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Search results for: low temperatura disintegration
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Fatigue life improvement using low transformation temperature weld material with measurement of residual stress
PublicationWelding processes often produce high levels of tensile residual stress. Low transformation temperature (LTT) welding wires utilise phase transformation strains to overcome the thermal contraction of a cooling weld. In this paper, the residual stress within each weld was quantified using the milling/strain gauge method, being the strain change measured as the weldment was milled away. The fatigue tests were conducted under uniaxial...
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Biochemical assays of intensified methane content in biogas from low-temperature processing of waste activated sludge
PublicationAnaerobic digestion (AD) is implemented as an important ‘waste to energy’ approach for converting organic-rich byproducts such as sewage sludge into biogas and nutrient-rich digestate. Sewage sludge consists of primary sludge and waste activated sludge (WAS), and low biodegradability of WAS limits methane production. This study presents the influence of the low-temperature pretreatment (LT-PT) of WAS on the efficiency of AD. Different...
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Experimental Study of Flow Rate in Hydraulic Satellite Motor with the Rotating Case at a Low Constant Rotational Speed
PublicationIn this article was described the methodology for the experimental study of flows in the prototype of a satellite hydraulic motor with a rotating body. The experimental tests of the motor were carried out at a low constant rotational speed in a wide range of pressure drop in this motor. The constant rotational speed of the motor was kept by a worm gear. Based on the test results, the leakage characteristics in the flat gaps of...
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Initial evaluation of commercial optical CT‐based 3D gel dosimeter
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Sestaveni Smerne Krivky Modulu Tuhosti Pro Zkoumani Nizkotrplotnich Vlastnosti (Developing of Stiffness Master Curve for Analysis of Low Temperature Properties)
PublicationV prispevku je predstaven novy postup pro sestrojeni smernych tuhostnich krivek. Nizkoteplotni vlastnosti asfaltove smesi byly stanoveny za vyuziti zkousky dotvarovani pri tribodovem ohybu. Motivem tohoto vyzkumu je skutecnost, ze metody hodnoceni nizkoteplotniho chovani asfaltovych smesi, nove zavedenych v Polsku, nejsou dostatecne. V zaveru jsou prezentovany smerne krivky tuhosti beznych asfaltovych smesi vyuzivanych v Polsku.
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Dissolution of Nb-doped hydroxyapatite prepared via low-temperature mechanochemical method: Spectroscopy studies
PublicationCalcium phosphate glass ceramics with nominal hydroxyapatite stoichiometry doped with niobium were synthesized using simple as well as low-temperature mechanochemical method and then in the form of compressed pellet were submitted to the static dissolution process in distilled water for one month. The results of structural analysis, performed mainly on the base of spectroscopic methods such as: infrared absorption spectroscopy,...
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Low-Molecular-Weight Aldehyde Inhibitors of Cathepsin G
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Optical low-coherence interferometry for selected technical applications
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono teoretyczne podstawy optycznej interferometrii niskokoherentnej i przedyskutowano jej unikatowe właściwości. Opisano w nim opracowany przez autorów system OCT przeznaczony do badań strukturalnych materiałów technicznych. Badania te obejmują także zmiany stanu polaryzacji promieniowania rozproszonego w badanym obiekcie. W artykule zawarto wyniki badań wybranych materiałów silnie rozpraszających promieniowanie...
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Low-cost handheld multiprobe reflectometer for the ism band
PublicationW artykule przedstawiona została procedura oraz działający model taniego miernika współczynnika odbicia na pasmo ISM. Koncepcja modelu oparta jest o reflektometr z multi próbkowaniem oraz wykorzystanie zintegrowanego detektora mocy firmy Analog Devices. Prototypowy miernik z interfejsem został zbudowany. Wyniki symulacji oraz eksperymentu zostały przedstawione.
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Development of low noise CCD readout front-end
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Development of low noise CCD readout front-end
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Influence of the Adsorption Bed Composition on the Low-Pressure Fluidization
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Smart Graphite–Cement Composites with Low Percolation Threshold
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Low-Cost Embedded Control System for Environmental Monitoring
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Multiple-scattering and electron-uracil collisions at low energies
PublicationDyskutowany jest związek dwóch znanych metod w teorii rozpraszania elektronów na cząsteczkach : potencjałów zerowego promieniu i metody potencjałów "muffin-tin". Rozwój obu metod pozwala na stworzenie nowej techniki obliczenia parcjalnych faz i przekrojów czynnych w nazwanej teorii. Technika ta ma zastosowanie do zagadnienia dotyczącego układu elektron-uracil.
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Sensorless multiscalar controls of induction motor at low speed
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono zastosowanie obserwatora prędkości w dwóch różnych układach sterowania multiskalarnego silnikiem klatkowym. Pierwszy układ bazuje na prądzie stojana i strumieniu wirnika, natomiast drugi nowy układ wykorzystuje zmienne prąd stojana i strumień stojana. Zamieszczono wyniki badań symulacyjnych i eksperymentalych w układzie ze sterowaniem na procesorze SHARC.
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Design of low noise preamplifers for characterization of LSCO bolometers
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wymagania stawiane układom do pomiaru szumów bolometrów. Ze względu na niski poziom mierzonych szumów układy te wymagają zastosowania niskoszumnych przedwzmacniaczy i układów ustalających punkt pracy badanych detektorów. Omówiono konstrukcje dwóch przedwzmacniaczy z zintegrowanymi układami polaryzacji. Przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów szumów w zakresie częstotliwości 10-90Hz. Przedstawiono możliwości ulepszenia...
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Low-Sulphur Marine Fuels—Panacea or a New Threat?
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Hydrogen degradation of high strength low alloyed steels.
PublicationBadano wpływ polaryzacji katodowej na własności stali węglowej, stali o podwyższonej i wysokiej wytrzymałości metodą stałego powolnego odkształcania.Stwierdzono, że stopień kruchości wodorowej każdej z badanych stali zależał od stężenia wodoru dyfuzyjnego.
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An advanced low-cost sensorless induction motor drive
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono układ sterowania silnikiem asynchronicznym klatkowym pracujący bez pomiaru prędkości obrotowej. Układ zrealizowano na tanim procesorze stałoprzecinkowym. aspekty praktyczne realizacji układu rozpatrzono na podstawie uzyskanych wyników z symulacji i eksperymentu.
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Criteria for selection of working fluid in low-temperature ORC
PublicationThe economics of an ORC system is strictly linked to thermodynamic properties of the working fluid. A bad choice of working fluid could lead to a less efficient and expensive plant/generation unit. Some selection criteria have been put forward by various authors, incorporating thermodynamic properties, provided in literature but these do not have a general character. In the paper a simple analysis has been carried out which resulted...
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Low sulphur coal combustion - Optimisation of boiler tunings.
PublicationBadaniami w ramach projektu objęto przede wszystkim kotły parowe oraz układy wspomagające, takie jak: podajniki węgla, młyny, wentylatory, instalacje oczyszczania spalin. Badania eksperymentalne przeprowadzono na obiektach Elektrociepłowni Kraków, natomiast obliczenia numeryczne zostały wykonane przez Politechnikę Wrocławska we współpracy z firmą R&D EDF. Sformułowano szereg konkretnych wytycznych do przeprowadzenia niezbędnych...
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Low-Energy Tautomers and Conformers of Neutral and Protonated Arginine
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Assessing pathways into a low carbon and climate responsible Gdansk
PublicationA basic question today is the sense of the use new ideas in shaping Polish cities- not as technologically advanced as others. The key is to understand good practices in designing and implementing new approaches. The comparative research Glasgow and Gdansk has been undertaken by Gdansk Development Agency in Jan 2014
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Low-Cost Underwater Communication System: A Pilot Study
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CMOS Low-Dropout Regulator With Improved Time Response
PublicationPrzedstawiono nową konfigurację regulatora o obniżonym spadku napięcia, w którym wykorzystano stopień wyjściowy z równoległym sprzężeniem napięciowym. Dzięki obniżonej rezystancji wyjściowej stopnia, uzyskano poprawę odpowiedzi impulsowej regulatora na szybką zmianę prądu wyjściowego.
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Analog multiplier for a low-power integrated image sensor
PublicationArtykuł przedstawia nowe podejście do projektowania tanich niskomocowych zintegrowanych sensorów optycznych. W odróżnieniu od wcześniej stosowanych rozwiązań opartych na masowym przetwarzaniu równoległym, zaproponowany mnożnik macierzowy charakteryzuje się korzystniejszymi cechami. Proponowane rozwiązanie, chociaż mniej elastyczne w sensie liczby możliwych do zaimplementowania algorytmów wstępnej obróbki obrazu, cechuje się znaczącą...
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Analog multiplier for a low-power integrated image sensor
PublicationArtykuł przedstawia nowe podejście do projektowania tanich niskomocowych zintegrowanych sensorów optycznych. W odróżnieniu od wcześniej stosowanych rozwiązań opartych na masowym przetwarzaniu równoległym, zaproponowany mnożnik macierzowy charakteryzuje się korzystniejszymi cechami. Proponowane rozwiązanie, chociaż mniej elastyczne w sensie liczby możliwych do zaimplementowania algorytmów wstępnej obróbki obrazu, cechuje się znaczącą...
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A High-Efficient Low-Voltage Rectifier for CMOS Technology
PublicationA new configuration of rectifier suiting CMOS technology is presented. The rectifier consists of only two nchannel MOS transistors, two capacitors and two resistors; for this reason it is very favourable in manufacturing in CMOS technology. With these features the rectifier is easy to design and cheap in production. Despite its simplicity, the rectifier has relatively good characteristics, the voltage and power efficiency, and...
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Biological hazards in low noise, poroelastic road surfaces
PublicationDrainage pavements as well as poroelastic pavements ("PERS") are a very efficient way to decrease traffic noise by reducing tire/road noise at the source as well as noise propagation over the road surface. Many noise generating mechanisms at the tire/road interface are very much reduced by road porosity (pipe resonance, "air pumping", Helmholtz resonance and the horn effect). A well-designed porous or poroelastic road surface may...
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Low energy electron mass stopping power in H2
PublicationWe present experimental mass stopping powers of electrons in gaseous H2 obtained with a newly developed electron time-of-flight spectrometer, for the incident electron energy range of 10eV to 25eV. In our procedure the average energy loss is derived from our conversion of measured electron time-of-flight spectra into equivalent electron energy loss spectra so as to obtain the values of mass stopping power for electron scattering...
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Dissociation of 2-oxopropanoic acid by low energy electrons
PublicationElectron attachment to molecular target can lead to a variety of negative fragment ions. We experimentally probe the main dissociative electron attachment (DEA) channels in 2-oxopropanoic acid (CH3 - CO - COOH) - an important trace component in the Earth's atmosphere. In our studies we utilise nearly mono-energetic electrons at electron energies from 0 eV up to 15 eV.
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Emerging oxidized and defective phases in low-dimensional CrCl3
PublicationTwo-dimensional (2D) magnets such as chromium trihalides CrX3 (X ¼ I, Br, Cl) represent a frontier for spintronics applications and, in particular, CrCl3 has attracted research interest due its relative stability under ambient conditions without rapid degradation, as opposed to CrI3. Herein, mechanically exfoliated CrCl3 flakes are characterized at the atomic scale and the electronic structures of pristine, oxidized, and defective...
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Low-coherence photonic method of electrochemical processes monitoring
PublicationWe present an advanced multimodality characterization platform for simultaneous optical and electrochemical measurements of ferrocyanides. Specifcally, we combined a fber-optic Fabry– Perot interferometer with a three-electrode electrochemical setup to demonstrate a proof-ofprinciple of this hybrid characterization approach, and obtained feasibility data in its monitoring of electrochemical reactions in a boron-doped diamond flm...
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Multipath routing for quality of service differentiation and network capacity optimization in broadband low-earth orbit systems
PublicationThis paper shows the importance of employing multiple different paths for routing in Inter-Satellite Link (ISL) networks in broadband Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite systems. A theoretical analysis is presented and a routing concept is proposed to demonstrate three facts that make multipath routing especially important in broadband LEO networks: (1) differences in the propagation delays have a much greater impact on end-to-end...
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Derivation of motor mean phase currents in PMSM drives operating with low switching-to-fundamental frequency ratio
PublicationPulse width modulation (PWM) of inverter output voltage causes the waveforms of motor phase cur-rents to consist of distinctive ripples. In order to provide suitable feedback for the motor current con-trollers, the mean value must be extracted from the currents’ waveforms in every PWM cycle. A com-mon solution to derive the mean phase currents is to sample their value at the midpoint of a symmetrical PWM cycle. Using an assumption...
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Factors affecting low-temperature cracking of asphalt pavements: analysis of field observations using the ordered logistic model
PublicationAccurate identification of factors that primarily affect the number of low-temperature cracks is crucial for selection of road materials and planning of pavement maintenance. Field investigations of lowtemperature cracks were performed in the years 2014 and 2020 on the same 68 road sections being in service in typical traffic conditions. The collected data were statistically analysed using the ordered logistic regression model....
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Age Prediction from Low Resolution, Dual-Energy X-ray Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks
PublicationAge prediction from X-rays is an interesting research topic important for clinical applications such as biological maturity assessment. It is also useful in many other practical applications, including sports or forensic investigations for age verification purposes. Research on these issues is usually carried out using high-resolution X-ray scans of parts of the body, such as images of the hands or images of the chest. In this...
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The In-House Method of Manufacturing a Low-Cost Heat Pipe with Specified Thermophysical Properties and Geometry
PublicationVarious types of heat pipes are available to purchase off the shelf, from various manufacturers, but most of them have strictly defined geometry and technical parameters. However, when there is a need to use a heat pipe (HP) with an unusual size and shape or working conditions other than the standard ones, it becomes very costly to order them from manufacturers, especially in small quantities, and only a few producers are willing...
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Verification of safety in low-voltage power systems without nuisance tripping of residual current devices
PublicationLow-voltage power systems require initial and periodical verification to check the effectiveness of protection against electric shock. As a protection in case of fault, automatic disconnection of supply is most often used. To verify such a protection measure, the earth fault loop impedance or resistance is measured. This measurement is easy to perform in circuits without residual current devices. When residual current devices are...
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Low-energy positron scattering from gas-phase tetrahydrofuran: A quantum treatment of the dynamics and a comparison with experiments
PublicationIn this paper we report new quantum calculations of the dynamics for low-energy positrons interacting with gaseous molecules of tetrahydrofuran. The new quantum scattering cross sections are differential and integral cross sections at collision energies between 1.0 and 25.0 eV and include a careful treatment of the additional effects on the scattering process brought about by the permanent dipole moment of the target molecule....
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Analysis of circular polarization antenna design trade‐offs using low‐cost EM‐driven multiobjective optimization
PublicationCircular polarization (CP) antennas are vital components of modern communication systems. Their design involves handling several requirements such as low reflection and axial ratio (AR) within the frequency range of interest. Small size is an important criterion for antenna mobility which is normally achieved as a by‐product of performance‐oriented modifications of the structure topology. In this work, multiobjective optimization...
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Computer-aided analysis of signals from a low-coherence Fabry-Perot interferometer used for measurements of biological samples
PublicationThe aim of the study was to develop an automated computer-aided system for analysis of spectrograms obtained from measurements of biological samples performed with a low-coherence Fabry-Pérot interferometer. Information necessary to determine dispersion characteristics of measured materials can be calculated from the positions of the maxima and minima that are present in their spectra. The main challenge faced during the development...
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Low-Cost Multi-Objective Optimization of Antennas By Means Of Generalized Pareto Ranking Bisection Algorithm
PublicationThis paper introduces a generalized Pareto ranking bisection algorithm for low-cost multi-objective design optimization of antenna structures. The algorithm allows for identifying a set of Pareto optimal sets of parameters (that represent the best trade-offs between considered objectives) by iterative partitioning of the intervals connecting previously found designs and executing a Pareto-ranking-based poll search. The initial...
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The Method of Multi-criteria Analysis to Support the Decision on Load or Micro-generation Connection to a Low- or Medium-voltage Power Grid
PublicationThis paper presents a method that supports the decision in terms on selecting the best option of a load connection to a low- or medium-voltage power distribution grid, and of a micro-generation source connection to a low-voltage grid. The method is based on the search for the option with the lowest aggregate assessment measure, which is the weighted average of partial assessment measures determined for each of eight considered...
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A Low-Cost System for Far-Field Non-Anechoic Measurements of Antenna Performance Figures
PublicationPrototype measurements are the key step in the development of antenna structures. Typically, their far-field characteristics are validated in expensive, dedicated facilities such as open range sites, or anechoic chambers. Despite being necessary for obtaining high-precision data (e.g., for device qualification), the use of costly infrastructure might not be fully justified when the main goal of measurements includes demonstration...
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Independent dynamics of low, intermediate, and high frequency spectral intracranial EEG activities during human memory formation
PublicationA wide spectrum of brain rhythms are engaged throughout the human cortex in cognitive functions. How the rhythms of various frequency ranges are coordinated across the space of the human cortex and time of memory processing is inconclusive. They can either be coordinated together across the frequency spectrum at the same cortical site and time or induced independently in particular bands. We used a large dataset of human intracranial...
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An Optimized Ka-Band Low Profile Dual-Polarized Transmitarray Antenna With 2D Beam Switching
PublicationThis article presents an optimized dual-polarized transmitarray antenna (TA) designed for MIMO applications at the Ka-band, capable of switching beams in two directions. The antenna aperture uses a small unit cell with three layers of Taconic RF-35 dielectric substrates, which can be easily fabricated using PCB technology. The unit cell achieved a 360-degree phase shift and a transmission magnitude exceeding –0.4 dB at 28 GHz....
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Polyurethane glycolysate from industrial waste recycling to develop low dielectric constant, thermally stable materials suitable for the electronics
PublicationWe are utilizing a new method to improve the dielectric properties of a conventional polymer using a recycled polymer product. The polyurethane foams are recycled by glycolysis process and the derived material was applied to improve the dielectric properties of the brittle DGEBA epoxy resin. Two main parameters that determine the applicability of the material as a dielectric (the dielectric constant and dielectric loss), were studied...
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Method of earth fault loop impedance measurement without nuisance tripping of RCDs in 3-phase low-voltage circuits
PublicationVerification of electrical safety in low-voltage power systems includes the measurement of earth fault loop impedance. This measurement is performed to verify the effectiveness of protection against indirect contact. The widespread classic methods and meters use a relatively high value of the measuring current (5–20) A, so that they are a source of nuisance tripping of residual current devices (RCDs). The meters dedicated to circuits...