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Research of Emergency Modes of Wind Power Plants Using Computer Simulation
PublikacjaThe aim of this study is to investigate changes in the wind power plant energy production parameters under the conditions of sudden wind changes and voltage drop. To achieve these goals, a simulation of operation of wind power plants was performed. Twelve wind turbines with variable rotational speed equipped with a Fuhrländer FL 2500/104 asynchronous double-fed induction generator (DFIG) were used, each with an installed capacity...
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Maximum Power Point Technique (MPPT) for PV System Based on Improved Pert and Observe (P&O) Method with PI Controller
PublikacjaPhotovoltaic power generation system has key rule in electricity production. Although, it is clean renewable energy with unlimited resources but it has some drawbacks in efficiency. In order to maximize the efficiency, PV array must drive at maximum power point. For the reason so, several algorithms are used in PV system to track MPP and reduce the...
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Ensuring sustainable development of urban public transport: A case study of the trolleybus system in Gdynia and Sopot (Poland)
PublikacjaElectromobility is a vital tool in reducing the environmental impact of transportation. A technologically mature means of public transport is the trolleybus. Based on a case study of the Polish cities of Gdynia and Sopot, this paper explores the factors that influence the development of the trolleybus system. Recent developments of in-motion charging (IMC) technology are analysed what provides a new analytical framework for the...
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Critical Review on Robust Speed Control Techniques for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) Speed Regulation
PublikacjaThe permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is a highly efficient energy saving machine. Due to its simple structural characteristics, good heat radiation capability, and high efficiency, PMSMs are gradually replacing AC induction motors in many industrial applications. The PMSM has a nonlinear system and lies on parameters that differ over time with complex high-class dynamics. To achieve the excessive performance operation...
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Adaptive dynamic control allocation for dynamic positioning of marine vessel based on backstepping method and sequential quadratic programming
PublikacjaIt is generally assumed in dynamic positioning of over-actuated marine vessels that the control effectiveness matrix (input matrix) is known and constant, or, in case of fault information, it is estimated by the fault detection and diagnosis system. The purpose of the study is to develop the adaptive dynamic positioning control system for an over-actuated marine vessel in the presence of uncertainties and with emphasis on limited...
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Infrastruktura ładowania pojazdów elektrycznych
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono przegląd zagadnień z zakresu infrastruktury ładowania pojazdów elektrycznych. Przeanalizowano wpływ dużej liczby pojazdów EV na system elektroenergetyczny. W analizie uwzględniono zarówno wzrastające zapotrzebowanie na moc jak też na zapewnienie wysokiej jakości energii elektrycznej. Pokazano ideę wykorzystania pojazdów EV jako magazynów energii w systemie elektroenergetycznym. Zaprezentowano podstawowe...
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Recent Advances in Polymer Nanocomposites: Unveiling the Frontier of Shape Memory and Self-Healing Properties—A Comprehensive Review
PublikacjaShape memory and self-healing polymer nanocomposites have attracted considerable attention due to their modifiable properties and promising applications. The incorporation of nanomaterials (polypyrrole, carboxyl methyl cellulose, carbon nanotubes, titania nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, mesoporous silica) into these polymers has significantly enhanced their performance, opening up new avenues for diverse applications. The...
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Bio‑derived polyurethanes obtained by non‑isocyanate route using polyol‑based bis(cyclic carbonate)s—studies on thermal decomposition behavior
PublikacjaNon-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) constitute one of the most prospective groups of eco-friendly materials based on their phosgene-free synthesis pathway. Moreover, one of the steps of their obtaining includes the use of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), which allows for the promotion of the development of carbon dioxide capture and storage technologies. In this work, non- isocyanate polyurethanes were obtained via three-step synthesis...
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HYDROACOUSTIC NOISE MEASUREMENTS
PublikacjaThe paper deals mainly with investigation of underwater noise that propagation is in shallow water. In this paper has been presented the experimental investigation results concerning the distribution of the sound field pressure generated by moving ships in the shallow water at the small distance from the ship. The main acoustical characteristics describing features of the field are spectrograms in pseudo 3D system – distance and frequency...
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Analysis and Comparison of Safety of Children and Adult Passenger in Car Based on Crash Tests Results
PublikacjaMost important features of the child seat were presented. There was made analysis of selected dynamic loads acting on mannequins heads during a collision. Comparison of loads acting on the kid in a child seat and the other passengers in a car is presented. In analysis of the results particular attention has been paid on the children's secure in a car. The phenomena of collision child's occipital bone with seat backrest was described....
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Cost-Effective Piggyback Forward dc-dc Converter
PublikacjaThe novel piggyback dc-dc converter as a cost-effective solution is presented in this work. It provides a wide input voltage range of regulation with a low component count. The novel solution is an advanced forward dc-dc converter with an additional clamp output capacitor. The idea of such a type of converter is to transfer magnetizing energy of transformer to the output side, instead of using input clamp circuit. The design guidelines...
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Task Scheduling – Review of Algorithms and Analysis of Potential Use in a Biological Wastewater Treatment Plant
PublikacjaThe idea of task scheduling is to increase the efficiency of a system by minimising wasted time, evenly loading machines, or maximising the throughput of machines. Moreover, the use of appropriate scheduling algorithms often leads to a reduction in the energy costs of the process. Task scheduling problems are found in a variety of industrial areas, and their scale changes significantly depending on the problem. This review shows...
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Chemometrics approaches to green analytical chemistry procedure development
PublikacjaChemometric tools are widely used in analytical chemistry for the reduction of data dimensionality, grouping of variables and processing of analytical signals. They have also the potential to be applied in analytical procedure development with the aim of minimizing the procedure’s environmental impact. The design of experiment gives the possibility to obtain much better information on the system response than in case of “changing...
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Polish Experience of Implementing Vision Zero
PublikacjaPurpose of Review The aim of this study is to present an outline and the principles of Poland’s road safety strategic programming as it has developed over the last 25 years since the first Integrated Road Safety System with a strong focus on Sweden’s “Vision Zero”. Recent Findings Countries that have successfully improved road safety have done so by following strategies centred around the idea that people are not infallible and...
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High-temperature heat pumps – potential technology for heat recovery and production of process heat
PublikacjaIn the paper, the high temperature vapour compressor based heat pump with a selection of working fluids, both perspective and ecological ones, is considered. Such system is not yet commercially available on the market and in author’s opinion it has significant potential for various applications. In the presented analysis it was assumed that the heat source has a temperature of 50oC and the temperature lift is 60, 80 and 100K respectively....
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A comparative study on the decolorization of Tartrazine, Ponceau 4R, and Coomassie Brilliant Blue using persulfate and hydrogen peroxide based Advanced Oxidation Processes combined with Hydrodynamic Cavitation
PublikacjaDecolorization of Ponceau 4R, Tartrazine, and Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) was studied using hybrid processes of hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) with potassium persulfate (KPS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The different properties of these dyes such as hydrophobicity, molecular structures, and molecular weights provided this opportunity to investigate the effects of these factors by comparing the decolorization values of the dyes....
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The Multiplatform Environment for Simulation and Features Estimation of Mixed-Signal Devices
PublikacjaThe use of simulation laboratories is gaining popularity in thedomains of engineering programs. However, the experience in teaching showsthat the simulation itself is not very effective in didactic processes. Teachingprocesses in thefield of specialist subjects, designed for students of technicaluniversities, should be based on direct operations performed by the student onreal devices. At the same time, at the later stages of didactic...
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Efficiency of thermomechanical reclaiming of ground tire rubber conducted in counter-rotating and co-rotating twin screw extruder
PublikacjaIn this article the results of research on a continuous thermomechanical reclaiming process of ground tire rubber (GTR) conducted in a twin screw extruder are presented. The effects of the rotation direction (co-rotating/counter-rotating), design of co-rotating plasticizing units and the rotational speed of the screws on the extruder working parameters, sol fraction and the degree of reclaiming in the obtained products were described....
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The influence of road surface unevenness on tyre rolling resistance
PublikacjaThe geometric characteristics of road surface substantially affect the interaction between tyre and road. Depending on pavement texture wavelength, the texture chiefly affects tyre/road friction, rolling resistance, interior and exterior noise, tyre wear, and ride comfort. The article presents results of investigations on the influence of road surface unevenness on the rolling resistance of passenger car and truck tyres. The tests...
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Biocomposites from recycled resources as candidates for laboratory reference material to validate analytical tools used in organic compounds emissions investigation
PublikacjaA suitably chosen reference material should meet specific criteria like representing one of the compound classes most commonly occurring in indoor materials as well as having optimal long-term stability during storage and transport to its destination point and having a compact size. The described interdisciplinary pilot research was aimed to develop and characterize a polymer-based candidate for the laboratory reference material...
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Testing the Effect of Bathymetric Data Reduction on the Shape of the Digital Bottom Model
PublikacjaDepth data and the digital bottom model created from it are very important in the inland and coastal water zones studies and research. The paper undertakes the subject of bathymetric data processing using reduction methods and examines the impact of data reduction according to the resulting representations of the bottom surface in the form of numerical bottom models. Data reduction is an approach that is meant to reduce the size...
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Linear viscoelastic transversely isotropic model based on the spectral decomposition of elasticity tensors
PublikacjaThe linear viscoelasticity is still a useful model in the engineering for studying the behavior of materials loaded with different loading rates (frequencies). Certain types of materials reveal also an anisotropic behavior: fiber reinforced composites, asphalt concrete mixtures, or wood, to name a few. In general, researchers try to identify experimentally the dependence of engineering constants like: directional Young’s moduli...
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A GPU Solver for Sparse Generalized Eigenvalue Problems with Symmetric Complex-Valued Matrices Obtained Using Higher-Order FEM
PublikacjaThe paper discusses a fast implementation of the stabilized locally optimal block preconditioned conjugate gradient (sLOBPCG) method, using a hierarchical multilevel preconditioner to solve nonHermitian sparse generalized eigenvalue problems with large symmetric complex-valued matrices obtained using the higher-order finite-element method (FEM), applied to the analysis of a microwave resonator. The resonant frequencies of the low-order...
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A novel degree-hour method for rational design loading
PublikacjaCooling degree-hours (CDH) received the broadest application in evaluation of the ambient air cooling efficiency in power engineering (engine intake air cooling systems) and air conditioning. The current CDH numbers are defined as a drop in air temperature multiplied by associated time duration of performance and their summarized annual number is used to estimate the annual effect achieved due to sucked air cooling in power plants...
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Comparison of Tire Rolling Resistance Measuring Methods for Different Surfaces
PublikacjaThe rolling resistance of car tires is one of the most important parameters characterizing tires today. This resistance has a very significant contribution to the energy consumption of wheeled vehicles. The climate crisis has forced tire and car manufacturers to place great emphasis on the environmental impact of their products. Paradoxically, the development of electric vehicles has led to an even greater importance of rolling...
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Analiza systemu przekazywania energii elektrycznej na drodze indukcyjnej przy dużej szczelinie powietrznej i wysokiej częstotliwości
PublikacjaBezstykowe zasilanie energią elektryczną poprzez dużą szczelinę powietrzną staje się atrakcyjną alternatywą dla rozwiązań klasycznych, zwłaszcza w przypadku budowy bezobsługowych (automatycznych) stacji doładowujących baterie akumulatorów (superkondensatorów) pojazdu oraz dla zasilania odbiornika ruchomego, na drodze indukcyjnej, w trakcie jego ruchu.Artykuł przedstawia wyniki badania wpływu poszczególnych elementów systemu bezstykowego...
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A study of concentration depolarization and quenching of photoluminescence of solutions
PublikacjaThe concentration-dependence of emission anisotropy r/r0 and quantum yield eta/eta0 of the photoluminescence of glycerol-water solutions of rhodamine B in two systems of viscosities 7.4 P and 0.72 P is investigated. The experimental data are compared with the new theory of concentraticn depolarization (J. Lumin., 5, 413 (1972)) and concentration quenching of photoluminescence (Acta Phys. Hungar., 30, 145 (1972)), which takes...
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Integrated Functional Safety and Cybersecurity Evaluation in a Framework for Business Continuity Management
PublikacjaThis article outlines an integrated functional safety and cybersecurity evaluation approach within a framework for business continuity management (BCM) in energy companies, including those using Industry 4.0 business and technical solutions. In such companies, information and communication technology (ICT), and industrial automation and control system (IACS) play important roles. Using advanced technologies in modern manufacturing...
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Mechanism of Solute and Thermal Characteristics in a Casson Hybrid Nanofluid Based with Ethylene Glycol Influenced by Soret and Dufour Effects
PublikacjaThis article models a system of partial differential equations (PDEs) for the thermal and solute characteristics under gradients (concentration and temperature) in the magnetohydrodynamic flow of Casson liquid in a Darcy porous medium. The modelled problems are highly non-linear with convective boundary conditions. These problems are solved numerically with a finite element approach under a tolerance of 10−8. A numerical algorithm...
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Comparison of Two Nonlinear Predictive Control Algorithms for Dissolved Oxygen Tracking Problem at WWTP
PublikacjaThe wastewater treatment plant is classified as a complex system, due to its nonlinear dynamics, large uncertainty of disturbance inputs, multiple time scales in the internal process dynamics, and multivariable structure. The aeration process, in turn, is an important and expensive part of wastewater treatment plant operation. All operating parameters of the aeration in biological processes are to be precisely controlled to provide...
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Magnetoacoustic Heating of Plasma Caused by Periodic MagnetosoundPerturbations with Discontinuities in a Quasi-Isentropic Magnetic Gas
PublikacjaThe magnetoacoustic heating of plasma by harmonic or periodic saw-tooth perturbations at a trans-ducer is theoretically studied. The planar fast and slow magnetosound waves are considered. The wavevector may form an arbitrary angleθwith the equilibrium straight magnetic field. In view of variableθand plasma-β, the description of magnetosound perturbations and appropriate magnetosound heatingis fairly difficult. The scenario of...
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ADAPTIVE BACKSTEPPING TRACKING CONTROL FOR OVER-ACTUATED DP MARINE VESSEL WITH INERTIA UNCERTAINTIES
PublikacjaDesigning a tracking control system for an over-actuated dynamic positioning marine vessel in the case of insufficient information on environmental disturbances, hydrodynamic damping, Coriolis forces and vessel inertia characteristics is considered. The designed adaptive MIMO backstepping control law with control allocation is based on Lyapunov control theory for cascaded systems to guarantee stabilization of the marine vessel...
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Modeling of performance of a AUV vehicle towards limiting the hydro-acoustic field.
PublikacjaSome results of research devoted to the modeling of a AUV-Stealth vehicle performance towards limiting its hydro-acoustic field are presented in the paper. At the beginning the AUV-Stealth autonomous underwater vehicle concept is described. Then the method of research is introduced. Next the key design drivers of the AUV-Stealth vehicle are presented. Between them are the AUV-Stealth hull form, arrangement of internal spaces,...
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Mathematical modelling of the overhead contact line for the purpose of diagnostics of pantographs
PublikacjaThe overhead contact line (OCL) is the most effective way for supplying railway electric vehicles. The increase of the speed of the vehicles increases power consumption and requires ensuring proper cooperation of pantographs with OCL. The paper describes the novel mathematical model of the OCL system and the simulation results. The primary objective is a more accurate analysis to increase the reliability of the evaluation of monitoring...
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Optimal control at energy performance index of the mobile robots following dynamically created trajectories
PublikacjaIn practice, the problem of motion control of the wheeled mobile robots is often neglected. Wheeled mobile robots are strongly nonlinear systems and restricted by non-holonomic constraints. Motion control of such systems is not trivial task and usage of non-optimal control signals can lead to deterioration of the overall robot system’s performance. In case of autonomous application of the mobile robots all parts of its control...
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Synthesis of N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic activity for 2,4-dichlorophenol degradation and H2 production
PublikacjaNitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO2) nanoparticles were prepared using a modified sol-gel method. The as-prepared nanoparticles were characterized by state-of-the-art techniques for their optical, structural and morphological properties. The crystallite size, surface area and bandgap energy of reference TiO2 and N-TiO2 nanoparticles were found to be 16.1 and 10.9 nm, 83.6 and 131.8 m2 g−1 and 3.23 and 2.89 eV, respectively....
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A review on computer‐aided chemogenomics and drug repositioning for rational COVID ‐19 drug discovery
PublikacjaApplication of materials capable of energy harvesting to increase the efficiency and environmental adaptability is sometimes reflected in the ability of discovery of some traces in an environment―either experimentally or computationally―to enlarge practical application window. The emergence of computational methods, particularly computer-aided drug discovery (CADD), provides ample opportunities for the rapid discovery and development...
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Treatment Wetlands in Rural Areas of Poland for Baltic Sea Protection
PublikacjaWater and wastewater management, especially in rural areas, greatly affects loads of nutrients discharged to the Baltic Sea. In Poland, this management is unbalanced because of the dispersed development and in many locations construction of sewerage system is uneconomic or even impossible. For this reason, a significant part of sewage from single-family houses in rural areas must be discharged into domestic sewage systems. The...
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The structure of 70(2Bi2O3-V2O5) - 30SrBO7 measured with X-ray diffraction and SEM methods
Dane BadawczeThe structure changes of 70(2Bi2O3-V2O5)-30SrB4O7 glass occurred during increase in temperature was measured by XRD and SEM.
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Studies of the Interaction Dynamics in Albumin-Chondroitin Sulfate Systems by Recurrence Method
PublikacjaThe physicochemical basis of lubrication of articular cartilage is still not fully understood. However, the synergy between components of the synovial fluid can be a crucial factor that could explain this phenomenon. This work presents a nonlinear data analysis technique named the recurrence method, applied to the system involving two components of synovial fluid: albumin and chondroitin sulfate (CS) immersed in a water environment....
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A comprehensive survey on low-cost ECG acquisition systems: Advances on design specifications, challenges and future direction
PublikacjaAvailability of low-cost, reliable, and portable Electrocardiography (ECG) devices is still very important in the medical world today. Despite the tremendous technological advancement, Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) remain a serious health burden claiming millions of lives on an annual basis globally. This is more prevalent in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) where there are huge financial instability and lack of critical...
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A new index for statistical analyses and prediction of travelling ionospheric disturbances
PublikacjaTravelling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs) are signatures of atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) observed in changes in the electron density. The analysis of TIDs is relevant for studying coupling processes in the thermosphere–ionosphere system. A new TID index is introduced, which is based on an easy extension of the commonly used approach for TID detection. This TID activity index, which can be applied for individual Global Navigation...
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Self-standing Nanoarchitectures
PublikacjaDespite there are structures invisible for the human eye, they mastered the world of advanced electronic devices, sensors, novel cosmetics or drugs. When the dimensions of the materials go down to the nanometres scale, their properties change dramatically comparing to the observable objects. Because of their tiny size, they gained the name of nanomaterials but simultaneously their importance has significantly grown up. Nanomaterials...
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From Scores to Predictions in Multi-Label Classification: Neural Thresholding Strategies
PublikacjaIn this paper, we propose a novel approach for obtaining predictions from per-class scores to improve the accuracy of multi-label classification systems. In a multi-label classification task, the expected output is a set of predicted labels per each testing sample. Typically, these predictions are calculated by implicit or explicit thresholding of per-class real-valued scores: classes with scores exceeding a given threshold value...
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Thermodynamic Studies of Interactions between Sertraline Hydrochloride and Randomly Methylated β-Cyclodextrin Molecules Supported by Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy and Molecular Docking Results
PublikacjaThe interaction between sertraline hydrochloride (SRT) and randomly methylated β-cyclodextrin (RM β CD) molecules have been investigated at 298.15 K under atmospheric pressure. The method used—Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) enabled to determine values of the thermodynamic functions like the enthalpy (DH), the entropy (DS) and the Gibbs free energy (DG) of binding for the examined system. Moreover, the stoichiometry coefficient...
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ECU calibration for gaseous dual fuel supply system in compression ignition engines
PublikacjaThe dual fuel (DF) combustion mode is proven solution that allows to improve or get at the same level engine performance and reduce toxic compounds in exhaust gases which is confirmed by researchers and end-users. DF combustion mode uses two fuels gaseous fuel as a primary energy source and a pilot quantity of diesel fuel as ignition source. However, in order, to fully take advantage of the potential of the dual fuel mode, DF system...
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Determination of the theoretical and actual working volume of a hydraulic motor
PublikacjaA new methodology of determination of the theoretical and actual working volume of a hydraulic motor based on the characteristics of the delivered flow rate into hydraulic motor vs. the rotational speed at a constant pressure drop in the working chambers is described in this paper. A new method of describing the delivered flow rate into a motor per one shaft revolution as a nonlinear function of the pressure drop in the motor working...
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Dynamics of Chains as a Tool to Study Thermomechanical Properties of Proteins.
PublikacjaPolymer dynamics can be formulated on different levels of detail. One approach eliminates microscopic degrees of freedom and a polymer molecule is represented by a simplified structure—a chain. In the simplest case monomers of ideal chain have fixed length, and their orientation is independent of the orientations and positions of neighbouring monomers. This is reason that two monomers can co-exist at the same place. Ideal chain...
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The Latest Advances in Wireless Communication in Aviation, Wind Turbines and Bridges
PublikacjaPresent-day technologies used in SHM (Structural Health Monitoring) systems in many implementations are based on wireless sensor networks (WSN). In the context of the continuous development of these systems, the costs of the elements that form the monitoring system are decreasing. In this situation, the challenge is to select the optimal number of sensors and the network architecture, depending on the wireless system’s other parameters...
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Comparative analysis of different numerical models of a steel radial gate
PublikacjaHydrotechnical structures are important components in water management system and general flooding safety. Their reliability should be ensured since potential damage might lead to catastrophic consequences. Weir gates are considered to be highly vulnerable elements of each hydro power plant, with regard to its dynamic resistance. The aim of the paper is to compare different numerical models and their influence on the results of...