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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPE
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A two dimensional approach for modelling of pennate muscle behaviour
PublikacjaThe purpose of this study was to elaborate a two-dimensional approach for unipennate and bipennate striated skeletal muscle modelling. Behavior of chosen flat pennate muscle is modelled as a rheological system composed of serially linked passive and active fragments having different mechanical properties. Each fragment is composed of three elements: mass element, elastic element and viscous element. Each active fragment furthermore...
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ANALYSIS OF BRACE STIFFNESS INFLUENCE ON STABILITY OF THE TRUSS
PublikacjaThe paper is devoted to the numerical and experimental research of stability of a truss with side elastic supports at the top chord. The structure is a model of a real roof truss scaled by factor ¼. The linear buckling analysis and non-linear static analysis were carried out. The buckling length factor for the compressed top chord was calculated and the limit load for the imperfect truss shell model with respect to brace stiffness...
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Trim Optimisation - Theory and Practice
PublikacjaForce Technology has been working intensively with trim optimisation tests for almost last 10 years. Focus has primarily been put on the possible power savings and exhaust gases reduction. This paper describes the trim optimisation process for a large cargo vessel. The physics behind changed propulsive power is described and the analyses in order to elaborate the optimum trimmed conditions are presented. Different methods for prediction...
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The Application of Vibration Recording and Analysis in Tribological Research on Sliding Friction
PublikacjaThe paper reports on a tribological research on the macroscopic manifestation and characteristics of sliding friction. The aim of the task was to measure friction in lubricated sliding contacts and test the interactions between the environment (the test rig) and the experimental friction contact. Friction-induced vibrations were observed and studied as a manifestation of the process. The typical set of velocity and force/torque...
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Experimental Study of Dapped-End Beams Subjected to Inclined Load
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the reinforced concrete (RC) dapped-end beams loaded with inclined forces, compared to identical ones loaded with vertical forces only. Such a load may occur in, for example, Gerber's joints or in dapped-end beams supported on corbels, where the vertical gravitation force is additionally completed with horizontal forces caused by temperature differences, shrinking,...
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Effect of the let-through energy of overcurrent protective devices on the temperature of conductors during short-circuits
PublikacjaThe scope of the verification of low-voltage systems covers the earth fault loop impedance measurement. This measurement is usually performed with the use of low-value current meters, which force a current many times lower than the one occurring during a real short-circuit. Therefore, the international standard recommends consideration of the increase of resistance of conductors with the increase of temperature, which may occur...
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The shadowing chain lemma for singular Hamiltonian systems involving strong forces
PublikacjaW niniejszym artykule rozważamy autonomiczny układ Hamiltonowski na płaszczyźnie z potencjałem, który ma punkt osobliwy (studnię nieskończonej głębokości) i maksimum globalne właściwe równe zero przyjmowane w dwóch różnych punktach płaszczyzny. Przy założeniu, że w otoczeniu punktu osobliwego potencjał spełnia warunek Gordona(gradient tego potencjału w otoczeniu punktu osobliwego jest tzw. silną siłą, ang. a strong force) dowodzimy...
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The impact of end-user participation in IT projects on product usability
PublikacjaMany companies implementing new IT projects encounter numerous problems with ensuring good final product usability. The strong market competition they experience often results in necessity of undertaking difficult decisions with regard to cost minimization. This may force cuts in usability expertise and consulting, most often by limiting end-user participation in the project. However, it may also result in serious consequences...
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Seasonal changes of mercury speciation in the coastal sediments
PublikacjaPurpose Mercury speciation in sediments is linked to environmental conditions and processes. Domination of particular mercury species depends on its source, displays considerable seasonal behavior, and may be further modified due to oxygen levels, icing conditions, or the input of fresh organic matter. The purpose of this study was to examine the coastal area of the Gulf of Gdańsk in terms of mercury contamination and the influence...
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Electron impact iozization of CCl4 and SF6 embedded in superfluid helium droplets
PublikacjaElectron impact ionization of helium nano-droplets containing several 104 He atoms and doped with CCl4 or SF6 molecules is studied with high-mass resolution. The mass spectra show significant clustering of CCl4 molecules, less so for SF6 under our experimental conditions. Positive ion efficiency curves as a function of electron energy indicate complete immersion of the molecules inside the helium droplets in both cases. For CCl4...
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Dissociation and fragmentation of furan by electron impact
PublikacjaDissociation and fragmentation processes that produce electronically excited atomic and molecular fragments, following electron impact excitation, have been studied in furan. The optical excitation technique has been employed over the electron incident energy range 15-95 eV. Formation of excited hydrogen atoms H(n) in the n = 4-10 states has been detected by observation of the Balmer series. The diatomic CH fragments are formed...
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Evaluating experimental molecular physics studies of radiation damage in DNA*
PublikacjaThe field of Atomic and Molecular Physics (AMP) is a mature field exploring the spectroscopy, excitation, ionisation of atoms and molecules in all three phases. Understanding of the spectroscopy and collisional dynamics of AMP has been fundamental to the development and application of quantum mechanics and is applied across a broad range of disparate disciplines including atmospheric sciences, astrochemistry, combustion and environmental...
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Application of Thin ZnO ALD Layers in Fiber-Optic Fabry-Pérot Sensing Interferometers
PublikacjaIn this paper we investigated the response of a fiber-optic Fabry-Pérot sensing interferometer with thin ZnO layers deposited on the end faces of the optical fibers forming the cavity. Standard telecommunication single-mode optical fiber (SMF-28) segments were used with the thin ZnO layers deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). Measurements were performed with the interferometer illuminated by two broadband sources operating...
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Electronic structure and rovibrational predissociation of the 2^1Π state in KLi
PublikacjaAdiabatic potential energy curves of the 3^1Σ^+, 3^3Σ^+, 2^1Π and 2^3Π states correlating for large internuclear distance with the K(4s) + Li(2p) atomic asymptote were calculated. Very good agreement between the calculated and the experimental curve of the 2^1Π state allowed for a reliable description of the dissociation process through a small (∼20 cm−1 for J = 0) potential energy barrier. The barrier supports several rovibrational...
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Nanolayers in Fiber-Optic Biosensing
PublikacjaIn this chapter, fiber-optic sensors based on nanolayers or thin films and their ability to perform biophotonic measurements is presented. In the last decade, fiber-optic sensors have gained popularity as biosensing devices. This has been made possible because of the design and the integration of new materials in fiber-optic technology. Nanolayers and thin films made from various materials such as nanodiamond (NCD), boron-doped...
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Determination of heavy metals in eyeshadows from China
PublikacjaPersonal care products and cosmetics are used daily by many people, causing local exposure to certain chemical substances through the application directly inside the oral cavity, on the skin, lips, eyes, and mucosa. Eyeshadows are among the most commonly used types of cosmetics. According to scientifc reports, they may contain heavy metals, especially in non-original products. The exposure to said heavy metals may cause local skin...
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Low-energy positron scattering from gas-phase benzene
PublikacjaIn this paper we are presenting calculations of the elastic cross section of positrons with gas-phase benzene for the energy range from 0.25 eV to 9.0 eV. The calculations are done with the molecular R-matrix method for positron-scattering from poly-atomic molecules using a scaling factor to scale the electron-positron interaction. The scaling factor influences the position of the poles of the R-matrix. We adjust the scaling factor...
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Time-of-flight electron scattering from molecular hydrogen: Benchmark cross sections for excitation of the X1Σ+g→b3Σ+u transition
PublikacjaThe electron impact X1Σ+g to b3Σ+u transition in molecular hydrogen is one of the most important dissociation pathways to forming atomic hydrogen atoms, and is of great importance in modeling astrophysical and industrial plasmas where molecular hydrogen is a substantial constituent. Recently it has been found that the convergent close-coupling (CCC) cross sections of Zammit et al. [Phys. Rev. A 95, 022708 (2017)] are up to a factor...
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Fiber-optic sensors based on microspheres with nanocoatings (Zastosowanie mikrosfer optycznych z cienkowarstwowymi pokryciami w czujnikach światłowodowych)
PublikacjaTemperature is one of the most important physical quantities. Temperature measurements are used in every field of life, especially electronics, electrical engineering, energy-related fields, including energy source and storage devices. The goal of this dissertation is to design and optimize the microsphere-based fiber-optic sensors construction for measurement of the sensor surrounding medium temperature, including selection of...
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Microscale diamond protection for a ZnO coated fiber optic sensor
PublikacjaFiber optic sensors are widely used in environmental, biological and chemical sensing. Due to the demanding environmental conditions in which they can be used, there is a risk of damaging the sensor measurement head placed in the measuring field. Sensors using nanolayers deposited upon the fiber structure are particularly vulnerable to damage. A thin film placed on the surface of the fiber end-face can be prone to mechanical damage...
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Diamond protection for reusable ZnO coated fiber-optic measurement head in optoelectrochemical investigation of bisphenol A
PublikacjaDue to the global problem with plastic contaminating the environment, with bisphenol A (BPA) being one of the highest demand, effective monitoring and purification of the pollutants are required. The electrochemical methods constitute a good solution but, due to polymerization of electrochemical oxidation bisphenol A products and their adsorption to the surfaces, measurement head elements are clogged by the formed film. In this...
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Vacuum ultraviolet photoionization and ionic fragmentation of the isoxazole molecules
PublikacjaThe photofragmentation of the isoxazole molecules producing ionized atomic and molecular fragments was investigated in the photon energy range of 9e32 eV, using synchrotron radiation excitation combined with ion time-of-flight spectrometry. Twenty-one well resolved cations were identified in the mass spectra of the isoxazole, and their appearance energies were determined. The yield curves of these cations were obtained in the photon...
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Accumulation of radioisotopes and heavy metals in selected species of mushrooms
PublikacjaSeven species of forest mushrooms from different regions of Poland (edible: Imleria badia, Cantharellus cibarius, Xerocomus subtomentosus, Suillus luteus and inedible by humans but being food for animals: Paxillus involutus, Tylopilus felleus and Russula emetica) were analyzed for radioisotope activity (Cs-137, K-40, Bi-214 and Pb-210) as well as concentrations of heavy metals (aluminum, chromium, cadmium, manganese, iron, lead,...
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Optical-Fiber Microsphere-Based Temperature Sensors with ZnO ALD Coating—Comparative Study
PublikacjaThis study presents the microsphere-based fiber-optic sensor with the ZnO Atomic Layer Deposition coating thickness of 100 nm and 200 nm for temperature measurements. Metrological properties of the sensor were investigated over the temperature range from 100 °C to 300 °C, with a 10 °C step. The interferometric signal was used to monitor the integrity of the microsphere and its attachment to the connecting fiber. For the sensor...
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The effect of a miniature argon flow rate on the spectral characteristics of a direct current atmospheric pressure glow micro-discharge between an argon microjet and a small sized flowing liquid cathode
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Ultrasonic nebulization atmospheric pressure glow discharge — Preliminary study
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Effectiveness of a mathematical model in simulating nonlinear mechanical behaviour of a seismic isolation system made of polymeric bearings
PublikacjaThe present study was focused on determining the effectives of a nonlinear mathematical model in simulating complex mechanical behaviour of a seismic isolation system made of Polymeric Bearings. The proposed mathematical model defines the lateral force as a nonlinear function of the shear displacement and the deformation velocity. The effectiveness of the proposed mathematical model was verified by comparing the seismic response...
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INVESTIGATION OF JOURNAL SLIDE BEARINGS UNDER THE ANGLE OF THEIR FUNCTIONING
PublikacjaPaper presents the structure and principle of operation of a stand for measurements of influence of the lubrication method and process on functioning of journal slide bearings in their various technical states. Measurements performed on the stand make it possible to take advantage of the new method of evaluating the influence of physical and chemical properties of lubricating oil on the coefficient of friction in the mixed friction...
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Properties of Nasicon-based CO2 sensors with Bi8Nb2O17 reference electrode
PublikacjaPotentiometric CO2 sensors based on Nasicon (Na+ conductor, Na3Zr2Si2PO12) electrolyte, Bi8Nb2O17/Pt reference electrode and different sensing electrodes have been prepared. Besides the sensing electrode material, sensors differ from each other in the reference electrode preparation technique. The main aim of this study is to investigate sensor construction and electrode fabrication process influence on sensor properties. The optimal...
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The networking of the justice system as part of public court networks
PublikacjaThe goal of this paper is to look at the organizational structure of the justice system and provide the answer to the basic question of the possible network relations, their force, and imapct. As part od the paper, I have defined public inetrorganisational court network, dividing them into regulatory inter-organisational networks nad voluntary inetrorganisational networks. Emphasis has also been placed on the benefits and threats...
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Identification of diagnostic parameter sensitivity during dynamic processes of a marine engine
PublikacjaChanging some parameters of the engine structure alters the emission of harmful components in the exhaust gas. This applies in particular to the damage of charge exchange system as well as fuel system and engine supercharger. These changes are much greater during the dynamic states and their accompanying transitional processes. The different sensitivity of diagnostic parameters to the same force, coming from the engine structure, but...
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Two tests for adhesive bonding long term characterization: principles and applications
PublikacjaThis article describes recent refinement of the traditional wedge test technique used to characterize durability of the adhesive joints. We propose two types of measuring protocols to monitor precisely and continuously the propagation of an "effective" crack during long term mode I fracture mechanic test. First method is directly derived from the traditional wedge test technique and consist in monitoring the surface strain of adherent...
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Sensorless induction motor drive with voltage inverter and sine-wave filter
PublikacjaThis paper presents a speed sensorless control system of an induction motor with an output LC filter. It is known that the parameters design of the filter gives sine wave motor supply voltage but complicates control and estimation process. The reason is that the voltage drop and phase shift between filter input and output signals are imposed, and hence the motor voltages and currents differ from the inverter output waveforms. To...
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Process zone in the Single Cantilever Beam under transverse loading. - Part I: Theoretical analysis
PublikacjaSingle Cantilever Beam (SCB) specimen loaded with a transverse force parallel to the crack front is proposed for the analysis of crack propagation phenomena under mixed mode conditions. The stress redistribution in the adhesive layer in the vicinity of the crack front so as the beam deformation are estimated using a Timoshenko beam on elastic foundation model. This model emphasizes the Mode II contribution due to flexural beam...
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The mechanism of grouting action under the base of bored pile
PublikacjaThe grouting under the base of bored pile is carried out in order to reduce pile settlement and improve its bearing capacity. The principal aim of grouting is to introduce an initial force between the soil and the pile base. In non-cohesive soil, the grouting can also enlarge the pile base area and therefore improve the base resistance. The example of static load tests on instrumented bored piles installed with and without grouting...
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Optimizing the computation of a parallel 3D finite difference algorithm for graphics processing units
PublikacjaThis paper explores the possibilities of using a graphics processing unit for complex 3D finite difference computation via MUSTA‐FORCE and WENO algorithms. We propose a novel algorithm based on the new properties of CUDA surface memory optimized for 2D spatial locality and compare it with 3D stencil computations carried out via shared memory, which is currently considered to be the best approach. A case study was performed for...
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Connecting orbits for a periodically forced singular planar Newtonian system
PublikacjaW niniejszym artykule badamy problem istnienia i krotności rozwiązań homoklinicznych i heteroklinicznych dla nieautonomicznych układów Newtonowskich na płaszczyźnie z potencjałem okresowym ze względu na zmienną czasową, mającym maksimum globalne właściwe przyjmowane w dwóch punktach płaszczyzny i punkt osobliwy (studnię nieskończonej głębokości), w otoczeniu którego potencjał spełnia warunek Gordona (gradient potencjału ze względu...
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Selected aspects of the evolution of the industry analysis
PublikacjaPorter's five forces is a significant tool of analysis of industries. It helps evaluating variables of industry profitability and assessing firm performance. Using the framework, managers can take a decision as to which industries they can effectively compete in and position their companies to reduce the adverse effects of the mentioned forces. According to the critics, the five forces model is limited to its static nature. The...
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Longitudinal Motion Due to Action of Tunnel Thrusters
PublikacjaTunnel thrusters are propulsion and active control devises that provide a side force, or transverse thrust, to support mooring operations or position keeping. They shorten the time of manoeuvring, reduce the cost of towage and since inception, manoeuvrability specifically in ports has become a lot easier. Tunnel thrusters can either be operated manually or with the help of Dynamic Positioning systems which makes it even more efficient. Theoretically,...
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A Simple Neural Network for Collision Detection of Collaborative Robots
PublikacjaDue to the epidemic threat, more and more companies decide to automate their production lines. Given the lack of adequate security or space, in most cases, such companies cannot use classic production robots. The solution to this problem is the use of collaborative robots (cobots). However, the required equipment (force sensors) or alternative methods of detecting a threat to humans are usually quite expensive. The article presents...
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Analysis of airborne metal containing particles with EDX/EDS detectorsin electron microscopes
PublikacjaIn years 2006-2010 particulate matter analysis was undertaken for dust samples collected from Gdansk and London area in orderto compare their morphology and composition. Part of those studies was devoted to analysis of particulate matter (PM) bearingmetals. Characterization of the morphology and size of the particles collected onto the filters was performed using a scanning electronmicroscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope...
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Investigation of the electrochemical behaviour of AA1050 aluminium alloy in aqueous alkaline solutions using Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
PublikacjaThe paper presents the electrochemical behaviour of aluminium alloy AA1050 in aqueous alkaline media in the pH range 14–8.5. Electrochemical study was applied in order to obtain comprehensive information on the mechanism and kinetics of the process of anodic dissolution of aluminium, supplemented by monitoring of surface topography using an electron microscope. The corrosion rate of AA1050 increases with increasing concentration...
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Influence of Nitriding and Laser Remelting on Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel Type X10CrNi18-8 and Cavitation Erosion Resistance
PublikacjaThe paper presents properties of surface layers. Surface layers were obtained by using low temperature glow–discharge nitriding process and laser remelting carried out on austenitic stainless steel type X10CrNi18-8. Investigations were done by using an Ultra Nanoindentation Tester (UNHT) in the Warsaw Institute of Fundamental Technological Research. The influence of the above mentioned...
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The comparison of SrTi0.98Nb0.02O3–δ-CeO2 and SrTi0.98Nb0.02O3–δ-YSZ composites for use in SOFC anodes
PublikacjaComposites of Nb-doped strontium titanate mixed with yttria-stabilized zirconia or cerium oxide in 50:50, 70:30 and 85:15 weight ratios were evaluated as possible anode/electrolyte interface materials for solid oxide fuel cells in terms of chemical compatibility, electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. It has been shown that composite samples prepared by typical powder-mixing methods remain single-phase up to 1400°C....
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Improved Performance of 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate at Steel/HCl Interface by Iodide Ions
PublikacjaThe corrosion and corrosion inhibition of St37 steel in 0.1 M HCl solution by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMITFB) and the effect of addition of KI on the inhibitive performance of EMITFB have been examined by electrochemical [electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization, and dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS)] and surface examination [scanning electron microscope (SEM)...
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Mechanical Performance and Environmental Assessment of Sustainable Concrete Reinforced with Recycled End-of-Life Tyre Fibres
PublikacjaThe presented research’s main objective was to develop the solution to the global problem of using steel waste obtained during rubber recovery during the tire recycling. A detailed comparative analysis of mechanical and physical features of the concrete composite with the addition of recycled steel fibres (RSF) in relation to the steel fibre concrete commonly used for industrial floors was conducted. A study was carried out using...
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Effect of bending-torsion on fracture and fatigue life for 18Ni300 steel specimens produced by SLM
PublikacjaIn this study, different fracture surfaces caused by fatigue failure were generated from 18Ni300 steel produced by selective laser melting (SLM). Hollow round bars with a transverse hole were tested under bending-torsion to investigate the crack initiation mechanisms and fatigue life. Next, the post-failure fracture surfaces were examined by optical profilometer and scanning electron microscope. The focus is placed on the relationship...
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Classification of submandibular salivary stones based on ultrastructural studies
PublikacjaIntroduction: Sialolithiasis remains a clinical problem with unclear etiopathogenesis, lack of prevention methods, and only surgical treatment. Materials and methods: An ultrastructure examination of submandibular sialoliths obtained from patients with chronic sialolithiasis was conducted using a scanning electron microscope and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Results: Based on the results, we divided sialoliths into three types:...
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Simulation of the remanence influence on the transient states in a single-phase multiwinding transformer
PublikacjaThis paper presents the mathematical model of a single-phase multi-winding core type transformer taking into account magnetic hysteresis phenomenon based on the feedback Preisach model (FPM). The set of loop differential equations was developed for a K-th winding transformer model where the flux linkages of each winding includes flux Φ common to all windings as a function of magneto motive force Θ of all windings. The first purpose...
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Właściwości mechaniczne tworzywa PET - przegląd literatury
PublikacjaThe article describes the influance of the microstructure and environment conditions on the mechanical properties of PET material. From the microskopic point of view, mechanical and thermal properties of PET material have the biggest influance on orientation and crystallization processes of material. From the macroskopic point of view mechanical properties can be described by parameters derived from strees-strain mechanical answers...