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Search results for: LOW CARBON STEEL
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EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY ON COLLISIONS BETWEEN STEEL STRUCTURES UNDER EARTHQUAKE EXCITATION
PublicationIn the time of high urbanization, the need to build closely-spaced structures forces the designers to take into account earthquake-induced collisions between adjacent buildings and their effects on the response of structures. Past and recent investigations confirmed that interactions between adjacent buildings during earthquakes may cause serious damages to the structural elements and may even lead to total collapse of the structure....
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Dynamic analysis of temporary steel grandstand equipped with different types of bracing system
PublicationIn the paper, behaviour of a temporary steel grandstand equipped with two different types of bracing system has been analysed through the numerical study. A typical solution concerning application of a diagonal tubular members has been compared with elements proposed by authors and called polymer dampers. A polymer element consists of two L-shape steel members bonded with polymer mass. The aim of the paper is to verify the effectiveness...
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Random field modelling of mechanical behaviour of corroded thin steel plate specimens
PublicationThe objective of this work is to explore the possibility of corrosion degradation modelling of thin steel plate specimens with the use of random field approach. The mechanical properties are obtained via the nonlinear Finite Element Analysis with the use of an explicit dynamic solver. The fully nonlinear material model is adopted to obtain the proper stress-strain response. Sensitivity analysis considering the main statistical...
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Influence of Spatial Structures of 316L Stainless Steel on Its Cavitation Erosion Resistance
PublicationCavitation erosion performance of modified macroscopic internal structure 316L stainless steel was investigated. The samples processed by means of SLM method were subjected to cavitation erosion test. The scanning electron microscope Philips 30/ESEM was used to examine morphology of eroded surface.
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Selection of Electrode Material for Inconel 617/P92 Steel SMAW Dissimilar Welds
PublicationThe present work aimed to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties of the dissimilar shielded metal arc welded (SMAW) joint of Alloy 617 and P92 steel for advanced ultrasupercritical boilers. The SMAW joint was produced using three different types of electrodes, namely, ENiCrFe-3, ENiCrMo-3, and ENiCrCoMo-1. During microstructural observation of the welded joints, no possible cracking was detected in the weldments....
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Experimental study on steel columns subjected to impact load under earthquake conditions
PublicationEarthquakes affecting urbanized regions cause exceptional loads to load bearing structural elements such as columns. Such a boost in the load conditions can lead to severe damages which, in a worst case scenario, can lead to a total collapse of a building. This boost is caused by the horizontal ground movement generating a rise in the internal forces due to considerable large displacement between the top and bottom support of columns....
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Improvement of S355G10+N steel weldability in water environment by Temper Bead Welding
PublicationThe normalized S355G10 + N steel was chosen for testing, it is used in a variety of applications including the building of offshore structures, which may require repairs in water environment. The main aim of the work was to check susceptibility to cold cracking for fillet welds – Controlled Thermal Severity (CTS) tests and butt welds – Tekken tests and in the next step evaluation of effectiveness of Temper Bead Welding (TBW) application...
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Comparison of Different Measurement Techniques as Methodology for Surveying and Monitoring Stainless Steel Chimneys
PublicationThe measurement of a chimney axis is an engineering geodesy task. These measurements allow to assess the technical condition of chimneys and are usually carried out for reinforced concrete chimneys. When measuring high chimneys, the main problem may be the need to go a long distance to take a measurement. The surface of the chimney can also be problematic because it can absorb so much light from the range finder that total station...
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Influence of Parameters of Laser Beam Welding on Structure of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel
PublicationLaser welding is used in modern industry, having many advantages comparing to traditional welding technologies. Nowadays, industry sectors such as shipbuilding, automotive and aviation can’t be imagined without laser processing technologies. Possibility of increase of welded joint properties, autogenous welding and high level of process automation makes the technology of laser welding perspective part of the industry. Physical...
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Investigating the effects of structural pounding on the seismic performance of adjacent RC and steel MRFs
PublicationAn insufficient separation distance between adjacent buildings is the main reason for structural pounding during severe earthquakes. The lateral load resistance system, fundamental natural period, mass, and stiffness are important factors having the influence on collisions between two adjacent structures. In this study, 3-, 5- and 9-story adjacent reinforced concrete and steel Moment Resisting Frames (MRFs) were considered to investigate...
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The Effect of Welding Conditions on Mechanical Properties of Superduplex Stainless Steel Welded Joints
PublicationThe tests results of superduplex stainless steel welded joints made with a different heat input, using automatic submerged arc welding (SAW) and semi-automatic flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) have been presented. Metallographic examinations, the measurements of the ferrite content, the width of the heat affected zone (HAZ) and the hardness of the welds in characteristic areas have been performed. Significant differences in the amount of...
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THE EFFECT OF WET UNDERWATER WELDING ON COLD CRACKING SUSCEPTIBILITY OF DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL
PublicationABSTRACT The present work was conducted to assess the weldability of duplex stainless steel in underwater conditions. Metal manual arc welding (MMA) with the use of coated electrodes was used in the investigations. Tekken weldability tests were performed underwater at 0.5 m depth and in the air. Nondestructive tests, metallographic examinations of welds, ferrite content assessment in microstructure and hardness test were performed....
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DETECTION OF DEBONDING IN STEEL BARS EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE USING GUIDED WAVE PROPAGATION
PublicationThe paper presents a non-destructive diagnostic technique based on guided wave propagation phenomenon used to assess the adhesive bonding between a steel bar and a concrete cover. Double-layered cylindrical specimens with different levels of debonding and its location were investigated. The influence of bonding length on the excitation of multiple modes of longitudinal guided waves was analysed. Numerical simulations of guided...
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Guided wave propagation in debonding detection in CFRP-reinforced steel plate-like structures
PublicationThe present study investigates the guided wave propagation in multilayered steel specimens reinforced with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) through theoretical, numerical, and experimental means. The effectiveness of externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) relies heavily on the bonding quality between the CFRP and the substrate. Premature debonding, a prevalent and hazardous defect, can arise from suboptimal manufacturing processes,...
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Problems of analysis of axially loaded steel behavior under laser welded panel
PublicationWprowadzanie do praktyki nowych rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych wymaga posiadania danych wejściowych do procesu modelowania ich zachowania. Takim nowym elementem jest stalowy, spawany laserowo panel typu sandwich. W pracy pokazano wy-brane problemy towarzyszące modelowaniu zachowań takiej struktury. Pokazano podstawy teoretyczne wyznaczania sztyw-ności panelu a następnie omówiono wyniki badań wyboczenio-wych serii modeli o zmiennej geometrii.
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Experimental determination of dynamic properties of cylindrical steel tank model filled with liquid
PublicationIn technical branches, such as chemical or petroleum industries, cylindrical steel tanks are essential structures used for storage of liquid products. Any failure might have disastrous consequences, therefore their safety and reliability is essential. The aim of the present paper is to show the results of the experimental study which has been conducted on a scaled model of a real tank used in Poland. The investigation was carried...
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Application of Barkhausen effect in the impact assessment of welding to internal stress distribution in steel
PublicationThe paper presents identification method of internal stresses in plane steel elements in the chase of deliverance and welding assembly. The assessment was made by means of a non-destructive experimental method based on measurements incorporating local external magnetic field and the measurement of induced voltage, including Barkhausen noise. This method allows a degradation assessment due to internal and external actions, causing...
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Application of Barkhausen effect in the impact assessment of welding to internal stress distribution in steel
PublicationThe paper presents identification method of internal stresses in plane steel elements in the chase of deliverance and welding assembly. The assessment was made by means of a non-destructive experimental method based on measurements incorporating local external magnetic field and the measurement of induced voltage, including Barkhausen noise. This method allows a degradation assessment due to internal and external actions, causing...
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Failure Monitoring and Condition Assessment of Steel-Concrete Adhesive Connection Using Ultrasonic Waves
PublicationAdhesive bonding is increasingly being incorporated into civil engineering applications. Recently, the use of structural adhesives in steel-concrete composite systems is of particular interest. The aim of the study is an experimental investigation of the damage assessment of the connection between steel and concrete during mechanical degradation. Nine specimens consisted of a concrete cube and two adhesively bonded steel plates...
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Experimental and numerical study on polymer element used for reduction of temporary steel grandstand vibrations
PublicationThe purpose of the paper is to analyse the effectiveness of a polymer damper in reduction of a temporary steel grandstand vibrations through the experimental and numerical study. The damper considered in the investigation is constructed out of two L-shape steel members bonded with polymer mass of high damping properties. The element has been installed as a diagonal one at the back part of the structure. The method has been compared...
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Simplified stability analysis of steel cylindrical silos with corrugated walls and vertical columns
PublicationIn the paper a simplified stability analysis of steel cylindrical silos composed of corru¬gated walls and vertical open-sectional columns was proposed. The whole 3D silo was modeled as a single column resting on elastic foundation provided by the silo walls. In proposed formula for the calculation of the foundation stiffness the curvature of the silo walls was taken into account. Three different analyses were carried out using...
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FEM modelling of stress and strain distribution in weld joints of steel sandwich panels
PublicationThe development of laser welding technology has enabled the mass production of thin-walled structures, including steel sandwich panels. The technology of joining plating panels with stiffeners by welding allows us to create joints with a specific geometry and material properties. In comparison with other types of joints, laser welds are characterized by their specific behaviour under cyclic load and, as a consequence, a different...
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The Influence of Impact Velocity on Stresses and Failure of S355j2 Steel Under Slurry Erosion Conditions
PublicationThe purpose of this work was to determine the essence of the influence of the impact velocity (5, 7, and 9 m/s) on Hertzian stresses and the erosion mechanism of ferritic-pearlitic S355J2 steel. The investigations were carried out using a slurry pot tester. S355J2 steel showed a strong sensitivity to changes in impact velocity. A significant increase in erosion rate was observed at a velocity of 9 m/s. This increase was 5-fold...
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The influence of the welding environment on the properties of Tekken joints made from S355J2C+N steel
PublicationThere are three main methods of underwater welding: dry, wet and intermediate between them, by using the local dry chamber. Due to low costs, the most common method is the wet welding with the use of covered electrodes. Water as a welding environment carries out a lot of problems. The first is limited visibility and instability of the welding arc. The biggest problem during underwater welding is high susceptibility to cold cracking,...
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Testing of the longest span soil-steel bridge in Europe – new quality in measurements
PublicationThe article describes interdisciplinary and comprehensive diagnostic tests of final bridge inspection and acceptance proposed for a soil – steel bridge made of corrugated sheets, being the European span length record holder (25.74 m). As an effect of an original concept a detailed and precise information about the structure response was collected. The load test design was based on the nonlinear numerical simulations performed by...
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Corrosion behavior of hydrogen charged super duplex stainless steel welded joints
PublicationThe electrochemical behavior of the weld metal, heat-affected zone (HAZ), and base material of super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) welded joints, made with the application of flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) and submerged arc welding (SAW), were investigated with the use of metallographic examinations (optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy), potentiodynamic polarization measurements and total hydrogen content determination...
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Impact of laser beam welding on mechanical behaviour of 2.25Cr–1Mo (P22) steel
PublicationThe use of welding processes in the manufacturing and repair of structures intended for the energy industry plays a key role in the guarantee of a continuous supply of fossil fuels, which is the basic condition for ensuring energy security. A square butt joint of 10 mm thick plate of 2.25Cr–1Mo (P22) steel was fabricated by autogenous laser beam welding process and then post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) for two sets of process parameters...
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Friction-Induced Oscillations of a Non-Asbestos Organic Pin Sliding on a Steel Disc
PublicationFriction-induced oscillations result in deterioration of performance of disc brakes and are generally undesired. We conduct experimental study of friction-induced oscillations in a non-asbestos organic material / steel pair used in disc brakes of motor vehicles. The tests are done by use of a pin-on-disc machine which has the pin sample supported on a deformable beam. The adjustable friction parameters are the disc velocity, contact...
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The effect of pre-hydrogen charging on corrosion behaviour of superduplex stainless steel welded joints
PublicationThe paper presents results of research undertaken to determine the influence of hydrogen on passivity and corrosion resistance of 2507 super duplex stainless steel welded joints. Butt welded joints were made with low heat input using flux corded arc welding (FCAW) method. Coupons of 5.0 x 5.0 mm were cut from the welded joints containing weld metal (WM), heat affected zone (HAZ) and parent metal (PM). Hydrogen was introduced...
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Effects of Column Base Flexibility on Seismic Response of Steel Moment-Frame Buildings
PublicationSteel Moment Resisting Frames (SMRFs) are very popular lateral load resisting systems in many seismically active regions. However, their seismic response is strongly dependent on the rotational fixity of column base connections. Despite many studies (both experimental and numerical) in this particular area, available approaches for estimating column base flexibility have been validated only against laboratory test data. In the...
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The buckling analysis of a cold-formed steel C-sectional column resting on an elastic foundation
PublicationThe paper is focused on stability analysis of different models of steel cold-formed C-section column. The analysed element may be applied as a primary load-bearing member in steel trusses or silo columns. The column can be used as a support for a wall of roof plates made of corrugated sheets. The wall sheeting that restrains the column against buckling may be considered as an elastic foundation. Due to the design solutions the...
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Effect of Base-Connection Strength and Ductility on the Seismic Performance of Steel Moment-Resisting Frames
PublicationColumn-base connections in steel moment-resisting frames (SMFs) in seismic regions are commonly designed to develop the capacity of adjoining column with an intent to develop a plastic hinge in the column member, rather than in the connection (i.e., a strong-base design). Recent research has shown base connections to possess high ductility, indicating that this practice may be not only expensive but also unnecessary. This suggests...
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Dynamic analysis of temporary steel grandstand subjected to human-induced excitations due to jumping
PublicationSteel grandstands are structures that are frequently used during sport games and many other non-sporting events, such as festivals, music concerts, or even politicians rallies, with participation of a large number of attendees. Unfortunately, the presence of unexpected excessive dynamic loads due to unpredictable behaviour of spectators (e.g. synchronized harmonic jumping or swaying) may lead to...
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Seismic probabilistic assessment of steel and reinforced concrete structures including earthquake-induced pounding
PublicationRecent earthquakes demonstrate that prioritizing the retrofitting of buildings should be of the utmost importance for enhancing the seismic resilience and structural integrity of urban structures. To have a realistic results of the pounding effects in modeling process of retrofitting buildings, the present research provides seismic Probability Factors (PFs), which can be used for estimating collision effects without engaging in...
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Diagnosis of Damage in a Steel Tank with Self-Supported Roof through Numerical Analysis
PublicationThe safety of civil engineering structures is one of the most important issues of building industry. That is why the assessment of the damage-involved structural response has recently become of major concern to engineers. Among a number of different approaches to diagnosis of damage, the method of measuring the changes in natural frequencies is considered to be one of the most effective indicators of global damage. From the practical...
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Imaging of Increasing Damage in Steel Plates Using Lamb Waves and Ultrasound Computed Tomography
PublicationThis paper concerns inspection of steel plates, with particular emphasis on the assessment of in-creasing damage. Non-destructive tests were performed on four plates, one of which was un-damaged, while the remaining three had a defects in the form of circular holes with a diameter of 2, 5, and 10 cm. Guided Lamb waves were used in the research, and the image reconstruction was performed using ultrasound computed tomography. The...
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Response of cylindrical steel tank under stochastically generated non-uniform earthquake excitation
PublicationCylindrical steel tanks are very important structures in industrial facilities since their application is related to storing different types of products. Their safety and reliability have become a crucial issue because any damage may cause significant consequences, including ecological disaster. The most dangerous dynamic load acting on cylindrical steel tanks is related to earthquakes, especially that the seismic excitation may...
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Numerical investigation on behaviour of cylindrical steel tanks during mining tremors and moderate earthquakes
PublicationCylindrical steel tanks are important components of industrial facilities. Their safety becomes a crucial issue since any failure may cause catastrophic consequences. The aim of the paper is to show the results of comprehensive FEM numerical investigation focused on the response of cylindrical steel tanks under mining tremors and moderate earthquakes. The effects of different levels of liquid filling, the influence of non-uniform...
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Cavitation Erosion Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steel after Glow-Discharge Nitriding Process
PublicationThis paper presents investigation of cavitation erosion resistance of nitrided austenitic stainless steel X5CrNi18-10. The diffusion layers were produced by using different parameters of atmosphere (N2:H2). The microstructure, chemical composition and phase identification of the modified layer were examined using scanning electron microscopy, glow-discharge optical emission spectrometer and X-ray diffractometry, respectively. Cavitation...
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Influence of sulphur on high temperature degradation of steel structures in the refinery industry
PublicationArtykuł stanowi przegląd skutków wpływu związków siarki, znajdujących się w mediach procesowych instalacji rafineryjnych, na elementy konstrukcji ze stali węglowych i stopowych. Wyróżniono dwa aspekty wysokotemperaturowej korozji siarkowej: związany z tworzeniem się zgorzeliny siarczkowej i ubytkami masy oraz dotyczący wewnętrznej degradacji elementu w wyniku zmian mikrostruktury stali. Przedstawiono tzw. zmodyfikowane krzywe McConomy...
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Comparative analysis of numerical models of arch-shaped steel sheet sections
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Experimental Verification of Natural Vibration Models of Steel-concrete Composite Beams
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Vibration of Steel–Concrete Composite Beams Using the Timoshenko Beam Model
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Evaluation of porous 430L stainless steel for SOFC operation at intermediate temperatures
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono badania porowatej stali nierdzewnej typu 430L do zastosowań w tlenkowych ogniwach paliwowych jako podłoża. Podłoża były poddawane utlenianiu w powietrzu oraz w wodorze i analizowane z wykorzystaniem mikroskopu elektronowego, dyfrakcji rentgenowskiej i termograwimetrii cyklicznej.
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Analysis of the amount of retained austenite in the structure of steel rolls for sheet rolling
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Multiaxial fatigue behaviour of maraging steel produced by selective laser melting
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Problems of strength modelling of steel sandwich panels under in-plate load
PublicationW pracy omówiono zagadnienia wytrzymałości statycznej stalowych paneli typu sandwich spawanych laserowo. Omówiono charakterystyki sztywności podczas zginania, przedstawiono zachowanie pod obciążeniem równomiernie rozłożonym a także sposób niszczenia pod obciążeniem ściskającym. Omówiono możliwości stosowania takich konstrukcji na podstawie wniosków z badań.
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Hydrogen induced degradation of structural steel exposed to the technical liquid hydrocarbons
PublicationBadano degradacje stali 26H2MF w mieszaninach węglowodorów. Badania były prowadzone pod stałym obciążeniem i przy małej prędkości 10-6s-1
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Interlayer defect evolution in an coating system on steel under hydromechanical loading
PublicationZaprezentowano wyniki pomiarów impedancyjnych obszaru międzywarstwowego w systemie powłokowym poddanym naprężeniom. Przedstawiono nowy sensor który jest zdolny do detekcji defektów w obszarze międzywarstwowym. Dwuwarstwowy system powłokowy przeznacziony do zastosowań morskich zbadano w celu określenia jego odporności na oddziaływanie cyklicznych naprężeń i zanurzeń w 3% roztworze NaCl.
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Guided waves in steel rails - experimental works and wavelet signal processing
PublicationW artykule zaprezentowano analizę falkową pomierzonych eksperymentalnie fal sprężystych wzbudzanych w szynach kolejowych.