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Search results for: CARRIER TRAP DISTRIBUTION
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Distribution of roughness and waviness components of turned surface profiles
PublicationThe paper presents a spectral formulation of surface profile irregularity in a wideband frequency range for roughness, waviness and shape components along the measured length. A unique distribution of roughness and waviness components is proposed, according to the nature of their origination in the course of machining with tools of defined cutting edge, as distinct from standard filtration in measurements of surface irregularities....
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Analysis of luminance distribution uniformity in CAVE-type virtual reality systems
PublicationIn recent years, many scientific and industrial centers in the world developed a virtual reality systems or laboratories. The effect of user “immersion” into virtual reality in such systems is largely dependent of optical properties of the system. In this paper, problems of luminance distribution uniformity in CAVE-type virtual reality systems are analyzed. For better characterization of CAVE luminance nonuniformity corner and...
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Influence of Wastewater Treatment Technology on Particle Size Distribution in the Effluent
PublicationSuspended solids in water and wastewater usually carry quite a large load of pollutants (organic substances, nutrients, heavy metals, etc.) adsorbed on the particles surface. Particles of different sizes carry different types and quantities of pollutants. Therefore, particle size distribution is of importance in waster and wastewater treatment. In the article the influence of different treatment technologies on particle size distribution...
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Luminance Distribution Measurements in CAVE-Type Virtual Reality Systems
PublicationIn this article, the immerse 3D visualization lab just opened at the Gdańsk University of Technology is presented. The effect of user “immersion,” it such virtual reality systems, is largely dependent on the optical properties of projected images. Luminance distribution of screens was measured and the luminance uniformity was determined and discussed.
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INFLUENCE OF WRONGLY ASSUMED PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION ON THE UNCERTAINTY OF RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT BY TECHNICAL METHOD
PublicationThe paper presents studies on the influence of probability distributions on the expanded uncertainty of the resistance measurement. Choosing the correct probability distribution is very important to estimate of measurement uncertainty. The most commonly used distribution is the rectangular distribution. The paper presents the results of analysis of the resistance measurement uncertainty using the technical method of two resistances:...
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Modelling of the Heat Flux Density Distribution for Laser Beam Welding
PublicationGreat interest of the laser beam welding in industry is a new theoretical task, making planning the welding procedure specification and the quality control of welded joints easier. Estimating and calculating the dimensions of a weld pool and temperature distribution near weld mainly concern heat source modelling. In the presented work calculations of welding pool shape and thermal field for cylindrical-powered-normally model of...
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Numerical simulation of temperature distribution of heat flow on reservoir tanks connected in a series
PublicationThe flow of temperature distribution through a medium in thermodynamic studies plays an important role in understanding physical phenomena in chemical science and petroleum engineering, while temperature distribution indicates the degree of reaction that must be undergone to obtain the final product. Therefore, this paper aims to present and apply the exponential matrix algorithm (EMA), differential transformation algorithm (DTA),...
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DISTRIBUTION OF FLOWS IN A CHANNEL NETWORK UNDER STEADY FLOW CONDITIONS
PublicationThe article presents an algorithm for calculating the distribution of flow in a junction of open channel network under steady flow conditions. The article presents a simplified calculation algorithm used to estimate the distribution of flow in a network of channels under steady flow conditions. The presented algorithm is based on the continuity equation and a simplified energy equation. To describe the relationship between the...
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Simulation of Residence Time Distribution and Mixing in Reactors with Recirculation Using 2D Approach
PublicationIn this paper, we propose a 2D approach in order to create a mathematical model for the determination of the residence time distribution for a flow reactor with recirculation. Apart from characterizing the functional residence time distribution, this model can help improve the operation of the reactor at the design stage. The mathematical model was validated by comparison with experiments carried out in a hydraulic laboratory.
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Measurement and visualization of sound intensity vector distribution in proximity of acoustic diffusers
PublicationIn this work, we would like to present analyses and visualizations of sound intensity distribution measured in proximity of an acoustic diffuser. Such distribution may be used for estimation of basic acoustic parameters of a diffuser. Measurement is performed with the use of a logarithmic sine sweep which allows for the analysis of waves scattered by the diffuser and rejecting the direct sound signal component. Pressure and sound...
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A Paradigm for HV, MV, LV Distribution Grid Development Planning
PublicationIn the literature, including that relating to businesses in the energy (and power) sector, the concept of these organizations’ operating paradigm may be found. The paper discusses the concept of the paradigm, with a focus on the power grid development planning paradigm. Against this background, issues related to energy security and power systems development trends and problems are presented. A new paradigm is proposed for distribution...
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Protection and viability of fruit seeds oils by nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) nanosuspensions
PublicationIn this paper, we focused on the development of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for dermal application. The NLC matrix was designed as a protective reservoir of biological active compounds that naturally occur in domestic fruit seed oils. Over the years, emulsions, as a popular physicochemical form of personal care products, were refined in order to obtain the best possible penetration into the skin of any bioactive compound...
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Lanthanide ions (Eu3+, Er3+, Pr3+) as luminescence and charge carrier centers in Sr2TiO4
PublicationA series of strontium orthotitanate (Sr2TiO4) samples doped with 2% of a mole of europium, praseodymium, and erbium were obtained using the solid-state synthesis method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique confirms the phase purity of all samples and the lack of the influence of dopants at a given concentration on the structure of materials. The optical properties indicate, in the case of Sr2TiO4:Eu3+, two independent emission...
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Exactly solvable model of two interacting Rydberg-dressed atoms confined in a two-dimensional harmonic trap
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Proposal of a method for effective tasks distribution in the execution of compolex problems
PublicationAn access to a great number of various services allows for decomposition of complex problems into smaller and less complex tasks. Those tasks can be presented in a form of a dependency graph. This paper shows an idea of executing such a problem using cooperating autonomous agents. Main focus of this work is cooperation covering effective tasks distribution among executors. This paper presents an algorithm for dynamic executor selection...
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Estimating the parameter of inequality aversion on the basis of a parametric distribution of incomes
PublicationResearch background: In applied welfare economics, the constant relative inequality aversion function is routinely used as the model of a social decisionmaker’s or a society’s preferences over income distributions. This function is entirely determined by the parameter, ε, of inequality aversion. However, there is no authoritative answer to the question of what the range of ε an analyst should select for empirical work. Purpose...
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Design and distribution of air nozzles in the biomass boiler assembly
PublicationDue to energy crisis as well as increasing pollution of the environment, renewable energy sources usage increases all over the world. These facts encouraged authors to start research over developing a uniform biomass boiler calculation model. This paper presents a design of biomass boiler assembly created for ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) unit since these systems could achieve strong position in energy industry....
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Diversity and distribution of Tardigrada in Arctic cryoconite holes
PublicationDespite the fact that glaciers and ice sheets have been monitored for more than a century, knowledge on the glacial biota remains poor. Cryoconite holes are water-filled reservoirs on a glacier’s surface and one of the most extreme ecosystems for microinvertebrates. Tardigrada, also known as water bears, are a common inhabitant of cryoconite holes. In this paper we present novel data on the morphology, diversity, distribution and...
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Probability distribution of flicker noise in AuNPdecorated graphene–Si Schottky barrier diode
PublicationWe present results of the probability distribution analysis of flicker noise generated in Au nanoparticle (AuNP) decorated graphene–Si Schottky barrier diodes with and without yellow light illumination (592 nm), close to the localized surface plasmon resonance in the AuNPs (586 nm). The AuNPs occupy imperfections in the single-layer graphene and reduce the flicker noise intensity generated in the graphene layer. The estimated probability...
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On the Limiting distribution of Lempel Ziv'78 Redundancy for Memoryles Sources
PublicationWe show that the Lempel Ziv'78 redundancy rate tends to a Gaussian distribution for memoryless sources. We accomplish it by extending findings from our 1995 paper [3]. We present a new simplified proof of the Central Limit Theorem for the number of phrases in the LZ'78 algorithm. As in our 1995 paper, here we first analyze the asymptotic behavior of the total path length in a digital search tree (a DST) built from independent sequences....
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The impact of the distribution network reconfiguration on active power losses: Selected issues of UPGRID project realization
PublicationThe dynamic development of smart grids allows the use of remote controllable switches to change the configuration of the distribution network. The paper discusses the impact of the distribution system reconfiguration on active power losses, taking into account the typical daily load profiles. Based on modified IEEE 33-bus test distribution system the article presents the method of selection the appropriate sensitivity factor and...
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Qualitative Indicators Used to Select the Placement and Parameters of Energy Storage Installed in the Distribution Network
PublicationThe technology related to energy storage has developed in recent years. Continuous improvement of the solutions available on the market resulted in wider usability of energy storage. They are also increasingly used in a distribution network. This study contains a synthesised description of physical features of the energy storage used in distribution networks. Several criteria of algorithms used to determine the placement and...
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Two-electron entanglement in a two-dimensional isotropic harmonic trap: Radial correlation effects in the low density limit
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Bacterial cellulose as a support for yeast immobilization – Correlation between carrier properties and process efficiency
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Potential of Biocellulose Carrier Impregnated with Essential Oils to Fight Against Biofilms Formed on Hydroxyapatite
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Opportunistic tri-band carrier aggregation in licensed spectrum for multi-operator 5G hetnet
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Exploration of optical fibres as a carrier for new benzene and toluene matrix-free reference materials
PublicationTo meet high expectations concerning precision and accuracy of reference materials, preparation of matrixfree reference materials using thermal decomposition-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) was proposed in this study. In the paper, the results obtained in preparation of the new reference materials for benzene and toluene are presented, based on the thermal decomposition technique of compounds chemically bound to...
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The 4th Generation of CeSFaMB in numerical simulations for CuO-based oxygen carrier in CLC system
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Modulated photocurrents in a sandwich-cell structure: II. Influence of biasillumination intensity and carrier diffusion
PublicationPodano przybliżone wyrażenia opisujące modulowane fotoprądy (na podstawiemodelu wielokrotnego pułapkowania) w uwzględnieniem czynników wymienionych wtytule. Zbadano numerycznie ich wpływ na modulowane fotoprądy dla modelowychrozkładów pułapek. Otrzymano wzór - kryterium zaniedbania wpływu dyfuzji nafotoprądy.
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Multi-nodal PWR reactor model — Methodology proposition for power distribution coefficients calculation
PublicationIn the paper the multi-nodal Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) model called Mann’s model is presented. This models is used for modelling purposes of the heat transfer from fuel to coolant in reactor core. The authors expand widely used in literature approach by defining additional coefficients for the heat transfer model. These parameters approximate the power generation distribution in the PWR reactor core according to the to the...
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Electricity Supplier Switching Process in Poland – a Process Based on the General Distribution Agreement
PublicationPoland, as a Member State of the European Union, is committed to respect the common rules on the electricity market, among other things. One of the most important examples of these regulations is the perception of energy as a commodity subject to competitive market mechanisms. Competitive processes introduced in the national electricity market enable energy consumers, i.a., choice of electricity supplier under the TPA formula....
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On the Limiting Distribution of Lempel-Ziv’78 Redundancy for Memoryless Sources
PublicationWe study the Lempel-Ziv'78 algorithm and show that its (normalized) redundancy rate tends to a Gaussian distribution for memoryless sources. We accomplish it by extending findings from our 1995 paper, in particular, by presenting a new simplified proof of the central limit theorem (CLT) for the number of phrases in the LZ'78 algorithm. We first analyze the asymptotic behavior of the total path length in the associated digital search...
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The estimation of fish lenght distribution from its acoustical measures
PublicationThe paper concerns the problem of estimating fish length PDF from its target strength PDF obtained from acoustic surveys. It has been shown that the target strength of single fish can be treated in the first approximation as a finction of two variables: one, which depends on fish size and the other, which depends on its angular orientation (aspect). Extending this simplified relationship to the case of fish populations allows to...
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Influence of plastic deformation on stray magnetic field distribution of soft magnetic steel sample
PublicationThe effect of various combinations of conditions, i.e., presence of the Earth’s magnetic field during and after deformation on the distribution of stray magnetic field of S355 steel sample, which is locally deformed, was investigated. Some of the stages of the experiment were carried out in zero magnetic field. Compensation of the Earth’s magnetic field was obtained by the application of a pair of Helmholtz coils. These coils are...
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Impact of R/X ratio of distribution network on selection and control of energy storage units
PublicationThe interest in energy storage is still increasing. Energy storage units are installed in high voltage networks, medium voltage networks and low voltage distribution networks as well. These units are often used to improve power quality. One of the criteria for improving power quality is reducing voltage deviations. Depending on the type of network and specifying its R/X ratio, this criterion can be fulfilled by control of active...
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Measurement of the Temporal and Spatial Temperature Distribution on the Surface of PVCP Tissue Phantom Illuminated by Laser Dataset
PublicationThe dataset entitled Measurement of the temporal and spatial temperature distribution on the surface of PVCP tissue phantom illuminated by laser was obtained with a laboratory set-up for characterisation of the thermal properties of optical tissue phantoms during laser irradiation. The dataset contains a single image file representing the spatial temperature distribution on the surface of a PVCP tissue phantom. This thermal image...
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Power Electronics Building Blocks for implementing Smart MV/LV Distribution Transformers for Smart Grid
PublicationWith an observed increase in the involvement of active consumers in activities aimed at improving energy efficiency and increasing interest in producing energy from renewable sources, there is a need for the development of new technologies enabling the distribution network operators to offer new services and functionalities. Smart MV/LV distribution transformers are characterized by a compact three-stage design, including an...
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Studies on the charge density distribution in p-substituted phenylnitrenium cation
PublicationAniline and its derivatives are known to be mutagenic. This activity is caused by the formation of phenylnitrenium cations during aniline oxidation. Reactivity of the positively charged chemical species can be measured by means of s+ substituent constant. In this paper charge density distribution in p-substituted nitrenium cations and reactivity indices such as, hardness η, electronegativity χ , and electrophilicily ω were analyzed....
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Size-exclusion chromatography for the determination of the boiling point distribution of high-boiling petroleum fractions
PublicationThe paper describes a new procedure for the determination of boiling point distribution of high-boiling petroleum fractions using size exclusion chromatography with refractive index detector. Thus far, the determination of boiling range distribution by chromatography has been accomplished using simulated distillation with gas chromatography with the flame ionization detection. This study revealed that in spite of substantial differences...
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Determination of stepped plate thickness distribution using guided waves and compressed sensing approach
PublicationGuided waves recently have attracted significant interest as a very promising research area. The signals registered by a specially designed sensor network are processed to assess the state of the tested structure. Despite the constant development of novel damage detection algorithms employing guided waves, the phenomenon of wave propagation still needs detailed recognizing and understanding for the further progress of non-destructive...
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Comment on “Entanglement of two interacting bosons in a two-dimensional isotropic harmonic trap” [Phys. Lett. A 373 (2009) 3833]
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Device-independent quantum key distribution based on measurement inputs
PublicationWe provide an analysis of a family of device-independent quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols that has the following features. (a) The bits used for the secret key do not come from the results of the measurements on an entangled state but from the choices of settings. (b) Instead of a single security parameter (a violation of some Bell inequality) a set of them is used to estimate the level of trust in the secrecy of the key....
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Significant enhancement of citric acid production by Yarrowia lipolytica immobilized in bacterial cellulose-based carrier
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Novel and effective synthesis protocol of AgNPs functionalized using L-cysteine as a potential drug carrier
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Small signal admittance spectroscopy applied for extraction of charge carrier mobility in thin organic layers
PublicationPraca przedstawia nowy sposób wyznaczania ruchliwości nośników ładunku w cienkich warstwach organicznych w oparciu o pomiary widm małosygnałowej admitancji.
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Distribution Transformer with Multi-Zone Voltage Regulation for Smart Grid System Application
PublicationThe article presents four concepts of the multi-zone voltage regulation (MZVR) system. It is a combination of a distribution transformer with an on-load tap-changer, for step voltage regulation, and a power electronic converter, dimensioned for a fraction of MZVR power, realizing continuous voltage regulation, supplemented by a special switch, the so-called bypass. This allows voltage regulation at high resolution, wide range and...
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Distribution of relaxation times as a method of separation and identification of complex processes measured by impedance spectroscopy
PublicationImpedance spectroscopy is one of the most commonly performed measurements to characterize electronic and electrochemical systems. Impedance spectra have limited resolution and many different processes may overlap what could be the reason of obstructions in its proper later analysis. Up to date, there are three approaches to solve this problem: examining impedance spectra itself, fitting spectra with equivalent circuits, and calculating...
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Quality Model for Integrated Security Monitoring and Control in Water Distribution Systems
PublicationThis article addresses the problem of drinking water distribution system (DWDS) security in the terms of water quality which in the era of terrorist threat is of high importance to the public. The contribution of this paper is the development of the so called security module to extend a multi-species water quality model. This gives an insight to the situation in DWDS not only under normal operational conditions but also in case...
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Implementation of integrated control In drinking water distribution systems - IT system proposal
PublicationImplementation of integrated control algorithms requires suitable hardware and software platforms. Proposed solution must allow realizing control and monitoring tasks, while ensuring high reliability and security of processed data. Additionally, the software and hardware solutions must be immune to outside influence. This paper presents an approach to implementation of control systems in drinking water distribution system. Presented...
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Selection of optimal location and rated power of capacitor banks in distribution network using genetic algorithm
PublicationIn this paper, the problem of placement and rated power of capacitor banks in the Distribution Network (DN) is considered. We try to suggest the best places for installing capacitor banks and define their reactive power. The considered formulation requires the optimization of the cost of two different objectives. Therefore the use of properly multiobjective heuristic optimization methods is desirable. To solve this problem we use...