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Search results for: electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (espar) antenna , direction-of-arrival (doa) , doa system calibration , received signal strength (rss) , wireless sensor network (wsn)
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Time window based features extraction from temperature modulated gas sensors for prediction of ammonia concentration
PublicationElectronic gas recognition systems, in literature commonly referred as electronic noses, enable the recognition of a type and a concentration of various volatile compounds. Typical electronic gas-analyzing device consists of four main elements, namely, gas delivery subsystem, an array of gas sensors, data acquisition and power supply circuits and data analysis software. The commercially available metal-oxide TGS sensors are widely...
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Distortion of speech signals in the listening area: its mechanism and measurements
PublicationThe paper deals with a problem of the influence of the number and distribution of loudspeakers in speech reinforcement systems on the quality of publicly addressed voice messages, namely on speech intelligibility in the listening area. Linear superposition of time-shifted broadband waves of a same form and slightly different magnitudes that reach a listener from numerous coherent sources, is accompanied by interference effects...
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Study of probe signal bandwidth influence on estimation of coherence bandwidth for underwater acoustic communication channel
PublicationA signal transmitted in a shallow Underwater Acoustic Communication (UAC) channel suffers from time dispersion due to the multipath propagation and the refraction phenomena. This causes intersymbol interference of the received signal and frequency-selective fading observed in its spectrum. Coherence bandwidth is one of the key transmission parameters used for designing the physical layer of a data transmission system to minimise...
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Enhanced-Performance Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna with Polarization/Pattern Diversity
PublicationDesign of a compact wideband circularly polarized (CP) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with polarization diversity is proposed and characterized for off-body communication. The antenna is based on a simple coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed monopole extension of the microstrip line. The orthogonal field components required by CP are induced using a simply modified right/left side ground plane. In particular, a stub extending...
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Impact of surface skin temperature change on blood flow characteristics in palm
PublicationHeating a human palm during 3 minutes period causes changes in superficial skin temperature and leads to thermoregulation system response. The response time and level of flow characteristics change depend on the subject hand size and health of his vascular tree. A solution of Pennes bioheat propagation model was analyzed in order to see how much heat has to be transferred into the tissue to extort the observable reaction. The reflective...
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The computational methods in the development of a novel multianalyte calibration technique for potentiometric integrated sensors systems
PublicationIn recent years, integration and miniaturization of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) have brought many benefits resulting in the possibility of simultaneous determination of the ions concentration in small volume samples. One of the key problems related to the preparation of potentiometric integrated sensors systems (PISSs) is a calibration procedure due to the necessity to calibrate each particular sensor separately. The main aim...
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A compact spline-enhanced monopole antenna for broadband/multi-band and beyond UWB applications
PublicationIn this work, a compact monopole antenna for broadband/multi-band and beyond ultra- wideband (UWB) communication has been proposed. The structure is based on a spline-enhanced radiator with a broadband feed and a modified ground plane. Rigorous design optimization of the radiator has been performed in a two-stage framework where optimization of the structure with respect to electrical performance is followed by explicit miniaturization...
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Embedded system using Bluetooth Low Energy sensors for smart farming applications
PublicationThe main goal of this Bachelor of Engineering project titled Embedded system using Bluetooth Low Energy sensors for smart farming applications is to create a prototype of a system consistent with Agriculture 4.0 concept using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology. Developed solution shall be easy in implementation and its main functionality shall be periodic gathering of data from environmental sensors...
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Expedited design of microstrip antenna subarrays using surrogate-based optimization
PublicationComputationally efficient simulation-driven design of microstrip antenna subarrays is presented. The proposed design approach aims at simultaneous adjustment of all relevant geometry parameters of the subarray, which allows us to take into account the effect of the feeding network on the subarray radiation pattern (in particular, the side lobe level, SLL). In order to handle a large number of variables involved in the design process,...
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A Reputation Scheme to Discourage Selfish QoS Manipulation in Two-Hop Wireless Relay Networks
PublicationIn wireless networks, stations can improve their received quality of service (QoS) by handling packets of source flows with higher priority. Additionally, in cooperative relay networks, the relays can handle transit flows with lower priority. We use game theory to model a two-hop relay network where each of the two involved stations can commit such selfish QoS manipulation. We design and evaluate a reputation-based incentive scheme...
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Cost-efficient design optimization of compact patch antennas with improved bandwidth
PublicationIn this letter, a surrogate-assisted optimization procedure for fast design of compact patch antennas with enhanced bandwidth is presented. The procedure aims at addressing a fundamental challenge of the design of antenna structures with complex topologies, which is simultaneous adjustment of numerous geometry parameters. The latter is necessary in order to find a truly optimum design and cannot be executed-at the level of high-fidelity...
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A Biofeedback System that Uses the Game to Study Electrical Muscle Activity
PublicationThe aim of this project was to design a system that will allow performing repetitive muscle exercises using a biofeedback device. It is supposed to enhance the motivation and attractiveness of the performed tasks thanks to an interactive game developed for mobile devices with the Android operating system. The built-in calibration mechanisms enable the users to play a game that is independent of their abilities which evens out the...
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Field Calibration of Low-Cost Particulate Matter Sensors Using Artificial Neural Networks and Affine Response Correction
PublicationDue to detrimental effects of atmospheric particulate matter (PM), its accurate monitoring is of paramount importance, especially in densely populated urban areas. However, precise measurement of PM levels requires expensive and sophisticated equipment. Although low-cost alternatives are gaining popularity, their reliability is questionable, attributed to sensitivity to environmental conditions, inherent instability, and manufacturing...
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Efficient Calibration of Cost-Efficient Particulate Matter Sensors Using Machine Learning and Time-Series Alignment
PublicationAtmospheric particulate matter (PM) poses a significant threat to human health, infiltrating the lungs and brain and leading to severe issues such as heart and lung diseases, cancer, and premature death. The main sources of PM pollution are vehicular and industrial emissions, construction and agricultural activities, and natural phenomena such as wildfires. Research underscores the absence of a safe threshold for particulate exposure,...
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Badanie i analiza efektywności alokacji strumieni danych w heterogenicznej sieci WBAN
PublicationW niniejszej dysertacji doktorskiej poddano dyskusji efektywność alokacji strumieni danych w heterogenicznej radiowej sieci WBAN (Wireless Body Area Networks). Biorąc pod uwagę dynamiczny rozwój nowoczesnych sieci radiokomunikacyjnych piątej generacji (5G), którego część stanowią radiowe sieci działające w obrębie ciała człowieka, bardzo ważnym aspektem są metody maksymalizujące wykorzystanie dostępnych zasobów czasowo –częstotliwościowych...
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Estimating Traffic Intensity Employing Passive Acoustic Radar and Enhanced Microwave Doppler Radar Sensor
PublicationInnovative road signs that can autonomously display the speed limit in cases where the trac situation requires it are under development. The autonomous road sign contains many types of sensors, of which the subject of interest in this article is the Doppler sensor that we have improved and the constructed and calibrated acoustic probe. An algorithm for performing vehicle detection and tracking, as well as vehicle speed measurement,...
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Processing data on sea bottom structure obtained by means of the parametric sounding
PublicationThe aim of the paper is to analyze data obtained during sounding the Gdansk Bay sea bed by means of the parametric echo-sounder. The accuracy of the sea bottom structure investigation needs correct configuration of research equipment and proper calibration of peripheral devices (GPS, heading sensor, MRU-Z motion sensor and navigation instruments which provide necessary data to bathymetrical measurement system, enabling its work...
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Processing data on sea bottom structure obtained by means of the parametric sounding
PublicationThe aim of the paper is to analyze data obtain during sounding of the Gdansk Bay by means of the parametric sonar. The accuracy of the sea bottom structure investigation needs the correct configuration of research equipment and the proper calibration of peripheral devices (GPS, heading sensor, motion sensor MRU-Z and navigation units) which provide necessary data to bathymetrical measurement system enabling its work with whole...
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Wideband Off-Body Channel Characteristics with Dynamic User
PublicationThis paper presents the preliminary results of a dynamic off-body channel characterisation study, based on wideband measurements at 5.8 GHz in an indoor environment. The Channel Impulse Response (CIR) was measured for a scenario with the user approaching and departing from the off-body antenna. A CIR deconvolution procedure was performed jointly in two polarisations, and the received signal power, Cross-Polarisation Discrimination...
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Innovative method of localization airplanes in VCS (VCS-MLAT) distributed system
PublicationThe article presents the concept and the structure of the localization module. The prototype module is the part of the VCS (VCS-MLAT) localization distributed system. The device receives the audio signal transmitted in airplanes band (118 MHz – 136 MHz). Received data with the timestamps are send to the main server. The data from multiple devices estimates the localization of the airplane. The main aim of the project is the analysis...
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Asymmetrical-Slot Antenna with Enhanced Gain for Dual-Band Applications
PublicationDual-band operation is an important feature of antennas to be applied in modern communication systems. Although high gain of radiators is rarely of concern in urban areas with densely located broadcasting stations, it becomes crucial for systems operating in more remote environments. In this work, a dual-band antenna with enhanced bandwidth is proposed. The structure consists of a driven element in the form of an asymmetrical radiator/slot...
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EM-Driven Multi-Objective Optimization of a Generic Monopole Antenna by Means of a Nested Trust-Region Algorithm
PublicationAntenna structures for modern applications are characterized by complex and unintuitive topologies that are difficult to develop when conventional experience-driven techniques are of use. In this work, a method for automatic generation of antenna geometries in a multi-objective setup has been proposed. The approach involves optimization of a generic spline-based radiator with adjustable number of parameters using a nested trust-region-based...
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On Rapid Design Optimization and Calibration of Microwave Sensors Based on Equivalent Complementary Resonators for High Sensitivity and Low Fabrication Tolerance
PublicationThis paper presents the design, optimization, and calibration of multivariable resonators for mi-crowave dielectric sensors. An optimization technique for circular complementary split ring reso-nator (CC-SRR) and square complementary split ring resonator (SC-SRR) is presented to achieve the required transmission response in a precise manner. The optimized resonators are manufac-tured using a standard photolithographic technique...
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Analiza i badania pomiarowe dokładności lokalizowania terminali ruchomych w sieciach komórkowych
PublicationJakość oferowanych przez operatorów sieci komórkowych usług o wartości wzbogaconej (usług dodanych) zależy od efektywności metod estymacji położenia geograficznego terminala ruchomego MS (Mobile Station). Dokładność istniejących w sieciach komórkowych metod lokalizacyjnych jest niewystarczająca, szczególnie w odniesieniu do usług związanych z wywołaniem w niebezpieczeństwie. Obecnie, do najbardziej popularnej w sieciach komórkowych...
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Interworking and Cross-layer Service Discovery Extensions for IEEEE802.11s Wireless Mesh Standard
PublicationWith the rapid popularization of mobile end-user electronic devices wireless network technologies begin to play a crucial role as networks access technologies. While classic point-to-multipoint wireless access systems, based on fixed infrastructure of base stations providing access to clients, remain the main most popular solution, an increasing attention is devoted to wireless mesh systems, where each connecting client can extend...
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Azimuth estimator for a rotating array radar with wide beam
PublicationThe problem of estimating azimuth in rotating array radar with a beam, wide in the azimuth plane, is considered. Under such setup the echo signal usually has a very low signal to noise ratio, but the number of observations is large, because of long dwell times. The proposed solution is based on the maximum likelihood approach, but it employs simplifications which facilitate its implementation in real time systems. Results, obtained...
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Radioisotope measurement of selected parameters of liquid-gas flow using single detector system
PublicationTo determine the parameters of two-phase flows using radioisotopes, usually two detectors are used. Knowing the distance between them, the velocity of the dispersed phase is calculated based on time delay estimation. Such a measurement system requires the use of two gamma-ray sealed sources. But in some situations it is also possible to determine velocity of dispersed phase using only one scintillation probe and one gamma-ray source....
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Implementation of DIFAR Processing in ASW Dipping Sonar
PublicationThis paper presents the implementation of the signal processing algorithm used by buoy DIFAR (Directional Frequency Analysis and Recording), that is fully operational on Polish Navy anti-submarine warfare (ASW) helicopters and ships, applied to dipping sonars for detection and tracking of submarines. The development of the DSP algorithms was a part of the modernization of sonars conducted at the Gdansk University of Technology....
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A New Approach to Capacitive Sensor Measurements Based on a Microcontroller and a Three-Gate Stable RC Oscillator
PublicationA complete smart capacitive sensor solution basedA complete smart capacitive sensor solution based on a microcontroller was developed. This approach includes the development of both the hardware and software. The hardware part comprises an 8-bit microcontroller equipped with two timers/counters and a three-gate stable RC relaxation oscillator. The software part handles system configuration, measurement control, communication control,...
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Miniature reconfigurable antenna
PublicationThis work concerns the design of a miniature, low-profile reconfigurable antenna based on Huygens metamaterial sources for frequency f0 = 2.45 GHz. Two planar Huygens sources were designed consisting of near-field resonators. Sources are excited from a specially designed reconfigurable control system. Thanks to the two PIN diodes, the system can realize two cardioid radiation characteristics with...
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Specification-Oriented Automatic Design of Topologically Agnostic Antenna Structure
PublicationDesign of antennas for modern applications is a challenging task that combines cognition-driven development of topology intertwined with tuning of its parameters using rigorous numerical optimization. However, the process can be streamlined by neglecting the engineering insight in favor of automatic de-termination of structure geometry. In this work, a specification-oriented design of topologically agnostic antenna is considered....
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A concept of measurement system based on the Z-Wave standard
PublicationIn the paper a new concept of measurement system based on the Z-Wave standard is presented. This standard is dedicated to use mainly in home automation systems, but its properties enable to use it in dispersed measurement systems and support wireless communication between measurement nodes in a mesh-type network. In the paper basic metrological aspects of the Z-Wave standard and an example of impedance measurement system are discussed.
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Application of thin diamond films in low-coherence fiber-optic Fabry Pérot displacement sensor
PublicationThe novel fiber-optic low coherence sensor with thin diamond films is demonstrated. The undoped and boron-doped diamond films were elaborated by the use of the microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (μPE CVD) system. The optical signal from the Fabry–Pérot cavity made with the application of those thin films is sensitive to displacement. The sensor characterization was made in the range of 0–600 μm. The measurements...
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A Numerical Study on Baseline-Free Damage Detection Using Frequency Steerable Acoustic Transducers
PublicationIn structural health monitoring (SHM) a considerable amount of damage detection algorithms based on guided waves (GW) have been developed. Most of them rely on extensive transducer networks, besides preliminary reference measurements of the structures. This originated a growing demand for hardware simplification and cost reduction of the wave-based SHM methods, driving the conception of new solutions enabling both: the reduction...
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Design and Experimental Validation of a Metamaterial-Based Sensor for Microwave Imaging in Breast, Lung, and Brain Cancer Detection
PublicationThis study proposes an innovative geometry of a microstrip sensor for high-resolution microwave imaging (MWI). The main intended application of the sensor is early detection of breast, lung, and brain cancer. The proposed design consists of a microstrip patch antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide with a metamaterial layer-based lens implemented on the back side, and an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) realized on as a separate...
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FFT analysis of temperature modulated semiconductor gas sensor response for the prediction of ammonia concentration under humidity interference
PublicationThe increasing environmental contamination forces the need to design reliable devices for detecting of the volatile compounds present in the air. For this purpose semiconductor gas sensors, which have been widely used for years, are often utilized. Although they have many advantages such as low price and quite long life time, they still lack of long term stability and selectivity. Namely, environmental conditions have significant...
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T1 RELAXATION TIME CALLIBRATION IN MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING USING NANODIAMOND PHANTOMS
PublicationMRI is increasingly used in radiation treatment planning because of the excellent soft tissue contrast in the obtained images. It allows more precise definition of the boundaries between healthy tissues and those affected by cancerous lesions. To obtain good image quality, the difference in signal between two types of tissue must be significant despite the noise so it must be properly calibrated. This calibration includes...
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Data fusion of GPS sensors using Particle Kalman Filter for ship dynamic positioning system
PublicationDepending on standards and class, dynamically positioned ships make use of different numbers of redundant sensors to determine current ship position. The paper presents a multi-sensor data fusion algorithm for the dynamic positioning system which allows it to record the proper signal from a number of sensors (GPS receivers). In the research, the Particle Kalman Filter with data fusion was used to estimate the position of the vessel....
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Guaranteeing Threshold Attendance of W/WSAN nodes in a reverted security paradigm
PublicationWe consider a Wireline/Wireless Sensor and Actor Network composed of sensor/actor nodes and a data sink/command center (DSCC). Each node controls a generic device that can be in- or out-of-service, corresponding to the ENABLED or DISABLED node state. The node senses the device's intention to change state, and notifies and/or requests the DSCC for authorization to act upon the device. Motivated by requirements for critical infrastructures...
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The Doppler effect in a bistatic system for determining the position of moving targets
PublicationThe article presents the theoretical analysis and the results of numerical calculations of the Doppler effect it occurs in a system designed to determine the position and speed of a moving target. The transmitter is the source of the signal and it emits a sinusoidal, acoustic and continuous wave. Signal reflected off a moving target is received by four hydrophones. Based on the signals, four Doppler shifts are determined and inserted...
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Numerically Efficient Miniaturization-Oriented Optimization of an Ultra-Wideband Spline-Parameterized Antenna
PublicationDesign of ultra-wideband radiators for modern handheld applications is a challenging task that involves not only selection of an appropriate topology, but also its tuning oriented towards balancing the electrical performance and size. In this work, a low-cost design of a compact, broadband, spline-parameterized monopole antenna has been considered. The framework used for the structure design implements trust-region-based methods,...
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A design framework for rigorous constrained EM-driven optimization of miniaturized antennas with circular polarization
PublicationCompact radiators with circular polarization are important components of modern mobile communication systems. Their design is a challenging process which requires maintaining simultaneous control over several performance figures but also the structure size. In this work, a novel design framework for multi-stage constrained miniaturization of antennas with circular polarization is presented. The method involves sequential optimization...
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Spectrum Sensing Based on Hybrid Spectrum Handoff in Cognitive Radio Networks
PublicationThe rapid advancement of wireless communication combined with insufficient spectrum exploitation opens the door for the expansion of novel wireless services. Cognitive radio network (CRN) technology makes it possible to periodically access the open spectrum bands, which in turn improves the effectiveness of CRNs. Spectrum sensing (SS), which allows unauthorized users to locate open spectrum bands, plays a fundamental part in CRNs....
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High-Gain Compact Circularly Polarized X-Band Superstrate Antenna for CubeSat Applications
PublicationIn this letter, a concept of high-gain circularly polarized X-band antenna employing a partially reflecting surface (PRS) has been presented. In the initial antenna analysis, the influence of parasitic elements size in the PRS structure on antenna radiation pattern parameters has been investigated and the optimal arrangement of the elements has been identified. The proposed antenna provides wide bandwidth of return loss above 10...
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Design and optimization of a novel compact broadband linearly/circularly polarized wide-slot antenna for WLAN and Wi-MAX applications
PublicationA novel topologically modified structure of a compact low profile wide-slot antenna for broadband applications is presented. The antenna comprises a modified E-shaped slot with unequal arm lengths in the ground plane, and a parasitic quasi-rectangular loop placed coplanar with the feedline. For exciting orthogonal modes with equal amplitude, a single-point feeding technique with an asymmetrical geometry of the coplanar waveguide...
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Cross-layer integration of network mechanisms for increasing efficiency of multimedia session support in IEEE 802.11s environment
PublicationWith an IEEE 802.11 wireless networks operating in Point-to-Multipoint mode being the most popular WLAN access technology employed today, it can be expected that a Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) based on the technology can provide significant advantages for such network systems. The IEEE 802.11s standard amendment provides the comprehensive set of mechanisms required to implement and deploy a WMN utilizing this widely popular technology....
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Path Loss Analysis for the IoT Applications in the Urban and Indoor Environments
PublicationThe Internet of Things (IoT) networks concept implies their presence in a various and untypical locations, usually with a disturbed radio signals propagation. In the presented paper an investigation of an additional path loss observed in an underground environment was described. The proposed measurement locations correspond to the operation areas of rapidly growing narrowband IoT (NBIoT) networks, the ones using the Long Term Evolution...
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Asynchronous WAM with Irregular Pulse Repetition
PublicationRadiolocation systems for aviation based on Multi-Lateration (MLAT) typically use a set of synchronised ground sensors to receive radio signals broadcast by onboard transmitters. In most cases, the sensor synchronisation in Wide Area Multi-Lateration Systems (WAM) is provided by Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. However, in the case of synchronisation failure, there is still a possibility to estimate the coordinates...
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Optimization of Wireless Networks for Resilience to Adverse Weather Conditions
PublicationIn this chapter, we consider how adverse weather conditions such as rain or fog affect the performance of wireless networks, and how to optimize these networks so as to make them robust to these conditions. We first show how to analyze the weather conditions in order to make them useful for network optimization modelling. Using an example realistic network, we show how to optimize two types of wireless networks: free-space optical...
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Temperature Fiber-Optic Sensor with ZnO ALD Coating
PublicationThis study presents a microsphere-based fiber-optic sensor with a ZnO Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) coating thickness of 100 nm for temperature measurements. Metrological properties of the sensor were investigated over the temperature range of 100 °C to 300 °C, with a 10 °C step. An interferometric signal is used to control whether the microstructure is whole. Spectrum shift of a reflected signal is used to ascertain changes in...