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Search results for: BIAŁKO KANAŁOTWÓRCZE DRAC
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Removal of sulfur from a solvent extract
PublicationThe presence of sulfur in a solvent extract that is to be analyzed chromatographically impairs and sometimes precludes properinterpretation of the chromatogram, as the sulfur peak masks the peaks of other compounds present in the sample, and sulfur alsodisrupts the operation of the mass detector. This means that discrepancies in the results can lead to erroneous interpretations andfalse assessments of environmental risk. For this...
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Common methods for the chiral determination of amphetamine and related compounds II: Capillary electrophoresis and nuclear magnetic resonance
PublicationAmphetamine group and related ring-substituted substances are generally synthetic compounds, belonging to one of the most heavily abused drug groups in recent years. Some compounds in this class also originate from plants. Analysis of the enantiomers of AM-type compounds and metabolites is extremely important for a number of scientific disciplines. From studies of biological activity or mechanisms through determination of precursor...
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Testing and sampling devices for monitoring volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds in indoor air
PublicationAdults spend most of their time in enclosed spaces (e.g., apartment, office and public buildings). According to research conducted by scientists, air quality indoors is much worse than the ambient air quality outdoors. Hazardous chemicals found in air indoors can adversely affect the functioning of the human body and cause many respiratory and circulatory diseases. Harmful chemical compounds (mainly volatile organic compounds and...
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Direct chromatographic methods in the context of green analytical chemistry
PublicationWe review analytical protocols based on gas and liquid chromatography (GC and LC), but involving no sample preparation.Green analytical chemistry seeks to minimize negative impacts of analytical chemistry. Direct analytical methods ideally fulfillthis requirement, as they preclude sample preparation - the most polluting step of the analytical procedure.We describe examples of GC methodologies for environmental and food analysis...
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Analytical eco-scale for assessing the greenness of analytical procedures
PublicationWe propose the analytical eco-scale as a novel comprehensive approach to evaluating the greenness of analytical methodology. It is based on assigning penalty points to parameters of an analytical process that are not in agreement with the ideal green analysis. This approach compares different parameters and different steps of the analytical process. Traditional green chemistry metrics 9e.g. Atom Economy, E-factor and Reaction Mass...
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A standard analytical method as the common good and pollution abatement measure
PublicationA standard method can be considered as a common-good “resource,” and the solution to “the commons” problems usually lies in societal self-organization. The multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was applied to model complex phenomena, such as the standard selection for imidacloprid determination. In this process, the standard was self-selected by the analytical chemistry society. The results show that analytical chemistry is a...
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Analytical procedures for quality control of pharmaceuticals in terms of residual solvents content: Challenges and recent developments
PublicationResidual solvents play an important role in the synthesis of drugs and in product formulations. In addition, they pose a serious problem, that is toxicity, as many of them exhibit toxic or environmentally hazardous properties. Therefore, constant monitoring of quality control is needed. In this study, we present an overview of regulatory and general methods described by various pharmacopoeias. Then, the most commonly used methodologies...
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Application of electrochemical sensors and sensor matrixes for measurement of odorous chemical compounds
PublicationIn this paper describes the principle of operation of the electrochemical sensors and the sensor matrixes comprised of electrochemical sensors intended for measurement of odorous compounds. Critical comparison of these sensors’ advantages and disadvantages has been made. The fields of economy contributing to release of odours and the potential sources of their emission have been identified. Commercially available electrochemical...
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Determination of antibiotic residues in honey
PublicationHoney produced by honeybees is a valuable food product. The presence of xenobiotics in honey may harm its quality and constitute a danger to human health. Antibiotics are commonly applied by beekeepers to eliminate disease among honeybees. Moreover, ubiquitous administration of antibiotics may cause bacteria to become resistant to many drugs and spread antibioticresistant strains of bacteria. Appropriate sample preparation and...
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Properties and determination of pesticides in fruits and vegetables
PublicationThe intensive development of agriculture means that more and more toxic organic and inorganic compounds are entering theenvironment. Because of their widespread use, stability, selective toxicity and bioaccumulation, pesticides are among the mosttoxic substances contaminating the environment. They are particularly dangerous in fruit and vegetables, by which people areexposed to them. It is therefore crucial to monitor pesticide...
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Common methods for the chiral determination of amphetamine and related compounds I. Gas, liquid and thin-layer chromatography
PublicationThis article reviews the most common, useful methods for the chiral determination of amphetamine (AM) and AM-deriveddesigner drugs in different of matrix, including blood, hair, urine, medicaments or standard solutions, taking into considerationarticles published in the past 15 years. We consider chromatographic methods (e.g., gas, liquid, high-performance liquid, and thinlayer). We describe several types of chiral derivatization...
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Analytical and bioanalytical problems associated with the toxicity of elemental sulfur in the environment
PublicationWe summarize the state of knowledge on the toxicity and the bioavailability of elemental sulfur. We also present: analytical methods used to determine the elemental sulfur content of samples with complex matrices; and, problems and difficulties encountered while using biotests for samples containing elemental sulfur.
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Natural/bio-based sorbents as greener extractive materials for endocrine disrupting compounds in samples of different matrix composition
PublicationEndocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) are a group of chemicals that interfere with the endocrine system, leading to adverse effects on human health and the environment. Increasing concerns over the EDCs presence in various environmental compartments has driven the search for greener extraction materials. Recently, the use of polymers of natural origin (biopolymers) has been demonstrated to be an effective and promising research...
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Polymeric porous membranes as solid support and protective material in microextraction processes: A review
PublicationPolymeric porous membranes have proven to be a versatile and efficient material for microextraction processes. In analytical practice, they are used both as a solid support and as a protective medium for improved sample preparation in various analytical applications. Polymeric porous membranes offer unique advantages in microextraction due to their large surface area and controllable pore size, eliminating interfering effects from...
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Microextraction by packed sorbent: Uncommon detection techniques, sorbents, samples and analytes
PublicationAmong sample preparation approaches, the most desirable are procedures that ensure high efficiency and reproducibility, that are cheap, fast and simple, that minimize the number of operational steps and that require a small amount of sample and solvent and are thus environmentally friendly. Microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) is a miniaturized form of solid-phase extraction, the use of which has been continuously expanding...
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Molecularly imprinted polymers for the detection of volatile biomarkers
PublicationIn the field of cancer detection, the development of affordable, quick, and user-friendly sensors capable of detecting various cancer biomarkers, including those for lung cancer (LC), holds utmost significance. Sensors are expected to play a crucial role in the early-stage diagnosis of various diseases. Among the range of options, sensors emerge as particularly appealing for the diagnosis of various diseases, owing to their cost-effectiveness,...
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Passive sampling
PublicationPrzedstawiono możliwości wykorzystania technik pasywnych (opartych na swobodnym ruchu cząsteczek analitu do medium zatrzymującego) w analityce środowiskowej. Omówiono przykłady wykorzystania zarówno organizmów żywych (biomonitoring) jak i urządzeń pasywnych do pobierania próbek analitów z badanego medium (powietrze, woda, gleba).
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Modern solutions in the field of microextraction using liquid as a medium of extraction
PublicationThe monitoring of compounds present in samples at trace/ultra-trace level usually requires a preliminary step of isolation and/or enrichment of analytes. Against, sample preparation is considered as crucial part of whole analytical procedures, in particular in samples characterized by complex matrices composition. Several new miniaturized extraction techniques is introduced and extensively applied to different type of samples....
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Dopants and gas modifiers in ion mobility spectrometry
PublicationThe ion mobility techniques, including the most commonly used drift-tube ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) and differential mobility spectrometry (DMS), are used successfully for the detection of a wide range of organic compounds in the gas phase. In order to improve detection quality, admixtures are added to gas streams flowing through the detector. Dopants mostly prevent the ionization of interfering chemicals however, better detection...
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Application of deep eutectic solvents in bioanalysis
PublicationThe application of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) is sharply surging as a green alternative to conventional solvents due to their unique properties in terms of simplicity of preparation, designability and low cost. A great deal of attention has been paid to the application of these green solvents in analytical chemistry in recent years, and a lot of interesting work has been reported. This review summarizes the most relevant applications...
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Olfactory receptor-based biosensors as potential future tools in medical diagnosis
PublicationThe detection of biomarkers is the future of non-invasive medical diagnosis and screening. Discovery and identification of reliable disease specific volatile organic compounds is dependent on repeatable, accurate analysis of trace level gaseous analytes mainly in breath samples. Natural variety of the olfactory systems and the compounds capable of gas molecules binding creates wide possibilities of acquisition and implementation...
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Sorbents modified by deep eutectic solvents in microextraction techniques
PublicationIn recent years, considerable attention has been directed towards the employment of green solvents, specifically deep eutectic solvents (DES), in liquid phase microextraction techniques. However, comprehensive and organized knowledge regarding the modification of sorbent surface structures with DES remains limited. Therefore, this paper reviews the application of DES in modifying and improving the properties of sorbents for microextraction...
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Analytical progress on emerging pollutants in the environment: An overview of the topics
PublicationThis overview discusses the ideas behind a collection of articles by invited authors on a diverse range of complex chemical mixtures and analytical methods which represent some of the most relevant and interesting issues on emerging contaminants of environmental health concerns. These chemicals, including those in high volume production, are released on an ongoing basis as a result of various human activities. Moreover, these emerging contaminants...
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Novel sorptive extraction techniques in bioanalysis evaluated by Blue Applicability Grade Index: The paradigm of fabric phase sorptive extraction and capsule phase microextraction
PublicationFabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) and capsule phase microextraction (CPME) are two sol-gel derived microextraction techniques that emerged in the last decade towards the minimization of the environmental impact of conventional sample preparation approaches. Complementary to the well-established green metric tools, Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI) was recently proposed for the evaluation of method’s practicability. In...
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Investigation of stability of aqueous solutions containing trace amounts of volatile organic analytes
PublicationOznaczając lotne związki chlorowcoorganiczne w matrycy wodnej należy uwzględnić specyficzne właściwości, którymi charakteryzują się te związki, a mianowicie:- niska temperatura wrzenia; - wysoka prężność pary nad roztworem; - stosunkowo niska rozpuszczalność w wodzie.Właściwości te należy uwzględnić w trakcie przygotowania wodnych roztworów wzorcowych wykorzystywanych na etapie kalibracji i badań modelowych. Ze względu na istotność...
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The role of analytical chemistry in the study of the Anthropocene
PublicationThe term “Anthropocene” refers to not yet formalized epoch of geologic time during which geologic processes have been dominated by the human impact. This impact takes on many forms. Biological, physical and chemical changes to the Earth System caused by anthropogenic activity are recorded in natural archives either as new fossil assemblages (neobiota), anthropogenic deposits or a wide variety of pollutants emitted to the environment....
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Application of additional factors supporting the microextraction process
PublicationDue to the fact that green analytical chemistry is of high importance, the past two decades have witnessed a rapid growth in the sample preparation area with special emphasis on simplification, miniaturization and automation of extraction procedures. In addition, to accelerate the extraction processes and to improve the separation of analytes, several enhanced parameters are applied. These factors include, ultrasounds, microwaves,...
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Prospects of ionic liquids application in electronic and bioelectronic nose instruments
PublicationThis paper addresses the problem of application of ionic liquids to chemical sensors and biosensors being an integral part of the electronic and bioelectronic-type instruments. The design and principle of operation of the electronic and bioelectronic noses are compared. Both the benefits and shortcomings of the application of ionic liquids in these type of instruments are described. The prospects of the development and application...
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Extraction with environmentally friendly solvents
PublicationThe ever-increasing demand for determining compounds at low concentration levels in complex matrices requires a preliminary step of analytes isolation/enrichment in order to employ a detection technique characterized by high sensitivity at low LOQ. Sample preparation is considered as crucial part of analytical procedures. Previously the parameter of “greenness” is as important as selectivity in order to avoid using harmful organic...
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Problems and challenges associated with estimating the emissions of organic compounds from indoor materials
PublicationFor several years intensive research has been carried out with the aim of developing a database of the types and amounts of pollutants released from indoor materials to the indoor environment. The paper discusses in detail basic problems and challenges encountered when estimating the emissions of chemical compounds released from of indoor materials. Factors affecting the validity of data obtained by using two different types of...
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Computational modeling of molecularly imprinted polymers as a green approach to the development of novel analytical sorbents
PublicationThe development of novel molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) sorbents for specific chemical compounds require a lot of tedious and time-consuming laboratory work. Significant quantities of solvents and reagents are consumed in the course of the verification of appropriate configurations of polymerization reagents. Implementation of molecular modeling in the MIP sorbent development process appears to provide a solution to this...
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Greening procedures and analytical parameters. The polychlorinated naphthalenes analysis in complex matrices as proof of concept
PublicationDue to the complexity of analytical procedures employed for the determination of wide spectrum of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), it is important to consider the green character of the applied protocols and propose the greenest solutions. In this review, the green aspects of several analytical procedures used for the determination of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) (as a representatives of POPs) in different types of...
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Greenness assessment of analytical methods used for antibiotic residues determination in food samples
PublicationFood of animal origin plays an important role in ensuring a healthy and sustainable human diet. However, residues of pharmaceuticals, especially antibiotics, can be the cause of many health problems. To protect consumers and improve food quality, analytical methods used to determine contaminants should be simple, selective, and have high throughput and low detection limits. Recently, greenness metric tools have proven useful in...
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Surfactants application in sample preparation techniques: Insights, trends, and perspectives
PublicationSince the implementation of Green Chemistry into analytical practice, significant efforts have been made to improve the sustainability of chemical analysis. These include reducing the use of hazardous chemicals and solvents, minimizing waste, and improving energy efficiency. Surfactants can be applied in chemical analysis as an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional solvents and chemicals. The use of surfactants can...
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Miniaturized solid phase extraction techniques for different kind of pollutants analysis: State of the art and future perspectives – PART 2
PublicationDetermination of pollutants present in environmental samples at a low concentration level very often requires the analytical protocol that includes analytes isolation and/or enrichment prior to the final quantification. Miniaturized SPE offers an interesting alternative to LLE. Nowadays, many types of sorbents are available and can be used as selective materials for extraction of varied analytes in different kinds of samples. The...
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Miniaturized Solid Phase Extraction techniques for different kind of pollutants analysis: State of the art and future perspectives – PART 1
PublicationSolid Phase Extraction (SPE) has been practiced in a modern form for more than half a century. It was constantly developing, driven by the analysts needs. These needs are coming from the importance to select an appropriate analytical method, which should have satisfactory accuracy, precision and sensitivity. In the case of sorbent-based microextraction techniques, the choice of miniaturized variants that meet these requirements...
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Effects of Urea and Trimethylamine-N-oxide on the Properties of Water and the Secondary Structure of Hen Egg White Lysozyme
PublicationW celu określenia sposobu hydratacji mocznika i N-tlenku trimetyloaminy, wykorzystano spektroskopię oscylacyjną FTIR. Dane eksperymentalne, otrzymane z pomiarów widm oscylacyjnych wody półciężkiej (HDO) rozcieńczonej izotopowo w wodnych roztworach badanych związków, analizowane były za pomocą "metody widm różnicowych". Strukturalno-energetyczna charakterystyka wody zaburzonej przez cząsteczki osmolitów wskazuje, że woda zaburzona...
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Zastosowania chromatografii wykluczania (SEC) w analityce technicznej i preparatyce – część I-sza.
PublicationW pracy scharakteryzowano założenia teoretyczne oraz mechanizm rozdzielania w warunkach chromatografii wykluczania (SEC). Przeanalizowano wady i zalety tej techniki rozdzielania. Przedstawiono przegląd zastosowań obejmujący wykorzystanie SEC w analityce technicznej oraz w preparatyce. SEC w warunkach liofilowych znajduje zastosowanie do rozdzielania mieszanin polimerów t.j. polistyren, polibutadien, poliizopren, poli(dimetylosiloksan),...
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Nowe testy diagnostyczne oparte o antygeny rekombinantowe Toxoplasma gondii do wykrywania oraz różnicowania fazy wczesnej i przewlekłej toksoplazmozy
PublicationToksoplazmoza jest jedną z najbardziej powszechnych chorób pasożytniczych człowieka i zwierząt stałocieplnych. Na świecie jedna trzecia ludzkiej populacji jest chronicznie zarażona Toxoplasma gondii. Mimo, iż choroba ta u zdrowych,dorosłych osób zazwyczaj ma charakter bezobjawowy, bardzo poważne objawy mogą wystąpić w przypadku wrodzonego zarażenia oraz u osób z niedoborem odporności. Ponadto, pomimo dokładnego poznania jej etiologii...
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Pomiary fluorescencji dla światłowodowych sensorów chemicznych
Publicationw pracy opisano zrealizowany układ do pomiaru fluorescencji materiałów sensorycznych. zaproponowano układ wykorzystujący rozdzielenie widma absorpcji i emisji promieniowania oraz detekcję fazoczułą. opisano sposób przygotowania badanych próbek, a także przeprowadzono pomiary wybranych związków chemicznych. uzyskane wyniki są podstawą do dalszych prac.
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Optoelektroniczne sensory fluorescencyjne dla monitoringu zanieczyszczeń środowiska
Publicationw pracy zaproponowano i opisano optoelektroniczny fluorescencyjny sensor do pomiaru stężenia kobaltu w wodzie. opisano zasadę działania tego typu sensorów. zaproponowano konfigurację laboratoryjnego stanowiska pomiarowego i przeprowadzono dobór niektórych jego komponentów. przedstawiono także etapy dalszych prac badawczych nad konstrukcją sensora.
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Urządzenia ratunkowe i ratownicze statków - prace projektowo badawcze
PublicationW referacie przedstawiono dotychczasowe prace projektowo-badawcze, dotyczące okrętowych urządzeń ratunkowych i ratowniczych, prowadzone na Wydziale Oceanotechniki i Okrętownictwa PG oraz aktualnie realizowany zakres prac prowadzonych w ramach 6 Europejskiego Programu Ramowego pod nazwą ''Safecrafts - bezpieczna ewakuacja ludzi ze statków''.
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Proponowana strategia zarządzania budową w warunkach ryzyka
PublicationW artykule został przedstawiony pogląd dotyczący uwzględniania wielu czynników podczas planowania prac budowlanych. Ze względu na niedeterministyczny charakter czasu robót budowlanych warto spróbować udzielić odpowiedzi na szereg pytań dotyczących tego zjawiska. Pozwoli to w przyszłości budować systemy służące do wyznaczania oceny ryzyka.
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Badania urządzeń wetylacyno-klimatyzacyjnych wykorzystujących adsorpcyjne osuszanie powietrza
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wybrane wyniki prac związanych z ograniczeniem zużycia energii w systemach wentylacyjnych i klimatyzacyjnych oraz doskonaleniem metod obliczania procesów wymiany ciepła i masy realizowanych w nowoczesnych urządzeniach stosowanych w klimatyzacji. Zaprezentowano własne wyniki badań urządzeń: monowalentnego i hybrydowego.
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Elastic protection coating for ship fuel tanks, intended for the increasing of environment protection level
PublicationW opracowaniu przedstawiono problemy związane z wprowadzeniem nowego rozwiązania dla podniesienia bezpieczeństwa zbiorników paliwowych, poprzez zainstalowanie we wnętrzu zbiornika drugiej elastycznej bariery ochronnej opartej na warstwie wypełniacza. Przedstawiono wyniki prac związanych z doborem parametrów warstwy drugiej bariery jak również materiału wypełniacza.
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Obróbka chemiczna, termiczna oraz laserowa w recyklingu ogniw i modułów fotowoltaicznych z krystalicznego krzemu
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wybrane sposoby prowadzenia recyklingu zużytych lub uszkodzonych modułów i ogniw fotowoltaicznych oraz praktyczne wyniki prac eksperymentalnych z wykorzystaniem metod: chemicznych, termicznych oraz techniki laserowej. Opisano wady i zalety stosowanych technik, pomocne przy optymalizowaniu metody recyklingu dla zastosowań komercyjnych.
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Historia rozwoju trakcji elektrycznej i jej obecność na Politechnice Gdańskiej
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono zarys historii trakcji elektrycznej w świetle obecności i rozwoju tej dyscypliny na Politechnice Gdańskiej. Szczególnie skupiono się na rozwoju transportu zelektryfikowanego w rejonie Pomorza Gdańskiego z perspektywy prac wykonywanych przez pracowników Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej.
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Wykorzystanie infrastruktury systemu ami w monitorowaniu i sterowaniu sieciami niskiego napięcia
PublicationW referacie przedstawiono wybrane zagadnienia z prac prowadzonych w ramach europejskiego grantu UPGRID realizowanego przez konsorcjum firm z siedmiu państw europejskich, w tym również z Polski, który dotyczy między innymi optymalizacji pracy sieci niskiego napięcia przy wykorzystaniu danych z liczników AMI.
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Techniczno-ekonomiczne uwarunkowania zmiany sposobu użytkowania budynków usytuowanych na terenach powojskowych
PublicationW artykule opisano utrudnienia wynikające z aktualnego stanu technicznego budynków usytuowanych na terenie dawnej jednostki wojskowej, które poddawane są przebudowie w celu ich adaptacji na budynki mieszkalne oraz lokale usługowe. Określono koncepcje prac projektowych mających na celu realizacje zamierzenia inwestycyjnego
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Monitoring konstrukcji mostu podwieszanego i extradosed : Wybrane zagadnienia.
PublicationArtykuł stanowi podsumowanie ostatnich prac autora związanych z projektowaniem i oceną skuteczności systemu monitorowania konstrukcji mostu podwieszonego i extradosed. W artykule przedstawiono również system monitoringu konstrukcji zastosowany na moście typu extradosed przez Wisłę koło Kwidzyna oraz zaprezentowano przykładowe wyniki monitoringu.