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Optimization of thermal backfill configurations for desired high-voltage power cables ampacity
PublicationThe ampacity of high-voltage power cables depends, among others, on their core cross-sectional area as well as thermal resistivity of the thermal backfill surrounding the cables. The cross-sectional area of the power cables’ core is selected according to the expected power to be transferred via the cable system. Usually, the higher the power transfer required, the higher the cross-sectional area of the core. However, the cost of...
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Inception and Propagation of Electrical Trees in the Presence of Space Charge in HVAC Extruded Cables
PublicationThis paper presents the space charge impact on the inception and propagation of electrical trees in cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation via simulations and experimentation. A 3D finite element analysis (FEA)-based modeling is proposed to simulate electrical trees via a needle embedded on the XLPE insulation. The proposed FEA model demonstrates the influence of the space charge magnitude and polarity on the initiation of...
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An endotracheal tube mounted camera for intubation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Preliminary data
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Comparative Analysis of Regular Grid Based Algorithms in the Design of Graphical Control Panels
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Subjective Perception of the Background Color and Layout in the Design of Typical Graphical Control Panels
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Multi-Camera Vehicle Tracking Using Local Image Features and Neural Networks
PublicationA method for tracking moving objects crossing fields of view of multiple cameras is presented. The algorithm utilizes Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Each ANN is trained to recognize images of one moving object acquired by a single camera. Local image features calculated in the vicinity of automatically detected interest points are used as object image parameters. Next, ANNs are employed to identify the same objects captured...
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Risk of power cables insulation failure due to the thermal effect of solar radiation
PublicationLow-voltage, as well as high-voltage power cable lines, are usually buried in the ground. The ampacity of the power cables in the ground mainly depends on the thermal resistivity of the soil, which may vary in a wide range. A common practice in power cable systems performance is to supply them from a pole of an overhead line. If so, a section of the line is located in free air and can be directly exposed to solar radiation. In...
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Flexural behavior of composite structural insulated panels with magnesium oxide board facings
PublicationThe current report is devoted to the flexural analysis of a composite structural insulated panel (CSIP) with magnesium oxide board facings and expanded polystyrene (EPS) core, that was recently introduced to the building industry. An advanced nonlinear FE model was created in the ABAQUS environment, able to simulate the CSIP’s flexural behavior in great detail. An original custom code procedure was developed, which allowed to include...
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Experimental Study on Dynamics of Wooden House Wall Panels with Different Thermal Isolation
PublicationWood frame buildings are very popular in regions that are exposed to different dynamic excitations including earthquakes. Therefore, their seismic resistance is really important in order to prevent structural damages and human losses. The aim of the present paper is to show the results of experimental tests focused on the dynamic response of wall panels of a wooden frame building with thermal isolation made of mineral wool and...
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Effect of soil moisture on current-carrying capacity of low-voltage power cables
PublicationOne of the factors affecting current-carrying capacity of underground power cables is the thermal resistivity of soil. Its value in the close proximity of the cable is the most important, and for this reason, in some cases, the local soil is replaced with an another soil type or with a cement-sand mixture. The thermal resistivity of the soil is strongly affected by moisture, and in the case of a cement-sand mixture – as tested...
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3D Vision System for a Robotic Arm Based on Equal Baseline Camera Array
PublicationThis paper presents a lightweight 3D vision system called Equal Baseline Camera Array (EBCA). EBCA can work in different light conditions and it can be applied for measuring large range of distances. The system is a useful alternative to other known distance measuring devices such as structured-light 3D scanners, time-of-flight cameras, Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) devices and structure from motion techniques. EBCA can be...
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Fuzzy rule-based dynamic gesture recognition employing camera & multimedia projector
PublicationIn the paper the system based on camera and multimedia projector enabling a user to control computer applications by dynamic hand gestures is presented. The main objective is to present the gesture recognition methodology which bases on representing hand movement trajectory by motion vectors analyzed using fuzzy rule-based inference. The approach was engineered in the system developed with J2SE and C++ / OpenCV technology. OpenCV...
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<title>Nios II implementation in CCD camera for Pi of the Sky experiment</title>
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<title>New low noise CCD cameras for Pi-of-the-Sky project</title>
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Impact of configuration of earth continuity conductor on induced sheath voltages in power cables
PublicationIn high voltage power cable systems a problem of induced sheath voltages exist. Due to these voltages electric shock and damage of non-metallic outer sheath of the cables may occur. Exposure to voltage of the outer sheath may be very high in case of earth fault with high value of earth current. In order to reduce induced sheath voltages an earth continuity conductor (conductors) along power cables is applied. Configuration of this...
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A vertical subway, namely, an internal transport system in a 1200 m tall building,
PublicationThis article deals with the topic of designing an efficient internal transport system in a 1200 m tall multifunctional building called the “World’s Tower” due to its symbolism and specific architectural form. The building comprises four towers whose bases are 75 m/75 m long each and whose height is 1200 m. Two of the towers are located along the north-south axis while the two others along the east-west one. The towers are joined...
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FEM modelling of stress and strain distribution in weld joints of steel sandwich panels
PublicationThe development of laser welding technology has enabled the mass production of thin-walled structures, including steel sandwich panels. The technology of joining plating panels with stiffeners by welding allows us to create joints with a specific geometry and material properties. In comparison with other types of joints, laser welds are characterized by their specific behaviour under cyclic load and, as a consequence, a different...
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Failure mode prediction for composite structural insulated panels with MgO board facings
PublicationSandwich panels are readily used in civil engineering due to their high strength to weight ratio and the ease and speed of assembly. The idea of a sandwich section is to combine thin and durable facings with a light-weight core and the choice of materials used allows obtaining the desired behaviour. Panels in consideration consist of MgO (magnesium oxide) board facings and expanded polystyrene core and are characterized by immunity...
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Face Profile View Retrieval Using Time of Flight Camera Image Analysis
PublicationMethod for profile view retrieving of the human face is presented. The depth data from the 3D camera is taken as an input. The preprocessing is, besides of standard filtration, extended by the process of filling of the holes which are present in depth data. The keypoints, defined as the nose tip and the chin are detected in user’s face and tracked. The Kalman filtering is applied to smooth the coordinates of those points which...
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Experiments and FE analyses on airborne sound properties of composite structural insulated panels
PublicationArtykuł przedstawia wyniki doświadczalne i numeryczne odnośnie właściwości akustycznych paneli budowlanych. Jako panele zastosowano płyty kompozytowe konstrukcyjno-izolacyjne CSIP. Obliczenia numeryczne wykonano MES stosując podejście zaproponowane w pakiecie ABAQUS. Wyniki MES porównano bezpośrednio z doświadczeniami. Zaproponowano różne spsoby poprawy właściwości akustycznych paneli.
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Innovation in the strategies of Polish provinces - a comparative study of selected cases
PublicationMany strategic management theorists and practitioners believe that the implementation of innovation is one of the key factors determining the company success and show the relationship between long-term innovation strategy and business development strategy. It has also been claimed that similar strategies should be developed for each unit of public administrationMinistry of Economy has set National Development Strategy 2007-2015...
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Study on applicability of two modal identification techniques in irrelevant cases
PublicationStudy on applicability of two modal identification techniques in irrelevant cases is made in this paper. The following techniques are considered: Peak Picking based on correlation analysis (PP-CA), dedicated for ambient vibrations and Eigensystem Realization Algorithm (ERA), formulated for free decay vibrations investigation. Irrelevant cases are found when analyzed signals are different than recommended to a given technique. The...
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Port hinterland connections: a comparative study of Polish and Belgian cases
PublicationW badaniu zastosowano podejście porównawcze - zestawiono symulację oddziaływania na zaplecze lądowe dwóch różnych europejskich obszarów portowych: Antwerpii (Belgia) oraz aglomenracji Gdańska i Gdyni (Polska. Oba ośrodki posiadają ważne powiązania drogowe z zapleczem ladowym, z którym próbują konkurować inne formy transportu towarowego. Niemniej, port w Antwerpii jest już jednym z wiodących portów na kontynencie, podczas gdy porty...
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Multihomed Wireless Terminals: MAC Configuration and Network Selection Games
PublicationW artykule rozpatruje się rozdział pasma pomiędzy zbiór racjonalnych terminali bezprzewodowych dołączonych do wielu sieci lokalnych. Przy pomocy narzędzi analitycznych teorii gier pokazuje się, w jaki sposób można zniechęcać terminale do agresywnej konfiguracji protokołu MAC. Analizowana jest ilościowo rola prędkości generacji informacji zwrotnej z sieci w stosunku do częstości generacji żądań dostępu terminala do sieci. Wykazano,...
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Utilizing online collaborative games to facilitate Agile Software Development
PublicationEffective collaboration and interaction among the development team and between the team and the customer as well as proactive attitude in initiating and implementing improvements play vital roles in the success of agile projects. The challenge is how to address these social aspects since neither the Agile Manifesto nor the Scrum Guide specify techniques that aid the human side of software development. To fill this gap, we developed...
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Comparative conformance cases for monitoring multiple implementations of critical requirements
PublicationThe paper presents the concept and the mechanism of comparative conformance cases which support conformance monitoring in situations where a standard or other set of requirements are being implemented at multiple sites. The mechanism is enabled by NOR-STA services which implement the TRUST-IT methodology and are deployed in the cloud in accordance with the SaaS model. In the paper we introduce the concept of comparative conformance...
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Electrical Tree Growth Behavior Under AC and DC High Voltage in Power Cables
PublicationThis work investigates the impact of an applied AC and DC high voltage on the electrical tree behavior in extruded cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation based on simulation and experimental validation. Extensive partial discharge (PD) testing methods are being implemented for high voltage cables under AC voltage for monitoring their condition. However, these PD testing methods cannot be utilized for power cables under DC...
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Impact of thermal backfill parameters on current-carrying capacity of power cables installed in the ground
PublicationProper design of power installations with the participation of power cables buried in homogeneous and thermally well-conductive ground does not constitute a major problem. The situation changes when the ground is non-homogeneous and thermally low-conductive. In such a situation, a thermal backfill near the cables is commonly used. The optimization of thermal backfill parameters to achieve the highest possible current-carrying capacity...
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Using Disparity Map for Moving Object Position Estimation in Pan Tilt Camera Images
PublicationIn this paper we present the algorithm for rapid moving object position estimation in an images acquired from pan tilt camera. Detection of a moving object in a image acquired from a moving camera might be quite challenging. Standard methods that relay on analyzing two consecutive frames are not applicable due to the changing background. To overtake this problem we decided to evaluate the possibility of calculating a disparity...
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Edgewise Compressive Behavior of Composite Structural Insulated Panels with Magnesium Oxide Board Facings
PublicationEdgewise compression response of a composite structural insulated panel (CSIP) with magnesium oxide board facings was investigated. The discussed CSIP is a novel multifunctional sandwich panel introduced to the housing industry as a part of the wall, floor, and roof assemblies. The study aims to propose a computational tool for reliable prediction of failure modes of CSIPs subjected to concentric and eccentric axial loads. An advanced...
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The Influence of Camera and Optical System Parameters on the Uncertainty of Object Location Measurement in Vision Systems
PublicationThe article presents the influence of the camera and its optical system on the uncertainty of object position measurement in vision systems. The aim of the article is to present the methodology for estimating the combined standard uncertainty of measuring the object position with a vision camera treated as a measuring device. The identification of factors affecting the location measurement uncertainty and the determination of their...
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Cameras, microphones, and data storage in current monitoring systems.Technology trends, problems and potential solutions
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Seismic pounding behavior of multi-story buildings in series considering the effect of infill panels
PublicationThe aim of the present paper is to study the influence of the infill panels on the seismic pounding response of adjacent structures in series. The contribution of the masonry infill has been simulated using equivalent diagonal compression struts. Steel frames have been assumed to have elastic-plastic behavior with 1% linear strain hardening. The dynamic contact analysis has been utilized where contact surface model (target and...
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CFD-based evaluation of current-carrying capacity of power cables installed in free air
PublicationEvaluation of current-carrying capacity of power cables and selection of cross-sectional area of their conductors are mainly performed in accordance with requirements of EN, IEC or IEEE standards. However, these standards do not provide all methods of cables installation and location which occur in practice. Thus, in some cases, performance of advanced modeling of various thermal phenomena, affecting power cables current-carrying...
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Deterioration of masonry structure investigated by a thermal camera with a qualitative assessment of thermal image processing
PublicationThermal imaging is contemporary remote sensing measurement technique, which provides an image of the temperature distribution in the measured object. The method is widely used, due to its mobility as well as the non-destructive character of the measurement. Infrared thermography is especially relevant in the inspection of insulation, what is more, it is a suitable device for detecting thermal bridges and structural changes, which...
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Ampacity of power cables exposed to solar radiation – recommendations of standards vs. CFD simulations
PublicationThe aim of the paper is to evaluate the ampacity of a low-voltage single power cable according to: 1) recommendations of the standard IEC 60287, 2) a Computational Fluid Dynamics method, implemented in Ansys software; and comparison of the results obtained for these two cases. Moreover, limitations of recommendations of the above mentioned standard are indicated.
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Spatial Calibration of a Dual PTZ-Fixed Camera System for Tracking Moving Objects in Video
PublicationA dual camera setup is proposed, consisting of a fixed (stationary) camera and a pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) camera, employed in an automatic video surveillance system. The PTZ camera is zoomed in on a selected point in the fixed camera view and it may automatically track a moving object. For this purpose, two camera spatial calibration procedures are proposed. The PTZ camera is calibrated in relation to the fixed camera image, using interpolated...
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Vehicle detector training with labels derived from background subtraction algorithms in video surveillance
PublicationVehicle detection in video from a miniature station- ary closed-circuit television (CCTV) camera is discussed in the paper. The camera provides one of components of the intelligent road sign developed in the project concerning the traffic control with the use of autonomous devices being developed. Modern Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based detectors need big data input, usually demanding their manual labeling. In the presented...
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Complexity analysis of the Pawlak’s flowgraph extension for re-identification in multi-camera surveillance system
PublicationThe idea of Pawlak’s flowgraph turned out to be a useful and convenient container for a knowledge of objects’ behaviour and movements within the area observed with a multi-camera surveillance system. Utilization of the flowgraph for modelling behaviour admittedly requires certain extensions and enhancements, but it allows for combining many rules into a one data structure and for obtaining parameters describing how objects tend...
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Interaction of vortical and acoustic waves: from general equations to integrable cases
PublicationWyprowadzono operatory rzutu przepływu w warstwie lepkiej przyściennej na podstawowe typy ruchów. Wyprowadzono również układy równań dynamicznych sterujących przepływem. Zaproponowano metody analityczne dalszego rozwiązywania tych równań.
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Architecture at the Sites of the Former Nazi Concentration Camps. Functional Changeability of Commemoration
PublicationThe monograph presents a comprehensive analysis of the architectural structures created in the former concentration camps in Europe under the SS Main Economy and Administration Office. It delves into the history of memorial site creation in these areas, emphasizing the unique characteristics of monuments dedicated to the victims of terror. Additionally, the study covers the post-war architectural transformations in these areas,...
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Development of the System Assurance Reference Model for Generating Modular Assurance Cases
PublicationAssurance cases are structured arguments used to demonstrate specific system properties such as safety or security. They are used in many industrial sectors including automotive, aviation and medical devices. Larger assurance cases are usually divided into modules to manage the complexity and distribute the work. Each of the modules is developed to address specific goals allocated to the specific objects i.e. components of the...
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Technology and democracy: the who and how in decision-making. The cases of Estonia and Catalonia
PublicationThis paper focuses on the use of technology to improve democracy, comparing the cases of Estonia and Catalonia. Both examples are closely related in their use of technology to further democratize the decision-making processes but have opposite starting points. Estonia’s internet voting system is an offshoot of the comprehensive e-governance system developed by the Estonian government. It is meant to make it more convenient for...
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Nonfatal and fatal intoxications with pure caffeine – report of three different cases
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Identification of two novel mutations in human acute myeloid leukemia cases
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Various cases of preservation and adaptive reuse Heritage Buildings in the Port of Gdynia
PublicationThe port of Gdynia contains a diverse range of heritage assets, starting with its spatial layout which is an urban concept designed in the first half of the 1920s. It is important to point out, this historically-shaped harbor space is preserved in its general idea and still functioning in port activities. Another significant element is the structural, technological solution which was the basis for constructing the entire port area...
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Developing a model of cooperation between universities and business - the generalization of cases of cooperation
PublicationThe aim of this paper is to present a model of cooperation between universities and business.
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Quality of service games in an IEEE 802.11 ad hoc wireless LAN
PublicationW pracy wykazano, że gdy wymaganie na minimalną przepływnośc stacji przekracza wielkość wyznaczoną przez punkt optimum w sensie Pareto, okazjonalna egoistyczna konfiguracja MAC pozwala stacjom uczestniczyć w grze typu kolejkowego, w której wypłatą jest uzyskana przepływność. Zaprezentowano przykładowe scenariusze takiej gry oraz dokonano jej analizy przy pomocy modelu gry stochastycznej, wykazując istnienie punktu równowagi oraz...
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Designing effective educational games - a case study of a project management game
PublicationThis paper addresses the issues of designing effective educational games. We aim at investigating how the cognitive, behavioral and emotional aspects of the games influence their educational effectiveness. The results were obtained with an observational user experience study extended with affect analysis carried out for a project management game GraPM. We analyzed the...
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The entrepreneurship of host cities of the Olympic Games – Between success and social destruction
PublicationMany publications focus on the deficit nature of the Olympic Games organisation, when considered from the point of view of host cities – organisers of such events. However, does such an event actually affect the region and the host country in a positive way? The presented article aims at the assessment of the organisation of mass sports events, such as the Olympic Games, taking into consideration entrepreneurial activities which...