of1P symmetry have been included in the dynamical simulations. The collision has been studied in thelow energy regime of 1-10 eV. The wavepacket...
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Low Cost Hexacopter Autonomous Platform for Testing and Developing Photogrammetry Technologies and Intelligent Navigation Systems
PublikacjaLow-cost solutions for autonomous aerial platforms are being intensively developed and used within geodetic community. Unmanned aerial vehicles are becoming very popular and widely used for photogrammetry and remote sensing applications. Today’s market offers an affordable price components for unmanned solution with significant quality and accuracy growth. Every year market offers a new solutions for autonomous platforms with better...
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Total cross section for low-energy electron scattering from formic acid, (HCOOH), molecules
PublikacjaTotal cross section (TCS) for low-energy electron scattering from formic acid molecules has been measured using electrostatic electron spectrometer working in linear transmission mode. Two local maxima centered around 1.7 eV and 7.8 eV have been observed and associated with resonant scattering processes.
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Deep neural networks for human pose estimation from a very low resolution depth image
PublikacjaThe work presented in the paper is dedicated to determining and evaluating the most efficient neural network architecture applied as a multiple regression network localizing human body joints in 3D space based on a single low resolution depth image. The main challenge was to deal with a noisy and coarse representation of the human body, as observed by a depth sensor from a large distance, and to achieve high localization precision....
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Marine propeller shaft bearings under low-speed conditions: water vs. oil lubrication
PublikacjaThe bearings used in shipbuilding, hydropower, and water pumps have undergone a metamorphosis in recent decades. Because of environmental regulations, lubrication with grease or mineral oil is prohibited. Thus, the standard solutions include water-lubricated bearings with polymer bushings or sealed systems lubricated with oil. When properly designed, assembled, and operated, bearings can operate reliably for years. However, specific...
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Verification of safety in low-voltage power systems without nuisance tripping of residual current devices
PublikacjaLow-voltage power systems require initial and periodical verification to check the effectiveness of protection against electric shock. As a protection in case of fault, automatic disconnection of supply is most often used. To verify such a protection measure, the earth fault loop impedance or resistance is measured. This measurement is easy to perform in circuits without residual current devices. When residual current devices are...
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Quasi-discrete modelling of PMSM phase currents in drives with low switching-to-fundamental frequency ratio
PublikacjaThis study proposes a new quasi-discrete approach to modelling the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The quasi-discrete modelling reflects the impact of continuous rotor movement, which takes place during a control cycle, on the shape of motor current waveforms. This provides much improvement in current modelling accuracy under inverter low switching-to-fundamental frequency operation. The proposed approach may be used...
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Charge Transfer, Complexes Formation and Furan Fragmentation Induced by Collisions with Low-Energy Helium Cations
PublikacjaThe present work focuses on unraveling the collisional processes leading to the fragmentation of the gas-phase furan molecules under the He+ and He2+ cations impact in the energy range 5–2000 eV. The presence of different mechanisms was identified by the analysis of the optical fragmentation spectra measured using the collision-induced emission spectroscopy (CIES) in conjunction with the ab initio calculations. The measurements of...
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Low temperature growth of diamond films on optical fibers using Linear Antenna CVD system
PublikacjaIt is not trivial to achieve a good quality diamond-coated fibre interface due to a large difference in the properties and composition of the diamond films (or use coating even) and the optical fibre material, i.e. fused silica. One of the biggest problems is the high temperature during the deposition which influences the optical fibre or optical fibre sensor structure (e.g. long-period gratings (LPG)). The greatest advantage of...
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Dissociative Low-Energy Electron Attachment to the C–S Bond of H3CSCH3 Influenced by Coulomb Stabilization
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The case of fatal acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalitis in a two-month-old boy with Covid-19.
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Device characteristics extraction by low frequency noise measurements; Someresults on the state-of-the-art MOSFET´s
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono wyniki pomiarów i analizy szumów tranzystorów MOSFET z izolatorem bramki wykonanym z SiO2 i HfO2. Wyniki pomiarów wykorzystano do oszacowania gęstości aktywnych stanów na powierzchni użytego tlenku i porównano z wynikami otrzymanymi metodą charge-pumping.
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Interactions of amphotericin B derivative of low toxicity with biological membrane components - the Langmuir monolayer approach
PublikacjaMetodą monowarstw Langmuira zbadano naturę oddziaływań nowej pochodnej antybiotyku przeciwgrzybowego amfoterycyny B o niskiej toksyczności, tj. estru metylowego N-metylo-N-D-fruktopiranozyloamfoterycyny B (MF-AME)z komponentami błon biologicznych: ergosterolem, występującym w komórkach grzybowych i cholesterolem występującym w komórkach zwierzęcych oraz z modelowym fosfolipidem DPPC i na tej podstawie stwierdzono, że zróżnicowanie...
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High temperature corrosion of steel equipment in modern rafinery environments with high and low sulphur content
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono charakterystykę i mechanizmy procesów wysokotemperaturowej korozji elementów ze stali we współczesnych rafineriach ropy naftowej podczas eksploatacji we frakcjach węglowodorowych o niskiej i wysokiej zawartości siarki. Zwrócono uwagę na procesy korozji siarkowej w obecności wodoru i bez obecności wodoru oraz proces pylenia metalu pod wpływem węgla ze środowiska - w wypadku niskiej zawartości siarki w środowisku.
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Mixed algorithm in searches of mechanical system steady-state conditions for low precision of the state estimation
PublikacjaW pracy zaprezentowano algorytm poszukiwania rozwiązania układu równań nieliniowych. Nieliniowe funkcje lewych stron znane są z ograniczoną dokładnością, a wzory określające ich pochodne względem czasu nie są znane. Wartości pochodnych wyznaczane są numerycznie za pomocą różnic skończonych. Z uwagi na niską precyzje wyznaczania wartości funkcji, wartości pochodnych znane są jedynie z ograniczoną dokładnością., pochodne zawierają...