Search results for: POWER DISTRIBUTION
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Determination of stepped plate thickness distribution using guided waves and compressed sensing approach
PublicationGuided waves recently have attracted significant interest as a very promising research area. The signals registered by a specially designed sensor network are processed to assess the state of the tested structure. Despite the constant development of novel damage detection algorithms employing guided waves, the phenomenon of wave propagation still needs detailed recognizing and understanding for the further progress of non-destructive...
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A biochemical multi-species quality model of a drinking water distribution system for simulation and design
PublicationDrinking Water Distribution Systems (DWDSs) play a key role in sustainable development of modern society. They are classified as critical infrastructure systems. This imposes a large set of highly demanding requirements on the DWDS operation and requires dedicated algorithms for on-line monitoring and control to tackle related problems. Requirements on DWDS availability restrict the usability of the real plant in the design phase....
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Influence of plastic deformation on stray magnetic field distribution of soft magnetic steel sample
PublicationThe effect of various combinations of conditions, i.e., presence of the Earth’s magnetic field during and after deformation on the distribution of stray magnetic field of S355 steel sample, which is locally deformed, was investigated. Some of the stages of the experiment were carried out in zero magnetic field. Compensation of the Earth’s magnetic field was obtained by the application of a pair of Helmholtz coils. These coils are...
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Robust output prediction of differential – algebraic systems – application to drinking water distribution system
PublicationThe paper presents the recursive robust output variable prediction algorithm, applicable for systems described in the form of nonlinear algebraic-differential equations. The algorithm bases on the uncertainty interval description, the system model, and the measurements. To improve the algorithm efficiency, nonlinear system models are linearised along the nominal trajectory. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated on...
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Visual Attention Distribution Based Assessment of User's Skill in Electronic Medical Record Navigation
PublicationCurrently, the most precise way of reflecting the skills level is an expert’s subjective assessment. In this paper we investigate the possibility of the use of eye tracking data for scalar quantitative and objective assessment of medical staff competency in EMR system navigation. According to the experiment conducted by Yarbus the observation process of particular features is associated with thinking. Moreover, eye tracking is...
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Size-exclusion chromatography for the determination of the boiling point distribution of high-boiling petroleum fractions
PublicationThe paper describes a new procedure for the determination of boiling point distribution of high-boiling petroleum fractions using size exclusion chromatography with refractive index detector. Thus far, the determination of boiling range distribution by chromatography has been accomplished using simulated distillation with gas chromatography with the flame ionization detection. This study revealed that in spite of substantial differences...
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Distribution and removal efficiency of heavy metals in two constructed wetlands treating landfill leachate
PublicationThe results of heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr, Pb, Cd) removal and partitioning between aqueous and solid phases at two wetlands (TWs) treating municipal landfill leachates are presented. One of the TWs is a surface flow facility consisting of 10 ponds. The other TW is a newly constructed pilot-scale facility consisting of three beds with alternately vertical and horizontal sub-surface flow. The metals concentrations were...
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Analysis of magnetic field distribution inside ferromagnetic thin shells during degaussing process
PublicationAnalysis of the demagnetization of a large ferromagnetic object like a ship, was conducted. The approximate mathematical model in the form of a long cylindrical shell of constant magnetic permeability was applied. The discrete degaussing winding was assumed and the current density and magnetic flux density distribution in the ferromagnetic shell wall were determined. Based on the frequential and temporal analysis the recommended...
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Anthropogenic trace metals in Setiu Wetland: Spatial and seasonal distribution and implications for environmental health
PublicationThe growing urban wastewater volume poses a major global environmental challenge, especially in developing nations where inadequate treatment and discharge impact clean water availability. This study focused on Setiu Wetland, aiming to analyze seasonal and spatial variations of trace metals in particulate form from anthropogenic and pathogenic sources. Surface water samples were collected from multiple stations, measuring physical...
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Electrode arrays applicable to EIT based mine detection: a comparison ofspatial sensitivity distribution.
PublicationPrzebadano trzy konfiguracje matryc elektrodowych. Określono optymalne wzorce pobudzeń oraz odpowiadające im rozkłady czułości.
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Hierarchical model predictive control of integrated quality and quantity in drinking water distribution systems
PublicationW artykule zaproponowane zostało zintegrowane podejście do sterowania ilością i jakością w systemach zaopatrzenia i dystrybucji wody. Sterowanie zintegrowane polega na optymalizowaniu kosztów operacyjnych zaspokajając zapotrzebowanie na wodę o wymaganej jakości i spełniając ograniczenia systemu. To zagadnienie sterowania optymalizującego jest zagadnieniem złożonym z powodu nieliniowości, dużego wymiaru, ograniczeń na wyjście, występowania...
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Decentralized Microgrid Energy Management System with Market-Based Energy Trade System
PublicationThis paper presents a decentralized energy management system for a power microgrid, which integrates individual users, who own renewable energy sources and energy storages. The purpose of the system is to make optimal use of available resources to cover the electricity needs of the whole microgrid. Thanks to the energy exchange system, in addition to exchanges with the distribution network, the system also allows trades within...
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ANALYSIS OF EFFECTIVENESS AND COMPUTATIONAL COMPLEXITY OF TREND REMOVAL METHODS
PublicationThe paper presents a method of processing measurement data due to remove slowly varying component of the trend occurring in the recorded waveforms. Comparison of computational complexity and trend removal efficiency between some commonly used methods is presented. The impact of these procedures on probability distribution and power spectral density is shown. Effectiveness and computational complexity of these methods depend essentially...
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Monitoring of breast tissue thermo-ablation by means of impedance measurements
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono rozważania dotyczące monitorowania jakości termoablacji zmian nowotworowych w piersi przy pomocy pomiarów impedancyjnych. Pokazano prototypowe konstrukcje sond do termoablacji jak również zaprezentowano wyniki symulacji i pierwszych eksperymentów. A usefulness of a developed probe combining power delivery to ablated breast tumour and simultaneous impedance measurements is discussed in the paper. It consists...
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Computer-Aided Calculations of Earth Potential Rise in High Voltage Overhead Lines
PublicationHigh voltage overhead power lines with earth wires comprise towers made of conductive material. Some towers are in locations where people can be expected to be either for a long time or for a short time but very frequently. Evaluation of shock hazard near such towers requires calculation of line-to-earth short-circuit current, earth current and especially earth potential rise. Number of towers in high voltage power lines can exceed...
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Structure and the space vector modulation for a medium-voltage power-electronic-transformer based on two seven-level cascade H-bridge inverters
PublicationThis study presents the structure and the space vector pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) for power electronic transformer (PET) based on two seven-level cascade H-bridge (CHB) inverters. The DC links of CHB inverters are coupled with nine dual-active bridge (DAB) converters with medium-frequency transformers. The DC-link voltages are equalised with two methods – through the control of DAB voltages...
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Design analysis of Tesla micro-turbine operating on a low-boiling medium
PublicationThis paper presents results of the design analysis of a Tesla bladeless turbine intended for a co-generating micro-power plantof heat capacity 20 kW, which operates in an organic Rankine cycle on a low-boiling medium. Numerical calculations of flowin several Tesla turbine models were performed for a range of design parameters. Results of investigations exhibit interestingfeatures in the distribution of flow parameters within the...
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Human verbal memory encoding is hierarchically distributed in a continuous processing stream
PublicationProcessing of memory is supported by coordinated activity in a network of sensory, association, and motor brain regions. It remains a major challenge to determine where memory is encoded for later retrieval. Here we used direct intracranial brain recordings from epilepsy patients performing free recall tasks to determine the temporal pattern and anatomical distribution of verbal memory encoding across the entire human cortex. High...
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Distribution of mercury in different environmental compartments in the aquatic ecosystem of the coastal zone of the Southern Baltic Sea
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Distribution of invasive Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii in the East-Central Europe is driven by climatic and local environmental variables
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Identification of the Contamination Source Location in the Drinking Water Distribution System Based on the Neural Network Classifier
PublicationThe contamination ingression to the Water Distribution System (WDS) may have a major impact on the drinking water consumers health. In the case of the WDS contamination the data from the water quality sensors may be efficiently used for the appropriate disaster management. In this paper the methodology based on the Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) neural network classifier for the identification of the contamination source location...
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Spatial distribution of pharmaceuticals in conventional wastewater treatment plant with Sludge Treatment Reed Beds technology
PublicationPharmaceutical residues are an emerging environmental problem. It is strongly confirmed that pharmaceuticals are present in soils and environmental waters (surface, marine and even groundwater), and that wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents are the main source of pharmaceuticals in the watershed. The aim of this studywas to recognize the spatial distribution and seasonal changes of selected pharmaceuticals in conventional WWTP...
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Circumferential temperature distribution during nucleate pool boiling outside smooth and modified horizontal tubes
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych obwodowego rozkłądu temperatury w poziomych rurkach, ogrzewanych elektrycznie na których zachodzi wrzenie pęcherzykowe. Wykazano, że lokalne - w obszarze górnej tworzącej rurki, zastosowanie powłki porowatej prowadzi do wygładzenia rozkładu temperatury oraz obniżenia średniej temperatury ścianki.
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Optimizing Control by Robustly Feasible Model Predictive Control and Application to Drinking Water Distribution Systems
PublicationThe paper considers optimizing Model Predictive Control (MPC) for nonlinear plants with output constraints under uncertainties. Although the MPC technology can handle the constraints in the model by solving constraint model based optimization task, satisfying the plant output constraints still remains a challenge. The paper proposes Robustly Feasible MPC (RFMPC), which achieves feasibility of the outputs in the controlled plant....
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Impact of Movement Tempo Distribution on Bar Velocity During a Multi-Set Bench Press Exercise
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The Analysis of the distribution of available mesopores in cellulosic pulp, using Inverse Size Exclusion Chromatography-ISEC
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Genetic and lifestyle variables associated with homocysteine concentrations and the distribution of folate derivatives in healthy premenopausal women
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Expression and cellular distribution of estrogen and progesterone receptors and the real-time proliferation of porcine cumulus cells
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Expression and cellular distribution of zona pellucida glycoproteins in canine oocytes before and after in vitro maturation
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Method of determination of the reticulocyte age distribution from flow cytometry count by a structured-population model
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Application of the Finite Element Method for Modelling of the Spatial Distribution of Residual Stresses in Hybrid Surface Layers
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The use of gel dosimetry to measure the 3D dose distribution of a90Sr/90Y intravascular brachytherapy seed
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Total Selenium Level and Its Distribution between Organs in Beef Cattle in Different Selenium Status
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Optimizing control by robustly feasible model predictive control and application to drinking water distribution systems
PublicationThe paper considers optimizing Model Predictive Control (MPC) for nonlinear plants with output constraints under uncertainties. Although the MPC technology can handle the constraints in the model by solving constraint model based optimization task, satisfying the plant output constraints under the model uncertainty still remains a challenge. The paper proposes Robustly Feasible MPC (RFMPC), which achieves feasibility of the outputs...
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Optimised Allocation of Hard Quality Sensors for Robust Monitoring of Quality in Drinking Water Distribution Systems
PublicationA problem of optimised placement of the hard quality sensors in Drinking Water Distribution Systems for robust quality monitoring is formulated. Two numerical algorithms to solve the problem are derived. The optimality is meant as achieving a desired trade off between the sensor capital and maintenance costs and resulting robust estimation accuracy of the monitoring algorithm. The robust estimation algorithm recently developed...
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Normal stress distribution in built‑up cold‑formed column in relation to interconnecting bolt spacing
PublicationIn order to increase a stiffness of cold-formed steel (CFS) elements it is practised to built-up the cross-section. In the analysed case, a main element is strengthened by adding extra chord in contact partially along the column. This additional chord acts as a longitudinal stiffener connected with the main section by series of bolts. Authors check whether rules applied over the years, for hot-rolled elements, can be indiscriminately...
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Distribution of pollutants in the Odra River system part II. Organic pollutants in Odra River water
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono wyniki oznaczeń zanieczyszczeń organicznych (pestycydy, lotne związki chlorowcoorganiczne, wielopierścieniowe węglowodory aromatyczne, chlorobenzeny, polichlorowane bifenyle) w próbkach wody zebranych w trakcie 8 Kampanii (w okresie 1997-2000) zorganizowanej w ramach Międzynarodowego Projektu Badań Dorzecza Rzeki Odry (IOP).
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Measurement of the Temporal and Spatial Temperature Distribution on the Surface of PVCP Tissue Phantom Illuminated by Laser Dataset
PublicationThe dataset entitled Measurement of the temporal and spatial temperature distribution on the surface of PVCP tissue phantom illuminated by laser was obtained with a laboratory set-up for characterisation of the thermal properties of optical tissue phantoms during laser irradiation. The dataset contains a single image file representing the spatial temperature distribution on the surface of a PVCP tissue phantom. This thermal image...
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Advanced sensitivity analysis of the impact of the temporal distribution and intensity of rainfall on hydrograph parameters in urban catchments
PublicationKnowledge of the variability of the hydrograph of outflow from urban catchments is highly important for measurements and evaluation of the operation of sewer networks. Currently, hydrodynamic models are most frequently used for hydrograph modeling. Since a large number of their parameters have to be identified, there may be problems at the calibration stage. Hence, sensitivity analysis is used to limit the number of parameters....
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Two Time-Scale Hierarchical Control of Integrated Quantity and Quality in Drinking Water Distribution Systems
PublicationThe paper considers a feedback optimising control of drinking water distribution systems (DWDS). Although the optimised pump and valves scheduling and disinfectant injection control attracted considerable attention over last two decades most of the contributions were limited to an open-loop optimisation repetitively performed during the DWDS operation. Also, while a strong interaction between the water quantity and quality exists...
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Multiobjective Water Distribution Systems Control of Pumping Cost, Water Quality, and Storage-Reliability Constraints
PublicationThis work describes a multiobjective model for trading-off pumping cost and water quality for water distribution systems operation. Constraints are imposed on flows and pressures, on periodical tanks operation, and on tanks storage. The methodology links the multiobjective SPEA2 algorithm with EPANET, and is applied on two example applications of increasing complexity, under extended period simulation conditions and variable energy...
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Relationship between heavy metal distribution in sediment samples and their ecotoxicity by the use of the Hasse diagram technique
PublicationOpisane badania wskazują, że istnieje nowe podejście oszacowywania ryzyka zanieczyszczenia określonych przedziałów środowiska morskiego dzięki równoczesnemu monitorowaniu zawartości metali ciężkich i parametrów ekotoksykologicznych. Rutynowe podejście stosuje oddzielnie wskaźniki zawartości metali ciężkich i wskaźniki ekotoksykologiczne w celu wykrycia zależności między poziomami zawartości metali ciężkich a mierzalnymi parametrami...
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Multi-objective optimization of water quality, pumps operation, and storage sizing of water distribution systems
PublicationA multi-objective methodology utilizing the Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm (SPEA2) linked to EPANET for trading-off pumping costs, water quality, and tanks sizing of water distribution systems is developed and demonstrated. The model integrates variable speed pumps for modeling the pumps operation, two water quality objectives (one based on chlorine disinfectant concentrations and one on water age), and tanks sizing cost...
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Problem of optimal load distribution between generators minimizing risk of enegretic ship system overload.
PublicationOmówiono system rozdziału mocy czynnych pomiędzy generatorami w systemie energetycznym statku. Minimalizuje się ryzyko przeciążeń systemu przy jednoczesnej minimalizacji kosztów wytwarzania energii w systemie.
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Evaluation of time and space distribution of magnetic flux density in a steel plate magnetized by a C-core
PublicationBadano wpływ częstości magnesowania płyty stalowej na rozkład przestrzenny indukcji magnetycznej wewnątrz tej płyty. Rozkład ten oceniano na podstawie pomiaru natężenia emisji magnetoakustycznej a także rozkładu na powierzchni płyty natężenia efektu Barkhausena. Wyniki dyskutowane są ilościowo i porównane z wynikami modelowania metodą elementów skończonych, w której uwzględniono efekt powstawania prądów wirowych.
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Charge distribution and magnetic interactions in PrBa2Cu3O7 with substitutional defects and oxygen disorder: the ab initio approach
PublicationW artykule zaprezentowano rezultaty kwantowomechanicznych obliczeń ''ab initio: struktury elektronowej układu PrBa2Cu3O7 zawierającego defekty substytucyjne (Pr_Ba) w podsieci barowo-tlenowej oraz wykazującego zaburzoną stechiometrię tlenową (O5). Badane defekty są odpowiedzialne za redystrybucję ładunku w układzie. Defekty Pr_Ba generują silnie zlokalizowane momenty magnetyczne, które oddziałują głównie na płaszczyzny miedziowo-tlenowe.
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On the Origin of Protein Superfamilies and Superfolds
PublicationDistributions of protein families and folds in genomes are highly skewed, having a small number of prevalent superfamiles/superfolds and a large number of families/folds of a small size. Why are the distributions of protein families and folds skewed? Why are there only a limited number of protein families? Here, we employ an information theoretic approach to investigate the protein sequence-structure relationship that leads to...
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Przesył energii elektrycznej - potrzeby,progi i bariery
PublicationW artykule przeanalizowano stan aktualny i kierunki rozwoju krajowego systemu przesy ł owego w kontek ś cie potrzeb gospodarki krajowej. Przedstawiono znaczenie sieci przesy ł owych oraz rol ę operatorów systemu przesy ł owego i systemów dystrybucyjnych w sektorze energetycznym. Oceniono mo ż liwo ś ci rozwoju przy uwzgl ę dnieniu aktualnych prognoz zapotrzebowania na energi ę , wytyczono potencjalne...
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Minichannel and minigap classification criteria based on the aspect ratio of the minigeometry: A numerical study
PublicationA detailed numerical investigation has been carried out to analyze the diabatic flow distribution and velocity profile in 18 minigeometries with various aspect ratios for V-type and I-type flow configurations (for 36 cases) assuming ethanol as a working fluid. The aim of the study is to distinguish the value of the aspect ratio for which the flow in minigeometry starts to be two-dimensional (minigap). Cases with a constant Reynolds...
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Asymmetrical Modes in Polyphase Motors and Drives
PublicationThe effect of power supply and/or motor asymmetry on the phase-load distribution and the ripple of electromagnetic torque in a polyphase drive is studied by the method of symmetrical components. It is shown that the presence of asymmetry causes the mapping of all harmonics in the supply voltage into all planes of symmetrical components and eliminates the possibility of independent control of harmonics. The dynamic model of a five-phase...