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Search results for: PERVIOUS CONCRETE
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The effect of macro polymer fibres length and content on the fibre reinforced concrete
PublicationThe paper presents studies of a ready-mix concrete containing polymer fibres of three different lengths: 24, 38 and 54 mm. The performed tests allowed to determine the effect of fibre volume fraction and length on the concrete strength. The basic parameters of concrete mixture (consistency, air content and bulk density) were identified. Fibre reinforced concrete belongs to a group of composite materials. The polymer fibres are...
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Degradation of the Concrete Railway Track Bed Located in the Vicinity of the Loading Wharf
PublicationThe following article describes the damages of the concrete railway track bed at the place of unloading petroleum products located in the immediate vicinity of the cargo berth. The concrete of the track bed has been a subject to degradation as a result of many years of exploitation resulting, inter alia, in its cyclical flooding of petroleum products during the unloading and loading of rail tankers. Repairs carried out in the previous...
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Effect of coarse grain aggregate on strength parameters of two-stage concrete
Publication. Two-stage concrete (TSC) is a special type of concrete that the method of its construction and implementation is different from conventional one. In TSC, coarse aggregate particles are first placed in the formwork and voids between them are subsequently injected with a special cementations mixture. TSC has been successfully used in many applications, such as underwater construction, casting concrete sections congested with reinforcement...
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A novel heterogeneous model of concrete for numerical modelling of ground penetrating radar
PublicationThe ground penetrating radar (GPR) method has increasingly been applied in the non-destructive testing of reinforced concrete structures. The most common approach to the modelling of radar waves is to consider concrete as a homogeneous material. This paper proposes a novel, heterogeneous, numerical model of concrete for exhaustive interpretation of GPR data. An algorithm for determining the substitute values of the material constants...
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RMS-based damage detection in reinforced concrete beams: numerical simulations
PublicationImage-based damage detection methods using guided waves are well known and widely applied approaches in structural diagnostics. They are usually utilized in detection of surface damages or defects of plate-like structures. The article presents results of the study of applicability of imaging wave-based methods in detection in miniscule internal damage in the form of debonding. The investigations were carried out on numerical models...
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Guided wave propagation for assessment of adhesive bonding between steel and concrete
PublicationAdhesive bonding is becoming more increasingly important in joining of structural elements. In civil engineering, there is a growing interest in connection by adhesive bonding in steel-concrete flexural members. This study concerns the guided wave propagation technique applied to condition assessment of an adhesive connection between a steel member and a concrete beam. Various states of degradation were considered by producing...
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REINFORCED CONCRETE SUPPORTING CONSTRUCTION OF THE STADIUM COVER FOR EURO 2012 IN GDAŃSK
PublicationIn the article structural issues that connected with the reinforced concrete supporting construction of the stadium roofing for EURO 2012 in Gdańsk were described. In the first part of the article the concept of stadium foundation were described. In the second the static - strength analysis for two variants fastening together individual foundation elements were made. The two assumed geometrically different concept of foundation...
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Numerical modeling of GPR field in damage detection of a reinforced concrete footbridge
PublicationThe paper presents a study on the use of the ground penetrating radar (GPR) method in diagnostics of a footbridge. It contains experimental investigations and numerical analyses of the electromagnetic field propagation using the finite difference time domain method (FDTD). The object of research was a reinforced concrete footbridge over a railway line. The calculations of the GPR field propagation were performed on a selected cross-section...
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COMPUTER-AIDED CONSTRUCTION AT DESIGNING REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS AS PER EC
PublicationThe article presents the author’s computer program for designing and dimensioning columns in reinforced concrete structures taking into account phenomena affecting their behaviour and information referring to design as per EC. The computer program was developed with the use of C++ programming language. The program guides the user through particular dimensioning stages: from introducing basic data such as dimensions, concrete...
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Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the Effect of Curing Conditions on the Temperature Rise of Concrete
PublicationThis paper presents experimental and numerical studies investigating the impact of three curing conditions on temperature evolution in concrete cubes. The tests were performed on samples of the same volume (3.375 dm3) under different curing conditions: room temperature, insulation boxes, and adiabatic calorimeter. Various cements (Portland cement, Portland composite cement, and blast furnace slag cement) and aggregates (gravel...
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Fracture susceptibility of high RAP content asphalt concrete in terms of aging
PublicationDue to the reduction of CO2 emissions during the production of asphalt mixtures and the decrease in the demand for mineral resources, the addition of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is becoming indispensable. The durability of asphalt pavements containing a high RAP content may be reduced due to a decrease in the cracking resistance of the material, especially under the influence of operational aging. The article presents the...
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Study the impact of design method preference on the usefulness of concrete and on CO2 emissions
PublicationPurpose – The research investigates the impact of concrete design methods on performance, emphasizing environmental sustainability. The study compares the modified Bolomey method and Abrams’ law in designing concretes. Significant differences in cement consumption and subsequent CO2 emissions are revealed. The research advocates for a comprehensive life cycle assessment, considering factors like compressive strength, carbonation...
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The use of GFRP tubes as load-bearing jackets in concrete-composite columns
PublicationThe paper presents the fields of applications of polymer composites in building structures. The use of composite glass fibre tubes is discussed in more detail. The laboratory methods used to test the mechanical properties of these pipes are presented. An original research program is presented, including six concrete-filled glass fibre tubes. The cylinders and columns made in this way were tested for their axial load capacity. Conclusions...
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Application of Artificial Neural Networks to Predict Insulation Properties of Lightweight Concrete
PublicationPredicting the properties of concrete before its design and application process allows for refining and optimizing its composition. However, the properties of lightweight concrete are much harder to predict than those of normal weight concrete, especially if the forecast concerns the insulating properties of concrete with artificial lightweight aggregate (LWA). It is possible to use porous aggregates and precisely modify the composition...
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Influence of Actual Curing Conditions on Mechanical Properties of Concrete in Bridge Superstructures
PublicationThis article presents the research on the mechanical characteristics of concrete in the construction of three concrete bridges. A system of recording the internal temperature of concrete and automatic control of laboratory ovens was used for specimen curing. This allowed the specimens to be cured under conditions similar to those occurring in the structure. Before the construction, reference blocks were used to define similar curing...
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BEHAVIOR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS CONTAINING LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE IN THE TENSILE ZONE
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The Influence of the Aircraft Operating Fluids on the Mechanical Parameters of the Airport Surface Concrete
PublicationThe authors of the article assessed the impact of operating fluids used to service aircraft on changing mechanical parameters of cement concrete intended for airport pavement. The research concerned concrete designed with the use of CEM I 42.5N LH NA low-alkali cement, broken granite aggregate, fine washed aggregate, and admixtures. The analysis included the assessment of changes in dierences in endurance parameters over various...
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Model-Based Adaptive Machine Learning Approach in Concrete Mix Design
PublicationConcrete mix design is one of the most critical issues in concrete technology. This process aims to create a concrete mix which helps deliver concrete with desired features and quality. Contemporary requirements for concrete concern not only its structural properties, but also increasingly its production process and environmental friendliness, forcing concrete producers to use both chemically and technologically complex concrete...
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Structural Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Beams Incorporating Waste Plastic Straws
PublicationThe behavior of reinforced concrete beams containing fibers made of waste plastic straws (WPSs) under the three point bending test is examined. The effect of WPS fiber addition on the compressive and split tensile strength is reported. Four concrete mixes were prepared. The control mix PS-0 had a proportion of 1 cement: 1 sand: 2 coarse aggregate and a water cement ratio of 0.4. In the other three mixes PS-0.5, PS-1.5 and PS-3,...
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Experimental investigations of size effect in reinforced concrete beams failing by shear
PublicationW artykule omówiono wyniki doświadczalne efektu skali w zbrojonych betonowych belkach niszczących się przez ścinanie. Doświadczenia wykonano dla belek o różnych wymiarach ze zbrojeniem stalowym i bazaltowym. Podczas doświadczeń pomierzono siłę oraz szerokości lokalizacji i rys. Wyniki porównano z modelem skali wg Bazanta.
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Application of DIC technique to concrete - study on objectivity of measured surface displacements
PublicationArtykuł omawia wyniki pomiarów szerokości lokalizacji odkształceń na powierzchni betonu podczas zginania belek. Wykonano obszerne studia nad obiektywnością pomierzonych przemieszczeń w betonie. Opracowano własna metodę do obliczeń szerokości lokalizacji.
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Investigations of size effect in tensile fracture of concrete using a lattice model
PublicationArtykuł przedstawia symulacje efektu skali w betonie podczas rozciągania przy zastosowaniu nowego modelu siatkowego. Zbadano wpływ rozkładu i wielkości kruszywa oraz wpływ strefy kontaktu na efekt skali.
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J. FE modelling of cracks in concrete elements within continuum mechanics.
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki symulacji rys zakrzywionych w elementach betonowych w warunkach mieszanego sposobu obciążenia. Symulacje wykonano przy zastosowaniu 3 różnych modeli: modelu sprężysto-plastycznego, modelu w ramach mechaniki zniszczeniowej i modelu z rysami obracającymi się.
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Multi-scale modelling of concrete beams subjected to three-point bending
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki numeryczne MES dwuskalowego modelowania belek betonowych z nacięciem na poziomie skali makro i mezo. Obliczenia wykonano przy wykorzystaniu modelu degradacji sztywności z nielokalnym osłabieniem. Beton został opisany na poziomie skali mezo jako stochastyczny materiał 3-składnikowy złożony z kruszywa, zaczynu cementowego oraz stref kontaktu. Natomiast na poziomie skali makro został opisany jako materiał...
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FE-modelling of strain localization in concrete with coupled elasto-plasticity and damage
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki numerycznej dla zginania belki betonowej przy zastosowaniu modelu sprężysto-plastycznego, modelu z degradacja sztywności i modelu połączonego sprężysto-plastycznego z degradacją sztywności. Wszystkie modele rozszerzono o długość charakterystyczną mikrostruktury za pomocą teorii nielokalnej.
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Modeling of capillary fluid flow in concrete using a DEM-CFD approach
PublicationSformułowano połączone podejście do modelowania dwufazowego przepływu wody napędzanego hydraulicznie i kapilarnie w nienasyconym betonie. Proces przepływu analizowano numerycznie w mezoskali w warunkach dwuwymiarowych (2D), łącząc metodę elementów dyskretnych (DEM) z obliczeniową dynamiką płynów (CFD) w warunkach izotermicznych. Przeprowadzono w pełni sprzężone hydromechaniczne testy symulacyjne na małych próbkach betonu o uproszczonej...
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Early prediction of macrocrack location in concrete and other granular composite materials
PublicationHeterogeniczne kruche kompozyty, takie jak beton, ceramika i skały składają się z ziaren połączonych wiązaniami. Pytanie, czy ścieżka pęknięcia, która prowadzi do zniszczenia może być przewidziania na podstawie znanych cech mikrostrukturalnych, a mianowicie łączności wiązań, rozmiaru, energii pękania, wytrzymałości pozostają otwarte. Istnieje wiele kryteriów pęknięć. Najczęściej używane są oparte na postulowanym ekstremum naprężenia...
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Numerical analysis of behaviour of reinforced concrete elements under eccentric compression
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki modelowania nośności elementów żelbetowych stosując metodę elementów skończonych. Do opisu betonu zastosowano sprężysto-plastyczne prawo materiałowe wg Druckera-Pragera. Do modelowania stali zbrojeniowej zastosowano sprężysto-plastyczne prawo materiałowe według von Misesa. Obliczenia wykonano dla ścian żelbetowych.
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A Non-local elasto-plastic model to describe localisations of deformation in concrete
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki numerycznej symulacji lokalizacji odkształceń stosując metodę elementów skończonych na bazie nielokalnego prawa sprężysto-plastycznego dla betonu. Prawo wykorzystuje długość charakterystyczną. Obliczenia dla ściskania jednoosiowego pokazały, że wyniki numeryczne nie zależą od siatki MES. Osiągnięto pełną regularyzację problemu brzegowego.
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Verification of Formulas for Periods of Adjacent Buildings Used to Assess Minimum Separation Gap Preventing Structural Pounding during Earthquakes
PublicationInsufficient separation distance between adjacent buildings may lead to serious damages during earthquakes due to structural pounding. The best way to prevent collisions is to provide sufficiently large separation distance between the structures. In this paper, the periods of two closely-spaced linear and nonlinear buildings have been investigated so as to accurately assess the minimum in-between separation gap. A new equation...
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Whether Carbon Nanotubes Are Capable, Promising, and Safe for Their Application in Nervous System Regeneration. Some Critical Remarks and Research Strategies
PublicationCarbon nanotubes are applied in or considered for different fields of medicine. Among them is the regeneration or rebuilding of nervous system components, which still lack substantial progress; this field is supported by carbon nanotubes to a great extent as the principal material. The limited research on this issue has involved PU/silk/MWCNTs, PCL/silk/MWCNTs, PCL/PGS/CNTs, chitin/CNTs, PGF/CNTs, CNTs/PGFs/PLDLA,MWCNTs chitosan,MWCNTs/PPy,...
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Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based wastewater treatment - unexpected nitration side reactions - a serious environmental issue: A review
PublicationChemical compounds containing nitro group (nitro-products) are a one of toxic by-products, that can be formed during wastewater treatment processes. In case of presence of nitrite or nitrate ions, the formation of nitro-products during advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is very common. It is caused by the reactive nitrogen species (RNs) such as nitrate radical (NO3•), nitrite radical (NO2•), nitrogen oxide radical (NO•) and peroxynirite...
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Effect of admixtures on fresh grout and two-srtage (pre-placed aggregate) concrete
PublicationPrzedstawiono rezultaty badań doświadczalnych przeprowadzonych dla betonu uzyskanego metodą dwuetapową. Główną przeszkodą szerokiego zastosowania metody betonowania dwuetapowego Polcrete była niska wydajność urządzenia wytwarzającego mikrozaprawę - ultramiksera (UM). Celem przeprowadzonych badań laboratoryjnych było dobranie odpowiednich dodatków i domieszek, które umożliwią wytworzenie mikrozaprawy o takich samych parametrach...
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The influence of texturing of the surface of concrete substrate on its adhesion to cement mortar overlay
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Experimental Study and Finite Element Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Column Having an Opening
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Investigation of Durability Properties for Lightweight Structural Concrete with Hemp Shives Instead of Aggregate
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Electrochemical investigations of conductive coatings applied as anodes in cathodic protection of reinforced concrete
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The quality management in precast concrete production and delivery processes supported by association analysis
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Effect of a characteristic length on crack spacing in a reinforced concrete bar under tension
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Experimental study of corrosion in reinforced concrete by acoustic emission and electrochemical noise techniques
PublicationTechnika emisji akustycznej jest znaną metodą badań korozji zbrojenia żelbetu. Źródłem aktywności akustycznej są zawsze zjawiska o naturze mechanicznej. Przedstawiono wynik badań akustycznych zbrojonego betonu w warunkach polaryzacji anodowej, przyspieszającej procesy korozyjne. Symultanicznie prowadzona była rejestracja szumu elektrochemicznego. Dla umożliwienia korelacji wyników, uzyskanych obiema technikami, wykonana została...
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Electrochemical investigations of conductive coatings applied as anodes in cathodic protection of reinforced concrete.
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono rezultaty badań elektrochemicznych polimerów przewodzących z pigmentem grafitowym. Wyznaczono parametry elektrochemiczne badanych powłok w trakcie długotrwałej polaryzacji zbrojonego betonu. W oparciu o pomiary impedancyjne wyznaczono parametry elektrochemiczne powłok przewodzących. Wykazano, że badane powłoki mogą być stosowane w ochronie katodowej żelbetu. Badania wykazały, że optymalne stężenie grafitu...
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Data-Driven Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete: A Critical Review
PublicationFiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) is extensively used in diverse structural engineering applications, and its mechanical properties are crucial for designing and evaluating its performance. The compressive, flexural, splitting tensile, and shear strengths of FRCs are among the most important attributes, which have been discussed more extensively than other properties. The accurate prediction of these properties, which are required...
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Proceedings of the fib Symposium 2019: Concrete - Innovations in Materials, Design and Structures 2019
PublicationDesigning a concrete mix is a process of synthesizing many components, it is not a simple process and requires extensive technical knowledge. The design process itself focuses on obtaining the required strength of concrete. Very often designing a concrete mix takes into account the need to maintain the proper water-demand and frost-resistance features. The parameters that influence the concrete class most significantly are the...
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Cost Analysis of Prefabricated Elements of the Ordinary and Lightweight Concrete Walls in Residential Construction
PublicationGlobal economic growth causes an increase in natural resources exploitation, particularly in construction branch. The growing use of electricity contributes to climate change. Therefore, it is necessary to search the solutions, which will allow for reducing natural resources exploitation. One of the many opportunities to do that is the application of the recycled materials. The authors of the given article have analyzed three variants...
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Impact of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) on low-temperature properties of asphalt concrete
PublicationHot mix recycling is a practice which enables reusing materials from old asphalt pavements. Current Polish regulations allow usage of RAP only for binder and base courses, and its amount is limited. Asphalt mixtures with RAP material have to fulfil requirements stated for typical asphalt mixtures. The research presents low-temperature properties of twelve different asphalt concretes with RAP material, determined using three-point...
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Application of extended Finite Element Method to cracked concrete elements - numerical aspects
PublicationArtykuł omawia zastosowanie rozszerzonej metody elementów skończonych do zarysowanych elementów betonowych. Obliczenia wykonano dla elementów poddanych zginaniu i mieszanemu ściskaniu - rozciąganiu. Wyniki porównano z doświadczeniami.
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The method of analysis of damage reinforced concrete beams using terrestial laser scanning
PublicationThe authors present an analysis of the possibility to assess deformations and mechanisms of destructing bent reinforced concrete beams using the terrestrial laser scanning. As part of the experiments carried out at the Regional Laboratory of Construction of the Concrete Structures Division of the Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty at Gdansk University of Technology, the reinforced concrete beams were subjected to destruction...
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DETECTION OF DEBONDING IN STEEL BARS EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE USING GUIDED WAVE PROPAGATION
PublicationThe paper presents a non-destructive diagnostic technique based on guided wave propagation phenomenon used to assess the adhesive bonding between a steel bar and a concrete cover. Double-layered cylindrical specimens with different levels of debonding and its location were investigated. The influence of bonding length on the excitation of multiple modes of longitudinal guided waves was analysed. Numerical simulations of guided...
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The Impact of Homogeneity of High Modulus Asphalt Concrete Layer on Low-Temperature Cracking
PublicationDuring winter season of 2012 numerous transverse cracks developed in high-modulus asphalt concrete (HMAC) base of newly constructed motorway. Pavement cracked both in transverse joint locations and in the area between them. Research which was conducted during investigation of the causes and mechanisms of cracking consisted of: field examination, laboratory testing of specimens cored out of the existing pavement, computational analyses...
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THE METHOD OF ANALYSIS OF DAMAGE REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS USING TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING
PublicationThe authors present an analysis of the possibility to assess deformations and mode of failure of R-C beams using terrestrial laser scanning. As part of experiments carried out at the Regional Laboratory of Construction (at Gdansk University of Technology), reinforced concrete beams were subjected to destruction by bending and by shear. The process of press impact on the reinforced concrete beam was recorded using terrestrial laser...