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Search results for: road infrastructure design
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Konstrukcje morskich farm wiatrowych – wyzywanie dla projektantów
PublicationPozyskanie energii wiatru jest jednym z najbardziej obiecujących źródeł energii odnawialnej. W artykule przestawiono zagadnienia związane z rozwojem energetyki wiatrowej, w tym budową morskich farm wiatrowych. W szczególności zaś zaprezentowano podstawy energetyki wiatrowej, stan aktualny i perspektywy rozwoju morskich farm wiatrowych, elementy konstrukcyjne morskich turbin wiatrowych oraz infrastrukturę przesyłania energii na...
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Ocena odporności na pękanie podbudów drogowych z mieszanek mineralno-cementowo-emulsyjnych (MCE)
PublicationPodbudowy z mieszanek mineralno-cementowo-emulsyjnych (MCE) są jednym z wielu materiałów stosowanych do wykonywania warstw nawierzchni w ramach przebudów dróg w Polsce. Mieszanki MCE pozwalają na maksymalne powtórne wykorzystanie istniejących warstw konstrukcyjnych do budowy lub przebudowy nawierzchni. Do wykonania podbudów z MCE stosuje się materiał pochodzący z rozbiórki istniejących warstw (destrukt) bitumicznych, warstw związanych...
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Adaptacyjny system oświetlania dróg oraz inteligentnych miast
PublicationPrzedmiotem rozprawy jest zbadanie praktycznej możliwości wykrywania w czasie rzeczywistym anomalii w systemie oświetlenia drogowego w oparciu o analizę danych ze inteligentnych liczników energii. Zastosowanie inteligentnych liczników energii elektrycznej (Smart Meter) w systemach oświetlenia drogowego stwarza nowe możliwości w zakresie automatycznej diagnostyki takich niepożądanych zjawisk jak awarie lamp, odstępstwa od harmonogramu...
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CERTIFICATION SYSTEM AS A TOOL FOR IMPROVING THE SAFETY AND SUSTAINABILITY OF SCHOOL-RELATED TRAVELS
PublicationDespite the well-established physical, social, emotional, cognitive, and spatial benefits of active and autonomous school commuting of children and adolescents', many are driven by car. Pilot surveys and field research held in 2019 in 10 Gdansk primary schools confirmed this trend. The article presents a certification system for schools, commissioned by the City of Gdańsk, which is an element of a systemic solution shaping patterns...
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Teaching infrastructure urbanism to aid participatory planning
PublicationThe teaching of urban planning at faculties of architecture entails constant tension, caused by issues related to the priorities among urban design (the form) and urban planning (the process). The authors note that knowledge of the relationship between urban design and infrastructure planning, particularly within the realm of public debate within the local community, is of key importance in educating young urban planners. Described...
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The Impact of Weather on Traffic Speed in Urban Area
PublicationThe issue of the impact of weather conditions on trip speed of vehicles has been studied for a long time and it is still the subject of many scientific researches. The impact of atmospheric conditions on the speed with which drivers drive their vehicles seems to be obvious. Good weather conditions, sunny weather with good visibility surely provokes higher speed while rainfall, wind...
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The effect of road restraint systems on the level of road safety - Polish experience
PublicationRoadside accidents happen when a vehicle runs off the road. The majority of these accidents are very severe because leaving the road is usually followed by hitting a solid obstacle (tree, pole, support, culvert front wall, barrier). Roadsides are some of the most important issues of road safety. They have been studied for years to identify roadside hazards and the effectiveness of road safety measures such as restraint systems....
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Comparison of road and laboratory measurements of tyre/road noise
PublicationTyre/road noise is one of the major environmental problems related to road traffic. There are several measuring methods of tyre/road noise that may be carried out on the road (for example Coast-down and Close Proximity Method) or in the laboratory (Drum Method). Road measurements are preferred for evaluations of pavement properties while laboratory methods are mostly used to evaluate tyres. One of the biggest problems associated...
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MONITORING SYSTEM OF THE ROAD EMBANKMENT
PublicationThe paper presents the analysis of the monitoring system of the embankment supported on concrete columns and overlaid by a load transfer platform with the embedded steel grid. This field investigation was to study the complex interaction among the columns, the load transfer platform layer, and steel grid via in situ measurements during erection and live loading of the embankment. The study was focused on the behaviour of steel...
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AUTONOMOUS PLATFORM TO PROTECT MARITIME INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES
PublicationProblems regarding the security of maritime infrastructure, especially harbours and offshore infrastructure, are currently a very hot topic. Due to these problems, there are some research projects in which the main goal is to decrease the gap and improve the methods of observation in the chosen area, for both in-air and underwater areas. The main goal of the paper is to show a new complex system for improving the security of the...
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Tyre/road noise reduction by a poroelastic road surface
PublicationLow noise road surfaces of existing types may in favourable cases and in new conditions provide up to 7 dB of noise reduction. For higher noise reductions, innovative solutions must be sought. Poroelastic road surfaces (PERS) may be such a solution, which currently is studied in the EU project PERSUADE. This paper presents results of trials with a PERS version prefabricated by one of the project partners. Tests were made in a laboratory...
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Road safety inspection as a tool for road safety management – the polish experience
PublicationIn Poland, road inspections were implemented in June 2014 on all national roads. Previously conducted traffic surveys mainly related to the technical condition of roads, signs and markings; other safety issues were overlooked. The main problem that occurs during inspection is an inspector’s subjective qualitative assessment which affects the classification of the sources of hazard on the road.. The paper presents an analysis of...
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Use of ICT infrastructure for teaching HPC
PublicationIn this paper we look at modern ICT infrastructure as well as curriculum used for conducting a contemporary course on high performance computing taught over several years at the Faculty of Electronics Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland. We describe the infrastructure in the context of teaching parallel programming at the cluster level using MPI, node level using OpenMP and CUDA. We present...
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The Effects of Roadside Hazards on Road Accident Severity
PublicationThe risk of becoming involved in an accident emerges when elements of the transport system do not operate properly (man – vehicle – road – roadside). The road, its traffic layout andsafety equipment have a critical impact on road user safety. This gives infrastructural work a priority in road safety strategies and programmes. Run-off-road accidents continue to be one of the biggest problems of road safety with consequences including...
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Integrated safety and security analysis of hazardous plants and systems of critical infrastructure
PublicationThis article addresses an integrated safety and security analysis approach of hazardous industrial plants and systems of critical infrastructure. Nowadays due to new hazards that emerge there are opinions among experts that these issues require an integrated approach in life cycle, from the design concept, through the design and operation of the plant, to its decommissioning. It is proposed to start from an interesting methodology...
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Assessing the Effects of the Road Surface and Weather Conditions on Road Safety
PublicationWhen transport is analysed for its safe delivery the focus is mainly on assessing the safety of roads and the risk of undesired events. These include road accidents, an occurrence which is relatively rare and random. Randomness means that accidents depend on several factors which are partly deterministic (can be controlled) and partly stochastic (random and unpredictable). The set of crash contributing factors can be classified...
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Tire/Road Noise On Poroelastic Road Surfaces - Results Of Laboratory Measurements
PublicationTire/road noise is the most important part of traffic noise for medium and high speed driving both in the case of passenger cars and trucks. The potential to make modification of tires that significantly reduce tire/road noise in nearly over, at least for conventional tires so the only promising action is to improve road pavements. One of the innovative solutions is poroelastic road pavement (PERS) that reduces airflow related...
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Poroelastic Road Surface – a Promising Road Traffic Noise Abatement Solution
PublicationRoad surfaces have a direct impact on the generation of noise by rolling tyres, the main and dominant source of noise of moving vehicles, as well as may affect propagation of noise emitted by all noise sources of a vehicle. Thus there is no doubt that pavement should be considered as one of the major potential road traffic noise abatement measure. Low noise pavements of existing types may in new conditions provide up to 8 dB of...
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Redesign of the Research Platform for Monitoring, Control and Security of Critical Infrastructure Systems
PublicationCritical Infrastructure Systems (CISs) play a key role in modern societies. Their sustainable operation depends heavily on the performance of dedicated structures and algorithms targeting monitoring, control and security aspects. In previous work a Research Platform (RP) for the design and simulation of such systems was presented. This works updates the information on the RP through the description of major hardware and software...
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Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing
PublicationZaprezentowano system BOINC (ang. Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing) jako interesujące rozwiązanie integrujące rozproszone moce obliczeniowe osobistych komputerów typu PC w Internecie. Przedstawiono zasadę działania opisywanej platformy. W dalszej części zaprezentowano kilka wybranych projektów naukowych wykorzystujących BOINC, które są reprezentatywne w zakresie zastosowania systemu w ujęciu założonego paradygmatu...
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Temperature influence on tyre/road noise on poroelastic road surface based on laboratory measurements
PublicationThe temperature effect on measured tyre/road noise is very important phenomena as it may lead to significant errors in measurement results due to substantial influence of this parameter on the obtained values. It depends mainly on the particular tyre-road combination. It is different for dense and porous as well as for bituminous and cement concrete pavements. It differs also depending on tested tyre. The correction procedure for...
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UN DECADE OF ACTION FOR ROAD SAFETY IN THE NATIONAL ROAD SAFETY STRATEGY UNTIL 2020 – POLISH APPROACH
PublicationPoland continues to have the highest number of road deaths per one million population in the European Union, according to a 2012 European Commission report – in 2011 the rate in Poland was 109 fatalities compared to the EU average of 61 killed. Adopted by the government in 2005 Poland’s National Road Safety Programme GAMBIT 2005 was the response to the EU’s 3rd Road Safety Action Programme. Despite extensive road safety efforts,...
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Adaptive Management Approach to an Infrastructure Project
PublicationThe paper presents an adaptive approach to project management, illustrated by the description of a case study, i.e., of a project whose aim was to develop the means and prepare the documentation for the revitalization of a railway line. The project itself was a major challenge for the implementers due to a novel and innovative subject thereof, including the construction of a railway line which takes place in a difficult terrain...
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Tyre/road noise of passenger car tyres, including tyres for electric vehicles - road measurements
PublicationThe paper presents the results from CPX measurements of tyre/road noise performed for selected passenger car tyres, including the tyres especially designed for electric vehicles. The tyres have been measured when rolling on several typical road surfaces in Norway and in Poland. In addition, the tyres have been measured on some very low noise road surfaces, such as a the poroelastic road surface (PERS). The measurement results...
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Studying road restraint systems to develop new guidelines
PublicationThe paper will present a proposed approach to such work along with preliminary results of numerical studies for selected problems using road safety devices such as safety barriers on horizontal curves, the effect of kerbs on bridges or the location of obstacles within the barrier’s working width. The paper will discuss assumptions to a methodology of numerical models, calculations and automated processing of data to help with assessing...
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Social media and efficient computer infrastructure in smart city
PublicationSocial media require an efficient infrastructures of computer and communication systems to support a smart city. In a big city, there are several crucial dilemmas with a home and public space planning, a growing population, a global warming, carbon emissions, a lack of key resources like water and energy, and a traffic congestion. In a smart city, we expect an efficient and sustainable transportation, efficient management of resources...
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CFFT columns in road through railroad crossings
PublicationThere were 12801 road through railroad one-level crossings in Poland in 2018. 215 accidents happened at them in 2018. In order to increase safety in rail and road traffic two-level crossings should be used. They are definitely safer and make the traffic more smooth. In the design and construction of two-level intersections of railway and road or path columns of circular cross-section are often used. They can be successfully replaced...
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Wireless Networks as an Infrastructure for Mission-Critical Business Applications
PublicationDespite the dynamic growth of wireless network systems, their pres-ence in business-support infrastructure has been limited. In the article we provide an overview of generic corporate network architecture and examine usefulness of available wireless network solutions in such systems. Following this overview we analyze new wireless network architecture which currently undergoes standardization process - wireless mesh. It can result...
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Identifying the Effects of Selected Road and Roadside Parameters on Road Safety Using Geodetic Techniques
PublicationThe paper will present techniques that can be used to obtain data on road alignment and profile including the roadside. In-the-field and simulation studies have helped to develop mathematical models that integrate vehicle position data. The experiments were conducted in a virtual environment using the software ArcGIS that reflects the actual roadside conditions. The site tests were made using a purpose-built device which integrates...
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The rigid and flexible road pavements in terms of life cycle costs
PublicationThe cost of road pavement construction, its durability and reliability depends on many factors, including: the scope and detail of the technical design, quality of work but also the scope of works related to its maintenance, conservation and operation. Determining the amount of rational expenses, in terms of the life cycle cost of the pavement, requires determination and consideration of the above issues, already at the planning...
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Pedestrian safety in road traffic – studies, recommendations and proposed improvements
PublicationPedestrians are involved and most frequently the victims of every third road accident in Poland. Pedestrian accidents most frequently occur in complex circumstances, as a result of many factors related to the behaviour of drivers and pedestrians. The basic parameters that determine road safety include the perception of traffic and visibility on the road. The paper will present the results of research conducted within the project...
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The searchlight problem for road networks
PublicationWe consider the problem of searching for a mobile intruder hiding in a road network given as the union of two or more lines, or two or more line segments, in the plane. Some of the intersections of the road network are occupied by stationary guards equipped with a number of searchlights, each of which can emit a single ray of light in any direction along the lines (or line segments) it is on. The goal is to detect the intruder,...
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„Space, architecture and infrastructure “in-between cities”.
PublicationThe article presents contemporary city problems, like division of the city, infrastructural barriers, empty spaces, chaotic development, cuting-off areas, threatening the city image and functioning. These problems can be best observed in the areas in-between cities. One of the main questions for urban planners and architects seems thus to be: how to connect the city spaces instead of creating the barriers, how to create the areas...
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Poroelastic Low Noise Road Surfaces
PublicationNoise is one of the most important problems related to road traffic. During the last decades, noise emitted by engine and powertrain of vehicles was greatly reduced and tyres became a clearly dominant noise source. The paper describes the concept of low noise poroelastic road surfaces that are composed with mineral and rubber aggregate bound by polyurethane resin. Those surfaces have a porous structure and are much more flexible...
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Low Noise Poroelastic Road Pavements Based On Bituminous Binder
PublicationTire/road noise is the dominant source of traffic noise. It depends both on the tire design and on the characteristics of road pavements as well as on the vehicles’ operating conditions. Due to the fact that conventional (pneumatic) car tires have almost reached the limits of their ability to further reduce their noisiness, it is widely believed that the additional reduction of tire noise will be possible mainly through modifications...
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Tyre/road noise reduction of poroelastic road surface tested in a laboratory
PublicationA so-called poroelastic road surface (PERS) is being developed in Europe. This contains a large percentage of rubber particles mixed with hard aggregate (stone and sand) and bound with polyurethane. This gives high air void content (around 30 %), high elasticity and smooth texture, all of which should give low noise properties. Inthis experiment anominally 30 mm thick sample of PERS was mounted on a steel drum. Various car tyres...
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Atypical application of the parametric method for track infrastructure inventory
PublicationFor many years, satellite systems have seen widespread use in a variety of technical applications, as well as in operations related to setting-out and the exploitation of track infrastructure. Their main applications include an inventory of the trackage course and detecting changes in its position. In both of these tasks, the most important element that determines the quality of an analyses is the high accuracy of the determinations...
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Solid road environment and its hazards
PublicationAccidents that involve vehicles departing the road tend to have very high severity, as they often result in the vehicle hitting a permanent obstacle (which can be a ree, a pole, facility pillar, front wall of a culvert or a barrier). In recent years, this type of accident caused approx. 19% of all road deaths in Poland. A particularly high risk can be observed on roads located in northern and western...
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Enhancing Security of Advanced Metering Infrastructure by Introducing Threshold Attendance Protocol
PublicationThe industry pushes towards smart grid systems in order to resolve current limitations of the unidirectional legacy power grid infrastructure. By introducing Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) as an integral part of the smart grid solution, the utility company obtains an invaluable tool to optimize its network, lower the operational costs, and improve quality of service. Unfortunately, introducing two-way communication poses...
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Testing Situation Awareness Network for the Electrical Power Infrastructure
PublicationThe contemporary electrical power infrastructure is exposed to new types of threats. The cause of such threats is related to the large number of new vulnerabilities and architectural weaknesses introduced by the extensive use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in such complex critical systems. The power grid interconnection with the Internet exposes the grid to new types of attacks, such as Advanced Persistent...
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Pavement ageing influence on tyre/road noise
PublicationRoad surface should be constructed in a way that ensures safe and comfortable traffic conditions, not only when it is newly paved but also during its entire lifetime. An important factor in the asphalt mixture design process is also the expected pavement durability and stability of pavement properties over time. In many countries, road surface starts to play a significant role in traffic noise reduction actions. Selecting a particular...
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Regional implementation of a road safety observatory in Poland
PublicationThe paper outlines the background and goals of the Road Safety Observatory in the Polish region of Warmia and Mazury. While created it was Poland’s first road safety Observatory, both at the regional and central level. Established in line with the methodology proposed in the European project SafetyNet, together with the planned National Road Safety Observatory it will form part of a Europe-wide network of observatories linked with...
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Road texture influence on tire rolling resistance
PublicationTire rolling resistance is one of the most important resistive forces acting on road vehicles. It depends on tire and surface characteristics as well as vehicle operating parameters. This paper deals with the influence of road surface texture on rolling resistance of passenger car tires. Results of road measurements performed on variety of road surfaces are presented.
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PERS - QUIET ROAD SURFACE FOR URBAN AREAS
PublicationTraffic noise is one of the most important environmental problems in densely populated urban areas. At low speeds the tyre/road interaction dominates all other sources. It is anticipated that when electric and hybrid vehicles gain dominance in city traffic, the importance of tyre/road noise will still increase as electric engines are much less noisy than combustion engines. On the other hand, electric and hybrid urban vehicles...
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Electrochemical investigations on corosivity of de-icing liquids for railway infrastructure
PublicationThe paper presents the results of electrochemical tests of the de-icing fluid for railway infrastructure. DC and AC electrochemical tests were performed to determine the corrosion rates of structural steel, cast iron and aluminium in the newly produced fluid. The results were compared with the corrosion rates of the same materials in the fluid without corrosion inhibitors. The obtained test results indicate a low corrosion risk...
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Ultra Low Noise Poroelastic Road Surfaces
PublicationNoise is one of the most important environmental problems related to road traffic. During the last decades, the noise emitted by the engines and powertrains of vehicles was greatly reduced and tires became a clearly dominant noise source. The article describes the concept of low noise poroelastic road surfaces that are composed of mineral and rubber aggregate bound by polyurethane resin. Those surfaces have a porous structure and...
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INFLUENCE OF MEASURING CONDITIONS ON TYRE/ROAD NOISE
PublicationA decisive factor for the development of tyres and road surfaces is the ability to conduct representative and reproducible measurements of selected characteristics related to the interaction of tyres and road surfaces. In terms of tyre/road noise measurements in Europe two methods described in ISO/FDIS 11819-2 and ECE Regulation No.117 are used. The latter is compulsory for assigning the tyre noise labels. The methodologies differ...
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Hierarchical random models in road transport safety
PublicationIn this paper multilevel approach to the issue of road safety level on the road network of European regions, classified as NUTS 2 in statistical databases of the EU, has been presented. The risk calculated as the number of death casualties in road accidents per 100,000 inhabitants of a given region has Poisson distribution. Therefore, generalized Poisson model has been assumed in the modelling process. Multilevel stochastic analysis...
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Economical methods for measuring road surface roughness
PublicationTwo low-cost methods of estimating the road surface condition are presented in the paper, the first one based on the use of accelerometers and the other on the analysis of images acquired from cameras installed in a vehicle. In the first method, miniature positioning and accelerometer sensors are used for evaluation of the road surface roughness. The device designed for installation in vehicles is composed of a GPS receiver and...
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Energy Losses Due to Imperfect Payment Infrastructure and Payment Instruments
PublicationOne of the strategic objectives of the European Union is a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and improvement of energy efficiency by at least 32.5% in different areas of the economy by 2030. However, little is known about the impact of payment in retail on energy consumption. The purpose of this paper is to assess the chain of losses of time and energy, and therefore financial losses, that occur due to the imperfection of payment...