Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: PPID
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Development of Strategies for AOB and NOB Competition Supported by Mathematical Modeling in Terms of Successful Deammonification Implementation for Energy-Efficient WWTPs
PublikacjaNovel technologies such as partial nitritation (PN) and partial denitritation (PDN) could be combined with the anammox-based process in order to alleviate energy input. The former combination, also noted as deammonification, has been intensively studied in a frame of lab and full-scale wastewater treatment in order to optimize operational costs and process efficiency. For the deammonification process, key functional microbes include...
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Review of Cybersecurity Assessment Methods: Applicability Perspective
PublikacjaCybersecurity assessments are crucial in building the assurance that vital cyberassets are effectively protected from threats. Multiple assessment methods have been proposed during the decades of the cybersecurity field. However, a systematic literature search described in this paper reveals that their reviews are practically missing. Thus, the primary objective of this research was to fulfil this gap by comprehensively identifying...
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Application of deep eutectic solvents for separation and determination of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants
PublikacjaThe medicinal plants industry, particularly in regard to products rich in biologically active substances for maintaining health, has grown by leaps and bounds in the last decade, with sales of over-the-counter drugs containing these substances growing by billions of dollars. Attention has thus also been paid to the safety and effectiveness of these medicines. We are currently witnessing a rapid increase in the number of publications...
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Basic sensitivity analysis of a telecommunication tower complementing standard reinforcement design process
PublikacjaThis paper presents straightforward sensitivity assessment of a telecommunication tower. The analysis is set toidentify the elements of the tower which may be reinforced with the greatest structural advantage. As current expertopin ions on structural redesign of similar structures due to a planned addition of extra loads are mainly based ondeterministic computations or engineering intuition,...
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Metal-Organic Framework (MOF)/Epoxy Coatings: A Review
PublikacjaEpoxy coatings are developing fast in order to meet the requirements of advanced materials and systems. Progress in nanomaterial science and technology has opened a new era of engineering for tailoring the bulk and surface properties of organic coatings, e.g., adhesion to the substrate, anti-corrosion, mechanical, flame-retardant, and self-healing characteristics. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a subclass of coordinative polymers...
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Partial Admission Stages of High Efficiency for a Microturbine
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of a design analysis of a micro-turbine for a co-generation micro-power plant working in accordance with organic Rankine cycle. The heat power of the plant is assumed equal to 20kW and the corresponding available electric output is estimated to be about 3kW. After the design analysis, the axial turbine with partial admission in all stages was built and tested experimentally. Special attention was...
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Nano-engineered diamond-based materials for supercapacitor electrodes: A review
PublikacjaOwing to the popularity of carbon-based supercapacitors, diamond has also been examined as a potential candidate with unique advantages such as a wide electrochemical potential window and stable capacitive behavior in both aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes. Moreover, its chemical stability in harsh environments at extreme applied potential and current provides rare opportunities for designing new supercapacitors. Owing to the...
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VOCs absorption from gas streams using deep eutectic solvents – A review
PublikacjaVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the most severe atmospheric pollutants. They are mainly emitted into the atmosphere from anthropogenic sources such as automobile exhaust, incomplete fuel combustion, and various industrial processes. VOCs not only cause hazards to human health or the environment but also adversely affect industrial installation components due to their specific properties, i.e., corrosive and reactivity....
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Experimental and theoretical study on high-temperature creep of VT6 titanium alloy under multi-axial loading conditions
PublikacjaIn the framework of damage mechanics, we discuss a new mathematical model that describes the kinetics of the stress–strain state and damage accumulation during material degradation by the mechanism of long-term strength under complex multiaxial stress state. An experimental and theoretical technique is proposed for determination of material parameters and scalar constitutive functions for damaged media based on specially set experiments...
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Wieloobszarowa rozmyta regulacja PIλDµ mocy reaktora jądrowego
PublikacjaWartykule przedstawiono wieloobszarowy regulator rozmyty z lokalnymi regulatorami PIλDµ niecałkowitego rzędu. Regulator ten ostał zaprojektowany do sterowania mocą reaktora jądrowego typu PWR (Pressurized Water Reactor). Do syntezy wieloobszarowego regulatora PIλDµ wykorzystano model matematyczny reaktora PWR o parametrach skupionych obejmujący procesy generacji i wymiany ciepła oraz efektów reaktywnościowych. Nastawy lokalnych...
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Wieloobszarowa rozmyta regulacja PIλDμ mocy reaktora jądrowego
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono wieloobszarowy regulator rozmyty z lokalnymi regulatorami PIλDμ niecałkowitego rzedu. Regulator ten został zaprojektowany do sterowania mocą reaktora jądrowego typu PWR (Pressurized Water Reactor). Do syntezy wieloobszarowego regulatora PIDμ wykorzystano model matematyczny reaktora PWR o parametrach skupionych obejmujący procesy generacji i wymiany ciepła oraz efektów reaktywnościowych. Nastawy lokalnych...
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Decision-Making Models of the Human-Operator as an Element of the Socio-Technical Systems
PublikacjaThe authors of the chapter proved that the fundamental intellectual processes, which lie on the basis of decision-making behavior of the human-operator, could be identified on the bases on the analogies with the devices (elements). The basic intellectual processes of the Rational decision-making models can be adequately identified by the transient processes of the PID-controller; the intellectual processes of the Bounded Rationality...
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Nieliniowa statyka 6-parametrowych powłok sprężysto plastycznych. Efektywne obliczenia MES
PublikacjaGłównym zagadnieniem omawianym w monografii jest sformułowanie sprężysto-plastycznego prawa konstytutywnego w nieliniowej 6-parametrowej teorii powłok. Wyróżnikiem tej teorii jest występujący w niej w naturalny sposób tzw. stopień 6 swobody, czyli owinięcie (drilling rotation). Podstawowe założenie pracy to przyjęcie płaskiego stanu naprężenia uogólnionego na ośrodek typu Cosseratów. Takie podejście stanowi oryginalny aspekt opracowania....
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An approach for the response of buildings subjected to impact load after soft-story failure due to earthquake excitation
Publikacjahe soft-story failure is one of the most typical types of damage observed in buildings during earthquakes. The failure of an intermediate soft story of a structure results in large impact loading acting on the lower floors due to the fall of the upper stories. The aim of the present paper is to study the behavior of the structural members exposed to such extreme load conditions occurring under ground motion excitation. Special...
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The convergence of gender wage differences - myth or fact - multi country multi sector analysis
PublikacjaThe Becker’s theory of discrimination predicts that in the long run the gender wage differences should disappear. In our empirical analysis we verify the testable implications of this mode considering the hypothesis of gender wage gap convergence. The study takes into account 31 sectors in 13 European countries for the period between 1970 and 2005. We distinguish between wages paid to different groups of workers classified according...
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Endocrine Disrupting Compounds – Problems and Challenges
PublikacjaIn this chapter, information about some of the estrogenic compounds and their environmental fate and biological influence can be found. Special attention is paid to the review of the analytical approaches used at the stages of detection and determination of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs) in the environmental samples. Also, a brief characterization of both cellular and non-cellular bioassays is presented. The discovery of...
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New Trends in Sample Preparation Techniques for the Analysis of the Residues of Pharmaceuticals in Environmental Samples
PublikacjaPharmaceutical residues in the environment is a field of special interest due to the adverse effects to either human health or aquatic and soil environment. Pharmaceuticals have been already detected in underground, surface and wastewaters, soils, manure and sediments. The growing awareness of environmental pollution arising from human activity forces the need for their comprehensive determination. Environmental samples are complex...
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The usefulness of birch saps from the area of Podkarpacie to produce birch syrup
PublikacjaIn northern European countries, as well as in North America tree saps of maples and birches are used for the production of syrups. Birch syrups are characterized by a specific aromatic taste and can be used as an addition to sweets, desserts, salads and meats. Attention is paid to the health benefits of birch syrups, mainly for high mineral content. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of birch saps obtained from...
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Non-destructive inspection of ground anchors using guided wave propagation
PublikacjaThis paper deals with numerical and experimental investigations of specific problems of guided wave propagation in ground anchors. The research focuses on recognizing the phenomenon of the energy transfer between anchor components. Particular attention is paid to characteristic features of guided waves propagating in free and embedded parts of the tendon, at the interface between the tendon and the surrounding anchor body as well...
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Issues related to noise and protection against noise against the background of hazards present in the working environment
PublikacjaNoise is one of the physical factors that poses the greatest threat in the working environment. In order to reduce the noise exposure, noise reduction at the source should be considered. Next, the engineering and administrative controls are being developed. Finally, hearing protectors are used. Issues related to protection against noise are part of the topics in the field of occupational...
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Speciation of heavy metal compounds in samples of biota from marine ecosystems
PublikacjaIt has become increasingly evident that the toxicity, mobility, bioavailability and bioaccumulation of metals are dependent on the particular physico-chemical form in which the element occurs in the environment. Special attention is paid to metals, which are essential for the proper functioning of organisms if present in appropriate amounts but are toxic if in excess (i.e. Se, Cr, Zn), and also to non-essential elements (i.e. Hg,...
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New achievements in the field of extraction of trace analytes from samples characterized by complex composition of the matrix
PublikacjaWithout any doubt, the monitoring of compounds present in samples at trace or ultra-trace level usually requires a preliminary step of isolation and/or enrichment of analytes due to the fact that majority of analytical techniques are not sensitive enough for direct determination of trace compounds. On the other hand, sample preparation is considered as crucial part of whole analytical procedures, in particular in samples characterized...
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Potential of novel atomic emission techniques as a tool for investigation of the possibilities of using industrial waste as additives in construction materials
PublikacjaNowadays, due to the global ecological crisis and ways to prevent a climate disaster, more and more attention is paid to green techno-logies and green Chemistry, which are part of the so-called “The Green Deal.” The main assumption is the optimization of the processes of producing necessary goods and the implementation of methods of managing postproduction waste in the least environmentally harmful manner. In the presented research,...
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Optimisation of turbine shaft heating process under steam turbine run-up conditions
PublikacjaAn important operational task for thermal turbines during run-up and run-down is to keep the stresses in the structural elements at a right level. This applies not only to their instantaneous values, but also to the impact of them on the engine lifetime. The turbine shaft is a particularly important element. The distribution of stresses depends on geometric characteristics of the shaft and its specific locations. This means a groove manufactured...
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On weak solutions of the boundary value problem within linear dilatational strain gradient elasticity for polyhedral Lipschitz domains
PublikacjaWe provide the proof of an existence and uniqueness theorem for weak solutions of the equilibrium problem in linear dilatational strain gradient elasticity for bodies occupying, in the reference configuration, Lipschitz domains with edges. The considered elastic model belongs to the class of so-called incomplete strain gradient continua whose potential energy density depends quadratically on linear strains and on the gradient of...
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New Challenges in Management and Economics in 21st century. Selected studies and examples
PublikacjaIn Chapter 1 authors describe the method used to assess the level of readiness of an organization to introduce the Lean Six Sigma concept supporting the Quality 4.0 assumptions, which is gaining more and more interest not only in large organizations, but also in the SME sector. Its use will be illustrated by the example of a small service company. Chapter 2 presents the characteristics of blockchain technology applications in the...
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Dynamic analysis of the railway bridge span under moving loads
PublikacjaThe first part of this paper provides a review of the state of knowledge of the dynamic behaviour of railway bridges under moving loads. Particular attention is paid to developments in modelling railway bridge loading and dynamic vehicle-span (structure) interaction. The most important aspects determining the advancements in this area of knowledge are identified. The contemporary techniques for defining bridge span finite element...
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Forecasting of railway track tamping based on settlement of sleepers using fuzzy logic
PublikacjaThe sleepers in a railway track transfer vertical, transverse and longitudinal loads to the track ballast and subgrade. The sleepers allow for keeping the distance between the rails constant. The thickness of ballast should be between 16 and 35 cm depending on the design standard of the track, and it should be densified where the ballast supports the sleeper. The exploitation causes contamination of the ballast, crushing the material...
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The need for new transport protocols on the INTERNET
PublikacjaThe TCP/IP protocol suite is widely used in IP networks, regardless of diverse environments and usage scenarios. Due to the fact of being the basic concept of organizing the work of the Internet, it is the subject of interest and constant analysis of operators, users, network researchers, and designers. The Internet is a "living" organism in which new needs appear all the time. This is particularly important due to the emerging...
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Chitosan-based electrospun nanofibers for encapsulating food bioactive ingredients: A review
PublikacjaToday, society has been more aware of healthy food products and related items containing bioactive compounds, which potentially contribute to human health. Unfortunately, the long-term stability and bioactivity of biologically active compounds against environmental factors compromise their target and effective action. In this way, lab-designed vehicles, such as nanoparticles and nanofibers, provide enough properties for their preservation...
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Experimental Investigations of Fracture Process Using DIC in Plain and Reinforced Concrete Beams under Bending
PublikacjaThe fracture behaviour of concrete and reinforced concrete beams under quasi-static three-point bending was comprehensively investigated with experiments at laboratory scale. The eight various concrete mixes were tested. The influence of the shape, volume and size of aggregate particles and reinforcement on concrete fracture under bending was studied. Displacements on the surface of concrete beams were measured by means of the...
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Analiza sterowania ułamkowego PIλDμ mocą reaktora jądrowego
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono syntezę regulatora PIλDμ niecałkowitego rzędu dla potrzeb sterowania mocą reaktora jądrowego lekko wodnego określanego, jako typu PWR (Pressurized Water Reactor). W tym celu wykorzystano nieliniowy model matematyczny reaktora PWR o parametrach skupionych obejmujący procesy generacji i wymiany ciepła oraz termicznych efektów reaktywnościowych. Nastawy regulatora PIλDμ niecałkowitego rzędu dobrano w sposób...
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Quadrotor Flight Controller Design Using Classical Tools
PublikacjaA principal aspect of quadrocopter in-flight operation is to maintain the required attitude of the craft’s frame, which is done either automatically in the so-called supervised flight mode or manually during man-operated flight mode. This paper deals with the problem of flight controller (logical) structure and algorithm design dedicated for the man-operated flight mode. The role of the controller is to stabilise the rotational...
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Hierarchiczny system sterowania dwukołowym balansującym pojazdem mobilnym
PublikacjaPojazdy mobilne są projektowane i rozwijane od kilkunastu lat. W artykule opisano dwukołowy balansujący pojazd mobilny. Zastosowane rozwiązania mechaniczne i elektroniczne są jego cechami charakterystycznymi. Ponadto sposób kierowania pojazdem jest nietypowy i polega na pochylaniu się w danym kierunku, a zmiany kierunku jazdy dokonuje się za pomocą drążka kierowniczego. W celu opracowania algorytmów sterowania koniecznym okazało...
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Determination of Odour Interactions of Three-Component Gas Mixtures Using an Electronic Nose
PublikacjaThe paper presents an application of an electronic nose prototype comprised of six TGS-type sensors and one PID-type sensor to identify odour interaction phenomena in odorous three-component mixtures. The investigation encompassed eight odorous mixtures—toluene-acetone-triethylamine and formaldehyde-butyric acid-pinene — characterized by different odour intensity and hedonic tone. A principal component regression (PCR) calibration...
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OCENA UZIEMIEŃ SŁUPÓW LINII ELEKTROENERGETYCZNYCH ZWŁASZCZA POSADOWIONYCH NA GRUNTACH O WYSOKIEJ REZYSTYWNOŚCI
PublikacjaW artykule została omówiona problematyka pomiaru i oceny właściwości uziemień słupów linii elektroenergetycznych z wykorzystaniem przebiegów wolno-i szybkozmiennych. Uzyskanie odpowiednio niskiej wartości rezystancji uziemienia słupa posadowionego na gruncie o rezystywności powyżej 1000Ωm może być trudne. Praca zawiera analizę zmian właściwości statycznych i udarowych uziemień w funkcji rezystywności...
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Metodyka projektowania i eksploatacji dróg szynowych z wykorzystaniem mobilnych pomiarów satelitarnych
PublikacjaW pracy zostały przedstawione aplikacyjne możliwości metody mobilnych pomiarów satelitarnych w projektowaniu i eksploatacji dróg szynowych. Pokazano wizualizację położenia toru kolejowego, omówiono sposoby oceny odcinków prostych toru i odcinków położonych w łuku oraz tworzenie poligonu kierunków głównych trasy. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono opracowanej analitycznej metodzie projektowania, omawiając jej algorytmy obliczeniowe: projektowania...
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Nonlinear Properties of Seawater as a Factor Determining Nonlinear Wave Propagation
PublikacjaTaking practical advantage of nonlinear acoustical interactions occurring in seawater [1, 2] requires knowledge of the parameter of nonlinearity B=A of this medium. The literature does not offer much reports on B=A parameter value for seawater. In the few papers concerning that address the issue, results concerning ocean waters with high salinity and at large depths are given [3], while studies concerning seawater with low salinity...
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Automatic Incident Detection at Intersections with Use of Telematics
PublikacjaWhile there are many examples of Intelligent Transport System deployments in Poland, more attention should be paid to traffic incident management and detection on dual-carriageways and urban street networks. One of the aims of CIVITAS DYN@MO, a European Union funded project, is to use TRISTAR (an Urban Transport Management System) detection modules to detect incidents at junctions equipped with traffic signals. First part of paper...
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Biomechanical testing of bioactive bone cements – a comparison of the impact of modifiers: antibiotics and nanometals
PublikacjaApart from its bone filler and fracture stabilizing function, bone cement can be used as a carrier of bioactive substances, and such modified bone cement can protect the implant against microorganisms, treat local infections and combat bacteria introduced during the surgical procedure. In this paper, the effects of modifying antibiotics and nanosilver on the biomechanical properties of bone cement were examined. The following tests...
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Switched-capacitor DC-DC converters in arbitrary switching mode - topologically derived resistive models based on incremental graph approach.
PublikacjaIn the preceding paper we reviewed some of modeling approaches aimed at systematic formulation and solution of switched capacitor DC-DC converters. In our review, special attention was paid to computationally efficient and mathematically elegant methods. In so doing we had tried to demonstrate the virtues of unified Incremental Graph (IG) approach. Incremental Graph is, in concept, a tool originally created for analysis and synthesis...
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Diagnostic Model of Crankshaft Seals
PublikacjaT he paper presents a research stand being a diagnostic model of radial lip seals used, among others, on crankshafts of piston combustion engines in order to identify the correctness of their operation. The possibility of determining the technical condition of lip seals on the basis of the proposed coefficient of correctness of operation has been described. T he basic features of seals influencing their correctness of...
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Current trends in analytical strategies for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in samples with different matrix compositions – Part 2: New approaches to PBDEs determination
PublikacjaHerein, we review the latest technical solutions for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) determination in samples with different matrix compositions, largely focusing on gas chromatography but also presenting some liquid chromatography–based solutions. Moreover, we discuss the use of diverse sample injection techniques while considering the advantages and disadvantages of each injection system in the context of PBDEs analysis....
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Influence of the air phase on water flow in dikes
PublikacjaNumerical models are often used to describe flow and deformation processes occurring in dikes during flood events. Modeling of such phenomena is a challenging task, due to the complexity of the system, consisting of three material phases: soil skeleton, pore water and pore air. Additional difficulties are transient loading caused by variable in time water levels, heterogeneity of the soil or air...
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Pedestrian safety management using the risk-based approach
PublikacjaThe paper presents a concept of a multi-level pedestrian safety management system. Three management levels are distinguished: strategic, tactical and operational. The basis for the proposed approach to pedestrian safety management is a risk-based method. In the approach the elements of behavioural and systemic theories were used, allowing for the development of a formalised and repeatable procedure integrating the phases of risk...
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Estimation of smokers' exposure to mercury from combustible tobacco products, based on the approach used in food consumers’ exposure estimation
PublikacjaSmoking has been known to mankind for centuries, but it is only in recent decades that much attention has been paid to the harmfulness of this habit. Mercury inhalation is particularly dangerous in this respect and smoking creates extremely favorable conditions for the emission and targeted delivery of this element into the lungs. Despite this fact, a lack of a clear method for estimating the exposure of tobacco consumers to mercury...
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Maritime traffic situation awareness analysis via high-fidelity ship imaging trajectory
PublikacjaSituation awareness provides crucial yet instant information to maritime traffic participants, and significant attentions are paid to implement traffic situation awareness task via various maritime data source (e.g., automatic identification system, maritime surveillance video, radar, etc.). The study aims to analyze traffic situation with the support of ship imaging trajectory. First, we employ the dark channel prior model to...
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Experimental Evaluation of ND: YAG Laser Parameters and Sample Preparation Methods for Texturing Thin AISI 316L Steel Samples
PublikacjaIn mechanical and material engineering, the effect of laser texturing depends on many factors besides device specification, primarily the properties of the materials being processed, and, secondly, the preparation of the sample. Laser texturing of thin (<5 mm) samples is mostly performed utilizing short-pulse lasers, but depending on the power of the laser beam, the process can also be performed by using continuous operation lasers....
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Orientation-aware ship detection via a rotation feature decoupling supported deep learning approach
PublikacjaShip imaging position plays an important role in visual navigation, and thus significant focuses have been paid to accurately extract ship imaging positions in maritime videos. Previous studies are mainly conducted in the horizontal ship detection manner from maritime image sequences. This can lead to unsatisfied ship detection performance due to that some background pixels maybe wrongly identified as ship contours. To address...
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Escherichia coli K-12 suppressor-free mutants lacking early glycosyltransferases and late acyltransferases. Minimal lipopolysaccharide structure and induction of envelope stress response.
PublikacjaTo elucidate the minimal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structure needed for the viability of Escherichia coli, suppressor-free strains lacking either the 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid transferase waaA gene or derivatives of the heptosyltransferase I waaC deletion with lack of one or all late acyltransferases (lpxL/M/P) and/or various outer membrane biogenesis factors were constructed. Δ(waaC lpxL lpxM lpxP) and waaA mutants exhibited...