Search results for: SURFACE PROPERTIES
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Correlation between partial inhibition of hydrogen evolution using thiourea and catalytic activity of AB5-type hydrogen storage alloy towards borohydride electrooxidation
PublicationDirect borohydride fuel cells (DBFCs) are devices which directly convert the chemical energy stored in the borohydride ion and oxidant into electrical energy as a result of redox reactions. Unfortunately, a significant amount of fuel is lost as a result of the undesirable hydrolysis reaction. The selection of an efficient borohydride hydrolysis inhibitor requires detailed knowledge regarding the interaction mechanism between the...
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Highly Active TiO2 Microspheres Formation in the Presence of Ethylammonium Nitrate Ionic Liquid
PublicationSpherical microparticles of TiO2 were synthesized by the ionic liquid-assisted solvothermal method at different reaction times (3, 6, 12, and 24 h). The properties of the prepared photocatalysts were investigated by means of UV-VIS diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy...
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Combined spline wavelet decomposition for 3d seafloor imaging from multibeam sonar echoes
PublicationThe paper proposes combined spline-wavelet approach to the raw echoes seaflor imaging from Multibeam Sonar System (MBSS) records. Wavelet representation is closely related to image representation, due to its unique approximations properties. Splines have the best approximation properties among all known wavelets of a given order, so they are best suited for approximating of smooth seafloor surface. Additionaly, wavelet bases have...
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Final report on noise and rolling resistance
PublicationWork Package 6 deals with environmental impacts of PERS use, including noise and rolling resistance. This report covers preliminary noise tests performed in the laboratory and at the road test sites. The obtained results indicate that PERS material reduce noise considerably - up to 12 dB in comparison to SMA16 reference surface. Noise reduction properties are especially visible in the case of factory produced PERS slabs supplied...
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Optical monitoring of electrochemical processes with ITO-based lossy-mode resonance optical fiber sensor applied as an electrode
PublicationIn this work we discuss the application of optical fiber sensors based on lossy-mode resonance (LMR) phenomenon for real-time optical monitoring of electrochemical processes. The sensors were obtained by a reactive high power impulse magnetron sputtering of indium tin oxide (ITO) on a 2.5 cm-long core of polymer-clad silica fibers. The LMR effect made monitoring of changes in optical properties of both ITO and its surrounding medium...
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Charge density wave and large nonsaturating magnetoresistance in YNiC2 and LuNiC2
PublicationWe report a study of physical properties of two quasi-low-dimensional metals YNiC2 and LuNiC2 including the investigation of transport, magnetotransport, galvanomagnetic, and specific heat properties. In YNiC2 we reveal two subsequent transitions associated with the formation of weakly coupled charge density wave at TCDW=318K and its locking in with the lattice at T1=275K. These characteristic temperatures follow the previously...
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General Mechanism of Osmolytes’ Influence on Protein Stability Irrespective of the Type of Osmolyte Cosolvent
PublicationThe stability of proteins in an aqueous solution can be modified by the presence of osmolytes. The hydration sphere of stabilizing osmolytes is strikingly similar to the enhanced hydration sphere of a protein. This similarity leads to an increase in the protein stability. Moreover, the hydration sphere of destabilizing osmolytes is significantly different. These solutes generate in their surroundings so-called “structurally different...
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A review on electrospun membranes for potential air filtration application
PublicationAir pollution is one of the major environmental concerns in most highly populated cities, which is typically caused by particulate (PM2.5 and PM0.1) or gaseous pollutants that can be removed using electrospun membranes. These membranes are characterized by different features in terms of uniform and controllable structure, tuneable porosity, and high surface area, where their separation efficiency strongly depends on their properties....
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The influence of magnetic particle incorporation on bisphenol A removal by β-cyclodextrin-derived sorbent
PublicationA novel, biomass-derived hybrid sorbent Ban-CD-EPI-Fe was successfully synthesized in a coprecipitation method, in which β-cyclodextrin copolymerized with banana peel extract and epichlorohydrin was grafted onto an iron oxide surface. The composition, presence of functional groups, morphology, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the obtained material were characterized by Powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Photoelectron...
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TiO 2 Co x O y composite nanotube arrays via one step electrochemical anodization for visible light–induced photocatalytic reaction
PublicationTiO2CoxOy (x = 1, y = 1 or x = 3, y = 4) composite photocatalysts have been synthesized via one step anodic anodization of TiCo alloys. The effects of the cobalt content in the alloy (5, 10 and 15 wt%), water content (2, 5 and 10%) in the electrolyte solution, and applied voltage (30, 40 and 50 V) during the anodization process on the morphology and surface properties. Additionally, the dependence of cobalt content in the nanotubes...
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Electrophoretic Deposition of Chitosan/Eudragit E 100/AgNPs Coatings for Controlled Release of Antibacterial Substance
PublicationThe development of bacterial infection of the tissues surrounding an implant is one of the leading causes of implant surgery failure. In order to prevent the deposition of bacteria on the implant surface and the formation of biofilm, coatings that exhibit antibacterial properties are manufactured. However, the problem is the controlled release of the therapeutic substance from the coating over the extended life of the implant [1],...
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Reliability of Corroded Stiffened Plate Subjected to Uniaxial Compressive Loading
PublicationThe work is focused on the reliability of corroded stiffened plates subjected to compressive uniaxial load based on the progressive collapse approach as stipulated by the Common Structural Rules for Bulk Carriers and Oil Tankers, employing the limit state design. Two different cases have been investigated. In the first model, the corrosion degradation led to uniform thickness loss, whereas the mechanical properties were unchanged,...
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Mathematical approach to design 3D scaffolds for the 3D printable bone implant
PublicationThis work demonstrates that an artificial scaffold structure can be designed to exhibit mechanical properties close to the ones of real bone tissue, thus highly reducing the stress-shielding phenomenon. In this study the scan of lumbar vertebra fragment was reproduced to create a numerical 3D model (this model was called the reference bone sample). New nine 3D scaffold samples were designed and their numerical models were created....
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Effects of FSW Tool Plunge Depth on Properties of an Al-Mg-Si Alloy T-Joint: Thermomechanical Modeling and Experimental Evaluation
PublicationOne of the main challenging issues in friction stir welding (FSW) of stiffened structures is maximizing skin and flange mixing. Among the various parameters in FSW that can affect the quality of mixing between skin and flange is tool plunge depth (TPD). In this research, the effects of TPD during FSW of an Al-Mg-Si alloy T-joint are investigated. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method can help understand TPD effects on FSW...
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Waste printer ink as modifier for natural rubber/carbon black composites: No haste, use waste
PublicationFrom a sustainability perspective, achieving a greener future with a minimal carbon footprint requires maximizing waste materials' reuse. The four pillars of satisfying customer demands are processing, price, properties, and performance. Along with such a global policy, this work seeks to utilize waste printer ink (WPI) as a source of carbon in combination with low- and high-surface carbon black (LCB and HCB, respectively) additives...
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Giant Reed (Arundo donax L.) Fiber Extraction and Characterization for Its Use in Polymer Composites
PublicationThis work describes an extraction method for giant reed fibers from stems and leaves based on chemical soaking and crushing through a rolling mill. Obtained fibers, together with the shredded plant (stems + leaves), are characterized in terms of chemical composition, thermal stability, morphology, and crystallinity. Mechanical properties of fibers have also been assessed (single fiber tensile tests). The results show that the proposed...
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The resistance of S235JR steel to cavitation erosion
PublicationThe erosion resistance of S235JR steel to flow cavitation was investigated. In order to understand an influence of steel properties and cavitation intensities on the degradation mechanisms, low-carbon S235JR steel was tested in the as-received state and after thermal treatment (annealing) under four different flow velocities. Annealing decreased steel hardness, which made S235JR steel less resistant to cavitation erosion. The performed...
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Zirconia ceramics with additions of Alumina for advanced tribological and biomedical applications
PublicationThe results of an investigation on slip cast and sintered Y2O3 (3 wt%)- stabilized ZrO2 with additions of 5, 10, 15 wt% Al2O3 are reported. The surface roughness, porosity and density of the samples were measured. The hardness HRc and Hv, fracture toughness K1C, and friction coefficients were also measured using standard methods. The structural properties of the samples were observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The surface...
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SURFACTANTS IN KLODNICA RIVER (KATOWICE, POLAND). PART I. LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULPHONATES (LAS)
PublicationSurfactants are a group of compounds with specific physico-chemical properties and therefore they are used in many spheres of human activity. Surface-active substances undergo various physico-chemical transformations, what enables their migration between different elements of the environment and may lead to its pollution. Selected anionic surfactants were determined in samples of water from the Klodnica river (25 samples) and bottom...
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Analysis of ring cracks in ceramic rolling elements using the boundary element method
PublicationCeramic materials have been increasingly used in bearing technology for over a dozen years. This is due to the characteristic properties of ceramic materials such as: high hardness, corrosion resistance, the possibility of use in aggressive chemical environments, as well as due to the lower specific weight compared to steel materials. However, the use of ceramic materials is connected with many limitations. The main disadvantages...
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Evaluation of high-frequency roughness measurement errors for composite and ceramic surfaces after machining
PublicationPrecise characterisation of surface topography is of the greatest importance since many factors directly affect the accuracy of the whole measurement process. In this paper, the variety of surface topographies from machined composite and ceramic workpieces was studied with a special emphasis on the measurement results. Surfaces were subjected to the ground diamond, honing and milling processes. Measurement results were analysed...
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Ordered titanium templates functionalized by gold films for biosensing applications – Towards non-enzymatic glucose detection
PublicationRecently, metal nanostructures evoke much interest due to application potential in highly sensitive detectors in biochemistry and medical diagnostics. In this work we report on preparation and characteristics of thin (1–100 nm) Au films deposited onto highly ordered structured titanium templates for SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy) and electrochemical sensing. The Ti templates are formed by selective removal of TiO2 nanotubes...
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Effects of Noncontact Shoulder Tool Velocities on Friction Stir Joining of Polyamide 6 (PA6)
PublicationIn this study, the effects of the traverse and rotational velocities of the noncontact shoulder tool on the heat generation and heated flux during the friction stir joining of high-density polyamide 6 (PA6) polymer were investigated. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was employed to simulate the thermomechanical phenomena during the friction stir joining (FSJ) process of PA6. A developed model was used to consider the...
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Ordered TiO2 nanotubes with improved photoactivity through self-organizing anodization with the addition of an ionic liquid: effects of the preparation conditions
PublicationModifying the geometric and surface parameters of oriented TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) is beneficial to the utilization of solar energy for chemical reactions, and this performance may be further improved. Thus, the effects of adding an ionic liquid (IL), 1-butylpiridinium chloride [BPy][Cl], and the effects of the water content and preparation conditions on the surface morphological, physicochemical, photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical...
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The geometry of free-standing titania nanotubes as a critical factor controlling their optical and photoelectrochemical performance
PublicationTitanium dioxide nanotubes are regarded as one of the most important functional materials and due to their unique electronic properties, chemical stability and photocorrosion resistance, they find applications in, for example, highly efficient photocatalysis or perovskite solar cells. Nevertheless, modification of TiO2 nanotubes is required to overcome their main drawback, i.e. large energy bandgap (>3.2 eV) limiting their ability...
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Morphology and properties of nanotubular oxide layer on the Ti13Zr13Nb alloy
PublicationThe Ti13Zr13Nb alloy in solid and porous form was oxidised. The constant voltage 20 V, oxidation time 0.5 and 1 h, and 1 M H3PO4 (orthophosphoric acid) with addition of HF (hydrofluoric acid) as a test solution were applied. SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) examinations of surface, EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) chemical analysis, nanohardness and nano-scratch tests, and corrosion potentiokinetic tests at various...
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Stability of thin film diamond mirror for applications in interferometers under the short-time exposure on selected aggressive chemicals
PublicationIn presented study a thin boron-doped diamond film was proposed for application in the interferometry as a highly durable optical mirror. The unique properties of the diamond films, like high chemical stability and hardness, allow them to be used even in the chemically aggressive environment, where the commonly used silver mirrors can be susceptible to damage. The investigated nanodiamond layer was fabricated by uPE CVD method...
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Study of ZrS3-based field-effect transistors toward the understanding of the mechanisms of light-enhanced gas sensing by transition metal trichalcogenides
PublicationExtending knowledge of the properties of low-dimensional van der Waals materials, including their reactivity to the ambiance, is important for developing innovative electronic and optoelectronic devices. Transition metal trichalcogenides with tunable optical band gaps and anisotropic conductivity are an emerging class among low- dimensional structures with the possibility of gate tunability and photoreactivity. These properties...
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Biomedical engineering of polysaccharide-based tissue adhesives: Recent advances and future direction
PublicationTissue adhesives have been widely used for preventing wound leaks, sever bleeding, as well as for enhancing drug delivery and biosensing. However, only a few among suggested platforms cover the circumstances required for high-adhesion strength and biocompatibility, without toxicity. Antibacterial properties, controllable degradation, encapsulation capacity, detectability by image-guided procedures and affordable price are also...
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Investigation of praseodymium and samarium co-doped ceria as an anode catalyst for DIR-SOFC fueled by biogas
PublicationThe Pr and Sm co-doped ceria (with up to 20 mol.% of dopants) compounds were examined as catalytic layers on the surface of SOFC anode directly fed by biogas to increase a lifetime and the efficiency of commercially available DIR-SOFC without the usage of an external reformer. The XRD, SEM and EDX methods were used to investigate the structural properties and the composition of fabricated materials. Furthermore, the electrical...
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Zastosowanie metody galwanostatycznej do wyznaczania błędu fazy elektrod woltamperometrycznych
PublicationW pracy przeanalizowano właściwości metrologiczne elektrod woltamperometrycznych w dziedzinie częstotliwości. Wykazano, że w przypadku, gdy reakcja elektrochemiczna kontrolowana jest procesem transportu jonów, elektroda woltamperometryczna zachowuje się tak jak przetwornik pomiarowy I rzędu. Jej właściwości metrologiczne opisane są przez czułość, częstotliwość graniczną, błąd amplitudy i błąd fazy. Przeprowadzona analiza pokazała,...
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Enhanced photocatalytic activity of accordion-like layered Ti3C2 (MXene) coupled with Fe-modified decahedral anatase particles exposing {1 0 1} and {0 0 1} facets
PublicationNew composites consisting of decahedral anatase particles exposing {001} and {101} facets coupled with accordion-like layered Ti3C2 with boosted photocatalytic activity towards phenol and carbamazepine degradation were investigated. The photocatalysts were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DR/UV–Vis), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron...
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Optimized AVHRR land surface temperature downscaling method for local scale observations: case study for the coastal area of the Gulf of Gdańsk
PublicationSatellite imaging systems have known limitations regarding their spatial and temporal resolution. The approaches based on subpixel mapping of the Earth’s environment, which rely on combining the data retrieved from sensors of higher temporal and lower spatial resolution with the data characterized by lower temporal but higher spatial resolution, are of considerable interest. The paper presents the downscaling process of the land...
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Analysis of Ceramic Elements with Ring-Crack Defects in Lubricated Rolling Contact
PublicationThe properties of ceramics, specifically low density, high hardness, high temperature capability and low coefficient of thermal expansion are of most interest to rolling element manufacturers. Surface ring cracks on lubricating rolling contact fatigue failure has been studied using numerical fracture analysis. Such cracks are very often found on ceramic bearing balls and decrease fatigue life rapidly. The numerical calculations...
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Calculation methods of interaction of electromagnetic waves with objects of complex geometries
PublicationModeling of the electromagnetic interaction with different homogeneous or inhomo-geneous objects is a fundamental and important problem. It is relatively easy to solve Maxwellequations analytically when the scattering object is spherical or cylindrical, for example. How-ever, when it loses these properties all that is left for us is to useapproximation models, to ac-quire the solution we need. Modeling of complex, non-spherical,...
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Formation of the hollow nanopillar arrays through the laser-induced transformation of TiO2 nanotubes
PublicationIn the following article, we present a simple, two-step method of creating spaced, hollow nanopillars, from the titania nanotube arrays via pulsed laser-treatment. Due to the high ordering of the structure, the prepared material exhibits photonic properties, which has been shown to increase the overall photoefficiency. The optical and morphological changes in the titania nanotubes after pulsed laser-treatment with 532, 355, and...
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Partial inhibition of borohydride hydrolysis using porous activated carbon as an effective method to improve the electrocatalytic activity of the DBFC anode
PublicationCarbon materials are commonly used catalyst supports in various types of fuel cells. Due to the possibility of designing their properties, they seem to be attractive and functional additives. In Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells (DBFCs), the electrooxidation reaction of borohydride competes with the undesirable hydrolysis reaction, therefore our work aimed to modify anodes based on a multi-component hydrogen storage alloy with a small...
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Effect of Storage Conditions of Rutile Flux Cored Welding Wires on Properties of Welds
PublicationThe influence of storage locations of two grades of rutile flux cored welding wires on their surface condition and the strength of the welds made with them were studied. Wires were stored in real urban conditions (Gdańsk and Katowice) for 1 month, simultaneously recording changes in conditions: temperature and relative humidity of the environment. Visual tests of wires in the delivered and stored condition as well as visual and...
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Direct amination of boron-doped diamond by plasma polymerized allylamine film
PublicationA novel microwave pulsed-plasma based method for the modification of the hydrogen-terminated polycrystalline boron-doped diamond (BDD) with a thin film of polymerized allylamine (PPAAm) is reported. A modified BDD surface is resistant to hydrolysis and delamination and is characterized by a high density of positively charged amino groups. Pulsed microwave plasma was applied to improve the degree of cross-linking and bonding of...
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Nanostructuring of thin Au films deposited on ordered Ti templates for applications in SERS
PublicationIn this work the results on thermal nanostructuring of the Au films on Ti templates as well as morphology and optical properties of the obtained structures are reported. The bimetal nanostructures are fabricated in a multi-step process. First, the titania nanotubes are produced on the surface of Ti foil by anodization in an ethylene glycol-water solution containing fluoride ions. This is followed by chemical etching in oxalic acid...
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Examples of AFM applications in liquid environment
Open Research DataImportant advantage of atomic force microscopy (also tunneling microscopy) is the ability to work in different environments (vacuum, controlled atmosphere, liquid environment). The last one, open interesting possibilities, such as imaging of delicate biological materials in their natural state. The use of electrochemical mode allows for the modification...
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The effect of nanoparticles size on photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties of Ag-Pt/TiO2 photocatalysts
PublicationAg-Pt-modified TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized using the sol–gel method. Bimetallic modified TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited improved photocatalytic activity under visible-light irradiation, better than monometallic Ag/TiO2 and Pt/TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). All modified powders showed localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in visible region. The photocatalysts’ characteristics by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning transmission...
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Imaging of graphene surface by means of tapping mode AFM
Open Research DataGraphene [1] is a material consisting of carbon planes with a hexagonal structure. One of the facts of interest from a purely scientific point of view is the very high mobility of electrons in the described material, allowing the study of relativistic effects inside a solid sample. Other features, such as bactericidal activity, make graphene an interesting...
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The impact of drying and steaming processes on surface color changes of tension ad normal beech wood
PublicationThe aim of the article is to present the influence of high temperature to selected properties of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.). The properties such as moisture content, color changes and longitudinal warping were analyzed. The quality of beech wood is determined based on structure and properties of wood, frequency of defects in wood material. The tension wood is considered as an important wood defect causing negative alterations...
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Piezoresponse force microscopy and dielectric spectroscopy study of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin films
PublicationResearch on synthesis, characterization and determination of processing – structure – property relationships of commercially important ferroelectric thin films has been performed. The sol-gel-type solution deposition technique was applied to produce good quality thin films of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BST60/40) chemical composition on the stainless steel substrates. The thin films were characterized in terms of their microstructure, crystal...
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Comprehensive study on graphene hydrogels and aerogels synthesis and their ability of gold nanoparticles adsorption
PublicationGraphene hydrogels were prepared by ascorbic acid-assisted gelation of graphene oxide (GO) aqueous suspensions both in acidic and basic conditions. Different mass ratio of ascorbic acid (AA) to GO was used (namely 20:1 and 10:1). In order to eliminate the influence of AA on the final structure of hydrogels, samples without AA were prepared by a hydrothermal gelation of GO in an autoclave. An in-depth structural characterization...
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The Effects of Pin Profile on HDPE Thermomechanical Phenomena during FSW
PublicationFriction stir welding (FSW) of polymeric materials has recently attracted significant attention. Herein, we present the effect of the tool pin profile on the FSW of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) joints through joint experimental analysis and thermomechanical simulations. For analysis of pin profile effects on the thermomechanical properties of HDPE joints, frustum (FPT), cubic (CPT), and triangular (TPT) pin shapes were selected...
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Mechanical and radiation shielding properties of concrete reinforced with boron--basalt fibers using Digital Image Correlation and X--ray micro--computed tomography
PublicationThe paper presents experimental investigations of the radiation shielding, mechanical and fracture properties of concrete reinforced with 5 kg/m3 of novel basalt fibers infused with boron oxide (BBF). However, further studies concerning other dosages i.e. 1 kg/m3, 10 kg/m3, 15 kg/m3 and 20 kg/m3 are currently carried out. Experiments with neutron source revealed that addition of BBF as a dispersed concrete reinforcement could improve...
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Plasmon resonance in gold-silver nanoalloys
Open Research DataSurface plasmon resonance (SPR) can lead to improve or formation a new linear or nonlinear optical phenomena. Especially it can enhance a light emission from luminescence materials. The presence of metal nanostructures or nanoparticles is necessary to excitation of the SPR. It is well known that gold and silver nanostructures exhibit plasmon resonance...
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The properties of reduced Bi-Ge-O glasses for thermoelectric devices
PublicationThe bismuth-germanate glasses have been investigated to examine their applicability for thermoelectric devices. In order to increase their electrical conductivity, the 25Bi2O3–75GeO2 glass samples have been reduced at 340-380°C for 10 hours in hydrogen. It has been shown that such heat treatment in H2 leads to the reduction of metal ions Bi3+ and Ge4+ into neutral atoms and the formation of metal grains both in an amorphous glass...