Search results for: TIME-DEPENDENT
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Study of Soil Temperature and Moisture Changes in a Physical Model of an Underground Cable Line
PublicationThe ampacity of power cables is highly dependent on the thermal resistivity of the soil in which they are laid. The lower it is, the higher this ampacity. The thermal resistivity of the soil decreases as its moisture increases. Therefore, it is preferable that the soil around the cables has high moisture. Unfortunately, the heat generated in heavily loaded cables causes the migration of moisture from the surrounding soil, which...
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Inline Microstrip Bandpass Filter With Two Transmission Zeros and Increased Order Using Spurious Resonance of Frequency-Dependent Inverter
PublicationA design method for a class of fourth-order inline microstrip bandpass filter with two transmission zeros and 20% fractional bandwidth is presented. The filter consists of two quarter-wavelength transmission-line resonators coupled by a frequency-dependent inverter. The inverter is composed of two open-ended stubs that are connected by an interdigital capacitor and introduces two poles and two transmission zeros in the filter response....
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Hydrogen effects in duplex stainless steel welded joints - electrochemical studies
PublicationIn this work results on the influence of hydrogen on passivity and corrosion resistance of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) welded joints are described. The results were discussed by taking into account three different areas on the welded joint: weld metal (WM), heat-affected zone (HAZ) and parent metal. The corrosion resistance was qualified with the polarization curves registered in a synthetic sea water. The conclusion is that,...
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The Influence of External Additional Loading on the Muscle Activity and Ground Reaction Forces during Gait
PublicationAsymmetrical external loading acting on the usculoskeletal system is generally considered unhealthy. Despite this knowledge, carrying loads in an asymmetrical manner like carrying on one shoulder, with one hand, or on the strap across the torso is a common practice. This study is aimed at presenting the effects of the mentioned load carrying methods on muscle activity assessed by using thermal field and ground reaction forces....
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THE APPLICATION OF THE MECHANOCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ADVANCED CERAMICS BASED ON BARIUM TITANATE
PublicationIn the present study, the lead-free BaTi1-xZrxO3 (for x = 0, 0.05 and 0.15) ceramics were prepared by High-Energy Ball Milling and heat treatments. The performed X-ray, SEM and EDS measurements confirmed high purity, good quality and the expected quantitative composition of the obtained samples. The study of dielectric properties was performed by means of broadband dielectric spectroscopy at the frequency ranging from 0.1 Hz to...
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Crystalline Polysaccharides: A Review
PublicationThe biodegradability and mechanical properties of polysaccharides are dependent on their architecture (linear or branched) as well as their crystallinity (size of crystals and crystallinity percent). The amount of crystalline zones in the polysaccharide significantly governs their ultimate properties and applications (from packaging to biomedicine). Although synthesis, characterization, and properties of polysaccharides have been...
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CeIr3: superconductivity in a phase based on tetragonally close packed clusters
PublicationWe present the crystallographic analysis, superconducting and spectroscopic characterization, and theoretical modeling of CeIr3. Lattice parameters a = 5.2945(1) Å and c = 26.219(1) Å are found for the R-3m symmetry crystal structure, which are close to the literature values. CeIr3 is a moderate type-II superconductor (κ GL = 17, λ e–p = 0.65) below 2.5 K. Ce ions exhibit a strongly intermediate valence character as evidenced by...
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Superconductivity in the superhard boride WB4.2
PublicationWe show that the superhard boride WB4.2 is a superconductor with a Tc of 2.05(5) K. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity, and specific heat measurements were used to characterize the superconducting transition. The Sommerfeld constant γ for WB4.2 is 2.07(3) mJ mol−1 K−2 and the ΔC/γTc=1.56, which is somewhat higher than what is expected for weakly coupled Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer type superconductors....
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The analysis of firms’ involvement in internationalisation and determinants of its intensity – an analysis for developing and post-transition economies
PublicationThe study presents the empirical analysis of firms’ involvement in different forms of internationalisation: export, indirect export, import, indirect import and finally simultaneous exporting and importing. The analysis is based on firm-level data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey (March 2017 release). The empirical part is divided into two stages. Firstly account is taken of firms’ heterogeneity and then a Melitz type analysis...
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Monosubstituted hydrazone β-cyclodextrin derivatives for pH-sensitive complex formation with aromatic drugs
PublicationA new and convenient synthetic pathway was developed to produce monosubstituted cyclodextrins with high yields. Each of the β-cyclodextrin derivatives described in this work has an aromatic substituent connected with cyclodextrin core by a pH-sensitive hydrazone linker and a carbon chain. Carbon chains differ in lengths having one or three carbon atoms. The correlation between water solubility and linker length was determined using...
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Analysis of luminance distribution uniformity in CAVE-type virtual reality systems
PublicationIn recent years, many scientific and industrial centers in the world developed a virtual reality systems or laboratories. The effect of user “immersion” into virtual reality in such systems is largely dependent of optical properties of the system. In this paper, problems of luminance distribution uniformity in CAVE-type virtual reality systems are analyzed. For better characterization of CAVE luminance nonuniformity corner and...
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Binder-induced surface structure evolution effects on Li-ion battery performance
PublicationA comparative investigation on binder induced chemical and morphological evolution of Li4Ti5O12 electrodes was performed via X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electrochemical measurements. Composite electrodes were obtained using three different binders (PAA, PVdF, and CMC) with 80:10:10 ratio of active material:carbon:binder. The electrochemical performances of the electrodes, were found to be...
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Effect of culinary treatment on chnages in the contents of selected nutrients and non-nutrients in curly kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala)
PublicationKale has a great nutritive value, very high antioxidant activity and pro-healthypotential. The level of phytochemicals and related bioactive compounds arestrongly dependent on pre and postharvest stages of production chain (domestic orindustrial). The study investigated changes in the levels of vitamin C, b-carotene,total polyphenols, antioxidant activity, degradation products of glucosinolates aswell as nitrates and nitrites in...
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Free volume in physical absorption of carbon dioxide in ionic liquids: Molecular dynamics supported modeling
PublicationUnderstanding the mechanisms underlying the carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption in ionic liquids (ILs) is the key to their efficient utilization in industrial flue gas treatment. One of the parameters considered substantially important in the process is the Free Volume. In this study, the Fractional Free Volume (FFV) of 73 ILs was calculated using Molecular Dynamics (MD). A quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) study...
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Electromagnetic forced vibrations of composite nanoplates using nonlocal strain gradient theory
PublicationThis article is intended to analyze forced vibrations of a piezoelectric-piezomagnetic ceramic nanoplate by a new refined shear deformation plate theory in conjunction with higher-order nonlocal strain gradient theory. As both stress nonlocality and strain gradient size-dependent effects are taken into account using the higher-order nonlocal strain gradient theory, the governing equations of the composite nanoplate are formulated....
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Method-Dependent Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Detection of Triazole Resistance in Candida and Aspergillus Species for the Sensititre YeastOne Colorimetric Broth and Etest Agar Diffusion Methods
PublicationAlthough the Sensititre Yeast-One (SYO) and Etest methods are widely utilized, interpretive criteria are not available for triazole susceptibility testing of Candida or Aspergillus species. We collected fluconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole SYO and Etest MICs from 39 laboratories representing all continents for (method/agent-dependent) 11,171 Candida albicans, 215 C. dubliniensis, 4,418 C. glabrata species complex,...
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The luminescence study of SrAl11.88−xGaxO19:0.12Cr3+ coumpounds.
Open Research DataPortable near-infrared (NIR) light sources are in high demand for applications in spectroscopy, night vision, bioimaging, and many others. Typical phosphor designs feature isolated Cr3+ ion centers, and it is challenging to design broadband NIR phosphors based on Cr3+–Cr3+ pairs. Here, we explore the solid-solution series SrAl11.88–xGaxO19:0.12Cr3+...
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Colvolutional calibration of AFM probe
Open Research DataAtomic force microscopy is based on the interaction of the examined surface with a probe of a pyramidal shape, tipped with a sharp end with a radius of curvature ranging from single nanometers to hundreds of nanometers. The resolution of the obtained image is of course dependent on the above-mentioned geometric size, and the resulting image is a convolutional...
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Modelling of acoustic backscattering by southern Baltic herring
PublicationAssessment of Baltic herring abundance can be carried out using acoustic techniques. Analysis of the relationship between the Baltic herring individual target strength, TS, and the total fish length, L, important for the acoustic assessment, showed the relationship to be dependent on the location of the study area. This finding motivated a detailed analysis of the relationship for the herring occurring in the southern Baltic...
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Thermo-resonance analysis of an excited graphene sheet using a new approach
PublicationForced vibration of graphene nanoplate based on a refined plate theory in conjunction with higher-order nonlocal strain gradient theory in the thermal environment has been investigated. Regarding the higher-order nonlocal strain gradient theory, both stress nonlocality and size-dependent effects are taken into account, so the equilibrium equations which are governing on the graphene sheet have been formulated by the theory....
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Mathematical model defining volumetric losses of hydraulic oil compression in a variable capacity displacement pump
PublicationThe objective of the work is to develop the capability of evaluating the volumetric losses of hydraulic oil compression in the working chambers of high pressure variable capacity displacement pump. Volumetric losses of oil compression must be determined as functions of the same parameters, which the volumetric losses due to leakage, resulting from the quality of design solution of the pump, are evaluated as dependent on and also...
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Morphology and local chain structure of polyamide 6 modified in the solid state with a semi-aromatic nylon salt
PublicationStructural and conformational differences between the polyamide 6 (PA6) homopolymer and two copolymers of PA6 modified in the solid state with 20 and 30 wt% of the semi-aromatic nylon salt of 1,5-diamino-2-methylpentane (Dytek A) and isophthalic acid (IPA) in the feed were investigated. Room temperature wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) analysis together with 13C{1H} cross-polarization/magic-angle spinning solid-state (CP/MAS)...
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Problems in designing and operating the functional safety solutions of higher integriity levels
PublicationThe aim of this article is to identify and discuss some problems that have been encountered in designing and operating the functional safety solutions of higher safety integrity levels (SIL 3 and SIL 4) in the light of analyses outlined in a new version of the international standard IEC 61508:2010. Examples of such solutions are the electric / electronic / programmable electronic systems (E/E/PESs) and the safety instrumented systems...
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Comparative study of flow condensation in conventional and small diameter tubes
PublicationFlow boiling and flow condensation are often regarded as two opposite or symmetrical phenomena, however their description with a single correlation has yet to be suggested. In the case of flow boiling in minichannels there is mostly encountered the annular flow structure, where the bubble generation is not present. Similar picture holds for the case of inside tube condensation, where annular flow structure predominates. In such...
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Highly-Compact Dual-Band Bandpass Waveguide Filter Based on Cross-Shaped Frequency-Dependent Coupling
PublicationThis work reports the design of an original class of highly-compact dual-band bandpass filter based on dual-mode waveguide resonators inter-coupled through a novel type of frequency-dependent coupling (FDC). The devised FDC consists of a cross-shaped metallic structure placed in the broad wall of a rectangular waveguide. This FDC produces two additional poles and three extra transmission zeros (TZs). Specifically, each pole is...
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Software-Defined NB-IoT Uplink Framework - The Design, Implementation and Use Cases
PublicationIn the radiocommunication area, we may observe a rapid growth of new technology, such as 5G. Moreover, all the newly introduced radio interfaces, e.g., narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), are strongly dependent on the software. Hence, the radiocommunication software development and optimization, as well as the 3GPP technical specification, should be introduced at the academic level of education. In this paper, a software-defined...
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Inline Waveguide Filter With Compact Frequency-Dependent Coupling Producing Two Additional Poles and Three Transmission Zeros
PublicationThis work reports a compact frequency-dependent coupling (FDC) structure introduced in a rectangular waveguide, which allows to generate two additional in-band transmission poles and three transmission zeros (TZs). This serves to increase the order/selectivity of the waveguide bandpass filter in a compact inline topology, thus without the need for any additional space/volume or cross coupling. The proposed FDC consists of a partial-height...
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Structural Control of Photoinduced Dynamics in 4H-Imidazole- Ruthenium Dyes
PublicationThe photoinduced dynamics of a series ofterpyridine 4H-imidazole-ruthenium complexes, which constitutea new family of panchromatic dyes, is investigated. Thedynamics involves two excited states localized within the 4Himidazolesphere. Upon MLCT excitation, an excited state ispopulated, which is localized on the central part of the 4Himidazoleligand caused by its nonplanar conformation. Thepopulation of the second excited state is...
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On thermal stability of piezo-flexomagnetic microbeams considering different temperature distributions
PublicationBy relying on the Euler–Bernoulli beam model and energy variational formula, we indicate critical temperature causes in the buckling of piezo-flexomagnetic microscale beams. The corresponding size-dependent approach is underlying as a second strain gradient theory. Small deformations of elastic solids are assessed, and the mathematical discussion is linear. Regardless of the pyromagnetic effects, the thermal loading of the thermal...
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Sulfate reducing ammonium oxidation (SULFAMMOX) process under anaerobic conditions
PublicationSulfate (SO42-) can be an electron acceptor for ammonium nitrogen (NH4+) oxidation under anaerobic conditions. The process is known as sulfammox and can be a viable alternative to conventional, nitrite (NO2-) dependent, anammox. Two bacterial species, including Bacillus Benzoevorans and Brocadia Anammoxoglobus Sulfate, can perform that process. With sulfammox, an economically inefficient pre-nitration step (due to aeration) is...
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Effect of Axial Porosities on Flexomagnetic Response of In-Plane Compressed Piezomagnetic Nanobeams
PublicationWe investigated the stability of an axially loaded Euler–Bernoulli porous nanobeam considering the flexomagnetic material properties. The flexomagneticity relates to the magnetization with strain gradients. Here we assume both piezomagnetic and flexomagnetic phenomena are coupled simultaneously with elastic relations in an inverse magnetization. Similar to flexoelectricity, the flexomagneticity is a size-dependent property. Therefore,...
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Experimental investigations and damage growth modeling of EN‐AW 2024 aluminum alloy under LCF loading accounting creep pre‐deformation
PublicationThis article presents the results of experimental tests of creep rupture and of low-cycle fatigue (LCF) of EN-AW 2024 aluminum alloy devoid of damage and having preliminary damage. The preliminary damage was dealt in the process of creep at elevated temperature 100C, 200C, and 300C until achievement of two different strain values at each temperature. Samples with preliminary damage were subjected to fatigue tests at room temperature....
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Detection, classification and localization of acoustic events in the presence of background noise for acoustic surveillance of hazardous situations
PublicationEvaluation of sound event detection, classification and localization of hazardous acoustic events in the presence of background noise of different types and changing intensities is presented. The methods for discerning between the events being in focus and the acoustic background are introduced. The classifier, based on a Support Vector Machine algorithm, is described. The set of features and samples used for the training of the...
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Metal (Mo, W, Ti) Carbide Catalysts: Synthesis and Application as Alternative Catalysts for Dry Reforming of Hydrocarbons—A Review
PublicationDry reforming of hydrocarbons (DRH) is a pro-environmental method for syngas production. It owes its pro-environmental character to the use of carbon dioxide, which is one of the main greenhouse gases. Currently used nickel catalysts on oxide supports suffer from rapid deactivation due to sintering of active metal particles or the deposition of carbon deposits blocking the flow of gases through the reaction tube. In this view,...
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Security Information Sharing for the Polish Power System
PublicationThe Polish Power System is becoming increasingly more dependent on Information and Communication Technologies which results in its exposure to cyberattacks, including the evolved and highly sophisticated threats such as Advanced Persistent Threats or Distributed Denial of Service attacks. The most exposed components are SCADA systems in substations and Distributed Control Systems in power plants. When addressing this situation...
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Bioconversion of waste materials to hydrogen via dark fermentation using Enterobacter aerogenes
PublicationHydrogen can be obtained via dark fermentation with the use of anaerobic Enterobacter aerogenes. The efficiency of hydrogen production by fermentation techniques is strongly dependent on the con-ditions used i.e. the pH range, temperature, composition of fermentation broths, oxygen content, or even the presence of substances with potentially inhibitory effects on the microbiological culture [1-4]. The paper describes the study...
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Assessing Effectiveness of Recommendations to Requirements-Related Problems through Interviews with Experts
PublicationRequirements Engineering and Business Analysis are known as very important to software project outcome but also difficult activities, coping with many problems and challenges. The work reported in this paper was preceded by a survey which revealed most common requirements-related problems in Polish IT industry. We addressed ten most frequently reported problems by reviewing the literature for recommen¬dations how to cope with...
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LDFEM analysis of FDP auger installation in cohesive soil
PublicationThis paper deals with large deformation finite element (LDFE) preliminary modelling of Full Displacement Pile (FDP) installation in cohesive soil deposit located in Jazowa, Poland. The detailed FDP auger geometry is applied and the drilling process is modelled with full 3D Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) formulation. The total stress approach and elastic-perfectly plastic model with rate-dependent Mises plasticity is used. The...
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Investigation of an elutable N-propylphosphonic acid chitosan derivative composition with a chitosan matrix prepared from carbonic acid solution
PublicationPorous chitosan composites using CO2 dissolution procedure and including water soluble N-propylphosphonic chitosan derivative (p-CHI) were obtained and characterized. In contrast to the control material, composites containing modified chitosan distinguished by a rapid moisture absorption and good adhesion to the skin. The FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of propylphosphonic group in the structure of the polymer. The porosity...
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Influence of anisotropic stiffness in numerical analyses of tunneling and excavation problems in stiff soils
PublicationIn the stiff overconsolidated soil deposits anisotropy influences small and intermediate strain stiffness and hence it has important impact on the results of discplacement preditcions in soil-structure modelling. The authors developed a cross-anisotropic soil model which combines both stress dependent and micro-structural anisotropy. The model is based on the anisotropic hyperelastic kernel for small strain stiffness. Reference...
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of N-acylated tyramine sulfamates containing C-F bonds as steroid sulfatase inhibitors
PublicationSteroid sulfatase (STS) is responsible for the hydrolysis of biologically inactive sulfated steroids into their active un-sulfated forms and promotes the growth of various hormone-dependent cancers (e.g., breast cancer). Therefore, the STS enzyme is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of steroid-sensitive cancers. Herein, we report the synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfamate analogs as potential STS inhibitors...
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel analogues of batracylin with synthetic amino acids and adenosine: an unexpected effect on centromere segregation in tumor cells through a dual inhibition of topoisomerase IIa and Aurora B
PublicationIn the search for new anticancer agents we designed and synthesized batracylin derivatives with linking synthetic amino acid side chains of different lengths and adenosine. Unexpectedly, we have found that in water and the culture media adenosine–amino acid–BAT conjugates form supramolecular structures and this prevents these compounds from entering cells. Consequently, these compounds exerted no biological activity when tested...
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Temperature Coefficient of Electronic Polarizability in Thin Polymer Films Deposited on Si and SiO2 Substrates Determined via Spectroscopic Ellipsometry
PublicationEllipsometry is widely used to determine the thermo-optical properties of thin polymer films. However, if the thermo-optic coefficient (TOC) and the linear thermal expansion coefficient (LTEC) are to be used to determine the temperature coefficient of electronic polarizability (TCEP) in thin polymer films, their values must be determined with the greatest possible accuracy, as both have the opposite effect. In this article,...
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An Island of Connectedness: Intra-Insular and Inter-Regional Communications of Rab Island (North-East Adriatic, Kvarner Gulf), Croatia
PublicationDrawing from archaeological data on Prehistoric and Roman settlement patterns, and respective sepulchral features, just as on later historic and cartographic sources, in this contribution it will be shown how movement along with mobility influenced on and were an integral part of settlement dynamics on the island of Rab (NE Adriatic, Croatia). The employed approach sees the practice of movement as dependent on specific social...
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Electroelastic biaxial compression of nanoplates considering piezoelectric effects
PublicationIn the present theoretical work, it is assumed that a piezoelectric nanoplate is connected to the voltage meter which voltages have resulted from deformation of the plate due to in-plane compressive forces whether they are critical buckling loads or arbitrary forces. In order to derive governing equations, a simplified four-variable shear deformation plate theory has been employed using Hamilton’s principle and Von-Kármán...
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The Effect of Sterols on Amphotericin B Self-Aggregation in a Lipid Bilayer as Revealed by Free Energy Simulations
PublicationAmphotericin B (AmB) is an effective but toxic antifungal drug, known to increase the permeability of the cell membrane, presumably by assembling into transmembrane pores in a sterol-dependent manner. The aggregation of AmB molecules in a phospholipid bilayer is, thus, crucial for the drug’s activity. To provide an insight into the molecular nature of this process, here, we report an atomistic molecular dynamics simulation study...
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Measurements of Path Loss in Off-Body Channels in Indoor Environments
PublicationThis paper presents a measurements of the path loss for validation of a statistical model for off-body radio channels in an indoor multipath environment, which considers the distance dependent mean path loss, and describes body shadowing and fast fading components in a statistical way. The measurement equipment and propagation indoor environment have been presented. Two different bodies and five static and two walking scenarios...
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Solid-State Modification of Poly(butylene terephthalate) with a Bio-Based Fatty Acid Dimer Diol Furnishing Copolyesters with Unique Morphologies
PublicationCopolyesters based on poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and a bio-based fatty acid dimer diol (FADD) were prepared by solid-state modification (SSM). The chemical incorporation of the FADD into the backbone of the PBT was proven using various techniques. It was clear that the incorporation rate was diffusion-limited rather than reaction-limited. From quantitative 13C NMR a nonrandom chemical microstructure was obtained at all...
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Phase separation in poly(butylene terephthalate)-based materials prepared by solid-state modification
PublicationThe morphology of a series of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)/fatty acid dimer diol (FADD)-based copolyesters prepared by solid-state modi fi cation (SSM) was studied. It was shown that in copolyesters containing less than 10 wt% FADD two different phases, i.e. a PBT crystalline phase and a PBT-rich amorphous phase, are present. The FADD residues were more or less homogeneously distributed throughout the interlamellar regions....
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Ultrafast Intramolecular Relaxation and Wave-Packet Motion in a Ruthenium-Based Supramolecular Photocatalyst
PublicationThe hydrogen-evolving photocatalyst [(tbbpy)2 Ru(tpphz)Pd(Cl)2 ](2+) (tbbpy=4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine, tpphz=tetrapyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c:3'',2''-h:2''',3'''-j]phenazine) shows excitation-wavelength-dependent catalytic activity, which has been correlated to the localization of the initial excitation within the coordination sphere. In this contribution the excitation-wavelength dependence of the early excited-state relaxation...