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Search results for: temperature%20measurement
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Influence of Bitumen Type and Asphalt Mixture Composition on Low-Temperature Strength Properties According to Various Test Methods
PublicationIn regions with low-temperatures, action transverse cracks can appear in asphalt pavements as a result of thermal stresses that exceed the fracture strength of materials used in asphalt layers. To better understand thermal cracking phenomenon, strength properties of different asphalt mixtures were investigated. Four test methods were used to assess the influence of bitumen type and mixture composition on tensile strength properties...
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Structural changes of a simple peptide—Trpzip-1—in aqueous solutions and the corresponding hydration phenomena under the influence of temperature
PublicationTrpzip-1, a simple β-hairpin, is a rare example of peptide with stable secondary structure and can be a convenient model to study temperature-related processes that potential prion or amyloid proteins undergo. Although its sequence is simple, the exact processes which the peptide undergoes in aqueous solutions are quite complex and not well understood. The selection of well-established experimental (DSC, FTIR) and theoretical methods...
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Improvement of Oxygen Electrode Performance of Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Cells by Spray Pyrolysis Deposited Active Layers
PublicationIntermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells oxygen electrodes are modified by active interfacial layers. Spray pyrolysis is used to produce thin (≈500 nm) layers of mixed ionic and electronic conductors: Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3−δ (SSC), La0.6Sr0.4CoO3−δ (LSC), La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (LSCF), and Pr6O11 (PrOx) on the electrode–electrolyte interface. The influence of the annealing temperature on the electrode polarization (area specific...
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Method of reconstructing two-dimensional velocity fields on the basis of temperature field values measured with a thermal imaging camera
PublicationThis paper describes a novel numerical reconstruction procedure (NRP) of the velocity field during natural convective heat transfer from a two-sided, isothermal, heated vertical plate based only on the known temperature field obtained, e.g. with a thermal imaging camera. It has been demonstrated that with a knowledge of temperature distributions, the NRP enables the reconstruction of velocity fields by solving the Navier-Stokes...
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Evaluation of Temperature Influence on Electrochemical Processes Occurring in a Lithium-Ion Supercapacitor with the Use of Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
PublicationIn order to obtain the full impedance characteristics of a lithium-ion capacitor as a function of temperature, the authors proposed the use of dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Impedance tests were carried out under wide range of dynamic temperature changes for lithium-ion supercapacitors. Significant differences in electrochemical processes were observed as a result of working temperature. Moreover, the quality of...
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Highly crystalline colloidal nickel oxide hole transport layer for low-temperature processable perovskite solar cell
PublicationHighly crystalline NiOX usually requires high annealing temperature (>300 °C) which is incompatible with flexible substrate and might consume high amount of energy. Herein, we demonstrate a facile emulsion process to synthesize highly crystalline, low temperature deposition (<150 °C) and solution processable NiOx nanoparticles (NPs) as a hole transport layer for the perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). A novel surfactant of tetramethylammonium...
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The Influence of Drying Temperature on Color Change of Hornbeam and Maple Wood Used as Surface and Inner Layers of Wood Composites
PublicationThe thermal treatment of wood changes its structure due to the degradation of wood polymers (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin), so the physical properties of wood are either improved or degraded. Color changes apply not only to natural wood, but also to such wood composites for which some amount of glue is used in their construction (e.g., plywood, blockboard or laminboard). This article is focused on the analysis of hornbeam...
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Metallurgical characterization and high-temperature tensile failure of Inconel 617 alloy welded by GTAW and SMAW—a comparative study
PublicationTwo types of the weld joint of Inconel 617 alloy were produced using gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) processes with ERNiCrCoMo-1 filler metal and ENiCrCoMo-1 electrode, respectively. The weld metal showed the segregation of the principle alloying elements like Mo and Cr along the inter-dendritic spaces, triggering the formation of secondary phases. The microstructure characterization of the...
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Modelling of high temperature air/steam gasification of biomassand solid wastes in view of hydrogen-rich gas production
PublicationPrzedstawiono zaawansowane technologie produkcji gazu bogatego w wodór z biomasy i odpadów komunalnych. Przeprowadzono badania eksperymentalne na stanowisku pomiarowym wykonanym w skali półprzemysłowej. Otrzymano obiecujące rezultaty podczas zgazowania palet drewnianych gazem o różnej zawartości pary wodnej.
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JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
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A comparative study on geopolymers synthesized by different classes of fly ash after exposure to elevated temperatures
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Cold Start Emissions of Spark-Ignition Engines at Low Ambient Temperatures as an Air Quality Risk
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Excess Emissions and Fuel Consumption of Modern Spark Ignition Passenger Cars at Low Ambient Temperatures
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Effect of long term service at elevated temperatures on mechanical properties of Manaurite XM reformer tubes
PublicationMicrostructure transformations occur in the Manaurite XM cast steel tubes during long-term operation in the reformer furnace were revealed and described. The rela tionship between mechanical properties, an increase of internal diameter of the tube and microstructure degradation is discussed. Static tensile test was performed on two types of samples with different shapes. It has been shown differences in the results of tests...
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Badania wpływu twardości materiału obrabianego na temperaturę docieraka podczas docierania powierzchni płaskich
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu twardości materiału obrabianego na wzrost temperatury docieraka. Obrabiano elementy ze stali C45 na docierarce jednotarczowej. Porównano obróbkę elementów walcowych o średnicy 17 mm i twardości 160 i 650 HV mikroziarnami węglika krzemu F400/17. W badaniach wykorzystano kamerę termowizyjną.
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Deviations of treeline Norway spruce radial growth from summer temperatures in East-Central Europe
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The effects of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4/SiO2 nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of cement mortars exposed to elevated temperatures
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Tribological synergy between classical ZDDP and innovative MoS2 and MoO3 nanotube additives at elevated temperatures
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Chapter 15 : Methods of determination of correct operation area for hydraulic component in low ambient temperatures
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych zespołów hydraulicznych: silników satelitowych, silników orbitalnych, pomp i silników zębatych, rozdzielaczy suwakowych w tym proporcjonalnych, pomp tłoczkowych, siłowników w warunkach szoku termicznego w celu określenia obszarów parametrów prawidłowego i nieprawidłowego rozruchu nie tylko tych badanych zespołów. Została stworzona baza danych z wartościami współczynników...
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ANALIZA INFORMACYJNOŚCI DIAGNOSTYCZNEJ SZYBKOZMIENNEJ TEMPERATURY SPALIN WYLOTOWYCH OKRĘTOWEGO SILNIKA TŁOKOWEGO - KLASYFIKACJA JEDNOCZYNNIKOWA
PublicationW niniejszym artykule zwrócono uwagę na problem niskiej podatności kontrolnej okrętowych silników średnio- i szybkoobrotowych w eksploatacji, co znacznie ogranicza możliwości diagnozowania parametrycznego ich przestrzeni roboczych oraz układu wtrysku paliwa. W celu rozwiązania tego problemu zaproponowano pomiar szybkozmiennej temperatury spalin wylotowych z silnika, której przebieg po odpowiedniej obróbce matematycznej oraz analizie...
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Long-Term Stability of Benzodiazepines and Z-Hypnotic Drugs in Blood Samples Stored at Varying Temperatures
PublicationBenzodiazepines (BZDs) and Z-drugs are among the most commonly prescribed pharmaceuticals in the world and are considered standard care for various mental illnesses and for treatment of sleeping and anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal, muscle spasms and epilepsy. Some BZDs are not allowed as pharmaceuticals in many countries, and they are used as "designer benzodiazepines" (DBZDs). All these compounds are typically screened in...
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X-Ray Computer Tomography Study of Degradation of the Zircaloy-2 Tubes Oxidized at High Temperatures
PublicationThe investigations of high-temperature oxidation of zirconium alloys, applied for fuel pellets in nuclear power plants, are usually limited to oxidation kinetics, phase transformations and microstructural characterization. The purpose of this research was to characterize the degradation phenomena occurring within oxide layer and at the interface oxide/metal, on internal and external Zircaloy-2 tube...
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Ocena jakości superkondensatorów wybranymi metodami, wykorzystując zjawiska losowe i badania rozkładu temperatury
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono metody analizy jakości wykonania próbek superkondensatorów na podstawie pomiarów szumów generowanych w ich strukturach oraz rozkładów temperatury na ich powierzchni. Prezentowane metody zostały porównane z obecnie stosowanymi parametrami oceny jakości tych elementów. Wyniki uzasadniają wprowadzenie dodatkowych parametrów, pozwalających oceniać jakość superkondensatorów.
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Amides as models to study the hydration of proteins and peptides — spectroscopic and theoretical approach on hydration in various temperatures
PublicationInteractions with water are one of the key factors which determine protein stability and activity in aqueous solutions. However, the protein hydration is still insufficiently understood. N-methylacetamide (NMA) is regarded as a minimal part of the peptide backbone and the relative simplicity of its structure makes it a good model for studies on protein–water interactions. In this paper, the influence of NMA and N,N-dimethylacetamide...
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Highly stable CsFAPbIBr perovskite solar cells with dominant bulk recombination at real operating temperatures
PublicationMixed-cation mixed-halide perovskite solar cells have been characterized in DC at different temperatures (from −20 °C up to 50 °C) and the time evolution of the device efficiency has been assessed using different degradation protocols (indoors and outdoors). The completely planar p–i–n structure is ITO/CuNiOx/PTAA/CsFAPbIBr/PCBM/PEI/Ag. Pristine current–voltage characteristics barely show hysteresis, at any temperature. Open circuit...
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Mechanizm nanokrystalizacji warstwy wierzchniej stopu Al-Si nadtapianego laserem w niskiej temperaturze.
PublicationPrzedstawiono mechanizm nanokrystalizacji stopu aluminium nadtapianego laserowo po schłodzeniu do niskiej temperatury w powiązaniu z obserwacjami struktury warstwy wierzchniej.
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Optimal Placement of Phasor Measurement Unit in Power System using Meta-Heuristic Algorithms
PublicationThe phasor measurement units (PMUs) play an important and vital role in power system monitoring and controlling, since they provide the power system phasors stamped with a common real time reference through a global positioning system (GPS). Indeed, from economical point of view it is not possible to set PMUs in all system buses due to the high cost and the requirement of more complex communication...
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Interlaboratory comparison of methodologies for the measurement of urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine
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Measurement of selected characteristics of low-coherence optical signal sources for optical coherence tomography
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Ellipse-fitting algorithm implementation in the impedance measurement system based on DAQ card with FPGA
PublicationThe paper presents an implementation of the ellipse-fitting algorithm in the impedance measurement system based on DAQ card equipped with FPGA chip. The method implementation was tested by simulation means as well as experimentally in the designed and presented measurement system. Finally, the limit values of sampling parameters which assures satisfying accuracy were given.
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The concept of estimation of elevator shaft control measurement results in the local 3D coordinate system.
PublicationGeodetic control measurements play an important part because they provide information about the current state of repair of the construction, which has a direct impact on the safety assessment of its exploitation. Authors in this paper have focused on control measurements of the elevator shaft. The article discusses the problem of determining the deviation of elevator shaft walls from the vertical plane in the local 3D coordinate...
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Radioisotope measurement of selected parameters of liquid-gas flow using single detector system
PublicationTo determine the parameters of two-phase flows using radioisotopes, usually two detectors are used. Knowing the distance between them, the velocity of the dispersed phase is calculated based on time delay estimation. Such a measurement system requires the use of two gamma-ray sealed sources. But in some situations it is also possible to determine velocity of dispersed phase using only one scintillation probe and one gamma-ray source....
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Discussion of Derivability of Local Residual Stress Level from Magnetic Stray Field Measurement
PublicationThe NDT procedure dubbed ‘metal magnetic memory’ method and the related ISO 24497 standard has found wide industrial acceptance in some countries, mainly in Russia and China. The method has been claimed by some researchers (Roskosz and Bieniek in NDT&E Int 45:55–62, 2012; Wilson et al. in Sens Actuators A 135:381–387, 2007) as having potential for quantitative determination of local residual stress state in engineering structures,...
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Electrochemical sensor for measurement of volatile organic compounds employing square wave perturbation voltage
PublicationThe paper presents the results of investigation on a prototype sensor for measurement of benzaldehyde in air. Sensitivity and limit of quantification of the sensor were determined for different internal electrolyte using the square wave voltammetry (SWV) as a detection technique. The working and counter electrodes were made of platinum. Ionic liquids 1-hexyl, 3-methylimidazolium chloride,1-hexyl, 3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl)...
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Impedance Measurement and Selection of Electrochemical Equivalent Circuit of a Working PEM Fuel Cell Cathode
PublicationThe dynamic impedance analysis of direct methanolfuel cell (DMFC) cathode supplied with pure oxygen is pre-sented. Presented results were obtained during dynamic chang-es of the current density in working fuel cell. Investigation ofthe occurring processes at cathode was carried with dynamicelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS). A discussionwas conducted based on the determined correlation parameterχ2. It was shown that...
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Strouhal Number Measurement for Novel Biomimetic Folding Fins Using an Image Processing Method
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Application of the Least Squares Method to the approximation of equally spaced samples in frequency measurement approach
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The Influence of Noise Level on the Value of Uncertainty in a Measurement System Containing an Analog-to-Digital Converter
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Analysis of occurrence of guided disorders in selected railway equipment — impact of load on measurement results
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Feature-Based Characterisation of Turned Surface Topography with Suppression of High-Frequency Measurement Errors
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Proposals of Frequency-Based and Direction Methods to Reduce the Influence of Surface Topography Measurement Errors
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Modelling of Diffusing Capacity Measurement Results in Lung Microangiopathy Patients. A novel Diagnostic Suppport
PublicationLung microangiopathy is a little known negative influence of diabetes mellitus on the functioning of the lungs. The aim of this study is to design a supportive method for diagnosing lung microangiopathy. This will be based on routinely performed pulmonary measurements as well as on investigation process modelling and data processing. A model of the diffusion of oxygen from the alveoli to the blood has been described with a set...
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Dynamic mass measurement in checkweighers using a discrete time-variant low-pass filter
PublicationConveyor belt type checkweighers are complex mechanical systems consisting of a weighing sensor (strain gauge load cell, electrodynamically compensated load cell), packages (of different shapes, made of different materials) and a transport system (motors, gears, rollers). Disturbances generated by the vibrating parts of such a system are reflected in the signal power spectra in a form of strong spectral peaks, located usually in...
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Measurement of dynamic pulsations in bulk solid during silo discharging using ECT method
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów pulsacji materiału sypkiego pomieroznych z zastosowaniem metody pomiarowej ECT. Analizę dynamicznych zmian koncetracji przperowadzono dla podstawowych(surowych) danych pomiarowych oraz danych zrekonstruowanych
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The critical rotational speed of circular saw: simple measurement method and its practical implementations.
PublicationProducenci pił tarczowych są zobligowani do podawania ich dopuszczalnych prędkości obrotowych. Jednakże, umieszczane przez nich prędkości na piłach są często bliskie prędkościom krytycznym lub je przewyższają. Przecinanie takimi narzędziami może być więc niebezpieczne dla obsługującego. Praca przedstawia prostą metodologię wyznaczania prędkości obrotowych krytycznych pił tarczowych. Badania były prowadzone z wykorzystaniem technik...
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Measurement system for nonlinear surface spectroscopy by atomic force microscopy for corrosion processes monitoring
PublicationIn addition to traditional imaging the surface, atomic force microscopy (AFM) enables wide variety of additional measurements. One of them is higher harmonic imaging. In tapping mode the nonlinear contact between tip and specimen results in higher frequency vibrations. More information available from the higher harmonics analysis proves to be helpful for more detailed imaging. Such visualization is especially useful for heterogeneous...
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Analysis of Transformation Methods of Hydroacoustic and Optoelectronic Data Based on the Tombolo Measurement Campaign in Sopot
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Evaluation of high-frequency roughness measurement errors for composite and ceramic surfaces after machining
PublicationPrecise characterisation of surface topography is of the greatest importance since many factors directly affect the accuracy of the whole measurement process. In this paper, the variety of surface topographies from machined composite and ceramic workpieces was studied with a special emphasis on the measurement results. Surfaces were subjected to the ground diamond, honing and milling processes. Measurement results were analysed...
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Application of the short time Fourier transformation to the continuous frequency method of measurement of electrode impedance
PublicationPrzedstawiona została nowa metoda pomiaru impedancji elektrodowej. Wykorzystuje ona jako pobudzenie niestacjonarny sygnał napięciowy, którego częstotliwość jest liniową funkcją czasu. Zastosowanie transformacji STFT do analizy napięciowego sygnału pobudzenia i odpowiedzi prądowej umożliwia wyznaczenie widma impedancyjnego. Dokładność otrzymywanych wartości impedancji uwarunkowana jest wielkością okna i zastosowanej funkcji analizującej.
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Method using bilinear transformation for measurement of impedance parameters of a multielement two-terminal network
PublicationArtykuł przedstawia metodę identyfikacji parametrów impedancyjnych obiektów modelowanych dwójnikami. Metoda wykorzystuje właściwości przekształcenia biliniowego pozwalającego na przedstawienie impedancji obiektu jako funkcji każdego z parametrów obwodu zastępczego z osobna. Odwrotne przekształcenie biliniowe pozwala na wyznaczenie wartości każdego parametru na podstawie pomiaru impedancji na jednej częstotliwości dobranej dla...