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OCENA NOŚNOŚCI STAREGO MOSTU ŁUKOWEGO W JAGODNIKU
PublikacjaArtykuł opisuje przeprowadzoną analizę statyczno-wytrzymałościowa 95-letniego betonowego mostu łukowego zlokalizowanego w Jagodniku w północnej Polsce. Trwałość i wytrzymałość starego betonu są określane na podstawie wybranych właściwości mechanicznych, fizycznych i chemicznych. Program badań laboratoryjnych składał się z następującego zestawu badań: pomiary głębokości strefy skarbonatyzowanej i gęstości w stanie suchym, badania...
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Analiza drgań przewodów jezdnych sieci trakcyjnej w aspekcie oceny jej stanu technicznego
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono możliwości wykorzystania analizy drgań przewodów jezdnych sieci trakcyjnej do oceny jej stanu technicznego. Zaprezentowano wyniki badań laboratoryjnych, w których rejestrowano drgania odcinka przewodu jezdnego o zróżnicowanym stopniu zużycia i przy różnych warunkach jego zawieszenia. Na bazie przeprowadzonych analiz w dziedzinie czasu i częstotliwości, wskazano zależności między stanem sieci a wybranymi parametrami...
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Radio programowalne - nowoczesna platforma dydaktyczna
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono technologię radia programowalnego jako nowoczesną platformę dydaktyczną. Zaproponowane podejście pozwala na efektywniejsze planowanie stanowisk laboratoryjnych. Umożliwia skrócenie czasu realizacji etapów związanych z projektowaniem, symulacją i testowaniem działania łącza radiowego. Pozwala również na elastyczną zmianę stanowisk laboratoryjnych zgodnie z dynamicznym rozwojem współczesnych systemów radiokomunikacyjnych.
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HEALTH MONITORING OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE FED WITH DIFFERENT LOW-SULPHUR MARINE FUELS BY ENDOSCOPIC IMAGE PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS
PublikacjaThis article characterises the methodology for the endoscopic testing of a laboratory diesel engine used for testing marine fuels. The ‘Shadow’ measurement method used in the XLG3 type EVEREST digital endoscope, for quantitative and qualitative identification of detected surface defects, was approximated. Representative endoscopic images of the elements limiting the working space of the research engine are demonstrated, having...
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Analysis of the Usefulness of Cheap Audio Recorders for Spectral Measurement of Environmental Noise
PublikacjaEnvironmental noise pollution is nowadays one of the most serious health threats. The impact of noise on the human body depends not only on the sound level but also on its spectral distribution. Reliable measurements of the environmental noise spectrum are often hampered by the very high price of top quality measuring devices. This paper explores the possibility of using much cheaper audio recorders for the frequency analysis....
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On the durability of the hydraulic satellite motor working mechanism in overload condition
PublikacjaThe paper presents the newest construction of the hydraulic satellite pump/motor. In this study, the fracture of the hydraulic satellite motor working mechanism is investigated. Factors influencing the durability of satellite working mechanism have been described. The durability of the hydraulic satellite motor working mechanism at a load, corresponding to a pressure of 15 MPa supplied with refined rapeseed oil is very low. Analyses...
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Improvement of time difference of arrival measurements resolution by using fractional delay filters in a direct sequence-code division multiple access radionavigation system
PublikacjaThis study presents a method of improving time measurements resolution in a direct sequence-code division multiple access receiver by using a fine code tracking loop based on fractional delay filtering of a despreading sequence. It briefly describes the structure of a generic digital code tracking loop and the proposed modification which allows to measure time difference of arrival values with the subsample resolution, together...
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Methods of Tire Rolling Resistance Measurements
PublikacjaTire rolling resistance is one of the factors related to tire/road interaction that has important influence on road vehicles performance. Raising fuel price and increased concern related to the environmental changes result in growing interest in reduction of tire rolling resistance that influences fuel consumption, especially in free-flowing highway traffic with moderate speeds. There are several methods of tire rolling resistance measurements....
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Scientific research in the Department of Machine Design and Automotive Engineering
PublikacjaShort descriptions of various research subjects taken up at the Department of Machine Design and Automotive Engineering are included in the paper. The subjects cover a wide range of bearing systems and tribology research and the research on tires and road surfaces. A third field of activity is biomedical engineering – with the attempts to improve methods of modelling biological materials in FEM calculations. The Department has...
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IPMSM rotor position estimator based on analysis of phase current derivatives
PublikacjaThis paper describes an algorithm for estimation of IPMSM angular rotor position. The algorithm uses derivatives of motor phase currents resulting from PWM modulation to obtain the rotor position. The presented method is designed for medium- and high-speed range, since it is based on determination of the EMF vector. Algorithm is characterised by a very simple formulae. The calculation of rotor position is performed in every PWM...
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Symmetrical power line conditioner - basic properties
PublikacjaIn this paper the basis of analytical modelling of the UPQC arrangements (Unified Power Quality Conditioner) in d-q rotating coordinates, as well as select results of investigations conducted on the simplified small power laboratory model, were talked over. In short form power balance as well as fundamental dependences and analytical model with regard of decoupling circuits, were investigated. Applied method for DC link capacitance...
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Five-phase squirrel-cage motor. Construction and drive properties
PublikacjaThis paper presents the simulation and experimental results of a five-phase squirrel-cage induction motor. The new machine has been designed to operate in a drive system with third harmonic rotor flux injection in order to improve the motor torque utilization. The motor structure, the mathematical model as well as the laboratory prototype have been described. The motor speed-torque characteristics and transients are elaborated...
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Identification of Bodner-Partom Viscoplastic Model Parameters for Some Aluminum Alloys at Elevated Temperature
PublikacjaThe paper presents the identification process of inelastic (viscoplastic) properties for two aluminum alloys at a temperature of 120°C. The material parameters are calculated on the basis of uniaxial tension tests. Twelve tests at elevated temperature for each alloy have been performed—three tests for four different strain rates. The main purpose of the paper is to identify the Bodner-Partom viscoplastic model parameters for two...
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Green Chromatography: State-of-the-art, Opportunities and Future Perspectives
PublikacjaIt is well known that chromatographic procedures could have a significant impact on the environment if laboratory practice is not in line with the principles of green analytical chemistry (GAC). However, chromatographic techniques have the potential to be greener in all steps of the analysis. The approaches used to make chromatographic separations greener differ depending on the type of chromatographic method. This chapter considers...
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Modified SPWM Technique with Zero-Sequence Voltage Injection for a Five-Phase, Three-Level NPC Inverter
PublikacjaThis article presents a modified sinusoidal pulse-width modulation (SPWM) scheme for a five-phase, three-level neutral-point-clamped inverter. The modulation scheme deploys a modified min–max function to inject the zero-sequence components into the reference modulating signals; hence enabling the effective utilization of the DC-link voltage. Balanced split-input DC-link voltages were achieved through further incorporation of adjustable...
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A robust 18-pulse diode rectifier with coupled reactors
PublikacjaThe article presents the principle of operation and selected results of simulation and laboratory tests of the 18-pulse rectifier system with coupled reactors and small series active power filter. The presented system makes it possible to reduce, especially in distribution supply networks, undesired higher current harmonics. The 18-pulse nature of operation of the rectifier is reached using a set of coupled three-phase network...
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Modeling and experimental investigation of the small UPQC systems
PublikacjaIn this paper the basis of analytical modelling of the UPQC arrangements (Unified Power Quality Conditioner) in d-q rotating coordinates, as well as select results of investigations conducted on the simplified small power laboratory model were talked over. In short form power balance as well as fundamental dependences and analytic model with regard of decoupling circuits were investigated. Applied method for DC link capacity selection...
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Realizacja mobilnego urządzenia do wytwarzania kurtyny elektromagnetycznej do zastosowań specjalnych
PublikacjaIn the article the assumptions, design and realisation of the technological demonstrator of a mobile device for generating an electromagnetic curtain (AEGIS) were presented, both in the area of hardware and software. The device is designed to block radio communication by which it is possible to detonate the Radio Controlled Improvised Explosive Devices (RCIEDs). The preliminary laboratory tests of the demonstrator for generating...
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FEM simulations applied to the failure analysis of RC structure under the influence of municipal sewage pressure
PublikacjaThe paper discusses a failure mechanism of reinforced concrete (RC) structure with steel cover that failed under the influence of municipal sewage pressure. To explain the reasons of failure, in-situ measurements, laboratory experiments and comprehensive Finite Element Method (FEM) computations were performed. Non-destructive in-situ scanning tests were carried out to determine quantity and cover thickness of embedded reinforcement...
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Influence of Material Thickness on the Ductile Fracture of Steel Plates for Shipbuilding
PublikacjaIn the shipbuilding industry, the risk of brittle fractures is relatively high because some units operate in arctic or subarcticzones and use high thickness (up to 100 mm) steel plates in their structures. This risk is limited by employing certifiedmaterials with a specific impact strength, determined using the Charpy method (for a given design temperature) and byexercising control over the welding processes (technology qualification,...
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Capacity Transforming challenges into opportunities
PublikacjaThe Urban Initiative Laboratory (UIL) aims to upgrade the smart city concept in Gdańsk by introducing the Food-Water-Energy (FWE) nexus to the city. It was agreed in the CRUNCH international consortium that projects on different scales would be implemented in the individual countries to test the Integrated Decision Supportive system platform, which would, in principle, concern urban scale. The regular urban scale was to be researched...
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Influence of the low ambient temperature on the start-up process of hydraulic pumps
PublikacjaStarting hydraulic pumps in low ambient temperatures may cause: decreased hydraulic-mechanical efficiency, larger vibration of hydraulic installation, faster wear and more frequent damage to the elements of pumps, change of material properties of elements, increase of pressure drop. As a result of pressure drop in the suction pipe, large underpressure may be experienced, causing incomplete filling of pump working chambers with...
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Numerical Modelling for Prediction of Compression Index from Soil Index Properties in Jimma town, Ethiopia
PublikacjaIn this study, correlations are developed to predict compression index (Cc) from index parameters so that one can be able to model Jimma soils with compression index using simple laboratory tests. Undisturbed and disturbed soil samples from twelve different locations in Jimma town were collected. Laboratory tests like specific gravity, grain size analysis, Atterberg limit, and one-dimensional consolidation test for a total of twenty-four...
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Experimentation, material modelling and simulation of bonded joints with a flexible adhesive
PublikacjaThe paper deals with material parameters identification of a flexible adhesive and the numerical simulation of its behaviour in a single lap bonded joint. The material modelling was based on the simple shear and tensile-shear laboratory tests of the bonded joints made of thin aluminium and polyurethane plates with the flexible adhesive Terostat MS 9360 manufactured by Henkel AG & Co. The adhesive was considered as a hyperelastic...
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Possibilities of radioisotope measuring in control of an unstable solid particles hydrotransport
PublikacjaThe paper presents γ-radiation proposal to control a multiphase flow, independently from circumstances. So this method may be applied even in compound industrial or environmental processes. Moreover in many cases, it is the only method for applications for dense mixture containing coarse angular grains. The constructed equipment allows continuous measurement of density as well as solid phase for both concentration and average velocity....
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Wave propagation in damage assessment of ground anchors
PublikacjaThe inspection possibilities of ground anchors are limited to destructive test such as pull-out test. Guided wave propagation gives an opportunity to develop an inspection system dedicated to determine the condition of inspected element without violation of their integrity. In this paper the experimental study on wave propagation in laboratory models of ground anchors are presented. Experiments were conducted for different bonding...
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Adhesion of organic coatings to hot-dip galvanized steel
PublikacjaDuplex systems provide long-time corrosion protection, much longer than the sum of the lifetimes of zinc and paint used individually. However loss of adhesion between coating and zinc substrate is often found in practice. Different methods of zinc surface preparations are used in the fi eld. The aim of this study was to examine and compare coating protection when the old zinc surface, stored during long-time period (15 years) in...
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Robustness of contact-less optical method, used for measuring contact wire position in changeable lighting conditions
PublikacjaThe article presents verification of robustness of contactless method based on 2D image camera, which is used to measure catenary contact wire position in changeable ambient lighting conditions. Robustness in changeable lighting conditions is ensured through the combination of advanced image processing for background information removal and the algorithm of error correction. This algorithm detects incorrect images and substitutes...
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INVESTIGATION OF BOTTOM SEDIMENT STRATIFICATION
PublikacjaThe main goal of this paper is to find a method to assess remotely the type of sediments on the basis of the signal received using the parametric echosounder. The images of the sea bottom sediments taken by a parametric echosounder show the fine structure of the upper layer of the bottom sediments. The depth of penetration depends on the type of sediment, in fact on the attenuation of acoustic wave. In the paper the method of distinguishing...
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Mechanical properties of PVDF-coated fabric under tensile tests
PublikacjaThis article describes the laboratory tests necessary to identify the mechanical properties of the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-coated fabrics named Precontraint 1202S and Precontraint 1302S. First, a short survey of the literature concerning the description of coated woven fabrics is presented. Second, the material parameters for PVDF-coated fabrics are specified on the basis of biaxial tensile tests. A comparison of the 1:1...
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Label‐free optical detection of cyclosporine in biological fluids
PublikacjaIn this paper, a spectroscopic method for determination of cyclosporine concentrations in biological fluids is presented. Blood plasma and hemoglobin solutions are chosen for the experiment. For various cyclosporine concentrations in blood plasma and hemoglobin, absorbance measurements in spectra range from 600 to 1100 nm are performed. The measurement results are analyzed by the use of a dedicated algorithm. The obtained data...
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Resonant DC link inverters for AC motor drive systems – critical evaluation
PublikacjaIn this survey paper, resonant and quasiresonant DC link inverters are reexamined for AC motor drive applications. Critical evaluation of representative topologies is based on simulation and waveform analysis to characterize current/voltage stress of components, control timing constraints and feasibility. A special concern over inverter common-mode voltage and voltage gradient du/dt limitation capacity is discussed for motor bearing...
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BIOVAC® WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS IN THE MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARKS.
PublikacjaThis paper presents characteristics of the Biovac® wastewater treatment plants operating in the mountain areas of the Polish national parks (NP): Tatrzanski NP and Babiogórski NP as well as in the West Spitsbergen NP. On the basis of the laboratory tests performed on raw sewage and the final effluent the efficiency of the wastewater treatment plants was evaluated. It was found that high COD values and rather high COD / BOD5 ratios...
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TIRE/ROAD NOISE AND TIRE ROLLING RESISTANCE ON PROTOTYPE PERS SURFACE
PublikacjaPoroelastic road surfaces are characterized by low noise of tires running on them.Road pavements of this type are promising solution to problems related to traffic noise in cities and on rural roads. Some technical problems still have to be solved, in particular regarding durability and skid resistance on wet surface. Ongoing and planned works are to contribute to create a quiet, durable and safe road surface, which will become...
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Method of sum of power losses as a way for determining the ki coefficients of energy losses in hydraulic motor
PublikacjaThis paper shows application of the method of sum of power losses to determining energy losses which occur in hydraulic rotary motor in situation when not all laboratory data are at one’s disposal or when no use is made of data contained in catalogue charts. The method makes it possible to determine the coefficients ,ki , of energy losses occurring in the motor. The method of sum of power losses is based on the approach proposed...
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The effect of current delay angle on tripping of residual current devices
PublikacjaPower electronics converters applied in domestic or similar installations may utilize current delay (phase) angle control to change the level of transferred power. Due to application of such types of converters, earth fault current in the installation may be strongly distorted. The current distortion level depends on a value of current delay angle. This delay angle also influences the tripping threshold of residual current devices....
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Effect of the inclination angle of the condenser on the heat transfer coefficient value – experimental study
PublikacjaWhen considering problem of the condensation of the refrigerant in a flow inside channel, one needs to pay attention to the shape of its cross-section, the hydraulic diameter, the channel length as well as the orientation of the channel axis in space (horizontal, vertical, inclined). This paper presents an experimental study concerning the effect of the inclination angle of the condenser with a single coil pipe on the heat transfer...
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Determination of the uncertainty of mass flow measurement using the orifice for different values of the Reynolds number
PublikacjaStandard orifice flowmeters are widely used in the chemical and energy industry. Therefore, it is essential to know how accurate the measurements made with these instruments are. The paper presents an estimation of measurement uncertainty of a liquid mass flow using the orifice plate. The authors will present the influence of ranges of the Reynolds number on the estimated uncertainty, obtained on the basis of simulation and laboratory...
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CFGFRPT Piles with a Circular Cross-Section and their Application in Offshore Structures
PublikacjaThe possibilities of using concrete piles in a polymer composite reinforced with glass fibres in offshore facilities were shown. Laboratory tests of CFGFRPT type piles compressed axially and in eccentric compression for the analysis of CFGFRPT piles were used. Methods of analysis of dynamic systems for mathematical modelling of the displacement of the hammer in the pile driving process were applied. The possibilities of combining...
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AEGIS – Mobile Device for Generating Electromagnetic Curtain for Special Applications and Countering the Threats of RCIED
PublikacjaIn the article the assumptions, design and realization of the technological demonstrator of a mobile device for generating an electromagnetic curtain (with a cryptonym AEGIS) were presented, both in the area of hardware and software. The device is designed to block the radio communication systems by which it is possible to detonate the Radio Controlled Improvised Explosive Devices (RCIEDs). The preliminary laboratory tests of the...
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Algorytmy wyodrębniania składowych symetrycznych sygnału pomiarowego napięcia w przypadku asymetrii sieci trójfazowej
PublikacjaW artykule zaprezentowano działanie wybranych algorytmów wykorzystywanych do wyodrębniania składowych symetrycznych z sygnałów pomiarowych napięcia lub prądu w przypadku wystąpienia asymetrii trójfazowej sieci elektroenergetycznej. Weryfikacji działania algorytmów dokonano na podstawie badań symulacyjnych i laboratoryjnych w układzie w którym jako odbiornik zastosowano stojan maszyny asynchronicznej pierścieniowej. Określono wpływ...
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Importance of artificial intelligence to support the process of anaerobicdigestion of kitchen waste with bioplastics / Znaczenie sztucznej inteligencji we wspomaganiu procesu beztlenowej fermentacji odpadów kuchennych zawierających bioplastiki
PublikacjaArtificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning were used to obtain more effective methods for conducting the digestion process and achieving final products. Data acquisition was carried out by an automatic monitoring and anal. research. The knowledge describing the anaerobic digestion process was summarized in the form of rules: IF (premise) THEN (conclusion). The compiled set of rules created a knowledge base of the expert...
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The home-made in situ passive flux sampler for the measurement of monoterpene emission flux: preliminary studies
PublikacjaThe paper presents the construction and metrological characteristics of the home-made in situ passive flux sampler, an analytical tool representing small-scale emission chambers working in situ and passively sampling analytes from the gaseous phase. The sorption element was a cylindrical container made of stainless steel net, packed with a carbon sorbent bed-graphitized charcoal, Carbograph 4 (35/50mesh). The recommended working/exposure...
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Considerations of Adaptive Digital Communications in Underwater Acoustic Channel
PublikacjaDown-link communication (DLC) and air transportable communication (ATAC) buoys as well as autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) use acoustic links for gathering oceanographic data from underwater monitoring systems. The underwater channel propagation conditions are diverse in nature and require a special adaptive approach to the communication system design. The article presents a methodology for the communication systems design,...
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Gas boiler as a heat source for the domestic micro-CHP
PublikacjaIn the presented analysis a commercially available domestic gas boiler as a heat source for domestic ORC is considered. The applicability of the gas boiler (De Dietrich with thermal power 25 kW) coupled with the laboratory prototype micro ORC setup has experimentally studied. The main aim of the study is to determine the working fluid temperature, attainable heat rates and efficiencies of the whole system. Preliminary investigations...
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Characterization of 1,3-alternate calix[4]arene-silica bonded stationary phases and their comparison to selected commercial columns by using principal component analysis
PublikacjaTwelve calix[4]arene stationary phases in 1,3-alternate conformation, synthesized in the authors laboratory, were characterized in terms of their surface coverage, hydrophobic selectivity, aromatic selectivity, shape selectivity, hydrogen bonding capacity and ion-exchange capacity. The set of tests commonly used for evaluation of commercially available stationary phases was applied to assess fundamental chromatographic properties...
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Interrelated shape memory and Payne effect in polyurethane/graphene oxide nanocomposites
PublikacjaWe report the fabrication of graphene oxide (GO) based polyurethane (PU) nanocomposites by a simple method of mixing and their shape memory properties at different temperatures. Both the polymer and the filler were synthesized in the laboratory by simple and easy methods – PU by pre-polymer method and GO by improved graphene oxide synthesis method. High molecular level dispersion of GO platelets within the PU matrix and thus good...
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A mechanistic model for fate and removal of estrogens in biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems
PublikacjaTwo estrogen fate and transformation models were integrated with a comprehensive activated sludge model (ASM) to predict estrogen removal based on biomass and solids production. Model predictions were evaluated against published full-scale plant data as well as results from a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) fed synthetic wastewater. The estrogen fate model relating the rate of total estrogen degradation to soluble...
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Geotechnical Aspects of Dike Construction Using Soil-Ash Composites
PublikacjaAn analysis of using of anthropogenic materials, mainly ashes from Coal Combustion Products (CCP), for dike construction is shown. Perspectives of anthropogenic materials application in geotechnical engineering and their advantages in sense of the carbon dioxide reduction are discussed. According to regulations of Kioto Protocol 2005 and EU agreement “Energy Roadmap 2050” recycled materials have higher usage priority than natural...
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Application of gamma densitometry and statistical signal analysis to gas phase velocity measurements in pipeline hydrotransport
PublikacjaThe work presents selected methods of signal analysis used in the processing of data obtained from radiometric probes. The used data came from an exemplary study of a two-phase liquid-gas flow at the laboratory installation. In such rigs many possible transport types may be observed, i.e. slug, plug and bubble flow, and each of them gives different signal-to-noise ratio of recorded data. Therefore, available radiometric methods...