Filtry
wszystkich: 963
wybranych: 869
-
Katalog
- Publikacje 869 wyników po odfiltrowaniu
- Czasopisma 9 wyników po odfiltrowaniu
- Konferencje 4 wyników po odfiltrowaniu
- Osoby 22 wyników po odfiltrowaniu
- Projekty 1 wyników po odfiltrowaniu
- Kursy Online 21 wyników po odfiltrowaniu
- Wydarzenia 6 wyników po odfiltrowaniu
- Dane Badawcze 31 wyników po odfiltrowaniu
Filtry wybranego katalogu
Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: HYBRID DUMBRA
-
Spetiation of organic matter in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands
PublikacjaThe object of the research were VFCWs which are a component of biological treatment of two hybrid hydrophyte systems located in Wieszyno and Wiklino, close to Słupsk, Poland. The facilities that are subject to analyses are unified in terms of structure (filtration material, depth of the bed and time of operation), but they differ in organic matter load, amounting respectively to: 8.0 gCOD/m2day and 31.0 gCOD/m2day.The intensity...
-
Assessment of under power ed propulsion machinery in electrically driven small inland waterway passenger ships from classification society point of view
PublikacjaPaper presents short operat ional a nd engineering analysis of underpowered propulsion in small electrically propelled small inland passenger ships. There is evidence that in certain weather conditions the phenomena of added aerodynamic resistance of small water crafts may have seriou s influence on their speed and manoeuvrability. Existing regulations like class societies rules for ship classification and construction or EU Directive 2006/87/EC do...
-
Encapsulation of Cs3Bi2Br9 perovskite photocatalyst with polythiophene for prolonged activity in oxidizing and humid environment
PublikacjaDespite their growing popularity in modern technology, halide perovskites suffer from susceptibility to oxidation, limiting their applications. Our aim was to enhance Cs3Bi2Br9 perovskite's performance in humid environments through polythiophene encapsulation. This extended its lifespan while preserving photocatalytic abilities, as demonstrated in toluene decomposition experiments. We confirmed the stability of Cs3Bi2Br9 encapsulated...
-
Research and applications of active bearings: A state-of-the-art review
PublikacjaControllable/active bearings are mainly associated with active magnetic bearings (AMBs), whereas active bearing control is also found in many types of bearings, e.g. fluid, gas and hybrid bearings. The article presents a review of the literature describing the structure and results of studies of active bearings. Active control brings a number of benefits resulting in the fact that their use as a support for rotors becomes increasingly...
-
Diamond protection for reusable ZnO coated fiber-optic measurement head in optoelectrochemical investigation of bisphenol A
PublikacjaDue to the global problem with plastic contaminating the environment, with bisphenol A (BPA) being one of the highest demand, effective monitoring and purification of the pollutants are required. The electrochemical methods constitute a good solution but, due to polymerization of electrochemical oxidation bisphenol A products and their adsorption to the surfaces, measurement head elements are clogged by the formed film. In this...
-
Ultrafast degradation of brilliant cresyl blue under hydrodynamic cavitation based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs)
PublikacjaThe study highlights effectiveness of hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) in the degradation of effluents polluted by Brilliant Cresyl Blue (BCB) dye. Optimal process parameters were cavitation number 0.27, inlet pressure 1.70 bar, temperature 20 °C and pH 7. The efficiency of HC was investigated in combination with other advanced oxidation processes, including the addition of external oxidants (hydrogen peroxide, ozone, and sodium persulfate)...
-
Periodic and chaotic dynamics in a map‐based neuron model
PublikacjaMap-based neuron models are an important tool in modeling neural dynamics and sometimes can be considered as an alternative to usually computationally costlier models based on continuous or hybrid dynamical systems. However, due to their discrete nature, rigorous mathematical analysis might be challenging. We study a discrete model of neuronal dynamics introduced by Chialvo in 1995. In particular, we show that its reduced one-dimensional...
-
Merging Proline:Xylitol Eutectic Solvent in Crosslinked Chitosan Pervaporation Membranes for Enhanced Water Permeation in Dehydrating Ethanol
PublikacjaThe scope of this research aims at merging a new deep eutectic mixture (DES) into a biopolymer-based membrane for a pervaporation application in dehydrating ethanol. Herein, an L-proline:xylitol (at 5:1) eutectic mixture was successfully synthesized and blended with chitosan (CS). A complete characterization of the hybrid membranes, in terms of morphology, solvent uptake, and hydrophilicity, has been conducted. As part of their...
-
Analysis of the Possibilities of Applying 3D Print Methods for the Needs of Ship-Building Industry
PublikacjaArticle presents the analysis of applying additive and hybrid manufacturing methods and its impact on dynamic stiffness of prepared samples. Dynamic analysis of the handle bracket specimens consisted in plotting the resonance curves and using these curves to estimate the dynamic stiffness of elements produced with additive manufacturing technology. Authors focused especially on 3D print in Fused Deposiotion Modeling/Fused Filament...
-
Evaluation of electric fields influence on hydrotechnical constructions using STFT
PublikacjaZaprezentowano metodę detekcji pola elektrycznego z wykorzystaniem krótkoczasowej transformacji Fouriera (STFT). Ten rodzaj analizy umożliwia wyznaczenie zmian spektralnej gęstości mocy sygnału (np. potencjału konstrukcji) w funkcji czasu. Uzyskiwane spektrogramy są kompozycją prążków, określonych w dziedzinie czasu i częstotliwości. Dobra korelacja lokalizacji prążków na spektrogramie odpowiadającym generatorowi prądów błądzących...
-
Survivability issues in multilayer networks
PublikacjaW artykule rozważa się zagadnienia zabezpieczenia i odtwarzania w wielowarstwowych architekturach sieciowych w celu osiągnięcia określonego poziomu przeżywalności po awarii węzła lub łącza. Problem optymalizacji polega na znalezieniu dla każdej optycznej ścieżki aktywnej, przenoszącej dany strumień IP, węzłowo-rozłącznej optycznej ścieżki zabezpieczającej w taki sposób, by awaria pojedyńczego węzła lub łącza spowodowana atakiem...
-
Application of INAA in assesment of phosphatic fertilizer plant impact on the adjacent environment
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań przeprowadzonych na terenie GZNF "Fosfory" S.A. i wokół fabryki. Oznaczono szerokie spektrum pierwiastków w próbkach gleby, trawy, fosforytów, potrójnego superfosfatu, Amofoski i soli potasowej. Podjęto próbę oceny wpływu GZNF "Fosfory" na otaczające je środowisko. Badania przeprowadzono w ramach projektu UE "Fertilizers and Health" ICA2-CT-2000-10025, w którym brały udział: Holandia, Rosja, Uzbekistan,...
-
Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry study of urinary nucleosides as potential cancer markers
Publikacja -
How to model temporal changes in nontargeted metabolomics study? A Bayesian multilevel perspective
Publikacja -
Przegląd systemów ładowania elektrycznych osobowych pojazdów i koncepcja dwukierunkowej ładowarki pokładowej
PublikacjaAktualnie trwa intensywny rozwój pojazdów elektrycznych (EV) i hybrydowych typu plug-in (PHEV) z pokładowymi bateriami akumulatorów. Badania w tej dziedzinie skupiają się na maksymalizowaniu sprawności oraz minimalizowaniu masy i objętości systemów ładowania baterii. W artykule przedstawiono podział systemów ładowania osobowych pojazdów typu EV/PHEV. Opisano systemy ładowania przewodowego z podziałem na ładowarki pokładowe i zewnętrzne, systemy...
-
Schemat zastępczy i charakterystyki elektrodynamiczne mikrofalowego aplikatora plazmowego typu rezonator wnękowy
PublikacjaMikrofalowe aplikatory plazmowe wykorzystuje się między innymi do obróbki gazów, w tym do produkcji wodoru poprzez reforming węglowodorów. Omówiony aplikator plazmowy pracuje przy częstotliwości 2,45 GHz. Wyładowanie mikrofalowe powstaje w tym aplikatorze pod ciśnieniem atmosferycznym. Głównym elementem konstrukcyjnym aplikatora jest falowód o obniżonej wysokości, w którym zamontowano dwie elektrody w postaci prętów. Dość dobra...
-
Dziedzictwo techniki w rozwoju zrównoważonym
PublikacjaNa podstawie międzynarodowych dokumentów oraz ustawodawstwa polskiego omówiono pojęcie rozowju zrównoważonego w odniesieniu do zasobów dziedzictwa kultury. Przedstawiono metodykę zabytkoznawczej analizy wartościującej - waloryzacji technicznego dobra kultury. Wartości tworzą dwa zbiory: w. kulturalne: tożsamość społeczna, autentyczność, integralność, w. historyczna, w. artystyczna, unikatowość; w. społeczno-ekonomiczne: potencjał...
-
Mobing w prawie karnym oraz w prawie wykroczeń.
PublikacjaW niektórych przypadkach prześladowniu pracownika będzie towarzyszyć możliwość przypisania prześladowcy odpowiedzialności karnej.Tak będzie w sytuacjach gdy sprawca posłuzy się szczególnie drastycznymi środkami(przemoc,groźba,zniewaga),godząc w dobra tej rangi,co wolność,zdrowie,godność i cześć, czy elementarne prawa pracownicze.Jeżeli prześladowanie przybierze tak ostrego charakteru, iż uznać bedzie trzeba, że wypełnia ono ustawowe...
-
Therapeutic Potential of Multifunctional Tacrine Analogues
PublikacjaTacrine is a potent inhibitor of cholinesterases (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) that shows limiting clinical application by liver toxicity. In spite of this, analogues of tacrine are considered as a model inhibitor of cholinesterases in the therapy of Alzheimer’s disease. The interest in these compounds is mainly related to a high variety of their structure and biological properties. In the present review, we...
-
Model-based testing for execution algorithms in the simulation of cyber-physical systems
PublikacjaThe understanding of simulation semantics of a hybrid system is a challenge for computational engineers as it requires expertise in computer science, engineering, numerical methods, and mathematics at once. The testing methods for the execution of a simulation are being researched but not yet applied on the industrial level. Consequently, the semantics of the simulation becomes a critical artifact in the system development process....
-
Optimal spindle speed determination for vibration reduction during ball-end milling of flexible details
PublikacjaIn the paper a method of optimal spindle speed determination for vibration reduction during ball-end milling of flexible details is proposed. In order to reduce vibration level, an original procedure of the spindle speed optimisation, based on the Liao–Young criterion, is suggested. As the result, an optimal, constant spindle speed value is determined. For this purpose, on-stationary computational model of machining process is...
-
Reduction of road traffic noise by source measures — present and future strategies
PublikacjaThe current trend worldwide is less focused on reducing road traffic noise. This is in strong contrast to the severe impact of traffic noise to the general health and quality of life. A more holistic and combined strategy is needed. Current international rules and regulations regarding vehicles and tyres are not sufficient to reduce traffic noise levels in an effective way. Calculations show that these regulations will only yield...
-
A Model of Thermal Energy Storage According to the Convention of Bond Graphs (BG) and State Equations (SE)
PublikacjaThe main advantage of the use of the Bond Graphs method and State Equations for modeling energy systems with a complex structure (marine power plants, hybrid vehicles, etc.) is the ability to model the system components of different physical nature using identical theoretical basis. The paper presents a method of modeling thermal energy storage, which is in line with basic BG theory. Critical comments have been put forward concerning...
-
Multimodal analysis of traction forces and the temperature dynamics of living cells with a diamond-embedded substrate
PublikacjaCells and tissues are constantly exposed to chemical and physical signals that regulate physiological and pathological processes. This study explores the integration of two biophysical methods: traction force microscopy (TFM) and optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) to concurrently assess cellular traction forces and the local relative temperature. We present a novel elastic substrate with embedded nitrogen-vacancy microdiamonds...
-
Assessment of the impact of jet impingement technique on the energy efficiency of air-cooled BIPV/T roof tile
PublikacjaThe paper concerns a numerical analysis of cooling of the hybrid photovoltaic (PV) modules dedicated to Building-Integrated Photovoltaic/Thermal (BIPV/T) systems. Attention was focused on the photovoltaic roof tiles, using a jet impingement technique, in which the intensification of heat transfer is ensured by streams of air hitting the heat exchange partition. A series of numerical simulations were carried out to assess an influence...
-
Investigating COVID-19 active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) degradation using Peroxydisulfate/FeMnOx binary metal oxide/Ultrasound System
PublikacjaDegradation of Favipiravir using a hybrid system of peroxydisulfate, FeMnOx binary metal oxide, and ultrasound irradiation was studied. A novel catalyst was synthesized with deep eutectic solvent (DES). The effects of DES type on catalytic performance was evaluated and the catalysts were characterized using XRD, SEM, BET, XPS, and EDS. DES-based catalysts exhibited higher efficiency due to structure change, surface area enhancement...
-
The influence of the size of a one-faced metallic head in Janus nanoparticles as a co-catalyst on the photocatalytic efficiency of hydrogen evolution under vis light irradiation
PublikacjaJanus nanoparticles (NPs) consisting of MoOxSy nanospheres and silver (Ag) head, successfully developed by a simple, controlled method were in the first time they were applied as a co-catalysts in photocatalytic hydrogen generation reaction under vis light irradiation (λ > 420 nm). The MoOxSy-Ag as a co-catalysts were deposited on the obtained ZnIn2S4 microspheres (ZIS) using physical absorption method. The influence of the size...
-
Reducing common mode voltage and bearing currents in quasi - resonant DC - link inverter
PublikacjaIn the paper, a concept of separation of an inverter-fed induction motor drive from its mains supply by two transistor switches inserted in the dc-link circuit is reexamined based on the proposed parallel quasi-resonant dc-link inverter (PQRDCLI). The objective of the paper is to show an advantage of the proposed topology in limiting high frequency common mode voltage and bearing currents. In the laboratory setup, an induction...
-
Effect of double thermal and electrochemical oxidation on titanium alloys for medical applications
PublikacjaThe research focuses on the development and characterization of innovative thin hybrid oxide coatings obtained in subsequent processes of thermal (TO) and electrochemical (EO) oxidation. Four different surface modifications were investigated and the microstructure was determined, the mechanical, chemical and biological properties of the Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy were assessed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray dispersion analysis,...
-
Analysis of the regenerative braking process for the urban traffic conditions
PublikacjaIn a regular drive system, with an internal combustion engine, vehicle braking is connected with the unproductive dissipation of kinetic and potential energy accumulated in the mass of the vehicle into the environment. This energy can constitute up to 70% of the energy used to drive a vehicle under urban conditions. Its recovery and reuse is one of the basic advantages of hybrid and electric vehicles. Modern traffic management...
-
Tuning of the finesse coefficient of optoelectronic devices
PublikacjaOptoelectronic devices attracted considerable attention in many branches of science and technology, which can be attributed to their unique properties. Many of them use optical cavities which parameters can be adopted to specific requirements. This thesis investigates the introduction of diamond structures (nitrogen-doped diamond film, boron-doped diamond film, undoped diamond sheet) to optical cavities to tune their finesse coefficient....
-
Inverse modeling for fast design optimization of small-size rat-race couplers incorporating compact cells
PublikacjaIn the paper, a framework for computationally-efficient design optimization of compact rat-race couplers (RRCs) is discussed. A class of hybrid RRCs with variable operating conditions is investigated, whose size reduction is obtained by replacing ordinary transmission lines with compact microstrip resonant cells (CMRCs). Our approach employs a bottom-up design strategy leading to the development of compact RRCs through rapid design...
-
Four Degree-of-Freedom Hydrodynamic Maneuvering Model of a Small Azipod-Actuated Ship With Application to Onboard Decision Support Systems
PublikacjaThe main contribution of this paper is a numerical ship motion model of NTNU’s research vessel Gunnerus, capturing the surge, sway, roll, and yaw dynamics when sailing in uniform and steady currents. The model utilizes a crossflow drag formulation for the transverse viscous loads, and it includes a nonlinear formulation for the propulsion and steering loads provided by two azipod thrusters. A wide range of experimental data obtained...
-
Komunikacja marketingowa pomiędzy szkołą wyższą a studentami
PublikacjaW artykule poruszono problem komunikacji pomiędzy szkołą wyższą a jej najważniejszymi klientami, czyli studentami. Zwrócono uwagę, że dobra komunikacja jest jednym z najważniejszych elementów budujących relacje oraz, że niewystarczające jest obecnie wyłącznie tradycyjne postrzeganie komunikacji, zwłaszcza w przypadku tak nietypowych usług, jakimi są usługi edukacyjne szkół wyższych. Scharakteryzowane zostały trzy najważniejsze...
-
Optimization of Chemical Functionalities of Indole-2-carboxamides To Improve Allosteric Parameters for the Cannabinoid Receptor 1 (CB1)
Publikacja5-Chloro-3-ethyl-N-(4-(piperidin-1-yl)phenethyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxamide (1; ORG27569) is a prototypical allosteric modulator for the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1). Here, we reveal key structural requirements of indole-2-carboxamides for allosteric modulation of CB1: a critical chain length at the C3-position, an electron withdrawing group at the C5-position, the length of the linker between the amide bond and the phenyl ring...
-
The Effect of C45 Carbon Black-Phosphomolybdic Acid Nanocomposite on Hydrogenation and Corrosion Resistance of La2Ni9Co Hydrogen Storage Alloy
PublikacjaIn this paper, we analysed the influence of corrosion processes and the addition of a carbon black-heteropoly phosphomolybdic acid (C45-MPA) nanocomposite on the operating parameters of a hydride electrode obtained on the basis of the intermetallic compound La2Ni9Co. The electrochemical properties of negative electrodes for NiMH batteries were studied using galvanostatic charge/discharge curves, the potentiostatic method, and electrochemical...
-
Toksyczność ekosystemu. W: Rzeka Bug, zasoby wodne i przyrodnicze. Pod red.J. Dojlido, W. Kowalczewskiego, R. Miłaszewskiego, J. Ostrowskiego. Warsza- wa: IMGW, Wyż. Szk. Ekol. i Zarz.**2003 s. 352-361, 4 rys. 2 tab. bibliogr. 5 poz. Seria Atlasy i Monografie
PublikacjaOmówiono wyniki badań ekotoksykologicznych prowadzonych w ramach ''Projektupilotowego wdrożenia wytycznych monitoringu i oceny jakości wód transgrani-cznych w zlewni rzeki Bug w ramach Konwencji EKO/ONZ w ochronie i użytkowa-niu cieków transgranicznych i jezior międzynarodowych''. Badania dotyczyły o-ceny ekotoksykologicznej wód, osadów i ścieków w zlewni rzeki Bug. Badaniadowodzą, że jakość ekotoksykologiczna wód i osadów...
-
Formulation of the inverse problem in thermal tomography for burn diagnostics.
PublikacjaZdefiniowano zagadnienie odwrotne w analizie przepływów ciepła w strukturach biologicznych, którego rozwiązanie jest niezbędne w tomografii termicznej. Celem jest rekonstrukcja rozkładu właściwości cieplnych w strukturze geometrycznej badanych obiektów. Wektor decyzyjny może być zdefiniowany na podstawie wiedzy o badanym obiekcie. Można wybrać liczbę nieznanych parametrów modelu termicznego tego obiektu. Dla małej liczby niezbędna...
-
Miłość
PublikacjaMiłość Czymkolwiek jest - uczuciem dodającym skrzydeł, niszczącą siłą, miłością fizyczną, platoniczną, narcystyczną, do ludzi, do świata czy do „trzech pomarańczy” - bez jej inspiracji nie byłoby sztuki. Co prawda, teraz wystarczy kliknąć odpowiedni emotikon i już mamy obrazek miłości, wybieramy sobie emocje i przesłanie. Ale dzisiaj, w obliczu wojny i krzywdy wyrządzanej niewinnym, hasło „miłość” nie brzmi banalnie ani patetycznie,...
-
Pipeline System for Heat Transportation from Nuclear Power Plant – an Optimizing Approach
PublikacjaOver the last few years heat piping insulation technology and pump systems efficiency have been significantly improved. Reduced thermal losses encourage heat transportation over long distances. It provides an opportunity for increasing thermodynamic efficiency of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) that are often located in rural areas because of safety issues. It can be achieved by Combined Heat and Power (CHP) generation, as heat produced...
-
Algorytmy hybrydowe optymalizacji w zastosowaniu do problemu sterowania systemami dystrybucji wody
PublikacjaW pracy analizowany jest problem optymalizującego zintegrowanego sterowania ilością i jakością w systemach dystrybucji wody. Proponowane decyzje i sterowania powinny zapewniać optymalizację przyjętego wskaźnika jakości, przy spełnieniu ograniczeń właściwych tej klasie systemów. Ostatecznie do rozwiązania złożonych zadań optymalizacji dynamicznej zaproponowane zostało podejście hybrydowe, wspomagające predykcyjne algorytmy sterowania...
-
Informal Workplace Learning and Employee Development. Growing in the Organizational New Normal
PublikacjaThe new paradigm in employee development assumes that employees should proactively direct their learning and growth. Most workplace learning is basically informal and occurs through daily work routines, peer-to-peer interactions, networking, and typically brings about significant positive outcomes to both individuals and organizations. Yet, workplace learning always occurs in a pre-defined context and this context has recently...
-
Example of Using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm with Nelder–Mead Method for Flow Improvement in Axial Last Stage of Gas–Steam Turbine
PublikacjaThis article focuses principally on the comparison baseline and the optimized flow efficiency of the final stage of an axial turbine operating on a gas–steam mixture by applying a hybrid Nelder– Mead and the particle swarm optimization method. Optimization algorithms are combined with CFD calculations to determine the flowpaths and thermodynamic parameters. The working fluid in this study is a mixture of steam and gas produced...
-
Acceleration of Electromagnetic Simulations on Reconfigurable FPGA Card
PublikacjaIn this contribution, the hardware acceleration of electromagnetic simulations on the reconfigurable field-programmable-gate-array (FPGA) card is presented. In the developed implementation of scientific computations, the matrix-assembly phase of the method of moments (MoM) is accelerated on the Xilinx Alveo U200 card. The computational method involves discretization of the frequency-domain mixed potential integral equation using...
-
Life tests of a rotary single-stage magnetic-fluid seal for shipbuilding applications
PublikacjaUse of the magnetic fluid seal technology in water is much more difficult technological problem in comparisonto gas or vacuum environment. Some seals constructed up to time been are designed as hybrid, two stagesealing structures with shields or mechanical seals used as protection measures to the magnetic fluid seal.Anyway, there is always problem with immediate contact between magnetic fluid and the environmentalliquid. In the...
-
Zero-Pole Approach in Microwave Passive Circuit Design
PublikacjaIn this thesis, optimization strategies for design of microwave passive structures including filters, couplers, antenna and impedance transformer and construction of various surroogate models utilized to fasten the design proces have been discussed. Direct and hybrid optimization methodologies including space mapping and multilevel algorithms combined with various surrogate models at different levels of fidelity have been utilized...
-
Impact of dyes isomerization effect on the charge transfer phenomenon occurring on the dye/nanosemiconductor interface
PublikacjaThe present work aimed to find the answer how does the isomerization of the Ru based dyes affect the overall photon-to-current efficiency of the DSSCs and to explain the charge transfer phenomenon occurring on the dye/ nanosemiconductor interface. Therefore, electronic and optical properties of three bipyridine derivatives anchored on the TiO2 electrode were investigated by computational simulations based on quantum chemistry codes...
-
Design aspects of a low-cost prosthetic arm for people with severe movement disabilities
PublikacjaIn this paper the main aspects of mechanical design behind the low-cost prosthetic arm are presented. The fundamentals of a proper design has been defined to obtain functional 3D printed 5 degree of freedom (DOF) prosthesis. The designed prosthetic arm is a part of the hybrid interface with eye tracking movement control. The main focus was to create affordable but usable prosthesis which corresponds in size and weights to the human...
-
Numerical methodology for evaluation the combustion and emissions characteristics on WLTP in the light duty dual-fuel diesel vehicle
PublikacjaThe worldwide aim of reducing environmental impact from internal combustion engines bring more and more stringent emission regulations. In 2017 by EU has been adopted new harmonized test procedure called WLTP. In general terms this test was designed for determining the levels of harmful emissions and fuel consumption of traditional and hybrid cars. This procedure contains specific driving scenarios which representing reallife driving...
-
NEW DESIGNS OF MAGNETIC FLUID SEALS FOR RECIPROCATING MOTION
PublikacjaT he operating conditions of magnetic fluid seals during reciprocating motion are so different from those observed in rotating motion that the use of their conventional structures for reciprocating motion seals yields no good results. The analysis of the sealing mechanism of magnetic fluid seals in reciprocating motion shows that the operation of these seals is affected by the carry-over phenomenon and magnetic fluid...