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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: SURFACE FREE ENERGY
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Sustainable energy system combined biogas-feedSolid Oxide Fuel Cell and Microalgae technology
PublikacjaIn the new frontier of energy and environmental safety, new efficient and clean safe energy conversion systems are required. In this sense, the present work is framed within the context of Circular Economy and proposes a multidisciplinary study for the development of more efficient, economically viable and non-polluting energy conversion systems, based on the synergetic combination of different technologies: fuel cells, biofuels,...
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On energy, exergy, and environmental aspects of a combined gas-steam cycle for heat and power generation undergoing a process of retrofitting by steam injection
PublikacjaThe paper presents a study of retrofitting of a combined heat and power (CHP) plant aimed to increase the electric to heating power ratio. The modification would involve diverting part of the steam to the gas turbine, instead of letting it go to the steam turbine, using injection technique into a combustion chamber. Therefore, two potential retrofitting approaches are analyzed: steam injection gas turbine (STIGT) and combined steam...
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To what extent can hyperelastic models make sense the effect of clay surface treatment on the mechanical properties of elastomeric nanocomposites?
PublikacjaThe poor knowledge about nonlinear mechanical behavior of elastomer nanocomposites arises from the incomplete information on the interface. Application of hyperelastic models provides more insights into the nature and the situation of interaction between the elastomeric matrix and nanofillers. The current work seeks to address the effect of interphase strength on tensile properties of the elastomer nanocomposites under large deformations....
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Organic Pollution in Surface Waters from the Fuglebekken Basin in Svalbard, Norwegian Arctic
PublikacjaThe Fuglebekken basin is situated in the southern part of the island of Spitsbergen (Norwegian Arctic), on the Hornsund fjord (Wedel Jarlsberg Land). Surface water was collected from 24 tributaries (B1-B24) and from the main stream water in the Fuglebekken basin (25) between 10 July 2009 and 30 July 2009. The present investigation reveals the results of the analysis of these samples for their PAH and PCB content. Twelve of 16 PAHs...
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Processing of Hydroacoustic and LiDAR Data for Three-dimensional Surface Reconstruction
PublikacjaThe technologies of sonar and laser scanning are commonly used for obtaining spatial information about underwater and over ground environments in the form of point clouds. Since this data model has known disadvantages, a more practical solution of visualising such data involves the creation of solid three-dimensional meshes composed of edges and facets. In this paper, several methods for 3D shape reconstruction of data obtained...
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DFT study of low-energy electron interaction with pyridine, pyrazine and their halo derivatives
PublikacjaIn this work, the density functional theory with B3LYP hybrid functional was employed to calculate quantities useful for estimating the behavior of pyridine, pyrazine and their derivatives monosubstituted with Cl or Br atom, when exposed to low-energy electron impact. Vertical electron affinities obtained in several Pople basis sets and in aug-cc-pVTZ basis set are reported. Although some of the investigated molecules do not form...
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Low energy elastic electron scattering from benzonitrile (C6H5CN)
PublikacjaWe present experimental differential elastic scattering cross sections (DCSs) for low energy electron scattering from benzonitrile along with integral and momentum-transfer cross sections that are determined from these DCSs. The measurements of DCSs are obtained using the relative flow method with helium as the standard gas, in a crossed electron-molecular gas beam arrangement. Our measurements are made at incident electron energies...
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Synthesis and characterization of MoS2-carbon based materials for enhanced energy storage applications
PublikacjaThe article delves into the synthesis and characterization of MoS2-carbon-based materials, holding promise for applications in supercapacitors and ion batteries. The synthesis process entails the preparation of MoS2 and its carbon hybrids through exfoliation, hydrothermal treatment, and subsequent pyrolysis. Various analytical techniques were employed to comprehensively examine the structural, compositional, and morphological properties...
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Use of numerical methods in the analysis of traction energy systems—an overview of the practical examples
PublikacjaA characteristic feature of trolleybus transport is the random nature of traffic caused by congestion. It predestinates statistical and numerical methods for the analysis of trolleybus energy system. There are presented 3 methods of trolleybus traction system analysis: simulation of supply system based on Monte Carlo method, analysis of energy recovery potential based on statistical data analysis and benchmark of trolleybus supply...
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AMCA to TAMRA long range resonance energy transfer on a flexible peptide
PublikacjaFörster resonance energy transfer between 7-amino-4-methyl-3-coumarinylacetic acid, (AMCA, donor) and 5- carboxytetramethylrhodamine, (TAMRA, acceptor) bound to Lys(AMCA)-Gly-Pro-Arg-Ser-Leu-Ser-Gly-Lys (TAMRA)-NH2 peptide is demonstrated by various spectroscopic techniques in glycerol at room temperature. In particular, nonexponential character of fluorescence intensity decay evidences the distance distribution between the donor...
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Large scale complementary solar and wind energy sources coupled with pumped-storage hydroelectricity for Lower Silesia (Poland)
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Further development of the poroelastic road surface within the new Polish project SEPOR
PublikacjaRoad surfaces have a direct impact on noise generated by rolling tyres, the main and dominant source of noise of moving vehicles. Road surface texture, porosity and stiffness/elasticity govern the pavement contribution to tyre/road noise the most. An experimental PoroElastic Road Surface (PERS) is a wearing course with a high content of interconnected voids (pores) and with an elastic behavior due to the use of small particles...
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Extended investigation of performance-energy trade-offs under power capping in HPC environments
Publikacja—In the paper we present investigation of performance-energy trade-offs under power capping using modern processors. The results are presented for systems targeted at both server and client markets and were collected from Intel Xeon E5 and Intel Xeon Phi server processors as well as from desktop and mobile Intel Core i7 processors. The results, when using power capping, show that we can find various interesting combinations of...
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Key activities to improve energy management in DC microgrids connected by urban traction
PublikacjaDC MicroGrids must have Energy Management Systems to guarantee efficient, dependable, and environmentally friendly electricity. The application of Model Predictive Control, proved to be helpful due to its adaptability and capacity to use non-linear models. This paper, based on an extensive literature review, identifies and discusses the three key activities to improve the characteristics of DC MicroGrids, i.e.: the use of Energy...
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Advanced Potential Energy Surfaces for Molecular Simulation
PublikacjaAdvanced potential energy surfaces are defined as theoretical models that explicitly include many-body effects that transcend the standard fixed-charge, pairwise-additive paradigm typically used in molecular simulation. However, several factors relating to their software implementation have precluded their widespread use in condensed-phase simulations: the computational cost of the theoretical models, a paucity of approximate models...
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Energy neutrality versus carbon footprint minimization in municipal wastewater treatment plants
PublikacjaThis work aimed to compare the carbon footprint (CF) of six full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The CF was estimated in the range of 23–100 kg CO2e per population equivalent. In the total CF, the direct emissions held the highest share (62–74%) for the plants with energy recovery from biogas. In the plants depending entirely on the power grid, the indirect emissions due to energy consumption dominated the total CF (69–72%)....
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Low to intermediate energy elastic electron scattering from dichloromethane (CH2Cl2)
PublikacjaWe report a theoretical-experimental investigation of electron scattering by dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) in the low- and intermediate energy ranges. Experimental elastic differential cross sections (DCS), in the incident electron energy range of 0.5-800 eV and scattering angle range of 10°–130°, were measured using a crossed beam relative flow technique. Integral and momentum- transfer cross sections were determined from the experimental...
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Inverse determination of sliding surface temperature based on measurements by thermocouples with account of their thermal inertia
PublikacjaThis study developed an inverse heat conduction algorithm to determine temperature at a sliding surface taking account of thermocouple thermal inertia. The direct heat conduction problem was solved analytically based on the Laplace integral transform approach. The inverse algorithm was applied to the problem of friction of a brake material against a steel. The experiments were conducted on a pin-on-disc tribometer for three short-time...
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The Laser Processing of the Stainless-Steel Surface Layer of a Heat Exchanger Membrane in Order to Enhance Its Heat Transfer Coefficient
PublikacjaResearch on temperature regulation is essential for ensuring thermal comfort and optimizing machine performance. Effective cooling systems are critical in industrial processes and everyday electronic devices in order to prevent overheating. Laser-modified heat exchangers can enhance heat dissipation without increasing weight, addressing the need for energy-efficient solutions in the market. The main aim of this experimental research...
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Phase Change Thermal Energy Storage – The Experience of the Materials Preparation for the Specific Applications.
PublikacjaThermal energy storage and temperature stabilization is very important in many engineering applications. There are three kinds of thermal energy storage: sensible heat storage, latent heat storage and reversible chemical reaction heat storage. Phase change materials (PCM) absorb, store and release large amounts of energy in the form of latent heat, at constant temperature, called the transition temperature. The amount of heat...
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Energy Technology
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H2O˙+ and OH+ reactivity versus furan: experimental low energy absolute cross sections for modeling radiation damage
PublikacjaRadiotherapy is one of the most widespread and efficient strategies to fight malignant tumors. Despite its broad application, the mechanisms of radiation-DNA interaction are still under investigation. Theoretical models to predict the effects of a particular delivered dose are still in their infancy due to the difficulty of simulating a real cell environment, as well as the inclusion of a large variety of secondary processes. This...
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Determination of equivalent axle load factors with the use of strain energy of distortion
PublikacjaThe paper proposes a new method for calculation of equivalent axle load factors based on the analysis of strain energy of distortion induced in road pavements by traffic loads. The main advantage of the method is the more accurate calculation of the effects of multiple axles and super single versus dual tyres. The methodconsiders the location of critical points, at which strain energy of distortion reaches extreme values. When...
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A Wind Energy Conversion System Based on a Generator with Modulated Magnetic Flux
PublikacjaIn this work, the concept of an energy conversion system for wind turbines based on the modified permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is presented. In the generator, a pair of three-phase windings is used, one of which is connected in a “star” and the second in a “delta” configuration. At the outputs of both windings, two six-pulse uncontrolled (diode) rectifiers are included. These rectifiers are mutually coupled by a...
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Characterizing surface and air temperature in the Baltic Sea coastal area using remote sensing techniques and GIS
PublikacjaEstimation of surface temperature using multispectral imagery retrieved from satellite sensors constitutes several problems in terms of accuracy, accessibility, quality and evaluation. In order to obtain accurate results, currently utilized methods rely on removing atmospheric fluctuations in separate spectral windows, applying atmospheric corrections or utilizing additional information related to atmosphere or surface characteristics...
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Design and thermodynamic and thermoeconomic analysis of an organic Rankine cycle for naval surface ship applications
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The influence of humic substances in treated sewage on the quality of surface waters
PublikacjaAt present the evaluation of WWTP effectiveness is based upon organic matter and nutrients removal. Recently it was found out that sewage treatment leads to formation of resistant to biochemical degradation organic compounds, similar to humic acids. The humic acids formed during sewage treatment process play diversified functions when discharged to surface waters - for instance they can act as carriers of hydrophobic organic pollutants...
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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS EFFECT ONTHE RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF MR FLUID
PublikacjaPaper presents the results of shear stress measurements of a commercial magnetorheological fluid using a plate-plate type geometry with a modified working surface. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of changing the roughness of the measuring plate on the obtained shear stress results. Controlled shear rate tests and Magneto Sweep measurements were carried out for three MR fluid layer heights. The tests were...
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Evaluation of the energy efficiency of electric vehicle drivetrains under urban operating conditions
PublikacjaIn electric vehicles, as in hybrids vehicles, a very important factor affecting the energy efficiency of the powertrain is the ability to use the regenerative braking energy. Depending on the settings available in electric vehicles, the driver can choose different modes of operation: switch off the regenerative braking mode altogether, select the intensity of regenerative braking, or leave the control system in automatic mode....
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Isothermal Calorimetry and Compressive Strength Tests of Mortar Specimens for Determination of Apparent Activation Energy
PublikacjaThe hydration process of cementitious materials involves a thermally activated reaction that depends on the composition of the mixture and the curing temperature. The main parameter affecting the temperature variation of cast-in-place concrete is the apparent activation energy, which can be used for the efficient prediction of the temperature evolution and maturity index of hardening concrete. This paper discusses two methods to...
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Blade Section Prpfile Array Lifting Surface Design Method for Marine Screw Propeller Blade
PublikacjaThe lifting surface model is widely used in screw propeller design and analysis applications. It serves as a reliable tool for determination of the propeller blade mean line and pitch distribution. The main idea of this application was to determine the blade shape that would satisfy the kinematic boundary condition on its surface with the prescribed bound circulation distribution over it. In this paper a simplified lifting surface...
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Overflowing tests at the Polish DredgDikes research dike – stability of the dike surface against erosion
PublikacjaIn the project DredgDikes the different research dike embankments were tested with respect to overflowing water induced erosion. Therefore, flumes were installed on the land side embankments in which the effect of overflowing water on the vegetated surface was investigated. On the Polish DredgDikes research dike near Gdansk, Poland, two parallel flumes were installed and the surface of the dike made of different mixtures of...
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Wireless Local Area Network Technologies as Communication Solutions for Unmanned Surface Vehicles
PublikacjaAs the number of research activities and practical deployments of unmanned vehicles has shown a rapid growth, topics related to their communication with operator and external infrastructure became of high importance. As a result a trend of employing IP communication for this purpose is emerging and can be expected to bring significant advantages. However, its employment can be expected to be most effective using broadband communication...
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A modified method of vibration surveillance by using the optimal control at energy performance index
PublikacjaA method of vibration surveillance by using the optimal control at energy performance index has been creatively modified. The suggested original modification depends on consideration of direct relationship between the measured acceleration signal and the optimal control command. The paper presents the results of experiments and Hardware- in-the-loop simulations of a new active vibration reduction algorithm based on the energy...
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Energy storage device based on flywheel, power converters and Simulink real-time
PublikacjaThis electronic document is a “live” template and already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in its style sheet. Paper presents information on Energy Storage Device based on Flywheel and bi-directional IGBT Power Converters – designed for LINTE^2 laboratory owned by Gdansk University of Technology in Poland. Paper is divided into four sections. First section of the paper provides introductory information...
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Design analysis of ORC micro-turbines making use of thermal energy of oceans
PublikacjaThe article presents the results of the analysis of energy conversion cycles making use of thermal energy of oceans. The objects of analysis were two cases of closed Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power plants, which were: the cycle in which the vapour of the working medium was produced by warm oceanic water in the circum-equatorial zone, and the so-called “arctic” cycle in which this vapour was produced by non-frozen water in the circumpolar...
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Performance/energy aware optimization of parallel applications on GPUs under power capping
PublikacjaIn the paper we present an approach and results from application of the modern power capping mechanism available for NVIDIA GPUs to the bench- marks such as NAS Parallel Benchmarks BT, SP and LU as well as cublasgemm- benchmark which are widely used for assessment of high performance computing systems’ performance. Specifically, depending on the benchmarks, various power cap configurations are best for desired trade-off of performance...
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Powering the Future by Iron Sulfide Type Material (FexSy) Based Electrochemical Materials for Water Splitting and Energy Storage Applications: A Review
PublikacjaWater electrolysis is among the recent alternatives for generating clean fuels (hydrogen). It is an efficient way to produce pure hydrogen at a rapid pace with no unwanted by-products. Effective and cheap water-splitting electrocatalysts with enhanced activity, specificity, and stability are currently widely studied. In this regard, noble metal-free transition metal-based catalysts are of high interest. Iron sulfide (FeS) is one...
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Phonons at the Fe(110) Surface
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Spikes removal in surface measurement
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The surface photoconductivity in molecular layers
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono rezultaty analizy fotoprądów powierzchniowych w cienkich warstwach tetracenu i pentacenu. W szczególności badano wpływ obecności defektów strukturalnych w warstwach na charakterystyki fotoprądów i transport nośników ładunku.
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Surface properties of barley straw
PublikacjaWłaściwości powierzchniowe słomy jęczmiennej (Hordeum vulgare) odgrywają kluczową rolę w zastosowaniach przemysłowych, takich jak sorpcja rozlewów olejowych oraz oczyszczenie gleby. Zbadano niejednorodność chemiczną oraz morfologiczną liści i łodyg słomy jęczmiennej poprzez pomiar kątów zwilżania wodą oraz olejem oraz z zastosowaniem techniki FTIR, SEM oraz AFM.
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Smoothing of wood surface by burnishing
PublikacjaW artykule zaprezentowano rozwój bezwiórowych metod obróbki wykańczającej drewna. Przedstawiono wpływ nagniatania ślizgowego na chropowatość powierzchni drewna. Badania przeprowadzono na próbkach wykonanych z drzewa sosnowego toczonych i nagniatanych ślizgowo. Nagniatanie ślizgowe przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem nagniataka elastycznego o elemencie ślizgowym wykonanym z Karbonado. Wyniki odniesiono do głównych parametrów nagniatania...
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Dynamics of surface floating objects
PublikacjaPrezentowana praca stanowi wstępne rozeznanie w dziedzinie badań dynamiki konstrukcji pływających z zastosowaniem teorii procesu dyfuzji. W pracy rozpatrywane są modele fizyczne jednostek wielokadłubowych oraz modele matematyczne. Spośród modeli jednostek wielokadłubowych wyróżnia się modele deterministyczne oraz modele stochastyczne.
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Tyre/road noise reduction by a poroelastic road surface
PublikacjaLow noise road surfaces of existing types may in favourable cases and in new conditions provide up to 7 dB of noise reduction. For higher noise reductions, innovative solutions must be sought. Poroelastic road surfaces (PERS) may be such a solution, which currently is studied in the EU project PERSUADE. This paper presents results of trials with a PERS version prefabricated by one of the project partners. Tests were made in a laboratory...
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Low-energy positron scattering from gas-phase uracil
PublikacjaQuantum scattering calculations are presented for the interaction of low energy positrons with the uracil molecule, an important component of biological systems. The rotational elastic and inelastic cross sections and vibrational inelastic cross sections are reported and compared with existing experiments, indicating a general trend of the cross sections different from the experimental findings and in line with what should be expected...
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Review of hydrogen production technologies for automotive sector – thermodynamic analysis of energy and exergy losses
PublikacjaFew recent years has shown that hydrogen technology has a good chance to replace petroleum technology in automotive sector. However, hydrogen in pure form practically does not occur on Earth. That is why H2 form is used only as an energy carrier and it must be produced using another source of energy form water or hydrocarbon fuels. In this paper short overview of hydrogen production technology has been presented, with energy and...
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Energy conversion in systems-contained laser irradiated metallic nanoparticles - comparison of results from analytical solutions and numerical methods
PublikacjaThis work introduces the theoretical method of metallic nanoparticles’ (NPs’) heat and mass transfer where the particles are coated on a surface (base), together with considering the case wherein nanoparticles move freely in a pipe. In order to simulate the heat transfer, energy and radiative transfer equations are adjusted to the considered issue. NPs’ properties are determined following the nanofluidic theories, whereas absorption...
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FEM approach to estimate the behaviour of biocomposite metal-surface coating system
PublikacjaA three dimensional (3D) model of biocomposite metal-surface coating system, which is influenced byknown external forces, is proposed. This model consists of the metallic substrate (Ti6Al4V) and thehydroxyapatite (HA) coating. Using FEM (finite element method), strain-stress maps of model weregenerated for investigating relations between the extreme stress of HA coating and the magnitude ofexternal force and the thickness of the...
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Measurement system for nonlinear surface spectroscopy by atomic force microscopy for corrosion processes monitoring
PublikacjaIn addition to traditional imaging the surface, atomic force microscopy (AFM) enables wide variety of additional measurements. One of them is higher harmonic imaging. In tapping mode the nonlinear contact between tip and specimen results in higher frequency vibrations. More information available from the higher harmonics analysis proves to be helpful for more detailed imaging. Such visualization is especially useful for heterogeneous...