Search results for: REGULATION OF ACTIVE POWER FLOW
-
The effect of an active force while slide diamond burnishing of wooden shafts upon process quality
PublicationThe quality of the surface of wooden elements that have been turned and burnished has got a crucial meaning in the whole production process flow, since the obtained effects affect the quality of the wooden surface after finishing (coating, painting). In the paper, selected results of the investigation of the effect of the burnishing process on the surface quality of the elements after turning are presented. Research experiments...
-
Assessment, optimisation and working fluid comparison of organic rankine cycle combined with negative CO2 gas power plant system
PublicationThis study aims to investigate the application of the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) as an alternative to low-pressure expansion in the negative CO2 power plant (nCO2PP). The reason for this study is that a detailed analysis of nCO2PP indicates a certain amount of waste heat present in the exhaust gas from the high-to-intermediate pressure gas turbine. Some of this energy can be used by the application of the expansion in a low-pressure...
-
Direct-contact condensation from vapour- gas mixture in a spray ejector condenser for negative CO2 power plant
PublicationDirect-contact condensation of vapour containing the inert gas on a spray of subcooled liquid exists in a number of technical applications. For example, it may be found in the nuclear industry (e.g. pressurized jet under normal operating conditions, in safety analyses) or in the chemical industry (e.g. mixing-type heat exchanger, degasser, sea water desalting). The problem is also essential to modelling and analysis of some...
-
Power Electronic Transformer For Smart Grid Application
PublicationIn this paper the control system of Power Electronic Transformer (PET) for the Smart Grid application is proposed. The structure of PET is based on two Cascaded H-bridge (CHB) converters. The electrical energy is transferred between converters using Dual-Active-Bridges (DAB) and high-frequency transformers. This type of coupling has been used to connect the DC-links of all H-bridges. The proposed control system for PET makes it...
-
Multiple output differential OTA with linearizing bulk-driven active-error feedback loop for continuous-time filter applications
PublicationA CMOS circuit realization of a highly linear multiple-output differential operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) has been proposed. The presented approach exploits a differential pair as an input stage with both the gate and the bulk terminals as signal ports. For the proposed OTA, improved linearity is obtained by means of the active-error feedback loop operating at the bulk terminals of the input stage. SPICE simulations...
-
Wpływ uwarunkowań rzeczywistych na pracę równoległego filtru aktywnego sterowanego ze sprzężeniem od prądu zasilającego
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wpływ uwarunkowań rzeczywistych na pracę równoległego filtru aktywnego i zdolność kompensacji prądów harmonicznych. Zbadano wpływ opóźnień czasowych wynikających z implementacji cyfrowej sterowania, wpływ impedancji zwarciowej sieci zasilającej oraz błędów generowania napięcia przekształtnika na jakość kompensacji filtru. Badania symulacyjne przeprowadzono dla trzech układów sterowania: otwartego, zamkniętego...
-
Analysis of cyclone separator solutions depending on spray ejector condenser conditions
PublicationThe core design strategy for minimizing CO2 emissions in gas power plant entails combining a spray ejector condenser (SEC) and separator to accomplish steam condensation and CO2 purification. This innovative process involves direct-contact condensation of steam with CO2, facilitated by interaction with a subcooled water spray, along with a cyclone separator mechanism intended for generating pure CO2. The investigation of the SEC...
-
A novel concept of enhanced direct-contact condensation of vapour- inert gas mixture in a spray ejector condenser
PublicationAn analytical model of direct steam condensation (DCC) in the novel idea of spray ejector condenser (SEC) in the presence of inert gas has been developed. It is based on continuity, momentum and energy equations for the steam-carbon dioxide mixture and direct contact condensation mechanisms due to heat transfer and concentration. Crucial in the process of DCC is atomisation of the motive fluid in the ejector. The effect of atomised...
-
Efficiency of service recovery in scale-free optical networks under multiple node failures
PublicationIn this paper we examine the properties of scale-free networks in case of simultaneous failures of two networknodes. Survivability assumptions are as follows: end-to-end path protection with two node-disjoint backup pathsfor each working path. We investigate three models of scale-free networks generation: IG, PFP and BA.Simulations were to measure the lengths of active and backup paths and the values of service recovery time.We...
-
Static Series and Shunt-series PE Voltage-quality Controllers
PublicationAs presented in the Chap. 7 static shunt power electronics (PE) voltage-quality controllers protect the utility electrical system from the unfavorable impact of customer loads. Shunt controllers, as shown in Chap. 6, are recommended mainly for mitigation of the causes of disturbances, and not their effects in distanced nodes of a power-electronics system. In the case when reduction of disturbances effects is required, which leads...
-
Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements of Airflow in Electrohydrodynamic Device for Dust Particle Collection
PublicationIn this paper the pumping effect of air in the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) device for dust particle collection is presented. To induce an airflow in this EHD device corona discharge was used. The discharge was generated between the one-sided spike electrodes and the plate electrodes. The asymmetric electric field and generated discharge resulted in a unidirectional airflow through the EHD device. The current-voltage characteristics...
-
Wieloobszarowa regulacja systemu turbogeneratora elektrowni jądrowej =Multiregional control of nuclear power plant turbogenerator system
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono propozycję zaawansowanej struktury sterowania układem turbogeneratora w szerokim zakresie zmian zapotrzebowania na moc czynną. Dla potrzeb syntezy tej struktury wykorzystano nieliniowe, dynamiczne modele turbiny parowej i generatora synchronicznego współpracującego z systemem elektroenergetycznym. Zaproponowane algorytmy sterowania oparte są odpowiednio o wieloobszarowe regulatory rozmyte, z lokalnymi regulatorami...
-
Design Equation for Stirring Fluid by a Stream Pump in a Circulating Tank
PublicationA circulating tank is a very useful theoretical scheme for many fluid-flow objects in several branches of engineering. The motion of the fluid in such objects can be induced in different ways. A stream pump provides an especially interesting possibility; however, the quantitative description of such devices shows some shortcomings. Such a device is analogous to a jet pump, thus has similar advantages (simplicity of construction,...
-
Behavior of residual current devices at earth fault currents with DC component
PublicationLow-voltage electrical installations are increasingly saturated with power electronic converters. Due to very high popularity of photovoltaic (PV) installations and the spread of electric vehicles (EV) as well as their charging installations, DC–AC and AC–DC converters are often found in power systems. The transformerless coupling of AC and DC systems via power electronic converters means that an electrical installation containing...
-
Comparative study of a bottoming SRC and ORC for Joule–Brayton cycle cooling modular HTR exergy losses, fluid-flow machinery main dimensions, and partial loads
PublicationEnergy conversion efficiency increase in power plants with high-temperature gas-cooled reactors via implementation of the bottoming cycle was investigated under nominal and minimal thermal load of a high-temperature reactor (HTR). Heat transfer surface area and turbine outlet volumetric flow rate in bottoming cycles was also investigated. Water and two low-boiling point working fluids (ammonia and ethanol) were analyzed. Analyzed...
-
Numerical analysis of CO2-water separation in a horizontal double T-junction
PublicationCarbon dioxide is considered one of the main factors leading to global warming. Considering the significant impacts of CO2 on climate change, various technologies have been developed in recent decades to control carbon emission, such as for example CO2 capture and storage. The developed cycle of a negative CO2 emission power plant includes some devices, out of which, separator plays an indispensable role. To this end, T-junction...
-
Badania układu UPFC w oparciu o model laboratoryjny i symulacyjny
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono koncepcję oraz sposób realizacji laboratoryjnego modelu układu UPFC. Układ zrealizowano według nowej metodyki oferującej elastyczność w szerokim zakresie testowania nowych algorytmów sterowania. W referacie zaprezentowano też przykładowe wyniki prób eksperymentalnych potwierdzające słuszność przyjętej koncepcji sterowania. Dane pomiarowe zostały również wykorzystane do celów walidacji opracowanego modelu...
-
ROBOT TYPU QUADROCOPTER STEROWANY MIKROKONTROLERAMI O NIEWIELKIEJ MOCY OBLICZENIOWEJ
PublicationWspółczesna robotyka rozwija się bardzo dynamicznie. Coraz więcej osób prywatnych i inżynierów konstruuje różnego rodzaju pojazdy mobilne. Dlatego autorzy niniejszego referatu postawili sobie następującą tezę: możliwa jest budowa latającego robota mobilnego na bazie kontrolera o niskiej mocy obliczeniowej oraz prostego regulatora, i podjęli się jej udowodnienia.
-
Secondary arc modelling for single pole reclosing analyses
PublicationThe paper discusses two evaluation methods of single pole auto-reclosing process effectiveness in HV transmission lines. Secondary arc current and recovery voltage calculation results obtained by load flow calculation are compared to the results obtained by the time domain simulations. Moreover, a nonlinear secondary arc model implementation is presented. The paper presents the study results for the three types of EHV transmission...
-
INTENSYFIKACJA WYMIANY CIEPŁA W WYMIENNIKU WĘŻOWNICOWYM Z WYKORZYSTANIEM PRZEGRÓD O RÓŻNEJ GEOMETRII
PublicationW pracy zaprezentowano możliwości wykorzystania pasywnej intensyfikacji wymiany ciepła w postaci przegród dla podniesienia efektywności energetycznej wymiennika wężownicowego. Badania zostały przeprowadzone z wykorzystaniem modułowego wymiennika z wężownicą w postaci grzałki elektrycznej. Medium odbierającym ciepło była woda o stałych parametrach cieplnoprzepływowych na wlocie do modułu. Pomiary przeprowadzono dla szerokiego zakresu...
-
Numerical Simulation of Catastrophic Flood: the Case Study of Hypothetical Failure of the Bielkowo Hydro–Power Plant Reservoir
PublicationThe numerical modeling of flood wave propagation following the hypo-thetical breaks of the embankments of the Bielkowo hydro–power plant storage reservoir (Kolbudy II Reservoir) on the Radunia River in Poland have been presented. The results of computations were used to estimate the parameters of the flood waves, which are indispensable for the flood zone determination and mapping and then for the flood risk analysis. When estimating...
-
Performance Analysis of the OpenCL Environment on Mobile Platforms
PublicationToday’s smartphones have more and more features that so far were only assigned to personal computers. Every year these devices are composed of better and more efficient components. Everything indicates that modern smartphones are replacing ordinary computers in various activities. High computing power is required for tasks such as image processing, speech recognition and object detection. This paper analyses the performance of...
-
Iterative learning approach to active noise control of highly autocorrelated signals with applications to machinery noise
PublicationThis paper discusses the design and application of iterative learning control (ILC) and repetitive control (RC) for high modal density systems. Typical examples of these systems are structural and acoustical systems considered in active structural acoustic control (ASAC) and active noise control (ANC) applications. The application of traditional ILC and RC design techniques, which are based on a parametric system model, on systems...
-
Predykcyjne sterowanie równoległym filtrem aktywnym ze sprzężeniem od prądu zasilającego
PublicationArtykuł przedstawia nowatorską strategię predykcyjnego sterowania równoległym energetycznym filtrem aktywnym (EFA). Proponowane sterowanie zawiera sprzężenie zwrotne od prądu zasilającego i wiąże zalety sterowania w układzie otwartym oraz zamkniętym – szybkość reakcji na zmianę prądu odbioru i bardzo wysoką skuteczność kompensacji. Wysoka jakość prądu kompensacyjnego wynika również z zastosowania w sterowaniu algorytmów predykcyjnych,...
-
Synthesis Methods and Favorable Conditions for Spherical Vaterite Precipitation: A Review
PublicationVaterite is the least thermodynamically stable anhydrous calcium carbonate polymorph. It exists very rare in nature, e.g. in some rock formations or as a component of biominerals produced by some fishes, crustaceans or birds. Synthetic vaterite particles are proposed as carriers of active substances in medicines, additive in cosmetic preparations as well as adsorbents. Also, their utilization as a pump for microfluidic flow is...
-
Active management of equipment cooling in hoteling data centers
PublicationHoteling data centers are designated for housing computing and storage units of many, usually small customers, as opposed to traditional data centers supporting own computing and storage resources of a bigger company. One of the services to be provided to consumer’s equipment is cooling. Cooling in data centers is prevalently achieved by circulating air in computer room. Efficient cooling requires delivering cold air from central...
-
Metal (Mo, W, Ti) Carbide Catalysts: Synthesis and Application as Alternative Catalysts for Dry Reforming of Hydrocarbons—A Review
PublicationDry reforming of hydrocarbons (DRH) is a pro-environmental method for syngas production. It owes its pro-environmental character to the use of carbon dioxide, which is one of the main greenhouse gases. Currently used nickel catalysts on oxide supports suffer from rapid deactivation due to sintering of active metal particles or the deposition of carbon deposits blocking the flow of gases through the reaction tube. In this view,...
-
CFD analysis of fluid flow through the labyrinth seal
PublicationSteam and gas turbines are some of the fundamental means of power generation. The energy efficiency of the turbines, however, is not satisfactory. Ever since the start-up of the first turbine in the world, engineers have been striving for their increased efficiency. Multiple solutions to the problem of steam loss in an operating turbine are available. The use of seals is one of them. Empirical methods or numerical calculations...
-
Development of a spray-ejector condenser for the use in a negative CO2 emission gas power plant
PublicationOne promising solution for developing low-emission power technologies is using gaseous fuel combustion in pure oxygen when the exhaust gas mixture is composed of H2O and CO2, and where CO2 is separated after steam condensation. The paper presents the results of computational analyses providing to the Spray-Ejector Condenser (SEC) development, which is one of the crucial components of the negative CO2 gas power plant (nCO2PP) cycle...
-
Modified Preisach model of hysteresis in multi air gap ferrite core medium frequency transformer
PublicationThis article presents the modified Preisach model of hysteresis for a 3-phase medium frequency transformer in a 100 kW dual active bridge converter. The transformer magnetic core is assembled out of ferrite I-cores, which results in multiple parasitic air gaps. For this transformer, the hysteresis loops were measured and parameters of the Preisach model were determined. The Preisach distribution function is approximated with a...
-
Semi complex navigation with an active optical gesture sensor
PublicationThis paper presents the methods of diversified touchless interactions between a user and a mobile platform utilizing the optical gesture sensor. The sensor uses 8 photodiodes to measure the reflected light in the active mode (using embedded LEDs) or it measures shadows caused by fingers in the passive mode. Several algorithms were implemented: automatic mode switching, adaptive illumination level compensation, resolution improvements...
-
The Practice of Dyadic Interviewing: Strengths, Limitations and Key Decisions
PublicationDyadic interviews, in which two participants are interviewed together, are becoming more popular in qualitative research, but are much less discussed in the methodological literature than individual and group forms. In this article, we consider the nature and value of dyadic interviews, recognizing them as active, relational encounters, shaped by what all parties bring to them, and infused with issues of power. Drawing on our research...
-
Non-Adaptive Speed and Position Estimation of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator in Grid-Connected Operations
PublicationThe nonadaptive speed and position estimation scheme for a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is presented in this article. The observer structure is based on the extension of the mathematical model of DFIG to the introduced H vector. Based on the defined H vector, the nonadaptive position and speed estimation is proposed. The Lyapunov method is extended to the practical stability theorem to stabilize the structure. The classic...
-
ARCHITECTURE OF HYDROPOWER PLANTS IN POMORZE
PublicationThe history of energetic use of the rivers of Pomerania (Pomorze) is traced from the late Middle Ages. Their potential due to geographical specificity of the region was still attractive in the era of electricity of the19th and the first half of the 20th century. Configuration of the terrain, geological, and natural restrictions, but mainly energetic potential of particular localization were crucial for economical success of the...
-
Improvement of Oxygen Electrode Performance of Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Cells by Spray Pyrolysis Deposited Active Layers
PublicationIntermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells oxygen electrodes are modified by active interfacial layers. Spray pyrolysis is used to produce thin (≈500 nm) layers of mixed ionic and electronic conductors: Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3−δ (SSC), La0.6Sr0.4CoO3−δ (LSC), La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (LSCF), and Pr6O11 (PrOx) on the electrode–electrolyte interface. The influence of the annealing temperature on the electrode polarization (area specific...
-
Lagrangian model of an isolated dc-dc converter with a 3-phase medium frequency transformer accounting magnetic cross saturation
PublicationThis article presents a nonlinear equivalent circuit model of an isolated dc-dc converter with a 3-phase medium frequency transformer. The model takes into account the magnetic cross saturation of the 3-phase core-type magnetic circuit. The model is suitable in detailed electromagnetic transient simulations of power systems involving isolated dc-dc converters. The model is developed using the Lagrange energy method. It involves...
-
Experimental ORC micro-power plant for CHP application Part B: Radial and Multi-stage axial turbines
PublicationThe co-generative micro-power plant with the HFE7100 applied as a working medium was designed and built for experimental investigations. Special attention is paid to a micro-turbine which was built and tested in two variants: a radial turbine and an axial turbine. A concept of a radial turbine with 2 centripetal and 2 centrifugal stages is shown. This prototype was equipped with an aerostatic gas bearing and, alternatively, with...
-
Experimental investigations on heat transfer enhancement in shell coil heat exchanger with VARIABLE Baffles GEOMETRY
PublicationThe paper presents the possibility of using passive intensification of heat transfer in the form of baffles to increase the energy efficiency of the shell and coil heat exchanger. The experiment was carried out by using a modular coil heat exchanger in the form of an electric heater. Water was used as a working fluid with constant thermal-flow parameters at the inlet of the module. It should be noted that experiments were made...
-
CO2 capture through direct-contact condensation in a spray ejector condenser and T- junction separator
PublicationThe design principle underlying the steam condensation and CO2 purification in a gas power plant with a focus on reducing CO2 emissions encompasses the deployment of a spray ejector condenser (SEC) and separator. This innovative system facilitates direct-contact condensation of steam with non-condensable gas (CO2) by inter acting with a spray of subcooled water, seamlessly integrated with a T-junction separator mechanism aimed...
-
Review of Selected Methods for Prediction of Added Resistance in Following Waves
PublicationThe added resistance in waves is a mean value of non-linear, second order reaction of a ship to incoming waves. In the beginning of the 20th century, the experimental methods for investigation of ship hydrodynamics at model scale were developed. They allowed the evaluation of added resistance by measurements in irregular waves (directly) or by measurements in regular waves (in-direct method). The main goal was to find more precise...
-
Validation of atmospheric aerosols parallel sampling in a multifold device
PublicationIn this work, particulate matter was collected using an active sampling system consisting of a PM10 (<10 μm) inlet coupled to a multifold device containing six channels, connected to a vacuum pump. Each channel was equipped with a filter holder fitted with adequately chosen filters. The system was fixed on a metallic structure, which was placed on the roof of the laboratory building, at the Faculty of Sciences, in Lisbon. Sampling...
-
Experiment-Based Study of Heat Dissipation from the Power Cable in a Casing Pipe
PublicationThe paper deals with the important challenges in terms of electricity transmission by means of underground cable lines. The power cable’s performance is characterized by an ampacity that represents its maximum electric current-carrying capacity. The ampacity of power cables depends on their ability to diffuse the heat generated by the current flow into the environment. In the performed research, the analysis of the efficiency of...
-
Structure and the space vector modulation for a medium-voltage power-electronic-transformer based on two seven-level cascade H-bridge inverters
PublicationThis study presents the structure and the space vector pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) for power electronic transformer (PET) based on two seven-level cascade H-bridge (CHB) inverters. The DC links of CHB inverters are coupled with nine dual-active bridge (DAB) converters with medium-frequency transformers. The DC-link voltages are equalised with two methods – through the control of DAB voltages...
-
Feedback Control of Doubly-Fed Generator Connected to Current Source Converter
PublicationDoubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) system supplied by current source converter (CSC) is considered in this article. The DFIG can work in two independent modes: AC grid connection and stand-alone mode. The DFIG is connected to the ac grid directly through its stator and the CSC links the rotor side. In this mode, the active and reactive powers of the DFIG must be controlled. This article proposes two control system structures...
-
DESIGN ANALYSIS OF HYBRID GAS TURBINE - FUEL CELL POWER PLANT IN STATIONARY AND MARINE APPLICATIONS
PublicationThe paper concerns design analysis of a hybrid gas turbine power plant with a fuel cell (stack). The aim of this work was to find the most favorable variant of the medium capacity (approximately 50 MW) hybrid system. In the article, computational analysis of two variants of such a system was carried out. The analysis let to calculate capacity, efficiency of both variants and other parameters like flu gas temperature. The paper...
-
Performance Characteristics of a Micro-Turbine
PublicationIn the paper a design of a multi-stage micro-turbine with partial admission of all the stages is described in detail and the results of particular experimental investigations and numerical calculations are shown, followed by conclusions. The co-generative micro-power plant with the HFE7100 as a working medium was designed and built for experimental investigations. The values of the main cycle parameters were as follows:heat output:...
-
Performance Characteristics of a Micro-turbine, International
Publication. In the paper a design of a multi-stage micro-turbine with partial admission of all the stages is described in detail and the results of particular experimental investigations and numerical calculations are shown, followed by conclusions. The co-generative micro-power plant with the HFE7100 as a working medium was designed and built for experimental investigations. The values of the main cycle parameters were as follows:- heat...
-
Mathematical Models of Control Systems of Angular Speed of Steam Turbines for Diagnostic Tests of Automatic and Mechatronic Devices
PublicationAccurate modeling of physical processes of many automatics and mechatronics systems is often necessity. In power system such a process is control of angular velocity of power objects during connection to operation in parallel. This process is extremely dynamic. For this reason response of control system depends from changes of many physical parameters (temperature, pressure and flow of the medium, etc.). Precision modeling influences...
-
Quality Evaluation of Speech Transmission via Two-way BPL-PLC Voice Communication System in an Underground Mine
PublicationIn order to design a stable and reliable voice communication system, it is essential to know how many resources are necessary for conveying quality content. These parameters may include objective quality of service (QoS) metrics, such as: available bandwidth, bit error rate (BER), delay, latency as well as subjective quality of experience (QoE) related to user expectations. QoE is expressed as clarity of speech and the ability...
-
SiC-based T-type modules for multi-pulse inverter with coupled inductors
PublicationThe paper presents SiC-based three-level T-type modules designed for a high-performance 30kVA DC/AC inverter operating at high frequency 85 kHz with low THD of the output voltage. This inverter system consists of two integrated parts. The first part is active and contains three parallelconnected three-phase T-type modules built with fast-switching SiC power transistors. The second, passive part of the system is a set of inductors...